Body Dynamic Balance Research Articles

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE AUTHOR'S TECHNOLOGY AIMED AT THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC BODY BALANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH HEARING DEPRIVATION

The relevance of the research topic. Numerous studies have stated that abnormal child development is always accompanied by motor function disorders and deficits in motor activity. The combination of sensory and motor deprivation causes extraordinary difficulties in the perception, assimilation, retention and reproduction of educational material, and also significantly complicates the life of a child with a disability. The purpose of the article is to determine the effectiveness of the author's technology aimed at the development of static and dynamic body balance of primary school children with hearing deprivation in the process of adaptive physical education. Matherial and Methods. The study involved 8 boys and 11 girls with hearing impairment aged 8 years, who were randomly divided into main groups (GG1, GG2) and control groups (CG1, CG2). The following research methods were used to accomplish the tasks: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical experiment, stabilography. Mathematical and statistical processing and analysis of data were carried out using the computational and graphical capabilities of the application software packages "Statistica" (StatSoft, version 10.0) and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. The results obtained during the formative experiment prove the positive influence of the means and methods of the author's technology on the indicators of steady- state body balance (in the Romberg test with open eyes) in girls of 8 years old with hearing impairment GG2the amplitude of oscillations of the total body mass centre (TBC) in the frontal plane of girls of GG2 statistically significantly improved (Т=0; Z=2.20; p=0.028); the amplitude of oscillations of TBC in the sagittal plane of girls of GG2 statistically significantly decreased (Т=0; Z=2.02; p=0.043); there was a statistically significant improvement in the length of the trajectory of the TBC in the frontal and sagittal planes (Т=0; Z=2.20; p=0.028); statistically significant increase in the assessment of the speed of TBC movement of the examined girls (Т=0; Z=2.20; p=0.028); also revealed a statistically significant difference in the indicators of the area of oscillations of the TBC after the experiment of girls of CG2 (T=0; Z=2.02; p=0.043) and girls of GG2 (T=0; Z=2.20; p=0.028); among boys with hearing impairment (GG1) there was a tendency to improve the indicators of steady-state body balance. Calculations were performed by applying the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test for dependent samples.

THE PHRASEOSEMANTIC FIELD “ACTION” AS A COMPONENT OF THE VALUE ’HEALTH’ IN THE PHRASEOLOGY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

The purpose of the article is to highlight, analyze and describe the phraseosemantic field “Action” as a mandatory component of the ’health’ value in the phraseosystem of the English language. The object of study is English phraseological units of the core of this field, selected from authoritative English explanatory dictionaries; the subject of research is the determination of key qualification features of the phraseosemantic field “Action”. As a result of the work carried out, units representing the English phraseosemantic field “Action” were selected, their contextual use was presented, and a conceptual description of the units of the core of this field was carried out. In general, health is positioned as a natural, non-transitory, absolute vital value of the highest level of the hierarchy of values, along with beauty, truth, and happiness. Conclusions. The analysis of the selected material shows that the basis for preserving, maintaining and achieving the value of ’health’ is the ability of a person to actively and purposefully act, enter into productive relationships, relationships with people, the surrounding material and non-material world. Activity is defined as the process of performing a certain purposeful and clearly understood action by the subject, in particular physical. It is possible and provided by the subject in the presence of conditions necessary for a healthy person, including: the absence of disease, normal body functioning, body dynamic balance in the “Human — Environment” system; spiritual and social well-being, the ability to adapt, the performance of social functions (communication, work, education, etc.). The main parameters of human activity: processability, dynamism, physiological conditionality, ability to perform. The key qualification features of the English phraseosemantic field “Action” are determined: representation, for the most part, of the beginning of a certain action, process; practical, empirical implementation and direction of activity; energy, perseverance and liveliness during the performance of a certain activity.

