Body Systems Research Articles

Expression of DNA repair genes in workers producing lead from recycled materials

Working conditions at lead production plants, where a large number of harmful chemicals are present in the air of the work area, among which lead is the leading risk factor, have a negative impact on the health of workers. This xenobiotic disrupts numerous biochemical processes and affects many body systems. Of particular interest is the understanding of the action of lead at the molecular level, since in addition to the general mechanisms of damage to molecules and ultrastructures as a result of oxidative stress, lead is able to bind to a large DNA groove. A change in the level of gene expression in response to toxic exposure is considered as one of the biomarkers of the effect and can serve to develop measures for the early diagnosis of health disorders in exposed populations, including those working in harmful conditions. The study aims to consider the expression of DNA repair genes in workers of lead processing from secondary raw materials. The researchers examined the interned men working at the enterprise for the production of lead from secondary raw materials in the profession of a smelter (n=11) of the rough lead department, a dryer (n=10) of the rough lead department. The comparison group included men (n=20) who work at the same enterprise and have no contact with harmful factors of production. We have performed amplification of the studied genes (ATM, CDKN1A and MDM) in real time using the QuantStudio 3 amplifier (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). It was found that the expression level of the ATM gene was statistically significantly different in all three study groups from the comparison group. The expression of the CDKN1A gene increased in comparison with the comparison group only in the smelters of the refining department. Also, the expression of this gene was increased in the smelters of the refining department compared with the smelters of the rough lead department. In this study, an increase in the expression level of CDKN1A in smelters of the refining department was demonstrated, which may be an adaptive mechanism of the repair system. Also, in all exposed groups, the researchers found a decrease in the expression level of the ATM gene, which is important for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Further studies of the mechanisms of the influence of lead on the expression of these two genes in experimental models will allow the use of expression levels as early biomarkers of the effect of both total Pb exposure (ATM gene) and dose-dependent (CDKN1A gene). Limitations. Ethnicity was not determined in this study. Ethics. The studies were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association and approved by the local Ethics committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Russian National Research Center of Rospotrebnadzor (Protocol No. 1 of 02/26/2021).

Compendium of Bifidobacterium-based probiotics: characteristics and therapeutic impact on human diseases

The human microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms residing in and on the human body, plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing disease. Bifidobacterium species have shown remarkable therapeutic potential across a range of health conditions, thus being considered optimal probiotic bacteria. This review provides insights into the concept of probiotics and explores the impact of bifidobacteria on human health, focusing on the gastrointestinal, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. It also integrates information on the available genetic bases underlying the beneficial effects of each bifidobacterial probiotic species on different aspects of human physiology. Notably, Bifidobacterium -based probiotics have proven effective in managing gastrointestinal conditions such as constipation, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and Helicobacter pylori infections. These benefits are achieved by modulating the intestinal microbiota, boosting immune responses, and strengthening the gut barrier. Moreover, Bifidobacterium species have been reported to reduce respiratory infections and asthma severity. Additionally, these probiotic bacteria offer benefits for skeletal and muscular health, as evidenced by Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium breve , which have shown anti-inflammatory effects and symptom relief in arthritis models, suggesting potential in treating conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, probiotic therapies based on bifidobacterial species have shown promising effects in alleviating anxiety and depression, reducing stress, and enhancing cognitive function. Overall, this review integrates the extensive scientific literature now available that supports the health-promoting applications of probiotic Bifidobacterium species and underscores the need for further research to confirm their clinical efficacy across different body systems.

Hormonal status in women with respiratory viral infections during critical periods

Pregnancy and menopause are critical periods in a woman’s life. Due to physiological changes in the neuroendocrine system regulation, susceptibility to respiratory viral infections increases in these periods, while affecting all organs and systems of the human body. The aim of this review was to analyze the literature data on the effect of acute respiratory viral infections on neuroendocrine regulation in women during pregnancy and menopause. We reviewed full-text publications in the public domain from the PubMed, eLibrary.ru, and Google Scholar databases with a coverage period of more than twenty years (2000–2023). Disruptions of the progesterone and estrogen production during infection with the influenza A (H1N1) and influenza B viruses have been shown in experimental studies. Hormonal status changes in pregnant women are detected during infection with the influenza A virus (H3N2) and depend on antiviral antibody titers and the presence of fetoplacental insufficiency. Pregnant women with COVID-19 may experience changes in the brain structure activities, as indicated by a high frequency of those in olfactory sensitivity and psychoemotional disorders. During menopause, infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus leads to changes in the production of thyroxine, prolactin, estradiol, testosterone, cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.

