Hemangioma Of Bone Research Articles

Head-to-Head Comparison of 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 68Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT in Recurrent Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of 68Ga-FAPI-04 (FAPI) in comparison to 68Ga-DOTATATE (SSTR) PET/CT for patients presenting with recurrent medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Sixteen MTC patients with elevated calcitonin levels (>150 pg/mL) underwent FAPI and SSTR PET/CT. Two nuclear medicine physicians evaluated all images, categorizing lesions into locoregional metastases, mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs), liver, and bone metastases. SUVmax and tumor-to-background ratio were recorded. PET modalities were compared using the McNemar test. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of FAPI and SSTR PET were calculated. The cohort comprised 16 patients (50% female; mean age 50 ± 17 years). Median calcitonin and CEA levels were 6234 pg/mL and 17.3 ng/mL, respectively. In patient-based analysis, SSTR exhibited higher diagnostic sensitivity compared with FAPI (88% vs 81%), resulting a statistically significant difference (P = 0.004). Mean SUVmax and tumor-to-background ratio values were 10.3 and 5.35 for FAPI, and 9.7 and 11.9 for SSTR PET, respectively. In lesion-based analyses, FAPI demonstrated higher accuracy than SSTR for cervical LNs (91.9% vs 50%), mediastinal LNs (94.9% vs 54.4%), and liver metastases (57.4% vs 7.3%), respectively. Notably, 31% of patients (n = 5) with FAP-expressing liver lesions showed no uptake on SSTR imaging. MRI confirmed liver metastases in 3 of these patients; however, 2 FAP-expressing lesions were confirmed as hemangiomas. False-positive findings of DOTA primarily included reactive LNs and bone hemangiomas. FAPI PET presents promising outcomes in detecting metastases in recurrent MTC patients. Although its diagnostic performance matches SSTR on a per-patient basis, FAPI PET exhibits superior sensitivity and accuracy in lesion-based analyses, notably for liver and bone metastases.

Rib Hemangiomas: Intriguing Findings from a Systematic Review of Rare Thoracic Tumors.

Background: Bone hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors, comprising less than 1% of all bone tumors. They are predominantly found in the vertebral body or skull; rib hemangiomas are particularly rare and are often misdiagnosed as malignant tumors. Given the high malignancy rate of primary rib tumors, understanding rib hemangiomas is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA standards. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and clinical presentation were analyzed using STATA/SE 17. Results: From 306 articles, 40 studies including 43 patients met the inclusion criteria. Rib hemangiomas showed a bimodal age distribution, with peaks in patients younger than 30 years (mean age 21.43 ± 5.60 years) and ≥30 years (mean age 59.96 ± 9.70 years). Females were more affected (62.79%) than males (37.21%), with a ratio of 1.69:1. The tumors were most frequently located in mid-thoracic ribs (4-8) and predominantly on the left side of the thorax. The mean tumor size was 7.27 cm, with 76.19% exhibiting osteolytic changes. Clinically, 63.41% of cases were asymptomatic, while symptomatic cases mainly presented with pain. Conclusions: Rib hemangiomas, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of thoracic tumors. They present as well-demarcated lytic lesions with distinct imaging features, and they typically require complete surgical excision, which may be aided with preoperative embolization. Their accurate diagnosis involves a combination of radiologic and clinical evaluation. Further studies are needed to understand the disease's pathophysiology and to refine diagnostic and treatment protocols.

Primary Intraosseous Hemangiomas of the Maxillary Bone: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Primary intraosseous hemangiomas of the maxillofacial region are rare lesions that comprise less than 1% of all osseous tumors. A review of the literature on primary intraosseous hemangiomas of the facial bones revealed a limited number of publications, much of which was largely limited to case reports. This case report summarizes the workup and surgical treatment of a 37-year-old female with a primary intraosseous hemangiomas of the left maxillary bone. The image, histology, treatment, and literature are reviewed.

