Cubic Crystal Research Articles

Competitive relationship between the FCC + BCC dual phases in the wear mechanism of laser cladding FeCoCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5 HEAs coating

This work elaborated the microstructure and wear behavior of laser cladding (LC) FeCoCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5 high-entropy alloys (HEAs) coatings on AISI 1045 steel substrates. The microstructure of the HEAs coatings is mainly comprised of a body-centered-cubic (BCC) + face-centered-cubic (FCC) dual-phase structure. Besides, the coating exhibites high hardness. During the friction process, the FCC phase was more prone to deformation and peeling than BCC structure. As the alloying elements (such as Al, Ti, and Cr) tend to form oxide film at high temperatures during friction, the friction process of the LC FeCoCrNiAl0.5Ti0.5 coating was mainly controlled by oxidative wear and adhesive wear mechanisms. Friction test results showed that the coating owned excellent wear resistance and the wear rate of the HEAs coating was only 6.53 % of the wear rate of the steel substrate.

Time resolved x-ray diffraction using the flexible imaging diffraction diagnostic for laser experiments (FIDDLE) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF): Preliminary assessment of diffraction precision.

The Flexible Imaging Diffraction Diagnostic for Laser Experiments (FIDDLE) is a new diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) designed to observe in situ solid-solid phase changes at high pressures using time resolved x-ray diffraction. FIDDLE currently incorporates five Icarus ultrafast x-ray imager sensors that take 2ns snapshots and can be tuned to collect X-rays for tens of ns. The platform utilizes the laser power at NIF for both the laser drive and the generation of 10keV X-rays for ∼10ns using a Ge backlighter foil. We aim to use FIDDLE to observe diffraction at different times during compression to probe the kinetics of phase changes. Pb undergoes two solid-solid phase transitions during ramp compression: from face centered cubic (FCC) to hexagonal close packed (HCP) and HCP to body centered cubic (BCC). Results will be reported on some of the first shots using the FIDDLE diagnostic at NIF on ramp compressed Pb to a peak pressure of ∼110GPa and a single undriven CeO2 calibration shot. A discussion of the uncertainties in the observed diffraction is included.

Experimental investigation of heat treatments on the mechanical performance of grade 300 maraging steel strut-based lattices

Lightweight and strong components are essential for reducing energy consumption and enhancing efficiency. Lattice structures are one such geometry utilized to achieve weight reduction. This study investigates the mechanical properties of various lattice structures fabricated from Maraging Steel (EOS MS1) using the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) method. The samples include three distinct cellular geometries: body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC), and octet truss configurations, which are subjected to tensile and compressive tests. The primary goal of this research is to evaluate the impact of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of cellular architecture under tensile and compressive loading conditions. Destructive, nondestructive testing, and simulation results were also obtained from different heat treatment processes. It was found that the age-hardened specimens performed the best overall in terms of ultimate tensile/compressive strength and elongation. The top-performing topologies in compression and tension were found to be the octet structure, as they were able to withstand the most loading and straining when compared to the other specimens.

The lattice friction stress driven temperature-dependent tensile deformation behaviors of CoNiCr2 eutectic medium-entropy alloy

A heterogeneous CoNiCr2 eutectic medium-entropy alloy (EMEA), comprising soft face-centered cubic (FCC) and hard body-centered cubic (BCC) lamellae, associated with minor acicular hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase precipitated in BCC phase, was synthesized towards excellent tensile strength and ductility synergy. The tensile mechanical properties demonstrated that this alloy was temperature-dependent, i.e., when the testing temperature reduced from room temperature (RT) to liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT), the yield strength, ultimate strength, and uniform elongation were enhanced from 449 MPa, 821 MPa, and 5.0% to 702 MPa, 1174 MPa, and 8.4%, respectively. The prominent elevation of yield strength at LNT mainly resulted from the dramatically enhanced lattice friction stress (σ0) and the FCC-BCC interfacial strengthening, while the improved ductility was attributed to the superior crack-arrest capability of FCC matrix stemmed from the accumulation of stacking faults (SFs) and enhanced σ0 at LNT. Additionally, although the deformation mechanisms were dominated by planar dislocation glides and SFs at both temperatures, the initiation of premature cracks in the BCC phase due to the inferior deformation capability at LNT constrained the better strength-ductility trade-off. The cracks in the BCC phase tended to propagate along the BCC-HCP interfaces because of the strain incompatibility. Furthermore, the sub-nanoscale L12 particles in the FCC matrix could not only strengthen this alloy but also improve the stacking fault energy leading to no deformation twinning even at LNT. This work may provide a guide for the design of remarkable strength and ductility synergy EMEAs combined with outstanding castability for applications at cryogenic temperatures.