The relationship of dynamic body balance with locomotor ability and endurance of core muscles in children with down syndrome

Introduction: The scarcity of research results related to the relationship of dynamic body balance with locomotor ability and core muscle endurance makes it difficult to compile a physical exercise program for children with Down syndrome, even though the preparation of the form and duration of exercises that adjust the level of dynamic body balance will minimize the occurrence of more severe injuries and musculoskeletal problems. This study aims to find out, prove, and examine the relationship between dynamic body balance and locomotor ability, and core muscle endurance in children with Down syndrome. Material and Methods: This study included 30 children with Down syndrome who were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. All samples followed the research procedure by measuring dynamic body balance using a functional reach test, assessing locomotor ability with a test of gross motor development (2nd edition), and measuring core muscle endurance using a plank test. The statistical analysis technique uses the Pearson correlation test at a significance level of α = 0.05, which is carried out in SPSS software version 22. Results: There is a significant positive relationship between dynamic body balance and locomotor ability with a significance value of 0.000 (Sig. < 0.05) and a positive Pearson correlation value of 0.821. In addition, there was a positive significant relationship between dynamic body balance and the endurance of the core muscles of the children with Down syndrome at a significance level set at 0.000 (Sig. < 0.05) and a positive Pearson correlation of 0.710. Conclusions: The dynamic body balance of children with Down syndrome is significantly positively related to locomotor abilities at a perfect level and the endurance of the core muscles at a strong level.

Analysis of Postural Control following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Ipsilateral Peroneus Longus Tendon Graft.

Harvesting peroneus longus for ACL reconstruction is thought to create ankle instability which could add to postural instability from an ACL injury. This apprehension prevents its use as a graft of primary choice for many surgeons. To date, there is no evidence available describing changes in postural control after its use in ACL reconstruction. The purpose of the study was to analyse the changes in postural control in the form of static and dynamic body balance after ACL reconstruction with Peroneus Longus Tendon Graft and compare it with the unaffected limb at different time intervals. Thirty-one participants with ACL injury were selected and subjected to an assessment of static and dynamic balance before and after ACL reconstruction using the HUMAC balance system. Outcome measures for Centre of Pressure (COP) assessment were average velocity, path length, stability score, and time on target. Comparison of scores was done pre-operatively as well as at three- and six-months post-reconstruction with Peroneus longus tendon graft. Static balance of the affected limb showed significant improvement with a decrease in average velocity (F=4.522, p=0.026), path length (F=4.592: p=0.024) and improvement of stability score (F=8.283, p=0.001). Dynamic balance measured by the time on the target variable also showed significant improvement at six-month follow-up (F=10.497: p=0.000). There was no significant difference between the affected and non-affected limb when compared at the different time intervals. The static and dynamic balance, which is impaired after ACL injury, improves with ACL reconstruction with PLT autologous graft. Hence PLTG can be safely used as a graft for ACL reconstruction without affecting postural control and body balance.

CARACTERÍSTICAS DE EQUILÍBRIO DOS MEMBROS INFERIORES DURANTE O TAI CHI CHUAN

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tai chi chuan training claims to not only promote the circulation of internal energy in the body to achieve a preventive and healing effect of diseases, but also to improve static and dynamic body balance. While the former claims are not validable, the question about the effectiveness of improving balance remains valid. Objective: Verify the characteristics of lower limb balance during tai chi chuan practice. Methods: Selected volunteers underwent a bioelectricity testing system via noninvasive surface electromyography to evaluate muscle activity during the exercises. The results were collected, cataloged and statistically work on corresponding graphs according to different content of literature research for objective analysis. Results: The variation of the displacement of the center of gravity was controlled within 0.1M, the most unstable time of the center of gravity was about 0.65s before the start of balance. In temporal terms, it is found that the order of discharge of each muscle tested in the vertical balance and unilateral support was as follows: the tibialis anterior muscle discharges first, the rectus femoris and biceps femoris second, finally gastrocnemius, gluteus medius and gluteus maximus joint discharge almost at the same time. Conclusion: Some benefit is perceived in the validity of improving lateral balance velocity, shortening the action completion time, and improving balance stability, improving the quality of action in practitioners of this exercise modality. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

