Body Constitution Research Articles

The Movement of Repetition: Incorporation through Mimetic, Ritual and Imaginative Movements

Summary The movement of repetition is irrevocably linked to the constitution of the human body and is therefore a human condition. The process of hominisation makes this clear. In the body of Homo sapiens and in his movements a connection between nature and culture is created. The movement of repetition is of central importance. Repetition is essential for the evolution of Homo sapiens, the development of communities and individuals. Repetitions are mimetic; they lead to productive imitations in which new elements and events also emerge. Mimetic movements and the repetitive aspects they contain open up the historical and cultural world to people. Repetitions in rituals lead to the acquisition of an implicit silent practical body knowledge. The emotions arising in mimetic processes are movements through which an orientation in the world takes place. The imaginations based on the eccentricity of the human being and on movements of repetition contribute to the development of a collective and individual imaginary.

Clinical research linking Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution types with diseases: a literature review of 1639 observational studies.

To analyze clinical studies on correlations between Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) body constitution types and diseases published in the past 10 years, and to provide an evidence base to support the use of such correlations for health maintenance and disease prevention. We searched five databases for the period April 2009 to December 2019: China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed and Embase. Three types of observational studies on correlation between constitution types and diseases were included: cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies. Descriptive statistical methods were employed for data analysis. A total of 1639 clinical studies were identified: 1452 (88.59%) cross-sectional studies, 115 (7.02%) case-control studies and 72 (4.39%) cohort studies covering 30 regions of China and five other countries (Malaysia, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand and France). The collection of studies comprised 19 disease categories and 333 different diseases. The 10 most commonly studied diseases were hypertension, diabetes, stroke, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAHD), sleep disorders, neoplasm of the breast, dysmenorrhea, fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis B and dyslipidemia. We found high distributions for each biased constitution type in different patient populations as follows: Qi-deficiency constitution in stroke, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and hypertension; Yang-deficiency constitution in female infertility, osteoporosis, irritable bowel syndrome, gonarthrosis and dysmenorrhea; Yin-deficiency constitution in hypertension, diabetes, constipation, female climacteric states and osteoporosis; phlegm- dampness constitution in hypertension, stroke, fatty liver disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome; damp-heat constitution in acne, chronic gastritis, chronic viral hepatitis B, human papillomavirus infection and hyperuricemia; blood-stasis constitution in CAHD, endometriosis and stroke; Qi-stagnation constitution in hyperplasia and neoplasms of the breast, insomnia, depression and thyroid nodules; and inherited-special constitution in asthma and allergic rhinitis. Eight biased TCM constitutions were closely related to specific diseases, and could be used to guide individualized prevention and treatment. More rigorously designed studies are recommended to further verify the constitution-disease relationship.

Somnological findings based on the Körmend Growth Study (2008) data (Hungary)

In 1958, a series of tests repeated every ten years, which is unique worldwide, was launched in Körmend, with the primary goal of assessing more than 20 different body size characteristics, constitution, and development of healthy children aged 3–18. The secular trend phenomenon was proved for the first time in Hungary in this study. A clear correlation between physiological sleeping and sleeping disorders compared to changes in body composition has been shown, which led to the inclusion of a sleep questionnaire study in 2008. The present study aims to analyze a part of the sleep questionnaires received in 2008. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and frequency of growth pain, restless leg syndrome (RLS) and anaemia, and the associations between these parameters. According to the results, the incidence of growth pains was found to be higher than in international data. In many aspects this difference was confirmed by the present study, however, there were also contradictory, significantly detectable differences, the causes of which require further investigation. Due to the limitations of the questionnaire, many errors may occur. Other studies have shown strong genetic determinations for RLS; however, our results do not seem to confirm this. This may be due to the high latency of RLS and the inaccurate filling of the questionnaires as well. The results of our study showed that, in iron-deficient children, the incidence of RLS is an order of magnitude higher than in the general population.