Design of metamaterial thermoelectric generators for efficient energy harvesting

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are widely recognized as clean energy solutions that can convert low-grade waste heat into electricity through a temperature gradient. Despite their significant potential, challenges such as low conversion efficiency and high costs have limited their practical applications. In this paper, we present an innovative metamaterial design concept for TEGs with significantly improved efficiency. A Finite Element Model is validated using Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 bulk samples fabricated via the drop-cast method. This model can predict open-circuit voltage and output power as a function of an arbitrary metamaterial design using the commercial software ANSYS®. Four different metastructure designs, including 2D Triangular Honeycomb, Re-entrant, body-centered cubic (BCC), and triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures, are systematically investigated. Through experiments and numerical analysis, the effects of annealing temperature, porosity, and unit cell numbers (UCNs) on the performance of TE legs are explored. It is found that 2D Triangular Honeycomb and BCC structures outperform other configurations due to their capacity to maintain a higher thermal gradient. Optimizing their porosity and UCNs can further enhance the output power. Compared to the traditional designs with bulk TE legs, implementing a 2D metastructure design with 30 % porosity and UCNs of 4 × 4 × 4 can lead to approximately a 100 % increase in power output.

Manufacturing of Ni-Co-Fe-Cr-Al-Ti High-Entropy Alloy Using Directed Energy Deposition and Evaluation of Its Microstructure, Tensile Strength, and Microhardness.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have drawn significant attention due to their unique design and superior mechanical properties. Comprising 5-35 at% of five or more elements with similar atomic radii, HEAs exhibit high configurational entropy, resulting in single-phase solid solutions rather than intermetallic compounds. Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly direct energy deposition (DED), is effective for producing HEAs due to its rapid cooling rates, which ensure uniform microstructures and minimize defects. These alloys typically form face-centered cubic (FCC) or body-centered cubic (BCC) structures, contributing to their exceptional strength, hardness, and mechanical performance across various temperatures. However, FCC-structured HEAs often have low yield strengths, posing a challenge for structural applications. In this study, a Ni-Co-Fe-Cr-Al-Ti HEA was manufactured using the DED method. This study proposes that the addition of aluminum and titanium creates a γ + γ' phase structure within a multicomponent FCC-HEA matrix, enhancing the thermal stability and coarsening the resistance and strength. The γ' phase with an ordered FCC structure significantly improves the mechanical properties. Analysis confirmed the presence of the γ + γ' structure and demonstrated the alloy's high tensile strength and microhardness. This approach underscores the potential of AM techniques in advancing HEA production for high-performance applications.

On novel Ni-rich phase formed during aging of an additively manufactured ultra-high strength CoFeNi alloy

The precipitation mechanism of strengthening phase of a body-centered-cubic (BCC) structured CoFeNi multi-principal element alloy produced by additive manufacturing was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). The hardness of CoFeNi alloy achieved the peak value of 554.79 ± 9.86 HV after aging for 160 h at 400 °C. The CoFeNi alloy exhibited an ultrahigh compressive yield strength and ultimate compressive strength up to 1.8 GPa and 2.3 GPa respectively, whilst maintains a strain of 18.9 %. The microstructure of the alloy exhibited nanoscale lamellar Ni-rich phase with high stability homogeneously distributed in BCC matrix after aging at 400 °C. The novel Ni-rich phase containing about 50 at. % Ni with a hexagonal structure is the mainly precipitation strengthening phase, and has coherent orientation relationship with the BCC matrix in the<101>bcc∥<112¯0>Niand 111bcc∥{0001}Ni. Based on the experimental results, the precipitation mechanisms of the Ni-rich phase were discussed in detail. The current work provides a possible new direction to design high-strength alloy by introducing the novel Ni-rich phase.

