Body Measurement Data Research Articles

Abstract A113: Association between NSAIDs and PSA, prostate volume, and prostate cancer

Abstract A113 Purpose NSAIDs such as aspirin are commonly used to prevent cardiovascular disease, and several prior studies suggest NSAIDs may also reduce prostate inflammation and prostate cancer risk. We investigated the association between NSAID use, PSA, and prostate volume, hypothesizing lower PSA and volume levels with NSAID use. Methods The Nashville Men’s Health Study utilizes a multi-centered, rapid-recruitment protocol to collect clinical, biological, behavioral, and body measurement data from 1,277 men over age 40 years and scheduled for diagnostic prostate biopsy. Approximately 95% of eligible men approached for recruitment agree to participate. NSAID use was ascertained by survey and clinical interview, and medical charts were reviewed to ascertain current PSA levels, prostate volume, and clinical diagnoses following biopsy. The distributions of PSA level and prostate volume data were natural log transformed prior to analysis. In a linear model, mean PSA and volume scores across NSAID categories were adjusted for age; race (black/white); family history (yes/no); number of prior PSA tests (1,2, 3 or more); BMI; WHR; height; or treatment for BPH (steroid reductase inhibitors, other), diabetes (Yes/No), CVD (Yes/No), hyperlipidemia (Yes/No); and the diagnosis of PIN, atypical findings suspicious for cancer, low-grade cancer, or high-grade cancer following biopsy. PSA and prostate volume scores were back-transformed and geometric mean values are reported. Results Approximately 46% of subjects reported taking an NSAID, primarily aspirin (37% of subjects). After adjusting for age, race, family prostate cancer history, obesity, and treatment for BPH, CVD, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes; aspirin was significantly associated with lower PSA levels (7.3 vs. 8.0 ng/ml, p=0.01). This effect of aspirin on PSA was greatest among men with a prostate volume of 60 mls or more (8.6 vs. 9.7 ng/ml, p=0.06), men diagnosed with prostate cancer (6.1 vs. 7.3 ng/ml, p<0.01), or men with both cancer and prostate enlargement (7.3 vs. 12.7 ng/ml, p<0.01). NSAID use was not significantly associated with prostate volume (47.6 vs. 46.0 mls, p=0.16). Conclusions Aspirin use was significantly associated with lower PSA levels. Controlling for BMI, WHR, and the use of medications to treat CVD, hyperlipidemia, BPH, and diabetes had little effect on the association between aspirin use and PSA levels, suggesting aspirin was not simply a proxy for these comorbid conditions or their associated treatments. These results may suggest that aspirin use decreases the ability to detect prostate cancer and may contribute to prior investigations reporting a protective association between NSAID use and prostate cancer risk. Implications for prostate cancer screening recommendations and for clinical decision-making will require further investigation. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):A113.

Design and Medicine Collaborate Using Digital Anthropometry

Background Five projects, conducted collaboratively between design and health/medicine researchers, are described including: study of the osteoporotic figure to develop apparel designs that encourage active life styles, evaluation of weight loss induced body changes, evaluation of breast cancer treatment related effects on body asymmetry, improved fit and design of a liquid cooling garment to maintain healthy body temperature of astronauts, and development of a body satisfaction intervention for young women. Steps of a design process were used to facilitate project work and to communicate progress to participating researchers. Methods All projects were conducted using facilities in the Human Dimensioning© Lab at the University of Minnesota. “Digital anthropometry”, a method of measuring and analyzing the body using a topical laser body scanner, was used to measure and describe the human body for applications in the five projects. Results Results vary from providing detailed information concerning body shape and size, to incorporating the body measurement data into improved designs of wearable products, to using the body data to educate young women about healthy bodies. Conclusions The fields of design and medicine share common interests in improving the human condition. More specifically apparel designers and physicians have in-depth, but varying, knowledge of the structure and workings of the human body and use that knowledge to address human needs. By using the design process as a means of communication, the two fields can develop solutions to human problems. What do apparel design and medicine have in common? Medical researchers are acutely aware of the inner workings of the human body, while apparel design researchers understand how anthropometry, measuring and describing the body surface and contours, is used to design apparel to fit a range of shapes and sizes. A team of researchers in the Human Dimensioning© Lab uses their unique skills and interests to address health and medicine issues that combine both perspectives. To facilitate work, communicate progress, and promote understanding the team uses the design process with steps of defining the problem and conducting research, exploring possible solutions, and implementing best solutions to the problem. The Human Dimensioning© Lab is equipped with the latest apparel design technologies including full laser body scanner, motion capture equipment, apparel design and CAD engineering software and soft goods prototyping equipment. The digital anthropometry technologies are used to assess the surface of the human body and to design products that fit and function with the body. This paper presents five projects conducted in the Human Dimensioning© Lab (HDL) demonstrating effective collaborations between medicine and design. The projects