The possibility of Producing Herb Extract for The Treatment of Urinary Tubular Inflammation

The idea of this study to find way to control the inflammation occurs in the urinary tubular there is evidence that large number of individuals suffering from this case despite trying for the management by taken different antibiotic. So as alternative herbs may help in this case. Number of volunteers involved in this research the total of 160 men and women in different age group took part in it, the idea behind it to identified if the herb extract affects and limited the tubular inflammation with or without taken the antibiotic. The antibiotic is useful and successful methods to cause death to many microorganisms (2,8) those microorganism cause damage to different body system for example breathing include lungs. Also, microorganism may damage digestive methods like stomach, intestinal tract, and urinary, kidney, gall bladder (16), moreover, the antibiotic limited the Inflammations caused by wounds, or different work injuries, or after the surgical operation (1,2) The antibiotic is a compound that can be synthesized in laboratory and produced in pharmaceutical manufacture in larger quantity (11,12,13). There process is reducing the growth of the microorganism until they have little effect or no effect, those microorganism with the growth will cause Inflammation in urinary system and other system as well (5,6). Some antibiotic may synthesize or made from different sources (5,6). There is different antibiotic, all of them can derivative from chemical compound with little change in the structure of each individual antibiotic, some of those that interfere with the permeability or the synthesis of the cell membrane, other group Interfere within the cell synthesis itself and other of antibiotic interfere with molecules that are involved in protein synthesis replication and the transfer of biological information (9,10) All the antibiotic that produced will be tested and it will then check again for possibility of any side effect to identified what the side effect has (14,15). The antibiotic will be tested biologically (16,17,18) to the humans in order to have more information on what affect the Antibiotic will have (14,15). Once the antibiotic’s function is known, and there are no possible toxic effects are noted then it is ready for human to use. The antibiotic has vital role to deal in positive way with number of diseases causes loss for humankind, and the research studies asked to Carry on their research for new antibiotic and made it possible to be used by human (16,18) Some of microorganism resist to antibiotics therefor there is limited benefit from usen it in the longer term because of the resistance from the bacteria and the microorganism (19,20,21). Such case called ‘antibiotic resistance’ therefore the research must continue to find out other substitution. There is evidence that the inflammation in urinary tubular for both sex male & female (20), cause dangers health Problems (19,20), it effects the individual, all thought there is available antibiotic to be use for the treatment of urinary inflammation but no harm to know more and have more information regarding this case, therefore, other product in this field is useful to deal with the inflammation of urinary tubular. The extract applied in this study has been used numbers of time to those whom suffering from inflammation of Urinary tubular and the result encouraging.

Essential Competencies for Oncology in Physical Therapist Professional Education Programs: Results of a Mixed Methods Modified Delphi Study.

The objective was to establish consensus-based competencies for oncology within physical therapist professional education programs in the United States. A mixed-methods approach implementing a sequential exploratory design that included 3 phases was used to establish oncology competencies for physical therapist professional education programs. Participants in each phase were physical therapists representing diverse practice settings, experience levels, and geographical regions. Student physical therapists were included in phases 2 and 3. Three online focus groups were followed by an in-person group discussion to establish cancer-related themes, domains of practice, and competencies. Participants evaluated the competencies in a 3-round modified Delphi study for relevance and clarity. Each competency required 80% consensus using a Likert scale (1 = not at all relevant/clear, 5 = extremely relevant/clear). It was not accepted if a competency did not meet the 80% threshold by the end of round 3. Six domains of practice and 28 competencies were developed and evaluated. Within the 6 domains, 21 competencies were accepted: general cancer concepts (n = 4), musculoskeletal system (n = 3), neurologic system (n = 5), integumentary system (n = 2), cardiovascular and pulmonary system (n = 5), and involvement of multiple systems across the lifespan (n = 2). Along with the 21 competencies, participants also recommended 11 overarching oncology themes to incorporate into physical therapist professional education programs. Delivering cancer content using a body systems approach was recommended. As the number of survivors of cancer continues to grow, integration of these essential competencies within physical therapist professional education programs will improve the profession's capacity to provide quality care to meet the societal need of persons living with and beyond cancer. Academic and clinical educators should integrate these competencies to ensure that physical therapist professional education programs appropriately prepare physical therapists for providing care for persons living with and beyond cancer across the lifespan.