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of lightweight high-entropy alloy

High-performance lightweight materials are in demand for a wide range of critical applications in the automotive, aviation, and aerospace industries. However, it remains difficult to enhance the strength of these alloys without significantly reducing their tensile ductility. Here, using different heat treatment routes, we overcome this inherent strength and ductility trade-off dilemma by introducing low lattice misfit precipitates in a lightweight high-entropy alloy (LHEA). In particular, the A700 alloy exhibits a high yield strength of 609 MPa and a tensile ductility of ∼24 % at room temperature, benefitting from the highly dispersed, low lattice misfit L12 and nano-lamellar body-centered cubic (BCC) phases.

Prediction of phase and tensile properties of selective laser melting manufactured high entropy alloys by machine learning

Selective laser melting (SLM) for high entropy alloys (HEAs) holds significant promise in commercial applications, and substantial experimental research efforts have been directed toward this domain. To take advantage of the reported experimental data of SLM manufactured (SLM-ed) HEAs and reduce unnecessary experimentation, this study incorporates machine learning (ML) techniques for the phase and tensile properties prediction of SLM-ed HEAs, thus presenting a novel avenue for accelerating the discovery of new SLM-ed HEAs. Through the adjustment of material descriptors and ML models, a model has been developed with an impressive accuracy of 81.58 % in distinguishing between face-centered cubic (FCC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and dual-phase (FCC+BCC) of SLM-ed HEAs. Additionally, optimized models have been devised for the prediction of tensile properties of SLM-ed HEAs, namely ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS), achieving noteworthy MAPEs (mean absolute percentage errors) of 20.43 % and 20.25 %, respectively. Furthermore, several HEAs were fabricated using SLM, and the experimental outcomes exhibited a favorable alignment with the predicted results. These efforts carry significant implications in advancing the utilization of SLM for HEAs.

Tribological Behavior and In‐Vitro Biocompatibility of a Newly Designed TiZrNbMoTa High‐Entropy Alloy

A novel Ti35Zr15Nb25Mo15Ta10 high‐entropy alloy has been designed, fabricated, and characterized as a viable substitute for the conventional Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy in biomaterial applications. Alloy design is conducted based on various parameters including mixing enthalpy (ΔHmix), omega parameter (Ω), delta parameter (δ), valence electron concentration (VEC), and biocompatibility aspects of its constituent elements with CALPHAD approach. The fabricated Ti35Zr15Nb25Mo15Ta10 alloy demonstrated a body‐centered‐cubic (BCC) solid solution phase with no evidence of intermetallics. Nanoindentation investigations exhibited high hardness of ≈5.1 GPa and a young modulus of ≈140 GPa. The alloy proposed better surface properties and tribological behaviour in comparison with the Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy in dry and wet (under PBS solution) conditions. Furthermore, the newly designed alloy revealed promising behaviour after investigation of in‐vitro biocompatibility compared to the Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy. These initial benefits of the Ti35Zr15Nb25Mo15Ta10 alloy concerning mechanical properties and wear resistance over the conventional Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy present an avenue for exploring novel orthopedic implant alloys.

Achieving room temperature hydrogen storage reversibility in Nb-rich alloys of the Nb-Cr-Mn system

Recent developments in the design of body-centered cubic (BCC) multicomponent alloys via computational tools have demonstrated the possibility of obtaining alloys with excellent hydrogen storage behavior. In this work, we employ the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method to design Nb-rich alloys of the Nb-Cr-Mn system that present hydrogen storage reversibility at room temperature under moderate pressure conditions. We employ the valence electron concentration (VEC) factor as a compositional guide to select compositions with suitable thermodynamic properties. Using electric arc melting, we synthesize two alloys, namely Nb85Cr10Mn5 and Nb70Cr20Mn10, both forming predominant BCC solid solutions with VEC ∼ 5.2 and minor amounts of a eutectic microconstituent composed of BCC and Laves C14 phases. Both alloys are easily hydrogenated at room temperature without the need for an activation treatment. The Nb85Cr10Mn5 alloy reaches a storage capacity of 2.1 wt% of H (298 K; Peq∼ 20 bar) whereas the Nb70Cr20Mn10 alloy reaches a capacity of 1.4 wt% (298 K; Peq∼ 21 bar). Benefits in the storage kinetic performance are correlated with the BCC + C14 microstructure. Pressure-Composition-Temperature (PCT) diagrams show moderate values of equilibrium pressure for hydrogen storage reversibility at room temperature. Room temperature absorption/desorption cycling measurements demonstrated a reversible capacity of 1.2 wt% of H (Peq∼ 29 bar) for the Nb85Cr10Mn5 alloy and 0.8 wt% of H (Peq∼ 31 bar) for the Nb70Cr20Mn10 alloy after twenty cycles.