지수치를 활용한 한국과 매국 성인 3차원 인체치수 비교

The body measurement ratios and indices used in this study are all 3D female measurement data of the two countries were obtained from Size Korea Project and SizeUSA Project. The purpose of the study is to compare and analyze body measurement data between two countries. The results of this research are helpful for the clothing manufacturer and company to trade with America. The samples were 1,988 Korean and 6,306 American females. Thirty-five body measurement ratios and indices were chosen as the principal measurements in making garments. The conclusion of this research was as follow; First, U.S. females have measurements that exceed Korean women, except for crotch length total and shoulder slope. Second, the correlation coefficients of height and weight are relatively higher than other measurements in the two countries` body measurements. Finally, American women`s height ratios are significantly bigger than Korean women`s in most height ratios. On the other hand, Korean are significantly bigger than American in weight ratios. The drop values of Korean females are also smaller than those of American. It was recognized that American women are much bigger, wider and more obese than Korean according to the results by utilizing the girth ratios. BMI, Rohrer and Vervaeck index.

Studi Karakteristik Kualitatif Dan Kuantitatif Kerbau Lumpur Di Kecamatan Kampar

The aim of the present work was to study the physical characteristics of swamp buffalo population in Kampar sub district, Riau province. Thirty buffalos which were distributed in 5 villages (Kampar, Padang Mutung, Pulau Rambai, Panyasauan, and Batu Belah) were selected by Multi Stage Stratified Cluster Purposive Sampling Method. The selected animals which were consisted of 15 males and 15 females were observed for physical performance and measured for some body parameters. Physical performances observed and body parameters measured included: horn form; color of hair, skin and foot: form of foot and udder; body length, thorax circle, shoulder high, shoulder circle, thorax high and scrotum circle. The quantitative data were tabulated for calculation of means and standard deviation. It was found that about 83,3 % of buffalo population had horn with wider form, 72,3 % hair color of blackish grey, 61,2 % skin color of blackish gray, 100 % foot color of grey, 100 % foot form of well built foot and 100 % udder form of symmetric. The body measurement data reflected that the body development of the buffalo in Kampar closely related to their original population in India.

Ethical practice and methodological considerations in researching body cathexis for fashion products

PurposeThe paper seeks to identify ethical issues arising from body cathexis research and analyse categories for attention. To also highlight methodological considerations in generating body size data through measurement for fashion products.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents instrumental activities and strategies for conducting and implementing focus groups for investigating body cathexis and related body measurements for fashion products. Five homogenous groups of 30 females aged 19‐44 years, were employed. Purposive and proportionate sampling procedures involving both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied and analysed by triangulation. Aspects of the methodology of measurement are presented in this paper but analysis of measurement data is presented in a subsequent paper. Key ethical principles by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), UK have been also evaluated in relation to the integrity of such a study.FindingsThe study found that deciding on procedures regarding collating data on psychological issues related to garment fit is an obscure process that is not clearly documented in literature. It raised significant issues relating to sensitivity to respondents' concerns when conducting an investigation into body cathexis for fashion products. A framework for ethical and methodological practice in researching body cathexis and ethical deliberation in generating body measurement data has therefore been presented.Originality/valueThis study presents guidelines for ethical practice and develops an ethical framework for research and professional practice.

Analisis Multivariat Ukuran Tubuh Sebagai penduga Hubungan Kekerabatan subpopulasi sapi pesisir Di sumatera Barat

The discriminate function and canonical correlation analysis were carried out in order to differentiate between subpopulations, and to determine the discriminate variables which may contribute on the differentiation of the three Pesisir cattle subpopulations in West Sumatra. Around 528 of Pesisir cattle's were as sample. They were distributed in three subpopulations in West Sumatra: Pesisir Selatan, Padang Pariaman, and Agam districts. Body measurement data were collected for body weight, body length, withers height, hip height, chest width, chest depth, chest girth, hip width, head length, and head width. The data were statistically analyzed by using discriminate function. The results of the study found that the Pesisisr cattle growing in Padang pariaman showed very different in body measurement with those growing in Agam and Pesisir Selatan subpopulation. The results also indicated that withers height, hip height, head width, body weight, and head length were the most importance body measurement to differentiate amongst the Pesisir cattle population in west sumatra.