The Movement of Repetition. Incorporation through Mimetic, Ritual and Imaginative Movements

The movement of repetition is irrevocably linked to the constitution of the human body and is therefore a human condition. The process of hominization makes this clear. In the body of homo sapiens and in his movements a connection between nature and culture is created. The movement of repetition is of central importance. Repetition is essential for the evolution of homo sapiens, the development of communities and individuals. Repetitions are mimetic; they lead to productive imitations in which new elements and events also emerge. Mimetic movements and the repetitive aspects they contain open up the historical and cultural world to people. Repetitions in rituals lead to the acquisition of an implicit silent practical body knowledge. The emotions arising in mimetic processes are movements through which an orientation in the world takes place. The imagination based on the eccentricity of the human being and on movements of repetition contribute to the development of a collective and individual imaginary.

The effects of a Chinese herbal medicine (VGHBPH0) on patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A pilot study.

Background:The current Western medicine treatment options for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have various degrees of documented effectiveness. However, the uses of these interventions are limited to specific patient populations or have certain side effects that interfere with patient quality of life. This study evaluated the clinical effects of a Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) on patients with BPH.Methods:This was a single-arm pilot study. Twenty BPH patients were enrolled, and they were required to take the investigated CHM three times a day for 8 weeks, along with their Western medicine. Patients returned to clinics as scheduled and completing international prostate symptoms scores (IPSS), aging male symptoms score, international index of erectile function, and body constitution questionnaire of traditional Chinese medicine. Uroflowmetry and sonography were also applied to evaluate the changes in urinary velocity and post-voiding residual urine volume from the baseline to the end of the study.Results:The mean IPSS total score was significantly decreased by 2.5 points after 8 weeks of treatment with the CHM (from 17.5 to 15.0, p = 0.03). The mean IPSS voiding subscore was decreased by 1.7 points (from 10.1 to 8.4, p = 0.02), and the mean incomplete emptying subscore was decreased by 0.8 points (from 2.9 to 2.1, p = 0.02), with both decreases being statistically significant. A descending trend in the post-voiding residual urine volume was also observed (from 52.9 to 30.8 mL, p = 0.07).Conclusion:This trial indicated that the add-on CHM treatment (VGHBPH0) might be a potential treatment for improving the lower urinary tract symptoms of BPH patients.

Effects of tumor-specific CAP1 expression and body constitution on clinical outcomes in patients with early breast cancer

BackgroundObesity induces molecular changes that may favor tumor progression and metastatic spread, leading to impaired survival outcomes in breast cancer. Adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), an actin regulatory protein and functional receptor for the obesity-associated adipokine resistin, has been implicated with inferior cancer prognosis. Here, the objective was to investigate the interplay between body composition and CAP1 tumor expression regarding breast cancer outcome through long-term survival analyses.MethodsAmong 718 women with primary invasive breast cancer within the large population-based prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, tumor-specific CAP1 levels were assessed following thorough antibody validation and immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue microarrays. Antibody specificity and functional application validity were determined by CAP1 gene silencing, qRT-PCR, Western immunoblotting, and cell microarray immunostaining. Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival differences in terms of breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) according to body composition and CAP1 expression.ResultsStudy participants were followed for up to 25 years (median 10.9 years), during which 239 deaths were observed. Patients with low CAP1 tumor expression were older at diagnosis, displayed anthropometric measurements indicating a higher adiposity status (wider waist and hip, higher body mass index and body fat percentage), and were more prone to have unfavorable tumor characteristics (higher histological grade, higher Ki67, and estrogen receptor (ER) negativity). Overall, patients with CAP1-low tumors had impaired BCSS (adjusted hazard ratio: HRadj = 0.52, 95% CI 0.31–0.88) and OS (HRadj = 0.64, 95% CI 0.44–0.92) compared with patients having high CAP1 tumor expression. Further, analyses stratified according to different anthropometric measures or ER status showed that the CAP1-associated survival outcomes were most pronounced among patients with low adiposity status or ER-positive disease.ConclusionsLow CAP1 tumor expression was associated with higher body fatness and worse survival outcomes in breast cancer patients with effect modification by adiposity and ER status. CAP1 could be a novel marker for poorer survival outcome in leaner or ER-positive breast cancer patients, highlighting the need for considering body constitution in clinical decision making.

