Body Type Research Articles

Разработка вибрационного рабочего органа глубокорыхлителя

The article considers the design of a vibrating working body of a subsoiler, developed for a method of tillage that improves energy and agrotechnical performance. Deep loosening of the soil allows to improve the quality of tillage. Based on the results of the analysis of the working bodies of the tools and methods for reducing the traction resistance of deep diggers (according to the type of working body, the layout of the working bodies on the frame of the tool, the use of vibration of the working bodies), a design solution is proposed that will significantly reduce the traction resistance of the soil to the working body, – the use of vibration in the proposed design using vibrators, which will allow, including It is necessary to reduce energy costs when performing basic tillage. The study of the properties of cultivated soils using vibration made it possible to substantiate, in accordance with the purpose set in the work, a constructive scheme for transmitting vibration to the working body of a tillage. A mathematical model is proposed for determining the traction resistance of a deep loader, which allows calculating the magnitude of the forces acting on the rack of the working body, as well as on a component of its design – a vibrating chisel. The refinement of the traction resistance of the chisel by the resulting centrifugal force of inertia of its rotating element (eccentric) makes it possible to assess the degree of vibration of the working body on the soil. When determining the parameters of the mathematical model, the values of the parameters of the working bodies of deep-diggers and chisels in the conditions of stony soils of the Southern Urals were used. For the calculated scheme of the working body, its design parameters were determined, and a significant decrease in the traction resistance of the chisel gun using a vibrating chisel was obtained. An experimental study of the designed and manufactured prototype of a working organ with a vibrating chisel, conducted in laboratory conditions in accordance with an updated methodology, confirmed the calculated data on reducing traction resistance and improving agrotechnical soil parameters.

Diversity of planktonic pro- and microeukaryotes in water bodies of the Volga-Don basin during the period of cyanobacterial bloom according to metabarcoding data

The first data on the phylogenetic diversity of planktonic communities of pro- and microeukaryotes in different types of water bodies of the Volga-Don basin during the period of cyanobacterial bloom are presented. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae/Dolichospermum flos-aquae blooms were found mainly in the Kuibyshev Reservoir; Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in floodplain lakes of the majority of investigated rivers. Bloom of Raphidiopsis raciborskii was found in a lake on the Volga River terrace, and in a pond in the floodplain of the Samara River Anabaenopsis dominated anong Cyanobacteria. Among heterotrophic prokaryotes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Verrucomicrobiota, Planctomycetota and Actinobacteriota predominate in the number of sequences, and among protists - Ciliophora, Gyrista (mainly Chrysophyceae), Cryptista and Myzozoa. During the period of cyanobacterial bloom, the contributions of Proteobacteria (especially, Burkholderiales and Pseudomonadales) and Actinobacteriota slightly decrease, while Myzozoa, on the contrary, increase. Monodominant blooms of various species of cyanobacteria significantly change the composition and structure of microbial communities, both at the OTUs and higher taxa levels. The plankton of the pond with Anabaenopsis bloom is most peculiar. Communities with blooms of P. agardhii, R. raciborskii and A. flos-aquae/D. flos-aquae are more similar to each other.

CT findings in seven dogs with perforating wooden skewer foreign bodies from the gastrointestinal tract.

Perforating foreign bodies from the gastrointestinal tract, such as wooden skewers, are reported in the small animal literature producing inflammatory/infectious lesions in the thorax, abdomen, and musculoskeletal system, which can be life-threatening in some instances. Several imaging modalities have been used, and advanced imaging techniques have shown a great advantage in its diagnosis and pre-surgical planning. The objective of this study is to describe the computed tomographic findings in a group of seven medium to large breed dogs with perforating wooden skewers and foreign bodies migrated from the gastrointestinal tract. The medical records database was searched for dogs with a suspected diagnosis of a perforating wooden foreign body migrated from the gastrointestinal tract in which a computed tomographic study was performed. Signalment, history, and clinicopathological findings (when available) were retrieved, and the computed tomographic studies were reviewed. Clinical signs vary depending on the anatomical regions affected through the perforating pathway. All foreign bodies were identified and showed a median attenuation of 79 HU, with the most common localization being the stomach followed by the jejunum. Peritoneal fat stranding surrounding the perforation site was the most frequent computed tomographic finding. The presence of peritoneal free fluid and/or gas was uncommon. Pleural effusion, pulmonary perforation, and pneumothorax were present in most of the cases with the foreign body traversing the pleural space. Pulmonary cavitary lesions were always reported when the ending tip of the wooden skewer was within the pulmonary parenchyma. Soft tissue abscessation was recognized in all cases where the ending tip was lodged in muscular or subcutaneous tissues. Findings supported the variability of the secondary lesions caused by this type of foreign body and the utility of computed tomography in their recognition, as well as in the identification of the wooden skewer.

