Women's Bodies Research Articles

Combined perceptual and chemical analyses show no compelling evidence for ovulatory cycle shifts in women's axillary odour.

Although men's attraction to women's body odour has been suggested to vary over the ovulatory cycle, peaking around the fertile window, we still lack methodologically robust evidence corroborating this effect. Further, the chemical underpinnings of male preference for the odour of ovulating women remain unknown. Here, we combined perceptual and chemical analyses to investigate the axillary odour of naturally cycling women over 10 days, covering the gradual change in fertility across the ovulatory cycle with a focus on fertile days. The fertile state was confirmed by urinary ovulation tests as well as salivary oestradiol and progesterone levels. Men rated the scent of unfamiliar women, resembling a first encounter. We used multivariate analyses to relate variation in both odour ratings and chemical composition to female conception probability, temporal distance to ovulation and ovarian hormone levels. Our results provide no evidence that males prefer the odour of fertile women. Furthermore, the volatile analysis indicated no link between axillary odour composition and current fertility status. Together, our results showed no convincing support for a chemical fertility cue in women's axillary odour, questioning the presence of olfactory fertility information that is recognizable during first encounters in modern humans.

FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AKSEPTOR KB DALAM MEMILIH METODE KONTRASEPSI SUNTIK DI PRAKTIK MANDIRI BIDAN(PMB) ANNISA KOTA PRABUMULIH

Injectable contraception is a contraceptive in the form of a liquid that is injected into a woman's body periodically and contains hormones, then enters the blood vessels to be absorbed little by little by the body which is useful for preventing pregnancy. The aim of the study was to find out the factors that influence family planning acceptors in choosing the injection contraceptive method at the Independent Midwife Practice (PMB) Annisa Prabumulih. The research method is analytic in nature, using a Cross Sectional approach. The population of this study were all active family planning acceptors at Annisa Prabumulih's Independent Midwife Practice (PMB). Sampling in this study using a total sampling technique, namely as many as 57 respondents. Research instruments in the form of checklists and questionnaires. The results of the study based on biivariate analysis there is a significant relationship between education and the choice of family planning injection contraception with a Pvalue of 0.000 <? 0.05, there is a significant relationship between knowledge and the choice of family planning injection contraception with a Pvalue of 0.000 <? 0.05, there is a significant relationship between husband's support and selection of contraceptive injections with a Pvalue of 0.001 < ? 0.05.

On Not Having it All: Exploring the Fetishization of Trans Women by Heterosexual Men.

The appeal of transgender pornography, especially involving "pre-op"(erative) trans women, has steadily increased placing it in the top six most searched categories. In this paper I explore one unconscious function of the "pre-op" trans woman sexual fantasy that I have observed in some young heterosexual gynandromorphophilic men (i.e., men sexually drawn to the MtF "pre-op" body) who use transgender pornography and/or escorts. In contrast to a psychoanalytic reading of gynandromorphophilia in which the "pre-op" trans woman's body is understood to be "missing nothing" because she has breasts and a penis, I suggest that what is psychically compelling and sexually arousing for some men is quite the opposite: because the "pre-op" trans woman has a penis, she therefore has no vagina/womb. It is the triumph over what is missing and that should be there. The penis in lieu of the vagina/womb is evidence of her damaged procreative potential. In these cases, I propose that the sexual preference exposes the man's underlying womb envy. The "pre-op" trans woman is projectively identified with a felt-to-be "infertile" part of the man. The phantasized damaged woman's procreative body temporarily relieves the man of his sense of inadequacy and anxieties about his capacity to create and enliven. I illustrate this dynamic with clinical examples.

Obstetrics during the French Revolution: political and medical controversies around the new obstetrical surgery

ABSTRACT During the French Revolution, obstetrics underwent substantial transformations in practice, teaching, and the physical spaces where it was conducted. The revolutionary authorities implemented reforms in French medical institutions that promoted an instrument-centred style and the dissemination of novel surgical techniques in obstetrics. The selection of professors for the obstetrics chair at the newly established École de santé and the appointment of chiefs for the new maternity ward in Paris favoured proponents of a mechanistic approach to labour assistance. This essay explores the theoretical principles and societal pressures that guided these transformative reforms and the remarkable changes they introduced in healthcare and in the practise of medicine and surgery. Furthermore, it examines the consolidation of new epistemological, ethical, and professional boundaries within the context of late eighteenth-century French obstetrics. A critical section of this study focuses on the debate ignited by the contemporaries who voiced concerns that the rise of surgical interventions on pregnant women's bodies might result in unwarranted violence, in a diminishing of midwives’ roles, and in a departure from the tradition of natural childbirth. These controversies among obstetricians highlight significant contradictions within the Revolutionary medical reforms.

