Bone Mineral Density Characteristics Research Articles

Different involutionary changes in bone mineral density with age in three skeletal sites in healthy Polish women

The aim of the study was to estimate the differences in bone mineral density (BMD) at three skeletal sites, with regard to age and menopausal status. The study was conducted between 2001 and 2006 in the Polish city of Wrocław and the sample was comprised of 440 healthy female inhabitants aged 40–88 years. The measurements of bone mineral density were taken at three sites: femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter major. Two bone mineral density characteristics were used in further analysis: absolute measure of bone mineral density (BMD) expressed in g/(100 mm) 2, and % of BMD of the peak value calculated for young adults (20–45, USA reference population). Pre- and postmenopausal status was defined according to occurrence of menstruation within the last 60 days. The changes in bone mineral density with age showed significantly different patterns in different skeletal sites. While the decrease in bone mineral density in the femoral neck and Ward's triangle were parallel and gradual, the changes in trochanter major were very small and between the age groups 51–55 and 71–75, nearly unnoticeable. A comparison between pre- and postmenopausal women aged 46–55, showed a significant effect of menopausal status. The average bone mineral densities in the three skeletal sites were higher in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women. The highest value of bone mineral density was found in the femoral neck, significantly lower in Ward's triangle, and a little lower (non-significantly) in the trochanter major than in the Ward's triangle. Postmenopausal women had a little higher BMD value in the trochanter major than in the Ward's triangle site.

Characteristics of bone mineral density at the time of diagnosis in postmenopausal breast cancer patients

e22187 Background: Bone mass has been proposed as a marker of cumulative exposure to estrogen in women. We have studied the association between bone mass and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Methods: We investigated the association between bone mineral density(BMD), as measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and the breast cancer in women age 50 or older, who were received an initial diagnosis of stage 0-III breast cancer, confirmed by pathologic assessment of breast tissue. We recruited 718 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer in a Asan Medical Center from 1, Jun. 2006 to 31, Dec. 2007. BMD was measured by lunar EXPERT-XL for breast cancer patients Results: Median age at diagnosis was 58 (range 47–82). Patients with higher BMD at lumbar spine were found to have low grade disease (p<0.005). The patients with hormone receptor positive breast tumor showed higher BMD at lumbar spine and lower serum 25(OH)D than hormone receptor negative tumor. Serum estradiol level did not show a relation to BMD. There were no significant differences between breast cancer stage and serum 25(OH)D and BMD. Conclusions: The patients who have hormone receptor positive breast cancer had higher Lumbar spine BMD and lower 25(OH)D than hormone receptor negative patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Vertebral Endplate and Disc Changes in the Aging Sand Rat Lumbar Spine

Lumbar vertebral segments from a large cross-sectional population of male and female sand rats were assessed for quantitative determination of lumbar endplate bone mineral density (BMD) and radiologic features. To determine radiologic and BMD characteristics in the lumbar spines of males and females ranging in age from 1.5 to 46.0 months. The sand rat provides an excellent economical model in which disc degeneration is reliable and well characterized. A major advantage of this model is that disc degeneration is spontaneous and does not need to be induced by stab surgical procedures. Previous work has only examined a small group of male sand rats for radiologic and BMD features of the lumbar spine; more complete data on both genders and a wider age range are lacking. BMD data were obtained for 99 male or female sand rats aged 1.5 to 46.0 months using the GE Lunar PIXImus bone densitometer; results were assessed for changes related to age, weight, gender, lumbar vertebral site, and radiologic characteristics of disc degeneration (disc space narrowing, wedging, and endplate calcification). Four age groups were studied: Group 1, 1 to 3.9 months of age; Group 2, 4 to 11.9 months of age; Group 3, 12 to 23.9 months of age, and Group 4, 24 to 46 months of age. Group 1 females showed a greater incidence of radiologic disc space narrowing and wedging at L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5, and of wedging at sites L5-L6, L6-L7, and L7-S. Group 2 females had significantly greater disc space narrowing at L3-L4 and L4-L5. By the time animals reached the age of Groups 3 and 4, males showed more wedging at L1-L2 and L3-L4. BMD data showed that Group 1 females had significantly lower BMD than Groups 2, 3 and 4 at all lumbar levels, and Group 4 had significantly higher BMD than Group 3. For males, there were no differences in younger animals, but older Group 3 and 4 animals had significantly greater BMD than Groups 1 and 2. Caudal BMD values were generally significantly higher than cranial values. Averaged BMD levels correlated significantly with both age and body weight, but the correlation with age at each lumbar level accounted for much more of the variation than did weight. Averaged BMD was significantly greater in disc sites showing disc space narrowing than in sites without narrowing for L1-L2 and L3-L4 through L7-S (P < or = 0.002 for each spinal level). Results expand our understanding of the association of age and gender to endplate sclerosis patterns in the lumbar spine, and support the hypothesis that endplate sclerosis may play a role in disc degeneration.

Characteristics of bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal breast cancer women

Characteristics of bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal breast cancer women

Characteristics of Bone Mineral Density in Male and Female University Kendo Athletes

Characteristics of Bone Mineral Density in Male and Female University Kendo Athletes

Bone mineral density and urolithiasis interaction in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease with extraarticular manifestations involving many organs. Both urinary stone formation and bone mineral density (BMD) can be affected by calcium (Ca) metabolism changes in RA. We aimed, in our study, to investigate the incidence of urolithiasis in adult RA patients and to identify the BMD characteristics of stone-forming RA patients. Seventy-nine RA patients and 35 control subjects participated in our study. None had a known renal disease, except for urolithiasis. Complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were recorded. Twenty-four-hour urinalysis, as well as plain X-ray, ultrasound imaging, and BMD measurements with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were performed. T scores more than 1 SD below the mean value were accepted as low BMD. There was no statistically significant difference between urinary stone incidence in RA patients and controls. There was a significant difference between BMD values in RA patients with and without urinary stone disease. The low T scores of stone-forming RA patients may be explained by the additive effect of two coexisting diseases, both shown to be related to low bone mass. From another point of view, both BMD loss and urolithiasis can be consequences of altered Ca metabolism in RA. So we suggest that RA patients with urolithiasis should be evaluated for BMD, and that RA patients with low BMD be evaluated for urolithiasis.

Characteristics of bone mineral density and soft tissue composition of obese Japanese women: application of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

We studied the characteristics of bone mineral density (BMD) and soft tissue composition in obese Japanese women using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Eighty-nine women, aged 45-85 years, were divided into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI): a thin group (n = 38: BMI < 21), a standard weight group (n = 31; BMI, 21-25), and an obese group (n = 20; BMI > or = 25). The mean BMD of the second to fourth lumbar vertebrae and BMD of the lumbar spine, thoracic spine, pelvis, legs, and ribs of the thin group were significantly lower than those of the standard weight group or the obese group (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference in total body BMD was observed among the three groups. There was a significant difference in total and regional fat mass among the three groups (P < 0.05). Lean mass of legs and total lean mass showed a significant difference between the thin group and the obese group (P < 0.05). The results showed that obesity was associated with higher BMD of weight bearing-bones and ribs, high total and regional fat mass, and high lean mass of bilateral legs and total lean mass. We suggest that obesity may contribute to the prevention of bone loss of weight-bearing bones and ribs and muscular atrophy of the legs.

Characteristics of bone mineral density and soft tissue composition in patients with atraumatic vertebral body fracture

Characteristics of bone mineral density and soft tissue composition in patients with atraumatic vertebral body fracture