사회서비스 참여 활동이 청년의 신체조성, 기능적 움직임 검사(FMS) 및 신체균형에 미치는 효과

This study was conducted to investigate changes in body composition and body function after performing strength training and balance exercise 3times a week for 12weeks by participating in the Youth Social Service Project for young people in their 20s and 30s who do not have regular exercise experience. As a result of analyzing the effects of functional movement scale(FMS) and measuring static and dynamic body balance ability, the following conclusions were obtained. First, as for the change in body composition between periods, body fat percentage(p.05) and BMI(p.01) of the service use group significantly decreased, and in comparison between groups, muscle mass was significantly lower than that of the control group(p.05) increased. Second, in the functional movement test between periods, the service use group was deep squat(p.001), hurdle step(p.001), inline lunge(p.01), active leg lift(p.001), and rotation. There was a significant increase in stability(p.01) and total score(p.01), and in the comparison between groups, the service use group showed inline lunge(p.001), shoulder mobility(p.001), and total There was a significant increase in score(p.001). Third, in the comparison between periods, the change in body balance significantly increased in the service use group in static balance ability(p.05), dynamic balance ability(p.05), and total score(p.001). In comparison, the service use group significantly increased in static(p.01), dynamic(p.001), and total scores(p.001) than the control group. Summarizing the above conclusions, it is thought that the 12weeks exercise program for the young people who participated in the youth social service project will be helpful in maintaining positive physical function.

한국무용 동작 프로그램이 여성 노인의 신체기능과 균형능력에 미치는 효과

In this study, 24 elderly women aged 65 and older were selected as study subjects and divided into two groups, 12 in the Korean dance program participant group and 12 in the control group. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a 12-week Korean dance movement program on the physical function and static and dynamic body balance abilities. In the changes found in Short Physical Performance Battery, regarding balance, the values in the semi-tandem position and the tandem position increased significantly (p<.001) after exercise in the participation group while the values in the tandem position were found to increase in the participation group compared to the control group. In the tests of gait speed and standing from a chair, the values in the participation group showed a significant (p<.001) increase after exercise and the values in the participation group increased significantly (p<.001) compared to the control group in gait speed. In the changes found in static and dynamic balance ability increased significantly (p<.05) after exercise in the participation group. Also, the values increased significantly (p<.001) compared to those in the control group in comparison between the groups. The values of static balance ability were also found to increase significantly (p<.001) after exercise in the participation group compared to the control group. As a result of the above conclusions, the Korean dance movement program applied in this study can be considered a positive exercise program model to help maintain healthy body, improve physical function and improve body balance ability for elderly women.

Effect of Vinyasa Training on Dynamic Body Balance of Male National Level Yoga Players

Background. Body balance is among the most important aspects for achieving athletic excellence in competitive sports. Body balance helps in the development of proper body posture control, which supports high performance and skill demonstration across all sports. Body balance is known to be positively correlated to competitive athletic performance. In sports, good balance implies moving more efficiently and with better body control. Yoga is one of the means of improving body balance, and it has also been linked to enhancing athletic performance. Vinyasa yoga is a powerful method that targets the entire body. Navigate challenging poses to improve your strength, flexibility, and balance, especially if you want to target muscle groups that aren’t used in your preferred sport. &#x0D; The focus of this study. To analyse the efficacy of a 6-week Vinyasa Yoga Training Programme (VYTP) in improving dynamic body balance of male national level yoga players. &#x0D; Materials and methods. Twenty male national level yoga players (18-25 years) from the Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education, Gwalior, India, participated in the study. The participants were then randomly allocated into two groups, one experimental (Vinyasa) and the other control. The Sensbalance machine was used to measure the dynamic body balance. &#x0D; Results. ANCOVA indicates a significant difference in the selected variable of dynamic body balance in the experimental group compared to the control group. When compared to the control group which did not receive any training, the post-test found that the experimental yoga group significantly improved in dynamic body balance.&#x0D; Conclusions. VTYP was found to be helpful in enhancing dynamic body balance. In the current study after six weeks of vinyasa training it was observed that the male national yoga players had a substantial difference in dynamic body balance compared to the control group.