Distribution of Algae According to Habitat Preferences in Saline Coastal Reservoirs of Pryazov National Natural Park (Ukraine)

This study focused on the distribution of algae in the saline coastal water bodies of Pryazov National Nature Park according to their habitat preferences. This research revealed that aquatic species form the basis of the algal flora. Among these, diatoms were predominant in terms of species richness and frequency of occurrence. In the lake-type estuaries and ephemeral water bodies, an increased number of amphibious species were found, which can be attributed to the fluctuating water level. Among the amphibious species, <i>Cyanoprokaryota</i> representatives dominate. Hierarchical clustering of the water bodies demonstrated a connection between the species composition of algae and the type of water body, which is consistent with their genesis and transformation.

Bivalve mollusks (mollusca, bivalvia) indicators of different types of reservoir bodies and watermarks of the rivers basin of Uzbekistan

As a result of studying different types of reservoirs and watercourses of rivers in Uzbekistan, the species composition of indicator bivalve mollusks was established, belonging to 24 species, 3 subspecies, 11 genera and 5 families. 10 species and 3 subspecies of them are large, the rest 14 are small bivalves. All of them are good water biofilters. The majority of biofilters inhabit reservoirs and canals (11 species), but in the latter there are more α – mesasaprobic mollusks and they are more polluted, and the anthropogenic influence is clearly manifested here. In terms of water pollution, the rivers are classified as moderately polluted classes III – IV; differences in the composition of saprobic species in the middle and lower reaches of rivers have been identified. In general, the water bodies of Uzbekistan are clean and there are no polysaprobic mollusks here.

Возраст и рост обыкновенного судака Sander lucioperca в разнотипных водоемах юга Западной Сибири

The age and growth of fish are the most important characteristics underlying the assessment of the state of fish stocks and the forecasting of future catches. The pike-perch Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758) is an alien fish species in Western Siberia. It was first introduced into the Ob basin in 1956. The introduction of this species into the Novosibirsk reservoir was carried out in 1959-1964, and into Lake Chany in 1964-1966. Currently, pike-perch is spread throughout the Ob basin and is an important fishery target. This study summarizes long-term data from the Novosibirsk branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography ("VNIRO") about the growth of different-aged individuals of the pike-perch, collected during monitoring of aquatic biological resources in the Novosibirsk reservoir (54°20' N, 81°57'E) and Lake Chany (54°55'N, 77°31'E) over the last 10 years (2013-2022). These water bodies are of different types: the Novosibirsk reservoir was formed on the Ob River, the maximum depth reaches 25 m, the average depth is 8 m. The area of the reservoir is 1.07 thousand km^. Lake Chany is located in the Ob-Irtysh interfluve, drainless, filled due to the runoff of the Kargat and Chulym rivers, atmospheric precipitation and groundwater. The maximum depth is up to 8 m, average depth is 2 m. The area of the lake fluctuates greatly from year to year depending on the water level, in the long-term aspect it has tends to decrease, currently amounting to about 2 thousand km. The lake water has increased mineralization in most of the reaches. Fish collection for analysis of size characteristics is carried out annually from commercial catches. The total volume of material for this study was 2953 individuals from Lake Chany and 1102 individuals from the Novosibirsk reservoir. As a result of this work, it was found that in commercial catches in different types of water bodies in the south of Western Siberia, pike-perch has been known at the age of up to 14+ years over the last 10 years. In Lake Chany, there were mostly individuals of age groups 2+-4+, and in the Novosibirsk Reservoir - 3+-6+ (See Fig. 1). The pike-perch size of the same age from commercial catches varies greatly from one year to the next in Lake Chany, and in the Novosibirsk reservoir (See Fig. 2). It confirms the data on significant variability in growth rates of this species and indicating the need for a cautious approach to comparing the length and weight of pike perch in different observation periods. On average, over the last decade, pike-perch in Lake Chany is characterized by a slightly shorter standard length and greater weight than in the Novosibirsk Reservoir, however, the differences reach statistical significance (p < 0.001) only when comparing fish aged 2+ by standard length (See Fig. 3). The analysis of the relationship between the growth rate of pike-perch and environmental temperature showed that the absolute increase per year of standard length and weight of younger age groups fish in the Novosibirsk Reservoir has a statistically significant positive correlation with the temperature in April (r = 0.6110.775), and in Lake Chany - in May (r = 0.633-0.737) (See Tables 1, 2). Considering that the average April temperature in the area of the Novosibirsk reservoir is 1.9°C higher than in the area of Lake Chany, probably, in the latter, juvenile pike-perch begins to actively feeding a little later. It may explain the smaller sizes of pike-perch of younger age groups in Lake Chany compared to the Novosibirsk reservoir. The article contains 4 Figures, 2 Tables and 28 References. The authors express their gratitude to all colleagues - employees of the Novosibirsk Branch of "VNIRO", who over in different years took part in collecting the material. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Clinical decision support systems for 3-month mortality in elderly patients admitted to ICU with ischemic stroke using interpretable machine learning.

