Body Balance Research Articles

Common Knee Injuries and Preventive Measures for Adolescent Badminton Players during Training

In recent years, an increasing number of enthusiasts have embarked on badminton, particularly adolescents who have chosen as a career path in hopes of achieving excellent results on the court. However, due to variations in badminton coaching standards and differing instructional philosophies, many adolescent badminton players are repeatedly plagued by various injuries throughout their careers, with lower limb injuries being particularly prevalent (accounting for approximately 58% of all injuries). Among these lower limb injuries, more than half involve the ankles and knees, significantly impacting their careers. This paper focuses on common knee injuries experienced by adolescent badminton players, such as anterior cruciate ligament tears, meniscus injuries, and muscle strains. To effectively prevent these injuries, a series of scientific and systematic training recommendations are proposed. These include functional training of the muscles surrounding the knee joint, such as single-leg Romanian deadlifts and Bulgarian split squats, which help improve knee stability and thereby reduce the risk of injury. Additionally, functional training of the core deep stabilizing muscles, such as diaphragmatic breathing exercises and the Dead Bug exercise based on diaphragmatic breathing, is recommended to enhance the strength and stability of the core musculature and improve body balance, thereby lowering the incidence of knee injuries and achieving preventive effects. The aim is to provide effective preventive measures for knee injuries to adolescent badminton players, reducing their risk of injury and promoting the healthy development of the careers, provide a useful reference for scientific training and rehabilitation in badminton.

Post-operative rehabilitation in a hospital setting for people with scoliosis: a narrative review

Introduction: Idiopathic scoliosis, known as a three-dimensional alteration in the shape and position of the spine, is highly prevalent in children and adolescents. It causes major motor, respiratory, social and psychological limitations. After determining the degree and location of the scoliosis, corrective surgery may be indicated in the most advanced situations.Objective: Identify rehabilitation programs to be implemented for people undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis, in the post-operative period, in a hospital setting.Methods: A narrative review was carried out using a bibliographic search on EBSCOhost, with the words: scoliosis, hospitalization, postoperative period, rehabilitation, nursing, functionality, exercises, physical, postural and pulmonary, over the last 5 years.Results: The 9 studies included were mostly primary, focused on knowledge and instruction for people with scoliosis, the importance of respiratory and motor rehabilitation, body balance and self-care in activities of daily living. Several authors suggest building rehabilitation protocols for people with scoliosis, from pre- to post-surgery, due to the gains in functionality and quality of life that can be achieved.Conclusions: The core areas of rehabilitation intervention for people undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis in the post-operative period are functional respiratory re-education, functional motor re-education and re-education of body balance and self-care.

Role of Rough Neutrosophic Attribute Reduction with Deep Learning-Based Enhanced Kidney Disease Diagnosis

The kidneys have an important role in keeping blood pressure, electrolyte sense, and acid-base sense of body balance to remove toxins from our body. Malfunction is responsible for irrelevant to life-threatening diseases, along with malfunction in the other functional organs. As a result, scholars worldwide have committed to finding methods for effectively diagnosing and accurately treating chronic kidney disease. As machine learning (ML) classifier is widely deployed in the healthcare field for diagnoses, also CKD is now involved in the collection of disorders that could be predicted through the ML classifier. Neutrosophic logic (NL) can be employed as a form of logic that expands classical, fuzzy, and intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IF) by integrating a third constituent: indeterminacy. It enables data handling and representation with three dissimilar membership functions: truth (T), indeterminacy (I), and false (F). The complete set is independent and may differ in the interval [0, 1], providing a convoluted strategy to handle, data incompleteness, vagueness and uncertainty. This makes NL especially relevant in complicated systems where data might be partially unknown, ambiguous, or inconsistent. This article employs a Rough Neutrosophic Attribute Reduction with Deep Learning based Enhanced Kidney Disease Diagnosis (RNSAR-DLKDD) technique. Initially, the RNSAR-DLKDD technique reduces the attributes via the RNSAR technique. Followed by, the detection and classification of kidney disease take place using long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Finally, the hyperparameter selection process is carried out via crow search algorithm (CSA). To highlight the performance of the RNSAR-DLKDD technique, a series of experiments were involved. The extensive results inferred the betterment of the RNSAR-DLKDD technique over other models