The effect of TRX suspension trainer and BOSU platform after reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint

Background and Study Aim. The tear of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint is experienced by people of all ages for a variety of reasons. The physiotherapy procedures with different equipment help recover lost functions. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of ‘TRX’ (Total body Resistance eXercise) suspension trainer and platform ‘BOSU’ (Both Sides Utilized) after anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint reconstruction.&#x0D; Material and Methods. The study included 20 patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, 13 women, age (31.7 ± 3.4) and 7 men, age (31.7 ± 3.5) participated in the assessment. The strength of the calf flexors and extensors muscles was assessed by Lovett scale. The range of motion of the knee joint was assessed by goniometer. The static and dynamic body balance was assessed by Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale. The stability of the knee joint was assessed by Lachman test. The statistical data reliability was evaluated using Student's T criterion.&#x0D; Results. The data obtained showed that stabilization exercises with ‘TRX’ suspension trainer ant platform ‘BOSU’ have positive effect on knee joint after reconstruction. In the first and second group strength of the calf flexors and extensors muscles, amplitude of knee joint, static and dynamic balance significantly increased (p&lt;0.05). Knee joint stability increased. Comparing both groups’ results, there are no statistically significant difference (p&gt;0.05). &#x0D; Conclusions. Physiotherapy exercises with TRX suspension trainer and platform ‘BOSU’ can help patients to return lost muscles strength, knee joint amplitude, static and dynamic balance and knee joint stability.

Differential activation of the plantar flexor muscles in balance control across different feet orientations on the ground

The ankle plantar flexor muscles act synergistically to control quiet and dynamic body balance. Previous research has shown that the medial (MG) and lateral (LG) gastrocnemii, and soleus (SOL) are differentially activated as a function of motor task requirements. In the present investigation, we evaluated modulation of the plantar flexors' activation from feet orientation on the ground in an upright stance and the ensuing reactive response to a perturbation. A single group of young participants (n = 24) was evaluated in a task requiring initial stabilization of body balance against a backward pulling load (5% or 10% of body weight) attached to their trunk, and then the balance was suddenly perturbed, releasing the load. Four feet orientations were compared: parallel (0°), outward orientation at 15° and 30°, and the preferred orientation (M = 10.5°). Results revealed a higher activation magnitude of SOL compared to MG-LG when sustaining quiet balance against the 10% load. In the generation of reactive responses, MG was characterized by earlier, steeper, and proportionally higher activation than LG-SOL. Feet orientation at 30° led to higher muscular activation than the other orientations, while the activation relationship across muscles was unaffected by feet orientation. Our results support the conclusion of task-specific differential modulation of the plantar flexor muscles for balance control.

Association of Foot Sole Sensibility with Quiet and Dynamic Body Balance in Morbidly Obese Women

An important health-related problem of obesity is reduced stance stability, leading to increased chance of falling. In the present experiment, we aimed to compare stability in quiet and in dynamic body balance between women with morbid obesity (n = 13, body mass index [BMI] &gt; 40 Kg/m2, mean age = 38.85 years) and with healthy body weight (lean) (n = 13; BMI &lt; 25 Kg/m2, mean age = 37.62 years), evaluating the extent to which quiet and dynamic balance stability are associated with plantar sensibility. Quiet stance was evaluated in different visual and support base conditions. The dynamic task consisted of rhythmic flexion—extension movements at the hip and shoulder, manipulating vision availability. The plantar sensibility threshold was measured through application of monofilaments on the feet soles. The results showed that the morbidly obese, in comparison with the lean women, had higher plantar sensibility thresholds, and a reduced balance stability in quiet standing. Mediolateral stance stability on the malleable surface was strongly correlated with plantar sensibility in the obese women. Analysis of dynamic balance showed no effect of obesity and weaker correlations with plantar sensibility. Our results suggest that reduced plantar sensibility in morbidly obese women may underlie their diminished stance stability, while dynamic balance control seems to be unaffected by their reduced plantar sensibility.