High-speed grinding: from mechanism to machine tool

AbstractHigh-speed grinding (HSG) is an advanced technology for precision machining of difficult-to-cut materials in aerospace and other fields, which could solve surface burns, defects and improve surface integrity by increasing the linear speed of the grinding wheel. The advantages of HSG have been preliminarily confirmed and the equipment has been built for experimental research, which can achieve a high grinding speed of more than 300 m/s. However, it is not yet widely used in manufacturing due to the insufficient understanding on material removal mechanism and characteristics of HSG machine tool. To fill this gap, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of HSG technologies. A new direction for adding auxiliary process in HSG is proposed. Firstly, the combined influence law of strain hardening, strain rate intensification, and thermal softening effects on material removal mechanism was revealed, and models of material removal strain rate, grinding force and grinding temperature were summarized. Secondly, the constitutive models under high strain rate boundaries were summarized by considering various properties of material and grinding parameters. Thirdly, the change law of material removal mechanism of HSG was revealed when the thermodynamic boundary conditions changed, by introducing lubrication conditions such as minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), nano-lubricant minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL) and cryogenic air (CA). Finally, the mechanical and dynamic characteristics of the key components of HSG machine tool were summarized, including main body, grinding wheel, spindle and dynamic balance system. Based on the content summarized in this paper, the prospect of HSG is put forward. This study establishes a solid foundation for future developments in the field and points to promising directions for further exploration.

8600 Acute Peripheral Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Injection Results in a Rapid Increase in Microglia Density in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract

Abstract Disclosure: E.A. Castellanos: None. S.A. Tobet: None. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a major integrator of stress responses throughout the body. Physical or psychological stressors lead to neuroendocrine outputs from the hypothalamus and neurotransmitter mediated alterations in circuitry that control peripheral body systems including cardiovascular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal, among others. Chronic stress can activate immune components, including microglia, leading to increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) in the blood. Increased levels of these cytokines have been associated with several psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder. In the current study, the impact of pro-inflammatory cytokines was examined in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC), a key brainstem region responsible for integrating autonomic inputs and outputs. The DVC includes the area postrema (AP), a sensory circumventricular organ, the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and the vagal dorsal motor complex. The AP is in the middle of the DVC region, adjacent to cerebrospinal fluid and lacking a blood brain barrier (i.e., fenestrated capillaries). These traits make the AP uniquely located to integrate peripheral and central interactions between circulating cytokines and select immune cells in the DVC. This study concentrated on the effects of a single peripheral injection on microglia quantities in the DVC. TNF-a (50µg/Kg) and IL-6 (50µg/Kg) were administered by intraperitoneal injection and 2h later animals were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde. Immunoreactive ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) was used to identify microglia in the brainstem. In the area postrema there was a trend towards more immunoreactive IBA1 total area (µm^2; p = 0.08, ns) in mice that were injected with TNF-a and IL-6 compared to controls. By contrast, in the adjacent NTS there was 1.5x’s more immunoreactive IBA1 in mice that were injected with IL-6 and TNF-a (µm^2; p < 0.001) compared to control vehicle injections. Comparing brain regions in the DVC, there is 1.7x more microglia cells in the area postrema per section (50µm) compared to the NTS (p < 0.001), but in the NTS cells are 1.3x larger in size in comparison to the microglia cells in the AP overall (µm^2/ number of cells; p < 0.05). Finally, in the NTS there was a 1.5x larger total area of the IBA1 immunoreactivity following TNF-a injections compared to IL-6 injected mice (µm^2; p < 0.05). These data reveal a rapid effect of peripherally injected pro-inflammatory cytokines on microglial quantities and size in the brainstem. Future investigations will elucidate the role of neural-immune pathways in influencing the ANS during a chronic immune stress response. Supported by ORWH U54-MH118919. Presentation: 6/3/2024