Elderly patients are more likely to suffer from severe ischemic stroke (IS) and have worse outcomes, including death and disability. We aimed to develop and validate predictive models using novel machine learning algorithms for the 3-month mortality in elderly patients with IS admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Data were extracted from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV and International Stroke Perfusion Imaging Registry (INSPIRE) database. Ten machine learning algorithms including Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Neural Network (NN), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNNs), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Naive Bayes (NB), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Logistic Regression (LR) were used to build the models. Performance was measured using area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy. Finally, interpretable machine learning (IML) models presenting as Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values were applied for mortality risk prediction. A total of 1826 elderly patients with IS admitted to the ICU were included in the analysis, of whom 624 (34.2%) died, and endovascular treatment was performed in 244 patients. After feature selection, a total of eight variables, including minimum Glasgow Coma Scale values, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, age, alkaline phosphatase, body mass index, platelets, and types of surgery, were finally used for model construction. The AUCs of the CatBoost model were 0.737 in the testing set and 0.709 in the external validation set. The Brier scores in the training set and testing set were 0.12 and 0.21, respectively. The IML of the CatBoost model was performed based on the SHAP value and the Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations method. The CatBoost model had the best predictive performance for predicting mortality in elderly patients with IS admitted to the ICU. The IML model would further aid in clinical decision-making and timely healthcare services by the early identification of high-risk patients.

Associations between physical activity and risk of liver cancer: results from a population-based cohort study in Chinese women

Aims : Epidemiological evidence has revealed varying degrees of relationship between physical activity and risk of most cancers, but the association between physical activity and risk for primary liver cancer in Chinese has seldom been reported. This study aims to characterize the associations between different physical activity types and liver cancer risk in Chinese women. Methods: We collected physical activity information through the physical activity questionnaire (PAQ) and assigned a corresponding metabolic equivalent value according to the physical activity compendium. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were utilized to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationships between physical activity and liver cancer. Results : A total of 72,674 females were enrolled in the cohort, with a median follow-up time of 18.12 years. By the end of 2016, 255 females were identified as incident cases of liver cancer. In Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis, total physical activity (TPA), daily living physical activity (DPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) were not associated with the liver cancer risk in women. The highest tertile vs . none of HRs (95%CIs) were 0.82 (0.58, 1.17) for TPA, 0.80 (0.56, 1.15) for DPA, and 1.15 (0.82, 1.61) for adult LTPA in terms of measures as the METs-hour/week. For each activity, we found that the HRs (95%CIs) were 0.77 (0.55, 1.08) for stair climbing and 0.78 (0.53, 1.15) for participation in housework after further adjusting for body mass index and type 2 diabetes. Conclusion : Null significant results were found in the association between physical activity and female liver cancer risk in China.

Short-term functional outcomes of robotic-assisted TKA are better with functional alignment compared to adjusted mechanical alignment.