Selenium-deficient diet induces inflammatory response in the pig adrenal glands by activating TLR4/NF-κB pathway via miR-30d-R_1.

Selenium (Se) is an important trace element to maintain the body's dynamic balance. Lack of Se can cause inflammation. Studies have shown that inflammation often leads to disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, but the mechanism by which Se deficiency causes inflammation of the porcine adrenal glands is still unclear. In order to study the effect of Se deficiency on the adrenal glands of pigs, we obtained Se-deficient pig adrenal glands through a low-Se diet. The results of mass spectrometry showed that the Se content in the Se-deficient group was only one-tenth of the control group. We detected the expression of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and downstream factors by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and found that the lack of Se affected the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. It is known that miR-155-3p, miR-30d-R_1, and miR-146b have all been verified for targeting relationship with TLR4. We confirmed by qRT-PCR that miR-30d-R_1 decreased most significantly in the Se-deficient pig model. Then we tested 25 selenoproteins and some indicators of oxidative stress. It is confirmed that Se deficiency reduces the antioxidant capacity and induces oxidative stress in pig adrenal tissue. In short, a diet lacking Se induces oxidative stress in pig adrenal tissues and leads to inflammation through the miR-30d-R_1/TLR4 pathway. This study provides a reference for the prevention of adrenal inflammation in pigs from a nutritional point of view.

Correlation of foot posture with balance and pelvic tilt in healthy runners

IntroductionThe purpose of the study was to find out the relationship of hyper-pronated foot with anterior pelvic tilt and dynamic balance in recreational runners. Hyper-pronated foot is a functional deformity which mainly affects the total body kinematic chain during dynamic weight-bearing events such as running when the foot lands on the ground. Furthermore, individuals with hyper-pronated foot may exhibit anterior pelvic tilt owing to the biomechanical relations, which alters balance as well. Runners with hyper-pronated feet are at high risk of injury, possibly because of larger torque generated at the lower limb.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 55 healthy recreational runners with hyper-pronated foot aged 19–30 years. They were assessed by foot posture index for hyper-pronated foot, Star Excursion Balance Test for dynamic balance evaluation, and the photogrammetry method to determine the anterior pelvic tilt angle.ResultsThe results revealed a poor correlation between foot posture index and dynamic body balance (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.23) and a moderate correlation between foot posture index and anterior pelvic tilt angle (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.47).ConclusionsThere was no significant correlation of foot posture index with dynamic body balance, whereas a minimal correlation was found between foot posture index and the anterior pelvic tilt angle. Therefore, hyper-pronated foot does not significantly directly influence balance or posture.

Lack of cerebellar tDCS effects on learning of a complex whole body dynamic balance task in middle-aged (50\u201365\u2009years) adults

BackgroundCerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is widely considered as a promising non-invasive tool to foster motor performance and learning in health and disease. The results of previous studies, however, are inconsistent. Our group failed to provide evidence for an effect of cerebellar tDCS on learning of a complex whole body dynamic balance task in young and healthy participants. Ceiling effects in the young study population are one possible explanation for the negative findings.MethodsIn the present study, we therefore tested 40 middle-aged healthy participants between the ages of 50 to 65 years. Participants received either anodal or sham cerebellar tDCS using a double-blinded study design while performing a balance task on a Lafayette Instrument 16,030 stability platform®. Mean platform angle and mean balance time were assessed as outcome measures.ResultsSignificant learning effects were found in all participants. Balancing performance and learning rate was significantly less in the group of middle-aged adults compared to our previous group of young adults. No significant effects of cerebellar tDCS were observed.ConclusionsOur findings are in line with other studies that have failed to prove robust effects of cerebellar tDCS on motor learning. The present findings, however, do not exclude cerebellar tDCS effects. tDCS effects may be more prominent after repeated stimulation, using other stimulus parameters, in patient populations, or in other motor learning tasks.Trial registrationNot applicable.