Transnational Law's Legality

I argue that transnational law has a formal legal character. To do so, I build on socio-legal scholarship in this domain, but apply a jurisprudential perspective. Specifically, I argue that public fiduciary theory is well-placed to explain the nature of authority evoked by transnational legal orders, as well as their legal features and constitution. This theory claims that the fiduciary character of an organization--i.e., its other-regarding purpose and adherence to certain procedural standards--is a necessary feature of its claim to legitimate authority. By addressing these jurisprudential questions, public fiduciary theory contests scholars who deny transnational law's formal legal character. Ultimately, I argue that despite the private constitution of some transnational law-making bodies, and their lack of express public authorization, by fulfilling a transnational fiduciary role they exercise authority which either is or closely resembles public authority. This, in turn, contributes to the legal character of the transnational norms these bodies generate. I use the International Organization for Standardization as an illustrative case study. The implications of this approach include acknowledging that law can exist beyond national or international state regulation, and a denial that coercion is an essential element of law.

Adherence k principům kardiovaskulární prevence u osob s vysokým rizikem

Asymptomatic high-risk individuals represent one of the highest priorities of cardiovascular prevention, in clinical practice frequently overlooked. We analyzed the real adherence to recommended principles of cardiovascular prevention in primary care subjects.Our analysis is based on random general population sample, examined in the frame of post-MONICA survey in 2016/17. Each subject was categorized with regard to its individual cardiovascular risk (based on Sixth Joint European Guidelines) and the real adherence to recommended targets was ascertained.In total 898 subjects aged 25-75 years (47% males) were analyzed. Of them, 16.7% were classified into “very high risk“ and 36.8% into “high risk“ subgroup; remaining 46.5% were only at moderate or low risk. Regarding adherence to recommended principles, in “very high risk“ category only 58.7% abstain from any form of tobacco, 38% reported appropriate physical activity (150 minutes of at least moderate activity weekly), 16.7% had recommended body constitution (BMI 20-25 kg/m2 ), 39.3% appropriate blood pressure (.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ПАРЛАМЕНТСЬКОГО КОНТРОЛЮ ЗА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ ДЕРЖПРИКОРДОНСЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ

В статті досліджуються питання здійснення демократичного цивільного контролю за діяльністю Державної прикордонної служби України Верховною Радою України та її органами.
 Розглянувши поняття та сутність демократичного цивільного контролю над збройними силами та іншими силовими структурами в будь-якій демократичній країні автор констатує, що це є одним з принципів функціонування держави, а також одним з ключових принципів забезпечення національної безпеки. Виникнення цього інституту в нашій державі стало наслідком розвитку демократії в Україні, а також інтеграції України в міжнародні структури. 
 Цей принцип, по відношенню до Державної прикордонної служби України, закріплено серед основних принципів діяльності зазначеного інституту в Законі України «Про Державну прикордонну службу України», а процедура його реалізації передбачена у Стратегії розвитку Державної прикордонної служби України.
 В системі демократичного цивільного контролю за діяльністю Державної прикордонної служби України важливе місце займає парламентський контроль, який є невід’ємною цінністю демократичної форми організації суспільства, оскільки він являє собою передбачену Конституцією і законами України діяльність Верховної Ради України, утворених нею органів, обраних посадових осіб та народних депутатів України щодо отримання, вивчення, оприлюднення інформації про діяльність, рішення, правові акти інших органів і посадових осіб публічної влади, підприємств, установ та організацій і вжиття на основі цієї інформації передбачених Конституцією і законами України заходів реагування. Він здійснюється завдяки звітам Голови Державної прикордонної служби України про виконання нею своїх завдань; діяльності парламентських комітетів і спеціальних комісій; парламентському контролі Уповноваженого Верховної Ради України з прав людини; контролі народних депутатів України та контрольної діяльності Рахункової палати.
 Робиться висновок, що здійснення дієвого демократичного цивільного контролю за діяльністю Державної прикордонної служби України зі сторони парламенту підвищить рівень довіри як до зазначеної структури так і України в цілому світової спільноти та громадян України.