Uvulitis as a New Sign of COVID-19

COVID-19, the virus accountable for the latest global pandemic, has caused millions of mortalities and morbidities since its initial spread in 2019, originating in Wuhan, China. The virus is thought to have originated from an animal coronavirus before acquiring the capability of humanto- human transmission and causes acute respiratory syndrome. The virus also presents as a multisystemic disorder with diverse manifestations across various bodily systems. Over time, we have observed both short-term and long-term complications arising from it.

Nesting Technique : It’s Effects on Preterm Cardiorespiratory Indicators

Background: Premature infant born with immature body system, their organs are not ready for extra uterine life, and they are unable to deal with external stress, which could alter body functions such as cardio-respiratory function. In addition, poor muscle tone increases the chance of developing an abnormal posture. To reduce this instability, applying developmental care such as nesting is vital to promote cardio-respiratory stability, maintain position, and reduce stress in preterm. Objectives: The study aims to assess the impact of the nesting technique on preterm cardio-respiratory parameters in various positions (supine, prone, and right lateral). Methodology: The research used randomized controlled trial design. By simple random sampling technique was choose 60 preterm infant, and they were divided into four groups equally (supine, prone, right lateral, and control group). The cardio-respiratory parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) were measured before and after applying the nesting and positioning techniques for 3 consecutive days. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Results: The study results showed a significant difference in the mean score of cardio-respiratory after three days of nesting technique with lateral, supine, and prone position groups at p= 0.000. While the control group showed there was non-significant change in the mean score of HR, RR, and Spo2 at p > 0.05. Conclusion: The Study concluded that the nesting technique was effective for stabilizing the cardio-respiratory parameters of preterm infants. The authors recommended routinely using nesting with the ideal position technique in preterm as a part of developmental care at the neonatal intensive care unit

Clinical cases of verruciform epidermodysplasia of Lewandovski—Luts

Data from the medical literature and own observations of veruciform epidermodysplasia of Lewandovski — Luts (VEDLL) indicate that there are many issues that need to be resolved or clarified. They relate, in particular, to carrying out genetic research — in order to prove the phenomenon and regularities of heredity of dermatosis. The detection of a benign neoplastic formation in one of our patients — esophageal leiomyoma — obliges doctors to carefully examine patients with VEDLL, even without complaints about disorders of one or another body system. Does such a case not suggest the possibility of neoplastic transformation of a benign nature and not only from the side of the skin (papillomas and warts)? Can HPV for VEDLL cause, in addition to skin carcinoma, the occurrence of internal organ tumors? An important task of dermatologists is the early detection of patients among children, who often have common forms of wart-like efflorescences. It can be assumed that in some patients, the disease is latent for some time and manifests itself only under the influence of adverse factors (inadequate insolation, stress, etc.). The issues of VEDLL require practicing dermatovenereologists not only to conduct clinical and differential diagnosis of wart-like dermatoses but also to carry out laboratory tests to identify dermatosis (biopsy, cytology, PCR), which will allow for more frequent detection of VDLL. Since the rarity of VEDLL does not contribute to the accumulation of a sufficient amount of results on the detection of pathogenetic factors of dermatosis, particularly immunological ones, the treatment problem remains relevant. It is necessary to conduct permanent monitoring of the development of VEDLL to identify early signs of neoplastic transformation and determine predictors, that is, prognostic parameters, and introduce methods for their determination.