Learning dislocation dynamics mobility laws from large-scale MD simulations

By dispensing with all the atoms and only focusing on dislocation lines, the computational method of Discrete Dislocation Dynamics (DDD) gains greatly over Molecular Dynamics (MD) in simulation efficiency of metal plasticity. But whereas in MD dislocations follow natural dynamics of atomic motion, DDD must rely on a dislocation mobility function to prescribe how a dislocation line should respond to the driving force exerted on it. However, reflecting our still incomplete understanding of ways in which dislocations move, mobility functions presently employed in DDD simulations entail simplifications and approximations of limited or, worse still, unknown accuracy and applicability. Here we introduce a data-driven approach in which the dislocation mobility function is modeled as a graph neural network (GNN) trained on large-scale MD simulations of crystal plasticity. We apply our proposed approach to predicting plastic strength of body-centered-cubic (BCC) metal tungsten and show that, once implemented in a DDD model, our GNN dislocation mobility function accurately reproduces the challenging tension/compression asymmetry of plastic flow observed both in ground-truth MD simulations and in experiment. Furthermore, subsequently validated by MD simulations, the same function accurately predicts plastic response of tungsten under conditions not previously seen in training. By demonstrating its ability to learn relevant physics of dislocation motion, our DDD+ML approach opens a promising avenue to bringing fidelity of DDD models closer in line with direct MD simulations at a much reduced computational cost.

Ultrastrong, high plasticity, and softening-resistant refractory high-entropy alloy via stable isostructural coherent interfaces

Traditional approaches for improving the mechanical performance of alloys entail modifying interfaces, particularly grain boundaries, with elemental segregation or secondary phases. However, these methods face challenges in concurrently improving the strength, plasticity, and high-temperature softening resistance of alloys. Here, we uncovered that stable isostructural coherent interfaces effectively address these challenges. In the model body-centered cubic (BCC) MoTaVW refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering, controlling the sintering temperature enhances the preferential segregation of W at interfaces. This results in a distinct BCC W-enriched nanolayer between micrometer-scale grains. This nanolayer facilitates dislocation slip and prevents grain growth, thereby improving both plasticity and resistance to high-temperature softening. Consequently, the MoTaVW RHEA featuring stable isostructural coherent interfaces achieves an ultrahigh yield strength of 1410 MPa and a plasticity of 22 % at ambient temperature. Even at 1200 °C, it maintains a yield strength of 575 MPa under hot compression.

Disconnection units of twinning in body-centered-cubic metals

Twin boundary (TB) migration, facilitated by the motion of disconnections, plays a pivotal role in the deformation of body-centered cubic (BCC) crystals. Comprehending the migration rules of twinning disconnections (TDs) under shear stress is significant in elucidating the role of twin migration in BCC plasticity. Nevertheless, our understanding of the atomic structure and migration mechanics of TDs remains incomplete. In this study, we employ the theory of interfacial defects and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to thoroughly investigate potential {112}[111] TDs in BCC tantalum (Ta). These TDs are characterized by their Burgers vectors, which were predicted through related dichromatic pattern analysis. We reveal that single-layer and double-layer TDs represent the fundamental building blocks (units) of multi-layer TDs. Their migration directions are entirely opposite under the same shear loading, and they cannot annihilate each other when they migrate “face to face”. Furthermore, these migration rules governing single-layer and double-layer TDs offer a comprehensive explanation for the complex composition and decomposition patterns observed among various multi-layer TDs. What's more, we demonstrated that TDs with zero Burgers vector can only be driven as a whole under coupled loading conditions. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of TB migrations in BCC metals.

Bio-Inspired Curved-Elliptical Lattice Structures for Enhanced Mechanical Performance and Deformation Stability.