INTRAOSSEOUS CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA OF THE ZYGOMA: A CASE REPORT

The incidence of intraosseous hemangiomas is low; they represent less than 1% of all bone tumors. The most common locations are the calvaria and vertebrae. Lesions affecting facial bones are rare and can involve the maxillae, mandibulae, nasals, and zygomatics. In zygomatic location its a slow-growing tumor that primarily affects adult women. Herein, we report a case of intraosseous hemangioma of the zygomatic bone in a man aged of 55 years old. The diagnosis of intraosseous hemangioma was made following radiological examination due to the characteristic imaging findings and confirmed after surgical excision by anatomopathological exam.

Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of parietal bone: A case report and literature review

Introduction and background: Intraosseous Hemangiomas or Primary Intraosseous Hemangiomas (PIH) are slowgrowing innocuous blood vessel tumors that make up less than 1% of all bone malignancies [1-4]. These lesions are estimated to account for 0.2 percent of all benign skull tumors [4-8], with a clear female predisposition (3:1) [2]. Prior trauma to the region is thought to be the most prevalent cause of intraosseous hemangiomas. They bleed profusely when removed or biopsied; therefore, preoperative diagnosis of the lesion’s vascular character is critical [8]. They are most frequently seen in the vertebral skeleton, although they can also be found in the calvarium and facial bones. The temporal bone is the most prevalent place in the head after the vertebral skeleton, followed by the parietal, mandible, malar, and zygomatic areas [8]. In this case report, we discuss the case of a 9-year-old male who presented with a large soft mass in his right parietal region.

Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of parietal bone: A case report and literature review

Introduction and background: Intraosseous Hemangiomas or Primary Intraosseous Hemangiomas (PIH) are slow-growing innocuous blood vessel tumors that make up less than 1% of all bone malignancies [1]. These lesions are estimated to account for 0.2 percent of all benign skull tumors [4], with a clear female predisposition (3:1) [2]. Prior trauma to the region is thought to be the most prevalent cause of intraosseous hemangiomas. They bleed profusely when removed or biopsied; therefore, preoperative diagnosis of the lesion’s vascular character is critical [8]. They are most frequently seen in the vertebral skeleton, although they can also be found in the calvarium and facial bones. The temporal bone is the most prevalent place in the head after the vertebral skeleton, followed by the parietal, mandible, malar, and zygomatic areas [8]. In this case report, we discuss the case of a 9-year-old male who presented with a large soft mass in his right parietal region.

Locally Aggressive Rib Hemangioma With Glomeruloid and Papillary Features - Expanding the Clinicopathologic spectrum of Bone Hemangiomas.

Intra-osseous hemangiomas are uncommon tumors that can present diagnostic and treatment dilemmas. Bone hemangiomas with papillary and glomeruloid growth patterns are exceptionally rare. We present an example of an intra-osseous hemangioma of the rib displaying aggressive features on both radiology and histology. Morphologically, prominent papillary and glomeruloid architectural patterns were observed, in addition to features of cavernous and capillary hemangiomas. Extensive extra-osseous soft tissue involvement was seen. Awareness of the diverse histological features and locally aggressive behavior of bone hemangiomas is important in avoiding over-interpretation as a malignant lesion.

Intraosseous hemangiomas in children. Diagnosis and treatment particulars. Case presentation

Hemangiomas of the jaw bones in children are extremely rare, but can have severe adverse effects.The goal. The purpose of this paper was to draw attention to the diagnostic problems of hemangiomas in children with coagulopathy problems, especially bone ones. Materials and methods. A special case of hemangioma of the mandible, in an adolescent with coagulation pathology, is presented. Results. The literature review and the present case found many identical problems, but also diagnostic and treatment peculiarities. Conclusion. Mandibular bone hemangiomas are rare vascular formations. The diagnosis of hemangiomas in children is difficult because of the rare incidence, treatment peculiarities, as well as because of hidden clinical signs. The general examination is necessary for all forms of hemangiomas and especially for those localized in the jaw bones. Coagulopathy problems greatly complicate the choice of treatment methods. Drug treatment is the favorable option of all treatment options at the present time. Choosing the right treatment method is an important moment in the prevention of side effects.