Rehabilitation With Bridging Exercise In Stroke Patients: Systematic Review

Background: Stroke is a neurological disease that can result in weakness in part or all of the body, emphasizing the importance of early mobilization in post-stroke recovery. One of the fundamental physical exercises recommended is the bridging exercise. This article evaluates the impact of bridging exercises on stroke patients through a systematic review approach, focusing on their potential to improve rehabilitation outcomes. Methods: The methodology involved a systematic review of studies from 2020 to 2024, using journal databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. Keywords like "Bridging exercise," "Stroke," "Stroke patients," "Rehabilitation," "Muscle strength," and "Body balance" guided the search. Articles included in the review were in English and selected based on PRISMA guidelines, resulting in seven eligible studies for analysis. Results: The results of this review highlight that bridging exercises significantly improve muscle strength and body balance among stroke patients. The exercises demonstrated a positive influence on patients' rehabilitation progress, contributing to better physical and functional health outcomes. Conclusion: In conclusion, bridging exercises serve as an effective intervention in stroke rehabilitation, promoting early mobilization and improving post-stroke recovery. Encouraging stroke patients to incorporate these exercises into their rehabilitation routines could enhance overall health and functional capabilities.

The influence of Taijiquan on athletes’ body control ability was analyzed based on sports biomechanics

Background: The growing number of Taijiquan practitioners has sparked considerable curiosity from studies on the responsibility of Taijiquan exercise. Numerous researches have been undertaken using various methods to examine the impact of Taijiquan on physical and mental wellbeing. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to look at the biomechanical effects of Taijiquan practice on athletes’ ability to control their body equilibrium. Methods: 160 athletes (90 experimental groups and 70 control group) were assigned by chance to two groups. There were no significant variations in age, height, weight, or training time. The experimental group undergoes Taijiquan exercises for 8 months. The control group didn’t perform any exercises. After 8 months, athletes in the two groups were tested for the Functional Reach Test (FRT), Stork Stand Test (SST), and plantar pressure measurement (PPM) and paired t-test. Results: The experimental group demonstrated improved FRT, SST, and PPM, indicating that Taijiquan practice improved equilibrium and stability during accomplishment activities. The experimental group demonstrated longer bearing maintenance, stability control, and a smaller average pressure area, indicating more capable pressure. Additionally, creative stability measurements were lower, indicating improved foot stability and control. Conclusion: Overall, the data indicates that the Taijiquan training considerably improves athletes’ body balance organizing ability, with positive impacts on both dynamic and static balance actions.

The Potential Metalloestrogenic Effect of Aluminum on Breast Cancer Risk for Antiperspirant Users.

The etiopathogenesis of breast cancer depends on genetic conditions, but recently more attention has been paid to the dependence of BC on certain environmental factors, for example, metalloestrogens, which include aluminum (Al) contained in antiperspirants used daily. The use of Al derivatives in antiperspirants in concentrations specified by the FDA, as well as European regulations (SCCS, 2020), do not classify Al as a hazardous and carcinogenic substance for humans. However, Al used to treat excessive sweating raises concerns, as many in vitro studies indicate that it can cause gene instability, change gene expression or increase oxidative stress, and also affect the body's hormonal balance as a metalloestrogen. The environmental reality is that the breast is constantly exposed to many different chemicals, such as Al. This article reviews the literature to determine whether Al-based products can harm the body, as there are many facts and myths on the subject. The aim of the study is to present the current state of knowledge on the use of aluminum antiperspirants and the risk of breast cancer (BC). The article is based on data from the scientific literature, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, as well as Science Direct, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMbase. It includes articles published in the years 2003-2023 mainly in English. Literature databases regarding human and animal studies were searched. To sum up, evaluating the effect of Al as a risk factor for breast cancer requires many studies using different research models focused on long-term exposure to Al-containing antiperspirants. Consumers are advised to limit their exposure to Al by making a conscious choice to minimize exposure to this compound.

Survey of Geriatric Competencies and Curricular Models in Entry-Level DPT Programs in the United States.