Lattice structures, characterized by their lightweight nature, high specific mechanical properties, and high design flexibility, have found widespread applications in fields such as aerospace and automotive engineering. However, the lightweight design of lattice structures often presents a trade-off between strength and stiffness. To tackle this issue, a bio-inspired curved-elliptical (BCE) lattice is proposed to enhance the mechanical performance and deformation stability of three-dimensional lattice structures. BCE lattice specimens with different parameters were fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) technology, followed by quasi-static compression tests. Finite element (FE) numerical simulations were also carried out for validation. The results demonstrate that the proposed BCE lattice structures exhibit stronger mechanical performance and more stable deformation modes that can be adjusted through parameter tuning. Specifically, by adjusting the design parameters, the BCE lattice structure can exhibit a bending-dominated delocalized deformation mode, avoiding catastrophic collapse during deformation. The specific energy absorption (SEA) can reach 24.6 J/g at a relative density of only 8%, with enhancements of 48.5% and 297.6% compared with the traditional energy-absorbing lattices Octet and body-center cubic (BCC), respectively. Moreover, the crushing force efficiency (CFE) of the BCE lattice structure surpasses those of Octet and BCC by 34.9% and 15.8%, respectively. Through a parametric study of the influence of the number of peaks N and the curve amplitude A on the compression performance of the BCE lattice structure, the compression deformation mechanism is further analyzed. The results indicate that the curve amplitude A and the number of peaks N have significant impacts on the deformation mode of the BCE lattice. By adjusting the parameters N and A, a structure with a combination of high energy absorption, high stiffness, and strong fracture resistance can be obtained, integrating the advantages of tensile-dominated and bending-dominated lattice structures.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti3Zr1.5Nb(1-x)V(1+x)Al0.25 (x =0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) refractory complex concentrated alloys

Refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptionally high yield strengths, yet their practical applications are severely limited by high density and inherent brittleness. This study seeks to develop novel RCCA systems with enhanced strength and ductility by strategically modulating Group VB elements. The synergistic effects of Nb and V on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties at both room and elevated temperatures of the Ti3Zr1.5Nb(1-x)V(1+x)Al0.25 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) RCCAs were investigated in detail. Alloys with x ≤ 0.4 exhibit a single body-centered cubic (BCC) phase structure, while further V additions leads to the precipitation of a hexagonal ZrV2-type C14 Laves phase and even a V-enriched BCC phase in the interdendritic regions. With the increase in V concentration, the alloys display progressively enhanced strength. Notably, the Ti3Zr1.5Nb0.6V1.4Al0.25 alloy demonstrates optimal mechanical properties, achieving a tensile yield strength of ∼ 1024 MPa, a plastic strain of ∼ 12 % at room temperature, and a compression yield strength of ∼ 689 MPa at 600 ℃. However, the precipitation of brittle phases along grain boundaries results in reduced plasticity in alloys with high V concentrations. The high yield strength of these alloys is primarily attributed to the intrinsic yield strength of the constituent elements, grain boundary strengthening, and solution strengthening induced by severe lattice distortion. This study offers a paradigm for understanding the impact of alloy composition on the structure and properties of RCCAs.

On the plastic deformation mechanism of Al0.6CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy: In-situ EBSD study and crystal plasticity modeling

In this study, in-situ tensile tests with electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) were conducted to reveal the microstructural effects on the plastic deformation behavior of dual-phase Al0.6CoCrFeNi high entropy alloys (HEAs). The in-situ EBSD results demonstrated a uniform distribution of dislocation density in the fine grain (FG) samples, whereas high dislocation density was predominantly localized near body-centered cubic (BCC) phases in the coarse grain (CG) samples. The difference in mechanical properties between face-centered cubic (FCC) and BCC phases caused stress concentration and cracking at the boundaries during tension. The FCC phase within FG samples exhibited excellent plasticity, effectively impeding the propagation and coalescence of microcracks emanating from the BCC phase into longer cracks. For CG samples, brittle cracks formed in BCC phases are easy to merge, thus evolving into long cracks. Crystal plasticity finite element analysis revealed that as the strain increases, stress distribution in FG samples tended to become more homogeneous, whereas for CG samples high stress concentration consistently occurred within BCC phases. The deformation characteristics of FG were attributed to the synergistic effect generated by the FCC phase with heterogeneous grain size and the BCC phase characterized by small grain size.