Assessment of Haematological Parameters and Body Mass Index Among Geriatric Out- Patients in Ekpoma, Edo State

Aging is associated with physiological changes that affect various bodily systems, including the hematological system. This study aimed to evaluate hematological parameters and Body Mass Index (BMI) in geriatric subjects (≥60 years) and compare them with apparently healthy young adults (20-33 years). A total of 100 subjects (50 geriatrics and 50 controls) were recruited for this study. Hematological parameters, including white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, granulocyte count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and platelet count, were assessed. BMI was calculated, and comparisons were made between geriatric and control groups. The results showed higher BMI values in geriatric subjects, although not statistically significant. White blood cell count was lower in geriatric subjects, while lymphocyte count, granulocyte count, and platelet count showed no significant differences. Hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were significantly higher in geriatric subjects. The findings suggest that ageing is associated with changes in hematological parameters and BMI, which may not necessarily indicate disease. The study's results are consistent with World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for hematological values among blacks and highlight the importance of considering age-related changes in hematological parameters when assessing the health status of geriatric subjects.

Quantum statistical mechanics of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model and charged black holes

This review is a contribution to a book dedicated to the memory of Michael E. Fisher. The first example of a quantum many body system not expected to have any quasiparticle excitations was the Wilson-Fisher conformal field theory. The absence of quasiparticles can be established in the compressible, metallic state of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model of fermions with random interactions. The solvability of the latter model has enabled numerous computations of the non-quasiparticle dynamics of chaotic many-body states, such as those expected to describe quantum black holes. We review thermodynamic properties of the SYK model, and describe how they have led to an understanding of the universal structure of the low energy density of states of charged black holes without low energy supersymmetry.

Investigating the Anticancer Potential of Biochanin A in KB Oral Cancer Cells Through the NFκB Pathway.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignancy primarily affecting squamous cells. Its development is linked to multiple risk factors, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen extracted from red clover, has been extensively researched for its therapeutic properties. It spans antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, and anticancer potential in different bodily systems. However, its impact on oral cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, this investigation aims to assess the potential anticancer effects of BCA, specifically on KB oral cancer cells. This study utilized KB cells to evaluate the impact of BCA on various cellular parameters, including cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell migration. BCA treatment induced several notable effects on KB cells, including reduced cell viability, altered morphology suggestive of apoptosis, heightened oxidative stress, and alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, BCA treatment demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell migration. The study further investigated the impact of BCA on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation, revealing decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation across different BCA concentrations (IC50 and IC90). Immunocytochemistry and qRT-PCR analyses unveiled that BCA treatment at varying doses (IC50 and IC90) downregulated the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits p50 and p65, pivotal players in cancer progression. In summary, this study sheds light on the promising potential of BCA as an anticancer therapeutic agent for treating oral cancer. Its demonstrated ability to induce apoptosis, perturb cellular functions, and modulate gene expression within cancer cells underscores its significance. Nonetheless, further research, particularly following animal studies, is imperative to comprehensively grasp the breadth of BCA's effects and its viability for clinical applications.

The Onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Triggers Nucleus Pulposus Cell Pyroptosis to Exacerbate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder marked by immune system dysregulation and autoantibodies production, causing widespread inflammation and damage across various body systems. Despite the prevalent back pain in SLE patients, the link between SLE and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, a primary contributor to back pain, remains inadequately understood. This study explored the impact of SLE on IVD degeneration using the MRL/lpr mouse model, which effectively replicates human SLE manifestations. The study utilized MRL/lpr mice to investigate the effects of SLE on IVD degeneration. The mice were evaluated for typical SLE phenotypes and indicators of IVD degeneration, including IVD height, IVD score, tissue integrity, extracellular matrix degradation, and apoptosis of IVD cells. Additionally, the study examined nucleus pulposus (NP) pyroptosis and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Mechanistic analysis focused on the antioxidant pathway, specifically the expression levels of NRF2, HO-1, KEAP1, and the phosphorylation levels of p65. MRL/lpr mice displayed typical SLE phenotypes and exacerbated profiles of IVD degeneration, including reduced IVD height, lower IVD score, significant IVD tissue impairment, extracellular matrix degradation, and increased apoptosis of IVD cells. Notably, SLE stimulated NP pyroptosis and excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the progression of SLE impedes the antioxidant pathway by downregulating NRF2 and HO-1 expression, upregulating KEAP1, and enhancing phosphorylation levels of p65. Our findings highlight the mechanistic link between SLE and IVD degeneration, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for mitigating back pain in SLE patients.