Ligament balancing is essential to the functional outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The optimal method of alignment remains a controversial issue. The primary objective was to compare the clinical outcomes of TKA between functional and adjusted mechanical alignment techniques. The secondary objectives were to compare bone resection, robotic alignment, and radiological assessment. This was a retrospective case-control series comparing TKA performed with functional alignment (FA) and adjusted mechanical alignment (aMA). Sixty-four FA subjects were matched with 64 aMA controls. These two groups were matched for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), surgeon, and type of frontal deformity. Both surgical procedures were performed using the MAKO® haptic robotic system. Functional scores (Forgotten Joint Score (FJS), Knee Society Score (KSS), and Oxford Knee Score (OKS)) were measured at the final postoperative follow-up. A radiographic evaluation was performed at the same time. Mean FJS were respectively 63.4±25.1 [0-100] and 51.2±31.8 [0-100] in FA versus aMA group (p=0.034). Mean OKS were respectively 40.8±6.3 [21-48] and 34.9±11.8 [3-48] in FA versus aMA group (p=0.027). Mean KSS were respectively 184.9±17.0 [126-200] and 175.6±23.1 [102-200] in FA versus aMA group (p=0.02). The main residual symptom was "none" for 73.0% versus 57.8%, "instability" for 6.4% versus 21.9%, "Pain" for 19.1% versus 12.5%, and "effusion" for 1.6% and 7.8% respectively for FA and aMA group (p=0.016). There were 4 complications in the FA group versus 5 in the aMA group (p>0.999). Mean postoperative hip-knee-ankle (HKA) robotic assessment were respectively 177.3°±2.0 [172-180] and 178.2°±2.0 [173-180] for FA and aMA group (p=0.018). The median difference between HKA robotic and HKA radiological was -3.0° (IQR=3.0; p<0.001). With greater residual deformity and without release, functional alignment showed a statistically significantly better short-term clinical outcome than adjusted mechanical alignment. This difference may not be clinically significant.

The Coping Styles and Perception of Illness in Patients with Breast Cancer—Relation to Body Image and Type of Surgery

The Coping Styles and Perception of Illness in Patients with Breast Cancer—Relation to Body Image and Type of Surgery

Exploring the AGN Accretion Disks Using Continuum Reverberation Mapping

In the innermost regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), matter is understood to be flowing onto the Supermassive black hole (SMBH), which forms an accretion disk. This disk is responsible for the optical/UV continuum emission observed in the spectra of AGN. Reverberation Mapping of the accretion disk using multiple bands can yield the structure of the disk. The emission is expected to be of the black body type peaking at different wavelengths. Hence, depending on the temperature of the disk, continuous, simultaneous monitoring in multiple wavelength ranges to cover hotter inner regions and cooler outer regions can yield the structure and temperature profile of the accretion disk itself. In this study, we present initial results from our accretion disk reverberation mapping campaign targeting AGN with Super High Eddington Accreting Black Holes (SEAMBH). Our analysis on one of the sources, IRAS 04416+1215, based on the broadband observations using the Growth India telescope (GIT), reveals that the size of the accretion disk for this source, calculated by cross-correlating the continuum light curves is larger than expected from the theoretical model. We fit the light curves directly using the thin disk model available in JAVELIN and find that the disk sizes are approximately four times larger than expected from the Shakura Sunyaev (SS) disk model. Further studies are needed to understand better the structure and physics of AGN accretion disks and their role in the evolution of galaxies.

Fluid and aero-acoustic analysis of internal bays: Geometric length-to-depth effects

Weapon bays are essential for any bomber, Next Generation Fighter Aircraft, and unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs). As flow approaches the leading edge of such cavity, it separates and forms a shear layer. The structure of bays and residing stores thus become prone to intense acoustic and aerodynamic loading– a major design concern. Cavity flow shows significant dependence on its shape. This makes flow actuation possible by only changing the geometric variable of length-to-depth (L/D) ratio. This study compares two bays with an L/D ratio of 5 (deep) and 10 (shallow) in terms of acoustics and affiliated aerodynamic drag. A transient RANS formulation obtained overall sound pressure levels (OASPL) on bay ceilings. An integral-based method was also used to predict far-field noise propagation due to flow fields of both cavities. It is argued that at Mach 0.6, the character of bays changes remarkably when its L/D is altered. Deeper bays show a smoother pressure profile and significantly less drag while operating in shear mode. Shallow bays, on the other hand, show bluff body type drag with uneven pressure distribution, having the potential of causing downwash on residing stores. At the same time, acoustic loads on the ceiling and acoustic signatures in the far-field are comparable for both cavities.

Use of F18 bioglass putty for induced membrane technique in segmental bone defect of the radius in rabbits.

