Bone Phosphorus Levels Research Articles

Protein dan vitamin D3 meningkatkan kadar fosfor maksila anak tikus putih Rattus novergicus galur Wistar dengan berat badan lahir rendah

Protein and vitamin D3 increase the phosphorus levels of maxillary in malnourished mice pupBackground: Protein deficiency during pregnancy leads to malnutrition in the newborn. One of the signs is low birth weight, which impacts bone and teeth growth problems, most probably related to vitamin D and phosphorus deficiency. Adequate protein and vitamin D3 during the nursing period increase the phosphorus level of bone related to fosfor absorption, which increases in the gut.Objective: This research was conducted to determine the effect of protein and vitamin D3 during the nursing period on increasing phosphorus levels of maxillary in prenatal malnutrition mice.Methods: Experimental study with post-test-only control group design. Thirty the Rattus novergicus Wistar strain mice were divided into five groups (n=6). The positive control group (healthy mice suckle in mother who received a standard protein diet and vitamin D3 0.36 IU/g BW/day/oral), negative control group (malnourished mice suckle in mother who received a low protein diet), and three groups of malnutrition mice suckle in mother who receives intervention standard protein diet with vitamin D3 0.36 IU/g BW/day/oral, low protein diet with vitamin D3 0,36 IU/g BW/day/oral, and a standard protein diet without vitamin D3. The parameter measured was phosphorus levels in the maxillary.Results: ANOVA test results showed significant phosphorus level differences of maxillary between groups (p<0.001), and the Post Hoc test showed differences between the control group with interventions 1, 2, and 3 groups.Conclusion: Intervention of a standard protein diet without vitamin D3 or a low protein diet with vitamin D3 0.36 IU/day/oral significantly increases the phosphorus level of maxillary in malnourished mice. However, combining a standard protein diet and vitamin D3 0.36 IU/day/oral is the most optimum for improving maxillary bone phosphorus levels in malnourished mice.

Effect of superphosphate application on the phosphorus status of breeding cattle grazing Townsville stylo based pastures in northern Queensland

The performance of Brahman crossbred cows grazing annual grass plus Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humils) pasture with or without superphosphate fertilizer was monitored over a two year period. The animals were introduced to the experimental areas as yearling helfers and remained until weaning of their first calf. Levels of phosphorus In rib bone varied between 145 and 172 mg/ml. At weanlng, levels were higher on the fertilized than on the unfertilized pasture (172 vs. 157 mg/ml). Calcium levels in rib bone varied between 329 and 362 rng/ml and paralleled bone phosphorus levels. Pasture nitrogen levels were similar on both pastures but phosphorus levels were higher on the fertilized area. Faecal analyses reflected this same pattern with faecal nitrogen levels being similar on both pastures, and faecal phosphorus levels higher on the fertilized pasture. Liveweight changes of cows and calf weaning weights were greater in groups grazing the fertilized pasture. It is hypothesized that this superior performance is a function of increased feed intake resulting from increased phosphorus intake on the fertilized area although the possible contribution of sulfur cannot be overlooked.

Bone maturation in the vitamin D, phosphate deficient rat and the response to acid loading.

Vitamin D and phosphate deficiency were produced in rats in order (a) to evaluate the degree of bone mineral and matrix maturation using a bromoform/toluene density gradient technique; and (b) to compare the aforementioned bone maturational changes due to vitamin D and phosphate deprivation to those produced with superimposed severe acidosis. Rats were fed a diet deficient in vitamin D and phosphorus (0.2%) from 3 weeks through 7 weeks of age. To examine the additional contribution of dietary calcium, we gave one-half of the animals either a low (0.06%) or high (1.3%) calcium diet. Following the 4 weeks of vitamin D deficiency, one-half of each group was given 1.8% NH4Cl in the drinking water for 4 succeeding days to induce an acute, severe acidosis. The degree of bone maturation was quantitated via bromoformtoulene density gradient fractionation; total mineral and hydroxyproline (collagen) levels were quantitated as well. The vitamin D-deficient rats deprived of adequate dietary phosphate responded by conserving phosphorus, and as a consequence total bone phosphorus levels were maintained within that level for control rats. This conservation was independent of calcium intake but was extremely sensitive to acute acid loading, where a significant reduction in total bone phosphorus was noted. The bone maturational profile obtained from the vitamin D-phosphate deficient rats, however, revealed a significant accumulation of less mature or dense bone collagen and mineral with a corresponding decrease in the most mature or dense moieties. In contrast to the reduction of the total bone phosphorus content by acute acidosis, the skeletal collagen-mineral maturational profile was not significantly affected by the short-term systemic acidosis. The observed retardations in the bone collagen and mineral maturation of the vitamin D-deficient, phosphate-deprived state provide an additional observation which may well relate to the progressive osteopenia documented in states of chronic, mild acidosis.