Nearly 2 decades have elapsed since the last national survey examining entry-level PT geriatric content. Furthermore, no survey has been completed investigating the extent to which the "Essential Competencies in the Care of Older Adults at the Completion of Entry-level Physical Therapist Professional Program of Study" were incorporated into DPT programs. The purpose of this study is to identify the extent to which DPT programs include geriatric topics and the Essential Competencies within curricula and determine geriatric content requiring proficiency for entry-level practice. A survey was developed in Qualtrics™ and distributed via email 4 times over 2 months in 2023 to DPT program chairs and APTA social media platforms. The survey contained sections on geriatric curriculum models, environment of content coverage, incorporation of Essential Competencies, and skills requiring entry-level proficiency. Data analysis was completed using descriptive statistics. Responses were received from 134/276 programs. Seventy-nine and nine tenths percent of responding programs have a dedicated geriatric course, 93.4% of which require 1 geriatric course, with a mean of 2.6 credits (SD 1.02). In programs without dedicated geriatric courses, a mean of 2.7 credit hours (SD 2.88) of geriatric content was reported. Eighty-nine percent of programs cover age-related changes to major body systems and balance and fall screening, with<60% addressing interventions for cognition and social isolation. Of the surveyed Essential Competencies, 80.4% were incorporated into>70% of programs. A total of 31.6% of the tests and measures were taught, 15.8% were practiced, and 10.5% were identified by>70% of programs as requiring proficiency for entry-level practice. There is variation in geriatric content incorporated into entry-level DPT programs and moderately robust uptake of Essential Competencies. Entry-level education may not meet APTA-Geriatrics Best Practice guidelines with relatively few tests, measures, and interventions recommended with consensus to be proficient prior to entry-level practice. Improved knowledge translation and curricular guidance may help reduce practice variation and enhance entry-level education in geriatric physical therapy.

Bathing Practices as a Religious and Medical Encounter: Water, Climate and Health Across Monsoon Asia

This study explores the intersection between religious and medical bathing practices across Monsoon Asia, with particularly reference to āyurvedic and Buddhist traditions. While previous scholarship has emphasised the ritualistic and social dimensions of bathing in Brahmanical and Buddhist contexts, this article complements it with discussions of its medicinal and healing functions, as outlined in classical texts and displayed in material culture. The research highlights how bathing was considered essential for maintaining bodily balance—a concept analogous to humoral theory in Galenic medicine—across different climatic and environmental conditions, particularly during the monsoon season. The article further examines the transregional circulation and localisation of these practices, considering how diverse Asian cultures adapted Indic bathing traditions to their unique climatic and cultural contexts. Notably, the study addresses the complex interplay between religious doctrines, health and environmental factors, drawing connections between āyurvedic principles and Buddhist medical discourses. The findings suggest that while the notion of balance in bathing practices was widespread, its interpretation and implementation varied significantly across regions, reflecting local environmental and cultural influences. Through a comparative analysis of sources from South Asia, China and Southeast Asia, this article provides a nuanced understanding of how religio-medical bathing practices were shaped by and responded to the diverse climatic realities of Monsoon Asia.

Is There a Relationship Between Physical Performance Factors and Adverse Reactions to Foodstuffs? The ALASKA Study.

Background/Objectives: An optimal physical condition has beneficial effects in adults at risk of chronic diseases. However, research data on how adverse reactions to food (ARFSs) are linked to physical performance are lacking. The aims of this study were (a) to investigate the prevalence of ARFS according to age; (b) to analyze physical performance level according to the type of ARFS; and (c) to determine the probability of having a positive ARFS according to physical performance levels. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 254 Spanish adults (61% women; mean age 43.7 ± 13 y) scoring ≥ 6 in PSIMP-ARFSQ-10 (pathologies and symptomatology questionnaire associated with adverse reactions to foodstuffs) was conducted in the region of Madrid, Spain, following the ALASKA study protocol. Immune-mediated variables used to measure ARFS were sIgE and sIgG4 antibody reactions (AbR) (type 1 and type 2 food hypersensitivities, respectively); non-immune-mediated variables used to measure ARFS were lactose intolerance and fructose malabsorption. Physical performance variables were body balance, leg power, sit-to-stand speed, resting heart rate, handgrip strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: The most prevalent sIgE- and sIgG4-mediated ARFSs were against legumes (53% and 46%; 60% and 68% in subjects with ≤45 y and >45 y, respectively). Handgrip strength was significantly lower in subjects positive for lactose intolerance compared to subjects negative for lactose intolerance (p < 0.05). Both the positive mean sIgE and sIgG4 AbR were significantly associated with high physical performance (p < 0.05). Subjects with high physical performance showed a 1.5-fold increase in the odds of the positive mean total sIgE and positive sIgG4 AbR against legumes. Conclusions: In conclusion, subjects aged 45 or younger had a higher prevalence of total type 1 and type 2 food hypersensitivities than subjects older than 45 y. Positive lactose intolerance was linked to lower values of handgrip strength. Subjects with high physical performance, whether male or female, aged ≤45 years, or with a BMI of ≥25, showed significant odds of experiencing type 1 food hypersensitivity to nuts.