The Continuum of Violence and Interstices in the Journeys and Bodies of Women on the Move From West Africa.

On the migration route from Western and Central Africa to Europe, aggression toward women's bodies has played a prominent role. In this study, we analyze this route as a continuum of violence and also study the interstices to confront it. Using a biographical narrative methodology, we analyze the narratives of 52 migrant women, through life stories or creative narrative workshops carried out in Mali, Morocco, and Spain. The results allow us to systematize the continuum of violence that the women report, understood as a pedagogy of cruelty but also the possible spaces to build a safe landscape.

Relationship between dyadic communication and body image among women with breast cancer.

Dyadic communication positively affects marital relationships, good relationships help restore body image, and this study explores the relationship between dyadic communication and body image of breast cancer patients. Cross-sectional correlation design with convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from two outpatient medical centers. Demographic information, medical records, and two questionnaires, dyadic communicative resilience scale (DCRS) and body image scale (BIS), were administered. Participants comprised women with breast cancer and their partners. Multiple regression analysis was performed to control related factors to understand the association between the DCRS of the women with breast cancer and their partners and the women's body image. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to analyze between three categories of couple's communication status (consistent and good, consistent and poor, and inconsistent) and body image of women with breast cancer. Data were obtained from 162 women with breast cancer and 90 partners. The study found (1) significant correlation between the women's perception of their communication and body image, (2) humor in partner's perception of their communication was significantly associated with women's body image, and (3) dyadic communication that both patients and partners were consistent and good in the domain of keeping pre-cancer routines and attractiveness was associated with women's body image. The correlation between dyadic communication and the body image of women with breast cancer is significant. Improving communication specific on keepingpre-cancer routines and attractiveness between women with breast cancer and their partners could enhance the women's body image.

Finally … the team! Navigating obstacles in girls’ access to football

ABSTRACT The article provides educational and pedagogical insights to strengthen the inclusiveness of girls who decide to participate in a female football team. The article presents a bottom-up content analysis to explore the experiences of Italian girls gaining access to women’s football, identifying four key phases: (1) informal football experiences; (2) the search for a female team; (3) parental resistance; and (4) joining a female team. In informal football matches, girls face discriminatory attitudes from boys, but affirm their equality by showcasing their playing skills. At the exo-system level, girls face challenges finding local girls’ teams due to geographical distance. Such obstacle forces some of them to join male teams. The girls also encounter parental resistance rooted in stereotypical views of women's bodies and cultural ideals about suitable sports for women. Some girls overcome these challenges, expressing their passion and feelings to their parents, while others are met with less favorable outcomes. Joining a female team is finally described as being symbolic of support and solidarity among the girls, marking a significant and positive change in their overall football experience. The study highlights the interconnected influence of macro, meso, and microystems shaping girls’ access to football.