First-principles data for solid solution niobium-tantalum-vanadium alloys with body-centered-cubic structures

We present four open-source datasets that provide results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations of ground-state properties of refractory solid solution binary alloys niobium-tantalum (NbTa), niobium-vanadium (NbV), tantalum-vanadium (TaV), and ternary alloys NbTaV ordered in body-centered-cubic (BCC) structures with 128 Bravais lattice sites. The first-principles code used to run the calculations is the Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package. The calculations have been collected by uniformly sampling chemical compositions across the entire compositional range. For each chemical composition, the calculations have been run for 100 randomized arrangements of the constituents on the BCC lattice sites. This sampling methodology resulted in running DFT simulations for a total of 3,100 randomized atomic configurations over 31 chemical compositions for each of the three binary alloys Nb-Ta, Nb-V, Ta-V, and a total of 10,500 randomized atomic structures over 105 chemical compositions for the ternary alloys Nb-Ta-V. For each atomic configuration, geometry optimization has been performed, and the data released contains information about each step of geometry optimization for each atomic configuration.

Bio-corrosion behaviors and bio-compatibilities of TiNbZrTa and TiNbZrTaMo high entropy alloys

The bio-corrosion behavior and bio-compatibility of TiNbZrTa and TiNbZrTaMo high entropy alloys (HEAs) are crucial for their efficient maintenance during biological implantation. In this work, TiNbZrTa and TiNbZrTaMo HEAs were successfully prepared via vacuum melting, with a β-type titanium alloy Ti35Nb7Zr5Ta, exhibiting good biocompatibility used as a comparison. Due to the high entropy effect of equal atomic ratios, both TiNbZrTa and TiNbZrTaMo HEAs exhibit body-centered cubic (BCC) structure and lattice distortion compared to the β titanium alloy Ti35Nb7Zr5Ta. Mo elements contribute to the formation of a new BCC phase, resulting in a white matrix rich in Ta and Mo, and a dark second phase rich in Ti, Zr, and Nb. Electrochemical test results at 37 °C shown that TiNbZrTa has a wider and more stable passivation area than TiNbZrTaMo. The XPS results shown that formation of the passive film is related to the main elements added. Ti, Nb, Ta and Mo formed oxides via the solid-liquid interface and migrate inward, while Zr is formed at the passivation film/metal substrate interface and migrates outward, finally forming the layered structure of the passivation film. Additionally, the cytotoxicity test of mouse fiber cells was carried out to evaluate the biocompatibility of the HEAs. The results shown that the cell proliferation rate of TiNbZrTa and TiNbZrTaMo HEAs reached 0 and 1, respectively, with TiNbZrTa exhibiting better biocompatibility, as adding Mo reduced the cell proliferation rate. These findings may provide a method for predicting the bio-corrosion behavior and bio-compatibility of HEAs used for biological implantation.

Construction of hard BCC phases FeCrVMnTix wear-resistant high-entropy alloy coatings enhanced by solid solution of Ti elements

To address the complex working conditions encountered by 1Cr13 ferritic/martensitic steel during operation, it is imperative to develop high-entropy alloys (HEAs) protective coatings with enhanced friction resistance. In this work, guided by the valence electron concentration criterion, we constructed a single-phase body-centered cubic (BCC) structure with high hardness. This was achieved through the introduction of titanium (Ti), which has a significantly different atomic radius compared to other elements. FeCrVMnTix (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) coatings were fabricated on 1Cr13 steel surfaces using laser cladding techniques, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear-resistance properties of Ti-doped HEA coatings were investigated. The results reveal that the FeCrVMnTix coatings are comprised of a BCC solid solution. Increasing Ti content refined the dendritic structure of the coatings, enhancing the Vickers hardness from 4.35 GPa to 8.27 GPa and the Young's modulus from 232.6 GPa to 273.2 GPa. Additionally, the wear rate decreased from 3.07 × 10−5 mm3·N−1·m−1 to 4.94 × 10−6 mm3·N−1·m−1. Notably, the FeCrVMnTi2.0 coating demonstrated excellent wear resistance that can be attributed to the solid solution strengthening effect of Ti. These findings underscore the pivotal role of Ti in enhancing the wear resistance of the coatings.