Update in association between Lung Cancer and air pollution.

A significant portion of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases occur in populations exposed to air pollution. The World Health Organization has identified air pollution as a human carcinogen, prompting many countries to implement monitoring systems for ambient particulate matter (PM). PM consists of a complex mix of organic and inorganic particles, both solid and liquid, present in the air. Given the carcinogenic properties of PM and the prevalence of lung cancer in exposed populations, it is crucial to explore their connection and clinical implications to effectively prevent lung cancer in this group. This review examines the link between ambient PM and lung cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown a dose-response relationship between PM exposure and lung cancer risk. PM exposure leads to oxidative stress, disrupting the body's redox balance and causing DNA damage, a key factor in cancer development. Recent findings on the strong correlation between ambient PM and adenocarcinoma suggest that understanding the specific molecular and pathological background of pollution-related lung cancer is important. In addition to efforts to control emission sources at the international level, a more individualized approach is necessary to prevent PM-related lung cancer development.

Computer vision: applications in Biomedical Engineering

The focus of this study is the presentation of two systems, which use computer vision techniques. In the first, the authors applied these techniques to the acquisition and processing system of ovitrap images. However, the second system is a physiotherapeutic evaluation platform for dynamic monitoring of body balance. By using a depth image of the patient (based on a 3D camera), the algorithm can predict the exact positions of the joints of an individual, without temporal information. The two studies described presented showed promising results, which demonstrated that computer vision techniques are of great importance. The experiments with the Aedes Aegypti mosquito egg has allowed accurate detection and counting of them. The experiments with body balance analysis has allowed the tracking of the center of mass of an individual during physiotherapeutic exercises. Software has detected the movement of the center of mass, satisfying a physiotherapeutic need. The techniques developed for computer vision have many possible applications in different areas and different populations, not only in the areas presented in this study.

A034: Relationship Between Motor Competence and Physical Activity in Children Aged 3-6 with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Background/Purpose: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a specific motor function developmental disorder. Motor performance and motor learning in children with DCD lag behind that of typically developing (TD) children. Research has shown that motor competence (MC) in childhood can predict future physical activity (PA). However, there is controversy about the level of PA in early childhood with DCD, and it is not clear whether MC can predict PA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the differences between MC and PA of 3-6 year old DCD children and TD children, and to explore the relationship between MC and PA of DCD children. Methods: A total of 90 children aged 3-6 with DCD in a hospital were selected, and 90 children with TD were selected as the control group using gender and age as matching factors. The MC of children were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children and the Test of Gross Motor Development; PA of children was investigated using the Questionnaire of Parents of Physical Activities of Young Children. Independent samples t-tests and nonparametric tests were used to compare the MC and PA of DCD children and TD children, respectively; partial correlation and linear regression were used to explore the relationship between MC and PA in children with DCD. Results: The scores of manual dexterities, aiming and catching, body balance ability, and locomotor skills in DCD children were lower than those in TD children (P &lt; 0.05). There was no difference between DCD children and TD children in total PA and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) outside school (P &gt; 0.05); DCD children's manual dexterity and locomotor skills were positively correlated with weekend MVPA (r = 0.237, 0.260, P &lt; 0.05), aiming and catching were positively correlated with MVPA outside school on weekdays (r = 0.274, P = 0.010); locomotor skills (β = 0.264, P = 0.038), aiming and catching (β = 0.287, P = 0.010) had predictive effects on MVPA on weekends and outside school on weekdays, respectively. Conclusion/Discussion: The DCD children exhibited lower MC compared to the TD children, yet their levels of PA were like those of the TD children, indicating that a deficit in PA does not seem to exist in early childhood. In addition, aiming, catching, and locomotor skills of children with DCD can promote PA. This indicates that the early intervention of DCD should be based on the development of MC, and a personalized intervention plan should be developed to promote the healthy growth of DCD.