Classification of Body Constitution Based on TCM Philosophy and Deep Learning

There is a growing demand for alternative or complementary medicine in health care disciplines that uses a non-invasive instrument to evaluate the health status of various organs inside the human body. In this regard, we proposed a real-time, non-invasive, and painless technique to assess an individual’s health condition. Our approach is based on the combination of iridology and the philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The iridology chart presents perfect symmetry between the left and right eyes, and such a unique representation reveals the body constitution based on TCM philosophy, which classifies the aforementioned body constitution into a combination of nine categories to describe the varieties of genomic traits. In addition, we applied a deep-learning method along with the combination of iridology and TCM to predict the possible physiological or psychological strength or weakness of the subjects and give advice to them about how to take care of their health according to the body constitution assessment. We used several pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs, or ConvNet), such as a residual neural network (ResNet50), InceptionV3, and dense convolutional network (DenseNet201), to classify the body constitution using iris images. In the experiments, the CASIA-Iris-Thousand database was used to perform this task. The experimental results showed that the proposed iris-based health assessment method achieved an 82.9% accuracy.

FORMATION OF THE EXTERIOR OF THE COWS OF THE UKRAINIAN BLACK- AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED UNDER THE ABSORPTIVE CROSSOVER

During the last decade the world Gene pool of the best cattle breeds is intensively used in Ukraine with the aim to improve productive qualities of animals. In particular, the improvement of dairy cattle includes intensive usage of gene pool of Holstein breed, as its level of milk productivity is the best in the world. The creation of new genotype caused permanent control on the exterior peculiarities of animals and the nature of their connection with productive features. On this basis the aim of our researches was to learn formation of the exterior of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed under the absorptive crossover.
 The researches were conducted at agricultural LCC “Lyshche” of Lutsk region of Volyn oblast on heifers (n = 1164) and full-grown cows (n = 596) of different genotype of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. There were formed 5 groups of animals: I – cows with Holstein share heredity of 75% and lower, II – with Holstein share heredity 75.1–81.25%, III – with Holstein share heredity 81.26–87.50%, IV – with Holstein share heredity 87.51–93.75% and V – with Holstein share heredity over 93.75%.
 The assessment of exterior was conducted on the measurements of body parts of heifers and full-grown cows on the retrospective analysis. The following measurements were taking into account: height at the withers, breast depth, breast width, chest area behind the shoulder blades, hips width, oblique corpus length and girth of the metacarpus which were used to measure indices of body constitution.
 It is well-known that the exterior of heifers is the criteria of selection of cows into a herd and the assessment if bulls by the type of daughter’s body constitution. It is established that the heifers and cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed under control were quite high (height at the withers – 132.3 and 138.9 cm) with well-developed thorax (breast depth – 72.2 and 81.6, breast width – 46.4 and 54.2, chest area behind the shoulder blades – 191.0 and 201.9 cm). The average length of their corpus was 156.2 and 163.7, hips width – 51.7 and 58.8 and girth of the metacarpus – 18.1 and 19.1 cm.
 The connection between the exterior forms of body constitution and the indices of productivity of animal is especially opening with the use of index estimation of exterior. The usage of body constitution indices gives the opportunity objectively identify development of some parts, their changeability with age, productive and type differences, identify their connection with direction and the level of animals’ productivity in some household environment. The analysis of body constitution indices shows that heifers and full grown cows by the exterior peculiarities belongs to dairy type, were quite harmonious by the body constitution.
 The identifying of measurements of body parts of animals allows to compare their both individual and group peculiarities and to select the best dairy cows. That is why there is the necessity to learn changes of exterior and milk productivity of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed of different genotype. With the increase of Holstein heredity share in the genotype of animals of Ukrainian Black-and-White increased the investigated body measurements (except – breast width and girth metacarpus).
 The heifers had significant (P < 0.05–0.001) decrease in boniness indices, extension, thoracic, hips and chest, chest width and increase of indices of blockiness, sex and conventional corpus girth after the saturation of their Holstein genotype (I). There is a similar tendency of change of body structure indices was also observed in cows, but these changes were mainly unreliable.
 The strength of impact of genotype on the measurements and indices of body structure of both heifers and grown cows was negligible. The heifers’ conditional share of Holstein heredity had the most significant impact on measurements at withers (6.0%) and breast depth (3.6%), and cows – on measurements of oblique corpus length (5.8%), breast girth behind shoulder blades (4.9%) and height at the withers (4.2%) at 0.001 in all cases. The genotype had the most significant influence on bone indices (5.8%), sex (4.0%), breast (3.8%) and hips and breast (3.6%) in heifers’ case, and in full-grown cows’ case – on indexes of conditional volume (II) (5.6%), bones (4.3%) and conditional corpus (I) (3.2%).