Relationships of Change in Radius Bone Mineral Density for Seven Years of Working Women around Thirty Years Old with Lifestyle, Body Measurement Data and Laboratory Data

A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the relationships of the change in radius bone mineral density for seven years with lifestyle, body measurement data and laboratory data. The subjects of this study were 191 female employees working in an LSI manufacturing factory in Japan. Bone mineral density was measured on the radius of their nondominant side using DXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) in 1995 and 2002. Other medical examinations were performed at the same time. Multiple regression analysis was also performed with the change in radius bone mineral density as the dependent variable. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, a significant positive correlation was observed between the change in body mass index (BMI) and the change in bone mineral density among the subjects aged 30 years and over and those under 30 years. A significant positive correlation was observed between daily milk intake and the change in bone mineral density among those aged under 30 years. A significant negative correlation was observed between daily alcohol intake and the change in bone mineral density among those aged under 30 years, and also between parity and the change in bone mineral density among those aged 30 years and over. BMI, parity, daily milk intake and daily alcohol intake are considered as significant factors that contribute to a change in bone mineral density. It is necessary that the recommended timing for medical examination be set according to age, and that a well-balanced guidance be provided from young adulthood.

Educational practice of figure processing which processed human body measurement data in Apparel CAD

Educational practice of figure processing which processed human body measurement data in Apparel CAD

Prospect of the Next-Term Human Body Measurement in Japan

Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life (HQL) is planning to update the current human body measurement database by collecting new body measurement data, as well as it carries out the following development of measurement technology from 1999 to 2001. I. Development of New 3-D Body Surface Measurement System (1999 ∼ 2001) a. Generation of the super accurate data and reduction of the measuring time b. Measurement of the invisible human body parts c. Extraction of anatomical landmarks II. Development of New Data Format for 3-D Human Body Shape (1999) The human body shape generated from image data has difficulty in comparing data and comprehending distribution. This project aims at conducting the research and development to make the scan result easier to analyze and utilize.

若年成人女子の人体計測データからみた体格・体型特性

若年成人女子の人体計測データからみた体格・体型特性

Women 55 Years and Older: Part I

This study, sponsored by the Institute for Standards Research and the apparel industry, was undertaken to establish the very first large-scale body measurement database specifically of women age 55 and older. Part I examines differences in body measurements between the new database and the Voluntary Product Standard PS 42-70 database. Data collection and computing methodologies were pilot tested in Arizona with 469 subjects who were 55 years of age and older. State project coordinators (n = 38) and data collectors (n = 391) in 38 states were recruited and provided training during the two-day workshops conducted in 24 regional locations. Measurements of a total of 6,652 ambulatory women, representing 38 states, were included in the final analysis. A specially designed computer program sorted subjects by size based on the same bust, height, and weight criteria as those used in the PS 42-70 database. For the analysis subjects were classified into 7 figure types (Junior Petite, Junior, Misses Petite, Misses, Misses Tall, Women, and Half-Size) in 6 to 10 sizes each. Mean differences of each size within each figure type were compared by using t-tests. Significant differences between the current older women's body measurements and the PS 42-70 database measurements were found in the majority of sizes across the figure types. Body measurements that were significantly greater than the PS 42-70 database across the sizes and figure types were abdominal-extension, waist, sitting-spread, armscye, bust-height (level), back-width, chest-width, hip and hip-arc. Some measurements (e.g., hip-height, inseam, cervical-height, waist-arc, abdominal-arc, and weight) tended to be generally greater than those of the PS 42-70 with a few exceptions in some figure types. Depending on the sizes and figure types, other measurements varied in both directions from the PS 42-70. It can be expected that women 55 and older will have difficulties buying clothing that fits well under the current domestic sizing system. Therefore, it is critically important that this new database be used to develop improved sizing for women 55 and older. Part II explores women's perceptions of fitting problems experienced when buying clothing cut from domestic sizing charts which have evolved from PS 42-70, the industry's only existing large scale female body measurement database established from 1940 body measurement data.

Environmental Factors Affecting Body Size and Conformation in Rambouillet Yearling Ewes

Body measurement data obtained from the University of California purebred Rambouillet flock were studied to learn the importance of known environmental sources of variation, and to find whether a worthwhile gain in accuracy in the use of measurements would be made by adjusting for these effects. The data include the following measurements on 135 females born from 1936 to 1948, averaging 475 days in age; withers height, depth and width of chest, loin width, heart girth, round measurement and body weight. It was found that difference in age was an important source of variation in all measurements studied except withers height, in which full growth had apparently been attained. Twins were found to be smaller than singles in all measurements except heart girth and round measurement, while twins from 2-year-old dams were smaller in body weight, heart girth and round than twins from older dams. Damage did not affect other measurements. Combined effects of sires and years were found very important, but these could not be estimated separately. It is concluded that a considerable gain in accuracy for selection purposes can be made by standardizing body measurements with regard to the environmental effects estimated.