The Lateralized Vestibular Stimulation: Effect on Mood, Cognition, and Autonomic States in Mental Disorders

The vestibular system in the inner ear senses the body's movements, which is essential for regulating reflex movements and body balance at the brain stem level. Still, it is also critical in regulating high brain functions, including mental states, motivation, mood, cognition, and reasoning. This article reviews the neuro-functional effects of lateralized vestibular stimulation in three main brain areas involved in mental disorders: the parieto–insular–vestibular cortex (PIVC), the hippocampus, and the hypothalamus. We discuss its implications for the performance of high-demanding works and possible therapeutic applications in psychiatric patients.

EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF PANASA (ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS LAM.) PAKWA PHALA AND BEEJA MAJJA ON SPERMATOGENESIS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS.

Ayurveda is a holistic medicinal system from India that emphasises the balance of mind, body, and spirit for health maintenance. It heavily relies on local flora, herbs, and natural remedies, focusing on personalised treat-ments. One significant plant in Ayurvedic medicine is Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam, commonly known as jackfruit or ‘Panasa’ in Sanskrit. This plant is widely utilised for its culinary and medicinal properties, including applications such as Brmhana, Mamsavardhaka, Balya, Sukrala, and Vrana Ropana. Jackfruit is rich in pro-teins, fats, iron, carbohydrates, minerals, calcium, thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, vitamin C, and vitamin A. Moreover, many classical texts have documented the Vrshya action of Panasa Pakwa Phala and Beeja Majja. This study aimed to conduct a comparative experimental evaluation of the Vrshya effects of Panasa Pakwa Phala and Beeja Majja on spermatogenesis. Objective: Comparative Experimental study to evaluate Spermato-genic activity of Pakwa Phala (Fruit) and Beeja Majja (Seed) of Panasa (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.).Materials and method: The collection of Artocarpus heterophyllus fruits and seeds was done from the natural habitat of the Udupi district and authenticated. The experimental study assessed the comparative sper-matogenic activity of Panasa Pakwa Phala and Beeja Majja upon internal administration. Result and Discus-sion: In the experimental study, rats given Panasa Pakwa Phala exhibited a significant increase in body weight, a non-significant increase in sperm count, sluggish motility, and a decrease in non-motile sperm. Notably, there was a substantial reduction in amorphous head sperm and a non-significant rise in hookless sperm. Conversely, rats treated with Panasa Beeja also showed increased body weight but had different results in sperm motility and morphology, with a significant decrease in normal sperm morphology. This activity profile indicates the presence of a spermatogenesis effect more in the test drug Panasa Pakwa Phala than in Panasa Beeja. Con-clusion: The experimental study demonstrated statistically significant results regarding the internal use of Panasa Pakwa Phala and Beeja Majja, showing positive effects on various parameters. The spermatogenesis effect is more important with the Panasa Pakwa Phala test drug than Panasa Beeja.

Substantia nigra alterations in mice modeling Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system. The well-known abnormalities characteristic of PD are dysfunctions in the nigrostriatal system including the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the striatum. Moreover, in PD persons, alpha-synucleinopathy is associated with abnormalities in the dopaminergic brain system. To study the mechanisms of this pathology, genetic models in mice have been designed. Transgenic mice of the B6.Cg-Tg(Prnp-SNCA*A53T)23Mkle/J strain (referred to as B6.Cg-Tg further in the text) possess the A53T mutation in the human alpha-synuclein SNCA gene. The density of neurons in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra and striatum in B6.Cg-Tg mice was assessed in our previous work, but the dopaminergic system was not studied there, although it plays a key role in the development of PD. The aim of the current study was to investigate motor coordination and body balance, as well as dopaminergic neuronal density and alpha-synuclein accumulation in the substantia nigra in male B6.Cg-Tg mice at the age of six months. Wild-type mice of the same sex and age, siblings of the B6.Cg-Tg mice from the same litters, lacking the SNCA gene with the A53T mutation, but expressing murine alpha-synuclein, were used as controls (referred to as the wild type further in the text). Motor coordination and body balance were assessed with the rota-rod test; the density of dopaminergic neurons and accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the substantia nigra were evaluated by the immunohistochemical method. There was no difference between B6.Cg-Tg mice and WT siblings in motor coordination and body balance. However, accumulation of alpha-synuclein and a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra were found in the B6.Cg-Tg mouse strain. Thus, the mice of the B6.Cg-Tg strain at the age of six months have some symptoms of the onset of PD, such as the accumulation of mutant alpha-synuclein and a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Taken together, the results obtained in our work qualify the B6.Cg-Tg strain as a pertinent model for studying the early stage of human PD already at the age of six months.