To evaluate the inductive capacity of F18 bioglass putty on the induced membrane technique in a segmental bone defect of the rabbit's radius. Ten female Norfolk at 24 months of age were used. The animals were randomly separated based on postoperative time points: five rabbits at 21 and four at 42 days. A 1-cm segmental bone defect was created in both radii. The bone defects were filled with an F18 bioglass putty. Immediate postoperative radiographic examination revealed the biomaterial occupying the segmental bone defect as a well-defined radiopaque structure with a density close to bone tissue. At 21 and 42 days after surgery, a reduction in radiopacity and volume of the biomaterial was observed, with particle dispersion in the bone defect region. Histologically, the induced membrane was verified in all animals, predominantly composed of fibrocollagenous tissue. In addition, chondroid and osteoid matrices undergoing regeneration, a densely vascularized tissue, and a foreign body type reaction composed of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells were seen. the F18 bioglass putty caused a foreign body-type inflammatory response with the development of an induced membrane without expansion capacity to perform the second stage of the Masquelet technique.

Round Ligament Fibroid: A Case Report

Background: Round ligament fibroids are rare benign tumors that might manifest as vulvar, adnexal, or inguinal masses primarily because of their anatomical extension. Case Report: A 44-year-old lady who was not a known case of any medical illness was referred to the outpatient clinic in May 2022, after an incidental ultrasound finding of a subserosal fibroid. Upon examination, a hard mass was felt in the suprapubic area around 12 weeks size, yet due to the obese body type, proper examination was not possible. An ultrasound scan of the pelvis revealed multiple fibroids in the uterus, measuring 7x6 cm anteriorly, 4.5x3.5 cm posteriorly, and fundal 4.2x2.4 cm. After 12 months of conservative follow-up, another pelvic ultrasound scan was done, which revealed an anteverted bulky uterus measuring 11.9 x 8 cm, with multiple fibroids, the largest measuring 4.8x 4.5 cm at the lower uterine segment and 5.5x 4 cm at the fundus. These findings suggested a growing sessile subserosal uterine fibroid with extensions, dimensions, and relations. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with leiomyoma with cystic and hyaline degeneration, negative for atypia and malignancy. Laparotomy myomectomy was done, and the specimen consisted of a single oval mass weighing 410 gm and measuring 11x8x7.5 cm. Conclusion: The diagnosis of round ligament fibroid is often challenging due to its anatomical position. Keywords: Round ligament fibroid, laparotomy myomectomy, leiomyoma, case report

Ecophenotypic Variation of Midas Cichlid, Amphilophus citrinellus (Gunther, 1864), in Lake Batur, Bali, Indonesia.

Cichlid fishes exhibit rapid adaptive radiations with significant diversification rates in response to ecological variability, i.e., ecological opportunity or geographical isolation. The discovery of a Midas cichlid species in Lake Batur, Indonesia's largest volcanic lake, first reported in 2013, could represent such adaptations. Midas cichlids can now be found in a range of habitats in Lake Batur and dominate the lake's fish population by up to 60%. This study aimed to identify the interaction between habitat, water quality, and Midas cichlid in Lake Batur, facilitating morphometric variances in the fish populations. The fish were captured at five locations in Lake Batur using fishing rods, community nets with mesh sizes of 2-3 inches, experimental gillnets with mesh sizes of 1 inch, and fish scoops in floating net cages during August and November 2022. There were 46 fish samples caught from the five stations, all photographed using a digital camera and later measured using the ZEN 2012 software. The fish measurement employed a truss morphometric method using 21 distinct morphometric body features. Canonical analysis was used to determine the distribution of characteristics, while discriminant analysis was used to examine the closeness of association. The measured water quality parameters included pH, DO, temperature, conductivity, and TDS for in-situ and TSS, TP, TN, and chlorophyll A for ex-situ. The findings revealed morphometric changes among Midas cichlid species in Lake Batur caused by habitat and water quality differences. The distinction can be detected in the anterior and posterior bodies (C1, B1, C3, C6, C5, B3 and B4). Temperature and aquatic plants, Azolla pinnata, may detect the station and shape of fish in Lake Batur. Body shape cannot be identified by chlorophyll A, TN, DO, and TDS. Future genetic research could answer why fish groups with varied body types coexist in the same location.