Fusion transcriptome profiling defines the monoclonal origin of multifocal epithelioid haemangioma of bone.

Epithelioid haemangioma (EH) of bone remains a highly controversial entity. Indeed, the WHO classifies EHs of soft tissues as benign tumours, whereas bone EHs are considered intermediate-locally aggressive tumours due to common multifocal presentation and local destructive growth. To gain insights into theclinical behaviour and biology of EH of bone we retrospectively analysed 42 patients treated in a single institution from 1978 to 2021. Multifocal presentation was detected in 17 of 42 patients (40%) primarily as synchronous lesions. Patients were treated with curettage (57%), resection (29%) or biopsy, followed by radiotherapy or embolisation (14%). Follow-up (minimum 24 months) was available for 38 patients, with only five local recurrences (13%) and no death of disease. To clarify whether the synchronous bone lesions in multifocal EH represent multicentric disease or clonal dissemination, four cases were profiled by RNA-sequencing. Separate lesions from the same patient, which showed a similar transcriptional profile, expressed the same fusion transcript (involving FOS or FOSB) with identical gene breakpoints. These results indicate that, in EH of bone, multifocal lesions are clonally related and therefore represent the spread of a same neoplastic clone rather than simultaneous independent tumours. This finding is in apparent contradiction with the benign clinical course of the disease, and suggests that tumour dissemination in bone EH probably reflects a phenomenon of passive spreading, with tumour cells colonising distal sites while maintaining their benign biological nature.

Cavernous hemangioma of zygomatic bone - A rare case report

A 45-year-old woman presented with a history of unilateral fixed, painless, gradually progressive swelling in the right frontal part of the zygomatic bone for 6 years. On examination, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the right and left eye was 20/20. On palpation, the swelling was a solitary mass of hard consistency, painless, adhering to deep planes under normal-looking skin. Orbital computed tomography (CT) scanning showed monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the lateral wall of the right bony orbit of the zygoma. The right orbital mass was managed by excisional biopsy with bone grafting. The histopathological report revealed a cavernous hemangioma of the zygomatic bone.

Endoscopic Excision of the Intraosseous Hemangioma of the Nasal Bone.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03729-x.

Hemangioma of temporal bone. Case report

Hemangioma of temporal bone or intratemporal hemangioma is a rare benign tumor that has no specific symptoms and signs according to computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging), which makes it difficult to diagnose it early. The percentage of diagnostic errors is quite high. The symptoms of hemangioma of temporal bone depends on its localization. A common localization of hemangioma in the temporal bone is geniculate ganglion and internal auditory canal. According to CT and MRI data, there is no difference between many tumors usually localized in the temporal bone. Angiography complements the preoperative examination, increases the likelihood of a correct diagnosis, and is used to assess the possibility of preoperative embolization. Surgical treatment used in many cases, the purpose of which is the total removal of the tumor. A clinical case of temporal bone hemangioma in a 12-year-old child is presented.

Cavernous Hemangioma of Maxilla

Intra-osseous vascular lesions occur rarely in jaw bones. Intra-osseous hemangioma of the facial bones is even rarer and occurs more predominantly in the mandible than the maxilla. Diagnosis of these lesions is challenging due to inconsistent clinical and radiographic presentation. Here, we present a rare case report of a boy, aged 16 years, with an intra-osseous cavernous hemangioma of the left maxilla.

Surgical Management of a Massive Frontal Bone Hemangioma: Case Report.

Intraosseous hemangiomas are rare, benign tumors that can arise from the calvarium. These lesions often invade the outer table of the skull, but typically spare the inner table and intracranial structures. En bloc surgical resection is the standard treatment for intraosseous hemangiomas. However, a piecemeal resection may be required to safely remove the tumor in cases involving the inner table to protect the underlying brain parenchyma and vascular structures. Proper reconstruction is critical to optimize the cosmetic outcome, and a staged procedure allowing implantation of a custom-made implant can be considered for large lesions involving the forehead. We present a case of a patient with a large frontal intraosseous hemangioma with intradural involvement to highlight the surgical nuances of resection and review the existing literature regarding optimal management of these patients.