Recycle of residual ammonium from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth tailings via an efficient combined method of elution, struvite precipitation and on-line adsorption

Large amounts of residual ammonium existed in the tailings after the in situ leaching of the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore, implying serious pollution and destructive impacts on the ecological balance of the water bodies in the mining area. To solve the above problem, a novel combined elution and struvite precipitation method was employed to recycle the residual ammonium from the tailings followed by resin-based adsorption processes to reuse the excessive eluent of Mg2+ and the precipitant of PO43−P. Results showed that 674.9 mg/kg of the residual ammonium could be eluted from the rare earth tailings by using Mg2+ as the eluent, and the optimum conditions for ammonium precipitation were at the temperature of 15‐25 °C, the initial pH of 9.0, and the Mg: N: P molar ratio of 1.8:1:2. About 93.5% of the eluted ammonium could be recycled from the leachate by adding appropriate amount of PO43−P. The excessive Mg2+ and PO43−P was absorbed by using the 001*7 and D301resin, which showed adsorption capacity of 23.1 mg/g for Mg2+ and 70.5 mg/g for PO43−P, respectively. After the treatment, both the excess eluent and precipitant could be reused, which reduce the cost and improve the treatment efficiency. This study provides a new idea for the green restoration of rare earth tailings, which had important engineering and ecological significance.

The impact of various subtypes of temporomandibular disorders on body balance – preliminary study

BackgroundBalance disorders are considered a serious diagnostic challenge, with many potential causes. The influence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) on postural balance has numerous anatomical, biomechanical, physiological and functional argumentation, however, cohort studies on this subject do not give unambiguous results. It is suggested that only some forms of TMD may affect the body balance. Research question: Will body balance parameters differ in patients with particular subtypes of temporomandibular disorders and without temporomandibular disorders? Methods: cohort study. A total of 25 participants with TMD (9 with myofascial subtype; 9 with disc disorders subtype; 7 with mixed diagnosis) and 11 participants without TMD (control group) diagnosed by Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD were assessed for body balance changes using force platform FreeMED MAXI ground reaction force platform (Sensor Medica; Guidonia Montecelio, Roma, Italia) under different mandibular conditions (rest position, clenching, clenching on cotton rolls). For the statistical analysis, the postural sway area of the Center of Pressure (COP) and its velocity were used. Results: The greatest differences in the sway area of the COP and its velocity were noticed when comparing the control group and the group with myofascial disorders. Statistically significant differences regarding the sways of COP in different mandible conditions were also shown by intragroup analyses in the group with myofascial and mixed forms. Both the results of the intra- and intra-group analyses shows that the involvement of the muscular factor may determine the occurrence of deviations in the body balance. Significance: The results of the project may extend the diagnosis of patients with balance disorders to the diagnosis of the masticatory system to accurately determine the source of the patient's problem.

Prevalence and correlates of meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and its associations with physical fitness and depressive symptoms among adults: a provincial surveillance in China

Background24-hour movement behaviors integrating physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are important components influencing adults’ health. Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for adults were launched in 2020. However, there is little evidence on the prevalence and correlates of guideline compliance and its associations with health outcomes among Chinese adults. The purposes of this study were to investigate the prevalence and correlates of meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and examine its association with physical fitness and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults.MethodsA total of 7059 adults (45.73 ± 14.56 years, age range: 20–79 years, 52% female) were recruited by stratified cluster random sampling from health surveillance of Hubei, China, between 25-Jul and 19-Nov 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire including movement behaviors (PA, SB, and sleep), depressive symptoms, and demographic information. In addition, eight objectively measured physical fitness tests (body mass index, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage, vital capacity, handgrip strength, flexibility, balance, and choice reaction time) were conducted. SPSS 28.0 was used to perform Generalized Linear Mixed Models analysis to examine the correlates of movement guidelines and its association with fitness and depressive symptoms.Results25.54% of participants met all three movement guidelines, while 48.62% met only two, 23.10% met one, and 2.75% met none. Participants who were older adults (OR = 2.24; P = .017), unmarried (OR = 0.21; P < .001), and living near PA facilities (OR = 1.58; P = .017) were more likely to meet all three movement guidelines. Meeting more movement recommendations was associated with less likelihood of depressive symptoms (OR = 0.41; P < .001), while no significant associations were observed between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and physical fitness indicators (P > .05).ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate the need to promote adherence to all movement guidelines among Chinese adults. Future promoting strategies to meet movement guidelines should emphasize the demographic differences of the targeting population, especially age, marital status, and accessibility of PA facilities. Future interventions should be applied to affirm the effects of compliance with overall 24-hour movement guidelines to mitigate depressive symptoms among adults.