Clinical effect of long-snake moxibustion on lumbago of cold-dampness type

To observe the effect of long-snake moxibustion on pain, functional disorder and body constitution in the patients with lumbago of cold-dampness type. A total of 90 patients with lumbago of cold-dampness type were randomized into long-snake moxibustion, acupuncture and medication groups, 30 cases in each group. In the long-snake moxibustion group, long-snake moxibustion was exerted on the spinal (between Dazhui[GV14] and Yaoshu[GV2]) with the self-prepared moxa powder formula combined with fresh ginger and moxa wool, once a week, for 4 weeks. Regular acupuncture was given to the acupuncture group, 30 min each time, once a day, 8 times as a treatment course, at the interval of 2 days between the courses. The duration of treatment was 1 month. In the medication group, Diclofenac Sodium was prescribed for oral administration, 25 mg each time, three times a day, and Mecobalamine tablets, 0.5 mg each time, 3 times a day. The duration of medication was 1 month. Before and after treatment, the differences were evaluated in the scores of visual analog scale (VAS), the present pain intensity(PPI), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and the scale of yang-deficiency body constitution among the 3 groups. After the treatment, VAS and PPI score and ODI were significantly reduced in the patients of the 3 groups as compared with those before treatment (all P<0.05). Compared with the medication group, ODI score was significantly reduced in the long-snake moxibustion group and the acupuncture group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the scores of the scale of yang-deficiency body constitution were significantly reduced in the long-snake moxibustion group and the acupuncture group (P<0.05) as compared with those before the treatment, but not statistically significant in the medication group in comparison before and after the treatment (P>0.05). The score of the scale of yang-deficiency body constitution in the long-snake moxibustion group was significantly lower than that in the acupuncture group and the medication group (P<0.05). Regarding the clinical effect, the effective rate was 93.33% (28/30) in the long-snake moxibustion group and it was 86.67% (26/30) in the acupuncture group and 73.33% (22/30) in the medication group after the treatment. The effective rate in the long-snake moxibustion group was significantly higher than those in the acupuncture group and the medication group (P<0.05). The long-snake moxibustion therapy can achieve significant effect on lumbago of cold-dampness type. This therapy can alleviate pain, relieve the functional disorders and improve the conditions of body constitution in the patients. Hence, it is applicable for the clinical promotion.

서울지역 주민의 中醫 體質별 五色선호도와의 연관성

서울지역 주민의 中醫 體質별 五色선호도와의 연관성

TYPOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES IN SCHOOLCHILDREN FOR PROGNOSING SUCCESS IN SPORTS AND HEALTH ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITIES

Aim. The purpose of the article is to provide a clinical and physiological assessment of adaptive variability of the psychophysiological status in schoolchildren and to obtain prognostic markers for forming success during health enhancement and sports activities. Materials and methods. 187 male schoolchildren of the first and second health group from secondary educational institutions in Tyumen participated in the study. A set of clinical and physiological methods was used. Habitual physical activity (HPA) was measured on a daily basis using Huawei Band 2 Pro (China) fitness tracker provided with accelerometer and gyroscope. The band is available for both Android (version 4.4 or later) and iOS 8.0 or later, which allows registering data at any time period. The type of partial body constitution was established according to a three-component scheme and a HPA level (low HPA – FTC-1, medium HPA – FTC-2, high HPA – FTC-3). Results. Based on the concept of typological variability of physiological individuality, a systemic relationship between the indicators of anxiety, aggressiveness and depression was established in primary schoolchildren with different levels of habitual physical activity (low – LHPA, medium – MHPA, high – HHPA) and of different functional types (FTC-1, FTC-2, FTC-3). Compared with other groups, primary schoolchildren with LHPA – FTC-1 showed an increase in general anxiety and a total indicator of depression, a decrease in mood, a negative assessment of their own inefficiency, and the lowest indicator of aggressiveness with an auto-aggressive orientation. In children with HHPA, there was a decrease in the general level of depression and mood, a negative assessment of generally accepted rules, aggressive behavior, a negative assessment of their own inefficiency combined with an increased level of aggressiveness of a heteroaggressive orientation. Conclusion. Clinical and physiological characteristics of three physiological norm variants (functional constitutional types, children with low (FTC-1), medium (FTC-2) and high (FTC-3) habitual physical activity) determined the selection of psychophysiological markers of stress reactivity in primary schoolchildren, which provides an objective basis for prognostic assessment and targeted success formation in sports and health enhancement activities, as well as the creation of effective monitoring of transition states and preventive forms for correcting dysregulation.

Clinical study based on Five-Yun Six-Qi theory of traditional Chinese medicine by rebalancing the individual constitution to treat patients with hyperlipidemia

Objective To observe the effects of Chinese herbalprescription Tizhi-Pingtiao Powder (TP) based on Five-Yun Six-Qi theory to treat hyperlipidemia (HLP). Methods This study included 641 HLP patients from Constitution medicine clinic in Dongzhimen hospital from January 2015 to November 2017. The embryonic period’s (ten months) Five-Yun Six-Qi endowments of the enrolled patients were analyzed and TP were prescribedaccordingly, in the absent of lipid-lowering drugs. The curative effect was observed after three months’ TP treatment and reviewed ofeach 3 months, and long-term effects will be observed for 1 year,either take the priscription or not. Curative effect is based on blood lipids maintain normal as well as constitution improved while stopped lipid-lowering drugs. Results Among the 641 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 379 patients take on complete, and 300 patients (79.2%) were clinically cured (with blood lipid decreased to normal, overall constitution and complication condition improved), 375 patients (99.0%) were completely cured. Among 262 patients without dietary restriction, 143 patients (54.6%) were clinically cured, 240 patients (91.6%) were completely cured. Long-term effects showed that 210 patients stopped the TP after 3 months' treatment, the recurrence rate at the end of the 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month in the patients who were on complete dietary restriction were 4.1%, 48.8% and 76.9%, while the recurrence rate in the patients who had not implemented dietary restriction were 37.1%, 70.8%, 89.9%. A total of 115 patients continued the TP for the other 12 months, the recurrence rate at the end of 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month in the patients who were on complete dietary restriction were 2.5%, 4.8% and 6.0%, while the recurrence rate in the patients who had not implemented dietary restriction were 6.5%, 16.1%, 29.0%. The difference between the four groups was significant. All recrudescent patients could gain recovery in a month after re-taking the herbs. Conclusions Chinese herbal priscription TP combined with dietary modification showed long term effect for HLP and improve the constitution comprehensively. Key words: Wu Yun Liu Qi; Body constitution; Hyperlipidemia; Tizhi-Pingtiao Powder; Clinical observation

The Idea and Application of Tuina in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19.