Superphosphate and stocking rate effects on a native pasture oversown with Stylosanthes humilis in central coastal Queensland. 5. Bone phosphorus levels in grazing cattle

The influence of fertilizer on bone phosphorus levels in grazing cattle was examined on native spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) pastures in central coastal Queensland oversown with Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis). The first experiment compared superphosphate at nil, 125 or 250 kg ha-1 annually (F0, F1, F2, respectively), at three stocking rates. In the eighth and final year of this experiment, bone samples from Brahman-cross cattle obtained by rib biopsy were analyzed for their phosphorus content. Analyses of pasture samples indicated that Fo provided a diet deficient in phosphorus, but that F1 and F2 were adequate. Animals on F0 grew slowly, and after one year bone from the twelfth rib contained 121.5 mg P cm-3 In contrast, bone samples from cattle on F1 and F2 contained over 150 mg P cm-3 . At the end of the year there was no difference in bone phosphorus levels between animals on F1 and F2, although a significant advantage of F2 over F0 became apparent earlier in the year than that for F1. It is suggested that levels around 120 mg P cm-3 in bone from the twelfth rib indicate a deficiency of phosphorus, and that levels over 150 mg P cm-3 indicate adequacy. The diet selected from F0 was apparently deficient in protein for six months of the year. However, the quality of herbage selected from the fertilized pasture was much higher throughout the year, probably mainly through the consequent availability of much greater amounts of Townsville stylo. A second experiment, involving potassium fertilizer plus superphosphate, was run for three years following the development of potassium deficiency in the legume. During the first two years only small changes in bone phosphorus were observed, but in the third year, highly significant increases in bone phosphorus occurred in all fertilizer treatments. In a third experiment, changes in bone phosphorus were measured in animals grazing pasture dressed with superphosphate for the first time. After the first year, F2 produced higher levels of bone phosphorus than did F1, but no difference occurred in the second year. The results suggested that for the promotion of bone phosphorus storage, the higher rate of fertilizer application was of only short-term advantage.

Correction - Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 3. Effect of supplementation on the phosphorus content of blood and on the phosphorus and calcium contents of hair and bone of grazing steers

The effect of phosphorus supplements of 35 and 70 g per head per week on the calcium and phosphorus contents of bone and hair and on plasma inorganic phosphorus levels of steers was compared with those of unsupplemented steers which grazed carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) pasture of low phosphorus content at Grafton, New South Wales. The supplements had no effect on plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration. Hair phosphorus content was not affected by either dietary phosphorus or season. Hair calcium was not influenced by pasture calcium but was related to season, with highest levels in summer and lowest in winter. Supplementation increased the amount of phosphorus in dry fat-free rib-bone (P < 0.05) but this effect was not apparent in the first three months of supplementation. The amount of calcium in bone (Y) was influenced by pasture calcium content (X1) and bone phosphorus content (X2). This relationship was described by the equation: Y = 51.0 + 140.81X2 - 3.33X2(R2 = 0.71; P < 0.001) It is suggested that bone phosphorus levels below 14.3, 13.5, and 12.7 per cent of dry fat-free bone may represent a phosphorus deficiency state in 15-27-month-old steers when pasture calcium levels are 0.18, 0.15, and 0.12 per cent respectively. Further, when estimates of the calcium status of beef steers are made from measurements of bone calcium content, corrections should be applied for bone phosphorus content. It is concluded that measurement of bone phosphorus and calcium provides the most sensitive indication of the phosphorus and calcium status of beef cattle and that when phosphorus supplementation has no effect on liveweight of beef steers its effect on mineralization of bone tissue may justify its use, particularly in areas where poor bone development and lameness occur.

Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 3. Effect of supplementation on the phosphorus content of blood and on the phosphorus and calcium contents of hair and bone of grazing steers

The effect of phosphorus supplements of 35 and 70 g per head per week on the calcium and phosphorus contents of bone and hair and on plasma inorganic phosphorus levels of steers was compared with those of unsupplemented steers which grazed carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) pasture of low phosphorus content at Grafton, New South Wales. The supplements had no effect on plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration. Hair phosphorus content was not affected by either dietary phosphorus or season. Hair calcium was not influenced by pasture calcium but was related to season, with highest levels in summer and lowest in winter. Supplementation increased the amount of phosphorus in dry fat-free rib-bone (P < 0.05) but this effect was not apparent in the first three months of supplementation. The amount of calcium in bone (Y) was influenced by pasture calcium content (X1) and bone phosphorus content (X2). This relationship was described by the equation: Y = 51.0 + 140.81X1 - 3.33X2(R2 = 0.71; P < 0.001) It is suggested that bone phosphorus levels below 14.3, 13.5, and 12.7 per cent of dry fat-free bone may represent a phosphorus deficiency state in 15-27-month-old steers when pasture calcium levels are 0.18, 0.15, and 0.12 per cent respectively. Further, when estimates of the calcium status of beef steers are made from measurements of bone calcium content, corrections should be applied for bone phosphorus content. It is concluded that measurement of bone phosphorus and calcium provides the most sensitive indication of the phosphorus and calcium status of beef cattle and that when phosphorus supplementation has no effect on liveweight of beef steers its effect on mineralization of bone tissue may justify its use, particularly in areas where poor bone development and lameness occur.