Biomechanical changes in the lumbar and hip joint after curved periacetabular osteotomy.

The alignment of the spine and pelvis significantly impacts overall body balance; therefore, alterations in hip and lumbar spine biomechanics following curved acetabular osteotomy (CPO) can help surgeons optimize acetabular correction. To achieve this goal, we conducted patient-specific finite element analyses to compare hip and lumbar disc contact pressure (CP) between patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and healthy individuals. Additionally, we examined the influence of CPO on the CP of both the hip and lumbar discs in patients with DDH. We conducted finite element analyses of the hip and lumbar spine before and after CPO and compared them with those of a healthy human model. Subsequently, we simulated CPO on the preoperative model. Nonlinear contact analysis was employed to calculate the CP of the acetabular cartilage and lumbar discs during a single-leg stance. The maximum and average acetabular CP in patients with DDH were 5.4MPa and 4.5MPa, respectively. The average CP for the five lumbar discs were 3MPa, 2.5MPa, 2MPa, 3.5MPa, and 4.4MPa. In contrast, the maximum and average acetabular CP in normal subjects were 3.7MPa and 2.1MPa, respectively, and the average CP of their lumbar discs were 1MPa, 2 MPA, 1.88MPa, 2.1MPa, and 2.1MPa, respectively. After CPO, the maximum and average CP of the hip decreased, as did the average CP of the lumbar discs. The maximum and average compressive stress of the acetabulum decreased to 3.79MPa and 2.3MPa, respectively, and the average compressive stress of the five intervertebral discs decreased to 1.96MPa, 0.79MPa, 0.78MPa, 1.13MPa, and 3.14MPa, respectively. Our finite element analysis indicated that CPO effectively normalizes hip contact pressure while reducing lumbar disc contact pressure. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the specific biomechanical mechanisms underlying these changes.

Consequences of Pilates Training with and Without Yogic Practice on Body Composition Balance of Male Youth

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to find out the Consequences of Pilates Training with and without Yogic Practice on Body Composition Balance of Male youth. To achieve the purpose of this study, the researcher examined body mass index of 750 students studying in various schools of Virajpet, kodoga, Karnataka and found out 200 obese students. Out of these 200 obese students, 80 obese students were selected at random; their age ranged from 15 to 17 years as per the school records. The selected subjects were divided into three experimental groups and a control group with twenty subjects in (n=20) each. Experimental Group I (PTG-20) underwent Pilates training, Experimental Group II (YTG-20) underwent yoga training, Experimental Group III (PTYTG-20) underwent combination of Pilates and yoga training and Group IV served as control group (CG) for the training period of 12 weeks. All the subjects were informed about the nature of the study and their consent was obtained to co-operate till the end of the experiment and testing period. Pilot study groups and experimental groups (namely PTG, YTG and PTYTG) were given training independently with separate subjects in each group. A qualified physician examined the subjects medically and declared them fit for the study. The subjects were free to withdraw their consent in case they felt any discomfort during the period of their participation, but there were no dropouts. The body composition was measured by anthropometric measures and balance is measured by physical performance test, as a result of two training programmes, the following improvements occurred on body composition and balance among the obese students. It was concluded from the results of the study that the Pilates, yoga training and combined training showed significant improvement in balance, when compared with control group as well as pre-test. Due to the influence of Pilates, yoga training and combined training significantly reduced the body fat percentage, when compared with control group as well as pre-test. Combined training was identified as the best training and was a suitable training system to improve all the selected criterion variables when compared to the Pilates and yoga training. Pilates training methods were identified as one of the methods to improve all the selected dependent variables.