Variations in cricket players' upper body dynamic balance across different levels of competition.

Balance ability has been associated with performance and injury prevention in athletes. Previous studies have investigated the differences in lower body dynamic balance abilities among male high school, collegiate and professional soccer players. To investigate the differences on the Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (UQYBT) in school, collegiate and employed cricket players. Dynamic balance data were collected for school (SCH; n = 22), collegiate (COL; n = 19) and employed (EMP; n = 15) cricket players of Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India using the UQYBT standardized protocol. For the UQYBT, the participant reached with one hand in the medial, superolateral and inferolateral directions while maintaining three points of contact (other hand and both feet). The test was performed for both non-dominant and dominant hands. The SCH group had the least medial reach distance than the other two groups (p = 0.010). Also, SCH players tended to exhibit a lower composite reach score than the other groups, but this difference was not significant (p > 0.05). No bilateral differences were observed among the three groups in any of the reach directions. Upper body dynamic balance performance varied with the competition level. This may indicate that athletes' movement strategies may be different depending on the competition level and that normative values may need to be established for each competition level.

Postural control in male ten-pin bowlers of different level of competitiveness

Ten-pin bowling is considered a highly skilled recreational activity with players demonstrating various anthropometric and physiological characteristics. The purpose of the current study was to assess both static and dynamic body balance, in ten-pin bowlers of different level of competitiveness. Thirty four ten-pin bowlers who competed at a high (Level-A, n=17) and a lower level (Level-B, n=17) as well as eighteen individuals without experience in ten-pin bowling (Non-bowlers) participated in the study. Static balance was determined based on the anteroposterior (APd) and mediolateral displacement (MLd) of the center-of-foot-pressure (CoP) that was recorded during single-leg-stance with open and close eyes as well as with open eyes and head extension. Dynamic balance was determined based on the APd and MLd of CoP as well as the normalized distances reached during execution of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in the posterior, posterolateral and lateral directions. Significantly better dynamic balance, in terms of the distances reached during SEBT execution, was demonstrated by Level-A bowlers compared to Level-B bowlers and Non-bowlers. The differences between groups regarding APd and MLd, during both static and dynamic balance testing, were in general not significant. Our findings revealed that ten-pin bowlers who compete at a higher level demonstrate better dynamic balance ability. Sports scientists and coaches should be aware of these differences to optimize performance or distinguish ten-pin bowlers with different level of competitiveness.

Body balance a few years after total hip replacement

These aim of the study was to conduct a long-term evaluation of whether total hip replacement permanently affects the dynamic body balance. Twenty-five patients after the unilateral total hip replacement (mean age: 69.9 ± 6.2) and 25 subjects without the total hip replacement (mean age: 68.4 ± 4.8) who matched the age and overall health participated in this study. The force platform and functional tests such as Timed Up and Go, 3m walk test, Functional Reach Test, 30s Chair Stand Test, Step Test and Berg Balance Scale were used to assess dynamic balance. The results obtained in individual trials were compared using the Student's t-test for independent variables, the Welch test or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. Subjects from the THR group exhibited significantly increased time and distance in the tests performed on the force platform, compared to the control group. We also observed worse balance and functional test scores in the THR group: Timed Up and Go test ( p < 0.001), 3 m walk test ( p < 0.001), Functional Reach Test ( p < 0.001), 30 s Chair Stand Test ( p = 0.001) and Step Test (operated leg: p < 0.001, non-operated leg: p < 0.001). The results obtained in the Berg Balance Scale tests were not significantly different between the groups ( p = 0.218). We observed significant differences in postural stability and dynamic balance between patients after THR and subjects in the same age without endoprosthesis. Our research shows that total hip replacement permanently impairs patients' dynamic balance and their functionality in certain lower-extremity activities.