패션 유튜브 콘텐츠 유형별 이용자 인식과 커뮤니케이션

Background/Objectives: This research has analyzed comments on YouTube channels on fashion to understand the most appeared topics that emerged from the channel users' communications.&#x0D; Methods: 24,560 comments were analyzed using the Python 3.9 program. Unstructured text was processed for language detection using the KoNLPy library to extract nouns, verbs, and adjective forms of most and frequently used words. The study has categorized high-frequency vocabulary and conducted topic modeling analysis on comments on “Fashion styling,” Fashion know-how,” and “Fashion hauls” content types. The contents of comments that received a significant number of “likes” were analyzed based on different content types and the communication between the commenters and the YouTubers.&#x0D; Results: The topic modeling results unveiled distinct themes within each type of fashion content. For Fashion styling,” 12 topics were identified, including expressions of gratitude, styling based on body types, purchasing fashion items, and dressing for occasions.“Fashion know-how” brought out ten topics, encompassing the ideas surrounding appreciation, color coordination, information about fashion items, and valuable tips regarding body types. In the “Fashion Haul,” content type, 8 topics were prominent: luxury proxy satisfaction, luxury style, and discussions about luxury items. Analysis of heavily engaged conunents predominantly revealed familiarity between the commenters and the YouTubers. The study have identified and examined a large number of interactions, consisting of one- way and both way communication between the fashion channel commenters and the channel content owners.&#x0D; Conclusion/Implications: These YouTube channels are good platforms for engagmg communication, which more often sparks friendly vibes, fondness, and warmth between everyone engaged with these channels, including the channel content owners. In the texts surrounding “fashion styling,” specific and personalized information was found as most visible, while in “fashion know-how,” addressing channel user s' concerns and issues took precedence. For “fashion hauls,” aspects of proxy satisfaction and value-driven consumption were notable.

중국 20대 전반 여성 체형 유형화 연구

This study is to categorize the body types of Chinese w omen in their twenties based on their morphology and pr ovide basic data that can be used for Korean clothing co mpanies. Human body size data were directly measured o n 600 women in their twenties residing in Shanghai, Chi na from January 2020 to September 2023. The human bo dy measurement items include 9 perimeter items and 10 length items, measuring a total of 19 items. In order to extract factors that can analyze body shape, factor analysi s was conducted and two factors were identified. Factor 1 is “perimeter and width”, and factor 2 is “length”. The results of factor analysis were used to classify the body shape of Chinese women in their twenties into three type s. Summarize the characteristics of each type of body ty pe, with Type 1 being “thin type”, Type 2 being “ordina ry type”, and Type 3 being “developed type”.

한국인 20대 여성 표준체형을 바탕으로 한 상의 원형 패턴 비교 연구

Background/Objectives: The relationship between somatotype and patterns in garment fitting is important when it comes to clothing fitness. In this study, we analyze the relationship and garment sample fitness between standard somatotypes of Korean females in their twenties and seven block patterns mainly used in fashion-related educational institutions. Also, we propose a block pattern correction method for Korean females in their twenties. Three types of bodice blocks, such as new bunka, Armstrong, and Natalie bray, were used in this study, along with four types of torsos blocks, such as L&amp;N, Müiler, Secolli, and Esmod.&#x0D; Methods: The block pattern correction was conducted by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of each block for Korean females in their twenties through sensory evaluations by seven professionals on garment samples with original blocks. Through after- correction sensory evaluations, we determined the degrees of improvements made on the corrected-block patterns' fitness, and compared the original blocks to the corrected-block patterns and their garment samples.&#x0D; Results: Comparing the sensory evaluation results of the original and the after-correction shows that garment samples of the after-correction are more suitable for body types of Korean females in their twenties. We expect that the proposed block correction method, which analyzes the characteristics of each block, is useful when using the block patterns.&#x0D; Conclusion/Implications: From this study, we hope to see future studies on the development of regression equations and pattern-making formulas that are easily applied to various body types and sizes, as well as a correction method that considers the existence of sleeves and body movements.