While traditional Chinese medicine has displayed a positive and effective role in saving lives of COVID-19 patients, Tuina, which is an important component in Chinese medicine, has also shown its merits in enhancing the immune function and relieving symptoms in COVID-19 patients. This article elaborates the long history of Tuina in treating and preventing epidemic diseases and its effect in improving the immune function. It also introduces some special Tuina methods, for instance, sputum drainage by the back-patting method to enable the discharge of sputum; slant-scrubbing method applied on the hypochondriac regions to bring the effect of soothing the liver to regulate qi, which may also relieve anxiety of patients with COVID-19; and spine-pinching method to enhance human resistance to diseases, which is more suitable for the elderly and for children with mild or common types of COVID-19 and can also be used for health care and disease prevention among the general population. Tuina methods for children using the common children’s specific Tuina points and manipulations to improve children’s body constitution are also mentioned in the article. Self-acupoint Tuina for health care, including acupoints for prevention purposes, acupoints for early clinical stage (mild stage) and recovery stage, as well as acupoints for children health care and specific operations, is also illustrated in the article. Moreover, basic exercises for health care, such as eight-section brocade, Shaolin internal exercises, six-character formula, and change of tendons, are also presented. In the final analysis, this article is aimed at some ideas and feasible applications of Tuina therapy in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, in the hope to provide some worthy experience and introduce methods in preventing and fighting against COVID-19 to people all over the world.

Atletas olímpicas brasileiras e a maternidade: do mito à realidade

Throughout history, women have been prohibited from practicing competitive activities in different contexts and times, either because of the social space they could occupy, or arguments related to their biology and body constitution. The woman's body, mainly related to her fertility aspects, regulated to determinants of her social possibilities. Under the mythical bias, the distinct sacred female figures were those who gave the gift of life, the creation of things, often without needing any male figure, putting the issues of motherhood in focus. At a certain time, the practice of physical activity could favor women in what would, or still is, said as their natural function, but always in masculine determinations. Although with the different changes over time, Brazilian Olympic women athletes had occupied these spaces and roles, carrying them with all their burdens, responsibilities and blame, both in the desire or concretization of motherhood, as well as in the express will of not fulfill this imposed role. That said, using biographical narratives, this article aims to discuss the issues of motherhood that involve sport and, especially, Brazilian Olympic athletes.

Concept Of Ahara With Respect To Prakriti :A Review

In Ayurveda system of medicine ,the whole concept of health and disease, prevention and management is based on type of constitution and it is rooted through Tridosha theory of Ayurveda. Thus Ayurveda is only applied science which is still in practice having unbroken continuity. Dietetics can be defined as the branch of knowledge concerned with Diet & its effects on health .According to WHO the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being. Ayurveda the “Science of life” is a system of medicine that utilizes various therapies including diet ,herbal preprations and yoga to restore harmony balance within the body. It focuses more on the healthy living and well being. One of the main goals of Ayurveda is to maintain health of a healthy individual and to attain the health in the diseased. Diet is mentioned in 3 sub – pillar (sub tripods of life), since it is responsible is for growth & development of the human body. One of the important concepts in Ayurveda is “Prakriti ”the innate nature of an individual & is determined at the time of conception itself & remains throughout the life. Knowing of Prakriti helps in maintaining the health and preventing the disease. Ayurveda prescribes various foods and lifestyles According to one’s Prakriti and suggests that one should follow these guidelines to prevent various disorders and to promote health. In this era of lifestyle disorders in order to improve the quality of life & to bring down the cost of health care one should know about his Prakriti & the diet suitable for his body constitution .Here by this paper is intended to explain the concepts of diet in Ayurveda in a backlight of Prakriti.

‘Body-objects’ and personhood in the Iron and Viking Ages: processing, curating, and depositing skulls in domestic space

ABSTRACT This article explores practices of processing, displaying, and depositing human and animal crania in built environments and wetlands in the long Iron Age of Scandinavia. The paper first reports on a dataset of a range of practices targeting heads over the first millennium CE, with a particular focus on deposition of crania in built environments. I subsequently present a two-fold analysis of these data: an exploration of how reworking bodies into cranial objects transformed personhood in complex ways, and a discussion of how the particular practices afforded to the head connects with practices of placemaking and atmospheric intervention. I consider reworked, displayed and deposited heads as ‘body-objects’ – a different kind of being than ‘person’, ’animal’ or ‘thing’ that breaks open some existing assumptions of the constitution of bodies and persons in Iron and Viking Age Scandinavia.

The relationship between physical fitness and body constitution index on female adolescent

The relationship between physical fitness and body constitution index on female adolescent