Avaliação da regulação sensorial do equilíbrio corporal e risco de queda de mulheres adultas e idosas fisicamente ativas

OBJECTIVE: To examine the sensory performance of static and dynamic balance regulation and the risk of falling in physically active adult and elderly women.METHOD: This is a non-probabilistic and intentional cross-sectional study. Thirty four women (51.90±15.84 years) enrolled in a gym attended. The population evaluated was stratified in age groups: 20-59 years (n=18) and 60 69 years (n=16). The gait was evaluated by the Time Up and Go (TUGs), Time Up and Go manual (TUGm), and Time Up and Go cognitive (TUGc), the balance by the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and Body Balance Test (TEC). RESULTS: Student’s t-test showed significant differences between age groups for comorbidities: hearing, vision, vertigo, labyrinthitis (p≤0.05). Comparatively, adult women showed better performance indices than older women in physical tests. According to the standards of the tests, there was no risk of falling for any group. However, regardless of age, a detailed examination of the TEC test showed a deficit in the sensory regulation of the visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems of the static and dynamic balance of fallers and non fallers (p≤0.05). The logistic regression analysis indicated the interoceptive regulation of the dynamic balance as a predictor of fall (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Deficits in the vestibular and somatosensory systems gradually potentiate the risk of falls in adult and elderly women, even if they remain physically active.

Lower grip strength and dynamic body balance in women with distal radial fractures

SummaryIn this case-control study, we concluded that women with distal radial fractures who were surgically treated showed lower grip strength and dynamic body balancing than those of controls. These results suggest that measurements of grip strength and dynamic body balance may be useful screening tools to assess future fracture risk.IntroductionPatients with distal radial fractures (DRFs) are at risk of future fragility fractures. However, their physical characteristics and tendencies for falls remain unclear. We aimed to compare the physical characteristics of women with and without distal radial fractures.MethodsWe included 128 women with a DRF as their first fragility fracture (fracture group) who underwent surgical treatment. Concurrently, 128 age- and sex-matched participants without a history of fragility fractures were selected as controls (control group). The participants underwent assessments of grip strength and the body balancing ability test. Measurements were taken twice in the fracture group, at 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively, and once in the control group. The body balancing ability test included the Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go test (TUG), 2-Step test (2ST), and Timed Uni-pedal Stance test. The participants also completed questionnaires about their health.ResultsThere were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in patient characteristics between the groups. The fracture group showed lower grip strength across all age groups. In the DRF group, prolonged TUG time was observed at 2 weeks postoperatively in all age groups and at 6 months in participants aged 55–74 years; the 2ST score was significantly lower in participants aged between 65 and 74 years.ConclusionsWomen with DRF demonstrated lower grip strength and dynamic body balancing ability. Lower grip strength and dynamic body balancing ability were identified as significant risk factors in women with DRF, suggesting that these may be useful screening tools to assess fracture risk.

EFFECT OF ARM SWING EXERCISES ON CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE AND BALANCE OF OLDER WOMEN

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of arm swing exercises (ASE) on cardiovascular response and dynamic body balance of older women. 4 villages were randomly selected. The total population was 128 participants divided into 64 older women from two villages in the experimental group, another 64 older women from another two villages in the control group. The experimental group participated in the evening ASE program, five days a week, lasted for six months. The ASE program began with warming up for 5 minutes, swinging arms for 30 minutes, and gradually cooling down for another 5 minutes. Data collection consisted of pre and post-data collection before and after six months of the ASE program exercise. The collected data were validated by the experienced researcher. An independent t-test was used to compare the mean of both groups before participating in the ASE program. An intention-to-treat analysis was used for last observation carried forward missing data. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the mean of both groups and Paired t-test within the group. After 6 months of exercising, the cardiovascular response and body balancing of both groups were measured. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of participants in the experimental group were declined at 5.64 and 6.72 mmHg. respectively while there was only slightly changed in the control group of which statistically was not significant. In addition, the resting heart rates of the participants in the experimental group declined to 6.76 beats /minute and their body balancing has improved. Therefore, the ASE program can be effective to improve BP, HR, and body balancing of older women.