Flexible bronchoscopy for removal of airway foreign bodies: A single center experience

Background: Airway foreign bodies are rare in occurrence and challenging to manage. The presentation varies depending upon the size, site, and nature of the aspirated material. Although rigid bronchoscopy is the preferred choice in children; distally lodged foreign bodies in adults have high success rate of extraction with flexible bronchoscope. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of flexible bronchoscopy for removal of airway foreign bodies in adolescents and adults. Methods: In a retrospective study conducted between January 2018 to March 2024 at National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir hospital; medical records of patients undergoing bronchoscopy for airway foreign bodies were extracted. Methods and Material: Demographic parameters, type and location of foreign body, extraction procedure, accessory equipment used, and the success rates were analyzed. Complications during and after the procedure were also recorded. Results: During the study period, a total of 3143 bronchoscopies were performed, of which 18 (0.57%) were done for foreign body extraction. Patients were aged between 12 to 89 years; cough was the commonest symptom and lobar collapse was the commonest radiological sign. Organic foreign bodies accounted for 61% cases and inorganic 39%. Right lower lobe was the commonest site. Successful flexible bronchoscopy assisted extraction was achieved in 89%. Of the 18 patients, 12 (67%) were successfully removed with rat toothed forceps and five (28%) with basket device. No major complications were noted. Conclusions: Flexible bronchoscopy has a high success rate in management of airway foreign bodies and should always be considered as first line in adults.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Linear Classification Traits in Hanwoo cows Using Multiple Trait Animal Model

This study was conducted to analyzed the statistical model of Hanwoo(Korean native cattle) cows linear classification trait, analyze the structure and environmental effects of linear classification data, and estimate genetic parameters for linear classification data by applying the analyzed environmental effects to use them as basic data for improving the body measurement and appearance of Hanwoo cows animals at the farm level. The data used in this study collected cows linear classification data that participated in the Hanwoo cows linear classification project promoted by the Korea Animal Improvement Association(KAIA) from 2014 to 2019 to quantify the body measurement of cows and use them for livestock improvement, selection, and culling. Among them, the most recent linear classification data was selected as analysis data, the previous data was deleted, outliers in the data were removed, and 369,723 Hanwoo cows suitable for Estimated Breeding Value(EBV) analysis were used. In addition, outliers were removed from the Hanwoo cows linear classification data, and the final score calculated by applying level and grade trait data and four data such as body height, body width, rump length, and pinbone width, which were found to have a high genetic correlation among 19 traits, was used. After removing outliers from the data, the most recent data was selected and used for analysis based on the linear classification month age when the linear classification data was repeatedly recorded for each parity. The least square mean analysis by linear classification trait showed that body height, which is most involved in body measurement and growth, steadily increased up to about 50 months, but there was no change thereafter. It was analyzed that the growth of Hanwoo cows ends on average when they are 50 months old, and the increase in body height slowed after the calf was produced. In the basic statistical analysis of linear classification traits, the average and standard deviation of body height, body width, rump length, pinbone width, and final score were analyzed as 6.22±1.33, 5.83±1.22, 5.88±1.20, 5.63±1.32 and 80.0±1.83. To analyzed the factors of environmental effects, the farm-birth year-birth season was set as one effect HYS(Herd-Year-Season) to establish the BCS(Body Condition Score), the classifier, the linear classification month, and the contemporary group, and a variance analysis was conducted to confirm that there was a high significant difference(p&lt;0.001) with traits in BCS, classifier, linear classification month, and HYS. In the estimation of the genetic parameters of linear classification traits for Hanwoo cows, the heritability of body height, body width, rump length, pinbone width, and final score were estimated to be 0.42, 0.18, 0.34, 0.25 and 0.37, respectively. In the analysis of the genetic correlation coefficient between linear classification traits, body height, body width, rump length, pinbone width, and final score were analyzed as 0.80, 0.96, 0.95 and 0.94, respectively, pinbone width and final score were analyzed as 0.84, 0.84, and 0.89, rump length and pinbone width and final score were 0.94 and 0.92, and pinbone width and final score were analyzed as having a high genetic correlation of 0.97. In the phenotypic correlation coefficient analysis, body height, rump length, pinbone width, and final score were analyzed as 0.39, 0.63, 0.54, and 0.70, respectively, while body width, rump length, pinbone width, and final score were 0.40, 0.48, and 0.65, and rump length, pinbone width, and final score were analyzed as 0.61 and 0.70, and pinbone width and final score were 0.73, showing a high correlation between the traits. In the future, continuous research on linear classification traits should be conducted to find out the ideal body type ability of Hanwoo cows for growth ability and fertility trait, and it is believed that the productivity of Hanwoo should be improved through this.