The effects of microplastics exposure on quail's hypothalamus: Neurotransmission disturbance, cytokine imbalance and ROS/TGF-β/Akt/FoxO3a signaling disruption

Microplastics (MPs) have become a major focus of environmental toxicology, raising concerns about their potential adverse effects on animal organs and body systems. As these tiny particles infiltrate ecosystems, they may pose risks to the health of organisms across diverse species. In this study, we attempted to examine the neurotoxic effects of MPs exposure on avian hypothalamus by using an animal model-Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). The quails of 7-day-old were exposed to 0.02 mg/kg, 0.4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg polystyrene microplastic (PS-MPs) of environmental relevance for 35 days. The results showed PS-MPs exposure did damages to hypothalamic structure characterized by neuron malformation, irregular arrangement and cellular vacuolation after 5-week exposure. PS-MPs exposure also induced Nissl body reduction and dissolution in the hypothalamus. Moreover, the decrease of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity and increasing acetylcholine (Ach) indicated that PS-MPs exposure caused hypothalamic neurotransmission disturbance. PS-MPs exposure also led to neuroinflammation by disrupting the balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation with reducing antioxidants indicated PS-MPs led to hypothalamic oxidative stress. Additionally, RNA-Seq analysis found that both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling were disturbed in the hypothalamus by PS-MPs exposure. Especially, the increasing ROS led to TGF-β activation and then induced hypothalamic inflammation by nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. The present study concluded that oxidative stress might be an important mechanistic signaling involved in MPs neurotoxicology.

A bibliometric analysis and visualization of literature on the relationship between vitamin D and obesity over the last two decades

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to employ bibliometric analysis to visualize hot spots and evolving trends in the studies on the relationship between vitamin D and obesity. MethodsFrom the Web of Science Core Collection database, articles on vitamin D and obesity from 2001 to 2021 were retrieved. For the bibliometric visualization analysis, CiteSpace was employed. Some of the figures were created using GraphPad software. Results4454 pieces of articles and reviews were found, with an average citation of 30.68 times. There are many more published papers in the area of "nutrition dietetics" (1166, 26.179 %). The United States possesses the largest number of publications (1297, 29.12 %) and demonstrates definitive leadership in this field. The League of European Research Universities generates a higher percentage of publications (256, 5.748 %) than other institutions. Major studies are funded by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (531, 11.922 %) and the National Institutes of Health, USA (528, 11.855 %). The top five keywords with the highest co-occurrence frequency are “obesity” (1260), “vitamin d” (943), “insulin resistance” (651), “risk” (642), and “d deficiency” (636). The biggest keyword cluster was #0 "adolescent" among the 18 keyword clusters. The three latest keywords in the keyword burst were "mineral density"、"d insufficiency" and "25 hydroxyvitamin d concentration". ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis shows an overview of the current status of the research on the association between vitamin D and obesity. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the relationship between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals remains hot topics. We speculate that the effect of obesity on vitamin D levels and bone mineral density, and the influence of vitamin D insufficiency on various body systems in obese populations will be future trends.

Scan accuracy of wireless intraoral scanners while digitizing a combined scan body-healing abutment system

ObjectivesTo investigate the accuracy (trueness and precision) of wireless and wired intraoral scanners (IOSs) when scanning an implant with the combined healing abutment-scan body (CHA-SB) system. MethodsA partially edentulous mandibular model with a CHA-SB at the right first molar site was digitized with 2 wireless (NeoScan 2000 (NW) and TRIOS 4 wireless (T4 W)) and 2 wired (NeoScan 1000 (N) and TRIOS 4 wired (T4)) IOSs 44 times in total (n = 11). The reference scan file was generated by digitizing the same master model and CHA-SB with an industrial-grade optical scanner. All files were imported into a metrology-grade analysis software program to evaluate the surface (root mean square, RMS), linear, and angular deviations of the top part of the SB. The average deviation values defined the precision of the scans. The data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). ResultsIOS type affected the surface and angular deviations and the precision (linear deviations on the x-axis) of the scans (p ≤ 0.043). T4 W had lower RMS than N and T4 (p ≤ 0.031). T4 had higher angular deviations than N on the XZ plane and had the lowest angular deviations on the YZ plane (p ≤ 0.011). T4 W scans had higher precision than N scans (p = 0.024). ConclusionDespite some differences in the trueness or precision of scans, tested IOSs mostly enabled similar scan accuracy. Regardless of the IOS, the implant scans had a tendency to tilt mesiobuccally, which can be considered clinically small. Clinical SignificanceTested wireless intraoral scanners may be suitable alternatives to their wired counterparts while digitizing an implant with a combined healing abutment-scan body system in the posterior region. However, the crowns fabricated from tested scans might require buccal, mesial, and occlusal surface veneering and distal surface adjustments.