Multidisciplinary, articular surface-preserving treatment strategy for locally aggressive epithelioid hemangioma of the acetabulum employing serial bland transarterial embolization.

Epithelioid hemangioma is a rare, histologically benign but locally aggressive primary vascular neoplasm that can rarely arise in bone. Mainstay treatment is surgical resection or curettage with bone grafting. We report a novel multidisciplinary, joint-sparing treatment approach for an epithelioid hemangioma of bone arising in the acetabulum causing severe thinning of the subchondral bone plate. After 4 sessions of transarterial bland particle and ethanol embolization, the resultant increased ossification of the tumor allowed preservation of the articular surface during surgical resection. Imaging follow-up 14 months after surgical resection showed no evidence of recurrence and continued ossification of the portions of the lesion treated only with embolization.

Epithelioid Hemangioma of Bone: A Rare Vascular Neoplasm. A Case Report and Literature Review

Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) of bone is a rare benign, albeit locally aggressive vascular neoplasm. It is usually solitary and involves the metaphysis or diaphysis of long tubular bones, especially in the lower extremities. Rarely it may present as multifocal lesions. The differential diagnosis includes malignant vascular bone tumors such as epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and epithelioid angiosarcoma. Clinical presentation and radiographic and histological findings are not specific and diagnosis is based mostly on immunohistochemical and molecular studies. There is no consensus regarding the optimal treatment. Curettage and bone grafting or en bloc resection are the current treatment options, however local recurrence have been reported. We present a case of multifocal EH of the distal tibia, distal fibula and hindfoot in a 38 year-old male managed with curettage, radiofrequency ablation and cement osteoplasty. The imaging features, histological findings and treatment options of this rare vascular tumor are discussed.

Eight Cases of Interosseous Cavernous Hemangioma of Frontal Bone

Eight Cases of Interosseous Cavernous Hemangioma of Frontal Bone

Epithelioid haemangioma of bone: A series of four cases with a revision of this contentious entity.

Epithelioid hemangioma of bone is a rare and locally aggressive vascular neoplasm of bone associated with a good prognosis. Because of its worrisome histomorphologic features and aggressive clinicoradiologic findings, at times with multifocal presentation, they tend to simulate malignant tumors. We report a series of four cases of epithelioid hemangioma of bone with their clinicopathologic characteristics. All had adjacent soft tissue involvement and two had multifocal bone disease. Microscopically, all cases had a tumor in lobular configuration, composed of epithelioid endothelial cells with the formation of well-formed vessels or grew in solid sheets. The tumor cells lacked significant cytologic atypia, necrosis, and increased mitosis. All cases were immunohistochemically positive for vascular markers CD34, CD31, ERG1, whereas negative for CK. Two of the cases were treated with excision, and the other two underwent curettage. None had local recurrence or metastasis on follow-up. This study highlights the importance of recognizing histomorphological and clinicoradiological features for distinguishing epithelioid hemangiomas from malignant vascular neoplasms of bone because of their distinct therapeutic implications and clinical outcomes.

Intraosseous Hemangioma of Nasal Bone: Unusual Location of a Common Tumor with Literature Review

Hemangiomas are very common benign vascular tumors of head and neck. Intraosseous hemangiomas are rare and very few cases of involvement of nasal bone have been found in literature. A slowly growing hard nasal mass should draw clinical suspicion and should be included in differential diagnosis as it carries with it the risk of uncontrollable hemorrhage during surgical procedures. Clinical examination and radiology are contributory but histopathological examination is confirmatory for diagnosis. Keywords: hemangiomas, intraosseous, nasal bone

A Giant Primary Intraosseous Calvarial Hemangioma of the Temporal Bone.

A Giant Primary Intraosseous Calvarial Hemangioma of the Temporal Bone.