A Comprehensive Review On Steroid Abuse And Its Impact On Various Body Systems

This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted implications of steroid abuse on diverse physiological systems within the human body. Steroid abuse is a widespread issue that transcends boundaries, affecting individuals across different age groups, genders, and athletic backgrounds. This in-depth review article explores the complex network of repercussions that users may experience by exploring the diverse impacts of steroid usage on different physiological systems. We explore the mechanisms of action, short-term and long-term health repercussions, and potential interventions for addressing this growing concern. Lastly, the article addresses the treatment Options for Steroid Abuse

Interfacial coupling of sandwich like Zn3V2O8/ZnO/NiCo2S4 nano-heterojunction for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rifampicin

The overuse of antibiotics and the release of these pharmaceuticals into the water system has emerged as a serious issue posing a life-threatening environment to aquatic species. In contrast to various contaminants, antibiotics are specifically engineered for durability and efficacy in the system of the human body (human health). Although this design ensures their performance, it also results in their extended longevity and resilience against degradation in natural contexts. These challenges can be addressed by an advanced oxidation process (AOP) utilizing ternary heterojunction nano catalysts (NCs). In this study, the NCs were synthesized through a combination of calcinated-assisted reverse microemulsion and hydrothermal methods. The synthesized NCs were characterized by using various analytical techniques. The enhanced charge separation and migration in Zn3V2O8/ZnO/NiCo2S4 (ZZN) NCs results in 97.3 % degradation of rifampicin (RIF) within 80 min. ZZN NCs exhibit superior catalytic performance under visible light irradiation compared to its pristine Zn3V2O8, ZnO, NiCo2S4, and binary ZnO/NiCo2S4. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be primarily attributed to the synergetic effects among Zn3V2O8, ZnO, and NiCo2S4 facilitated by the cascade-driven charge transfer mechanism. The prominent reactive oxygen species that participated in photocatalytic degradation activity were found to be superoxide (O2•-) and hydroxide radicals (•OH) which were confirmed through ESR and quenching experiments. From the practical application perspective, ZZN NCs ternary heterostructure demonstrated excellent stability and durability after being recycled six times. This study serve as a vital reference for future investigation into the photocatalytic mechanism related to heterostructure NCs, highlighting their potential for eco-friendly methods to eliminate pollutants and paves a way for manufacturing innovation in near future.

Kinematics and dynamics characteristics of a double-ring truss deployable antenna mechanism based on triangular prism deployable unit

In order to effectively improve the single-ring truss deployable antenna mechanism due to the large aperture caused by the problem with low structural strength and low-profile accuracy, a series of double-ring truss deployable antenna mechanisms (DRTDAM) are proposed with constant height during folding and deployment process. First, a variety of DRTDAMs are proposed based on tetrahedral units and their topologies are analyzed. Secondly, degree-of-freedom (DOF) characteristics of DRTDAM proposed in this paper are analyzed based on the screw theory and screw-constrained topological graphs and based on this, the kinematic characteristics of DRTDAM is investigated. Thirdly, the dynamics of the whole DRTDAM is built with Newton-Euler equations of multi-rigid body system. Finally, the correctness of above analysis is verified through dynamics analysis software ADAMS and numerical analysis software MATLAB, and the principle prototype is produced to verify the correctness of DOF analysis. The mechanism proposed in this paper enriches the configuration of DRTDAM, and the process of kinematic characterization method is clear and simple, which is meaningful for the research in space complex mechanism.