O-083 Sexual function in women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI): systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Study question What is the impact of idiopathic premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) on sexual function in women? Summary answer Women with POI exhibit significant reduced sexual function and a higher risk of sexual dysfunction than healthy control women. What is known already POI is a life-changing diagnosis with profound physical and psychological consequences. The impact of POI on sexual complaints, seems multifaceted. Many women report vaginal dryness, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), and diminished libido, but also psychosexual function could be impaired, with potential effects on sexual identity, sexual function, and sexual relationships. Furthermore, the POI diagnosis can have a significant impact on a woman's self-esteem and body image, which could result in problems with sexual function. The ESHRE Guideline emphasizes the importance of providing psychological support and counseling to address the emotional and psychosexual impact of POI. Study design, size, duration This systematic review and meta-analysis is reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The following online databases were systematically searched: EMBASE, Medline(Ovid), Web of Science, Coachrane, PsychInfo and Google Scholar up to January 2023. Participants/materials, setting, methods A total of ten studies were included in the systematic review and five studies involving 352 women with POI were included in the meta-analysis. Random effects models were used for analyses, with data reported as Hedges’ g and 95% confidence interval, and the risk of heterogeneity was evaluated. Main results and the role of chance Eight of the ten studies concluded that women with POI have a reduced sexual function. An overall medium Hedges’ g effect size of −0.72 was found (ranging between −0.20 to −1.29) in favor of control women, with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 64%). When we stratified studies in which women were using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) we calculated an even higher Hedges’ g effect size of −0.82 (95% CI −1.18, −0.47). Pooled data from the different FSFI domains, revealed that women with POI scored significantly lower on all domains. Especially the domain ‘dyspareunia’ exhibited the greatest dissimilarity (Hedges g of −0.63, 95%CI −0.86, −0.39) in women with POI compared to control. Limitations, reasons for caution We have reported a moderate heterogeneity which may be caused by differences in age, duration of diagnosis, infertility status, and socioeconomic background in the various studies. Additionally, limitations such as selection bias, data duplication, and questionnaire variation were identified. Wider implications of the findings The results show that women with POI have reduced sexual function, and HRT use did not improve sexual function. This suggest that oral HRT is less effective for sexual dysfunction. There could be an important role for psychological factors in improving sexual well-being among women with POI. Trial registration number CRD42023437203 (PROSPERO)

Beyond Mastectomy: The Incidence of Subsequent Aesthetic Procedures after Mastectomy with and without Breast Reconstruction.

Mastectomy poses significant challenges to a woman's body image and psychological well-being, and breast reconstruction plays a pivotal role in postoperative quality of life. Following breast reconstruction, many patients choose to have subsequent aesthetic procedures. Data on the prevalence of such subsequent aesthetic interventions are lacking in the literature. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in aesthetic procedures in patients following mastectomy with and without breast reconstruction. The PearlDiver database was queried within its capabilities for patients who underwent mastectomy with and without breast reconstruction, and a variety of aesthetic procedures after mastectomy. Aesthetic procedure rates were compared between cohorts. We identified 365,525 mastectomy patients: 282,815 without reconstruction and 82,710 with reconstruction. In total, 609 patients with reconstruction and 329 without underwent subsequent aesthetic procedures. The rate of aesthetic procedures was higher in the reconstruction group (0.7%) compared with the nonreconstruction group (0.1%; P < 0.001). Patients who chose to have breast reconstruction after mastectomy underwent significantly more subsequent aesthetic procedures compared with those who chose mastectomy alone. Our findings provide insights on the prevalence of aesthetic procedures in postmastectomy patients, highlighting the potentially longitudinal nature of the reconstructive and aesthetic journey beyond the index oncologic procedure. Further research is needed to address motivations for such procedures as well as patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction.

VOICING LIBERATION OF WOMEN: QASIM AMIN AND ASMA BARLAS

Does Islam advocate inequality? This question has been a concern of Muslim scholars in recent centuries, notably Qasim Amin and Asma Barlas. Hence, this paper aims to make a comparative study of Amin and Barlas’s thoughts on the liberation of women. The data will be analyzed through a descriptive-analytic approach. The analysis finds that Amin and Barlas have similarities and differences in voicing women's freedom. They criticize and reconstruct some concepts considered established within the Islamic tradition, such as hijāb and polygamy. They firmly oppose the established idea of hijab, which means covering women's entire bodies except for their eyes, which is contrary to Islamic teaching. They disagree, however, on which a hijab should cover parts of a woman's body. Furthermore, Amin broadens the definition of hijāb, which restricts women's movements (qasr al-mar’ah fī al-bait). In terms of polygamy, however, they critically assessed the classical understanding of the permissibility of polygamy. Therefore, they impose strict conditions on the permissibility of polygamy. Nevertheless, Amin seems to advocate that polygamy is not permissible. Amin and Barlas were inspired to reform Muslim society, specifically women's liberation, by their social context and experiences. Despite their good intentions, their ideas have received both criticism and praise. This mixed reception emphasizes the continuous struggle in the Muslim world about gender, tradition, and modernization.

The Sweet Relationship between the Endometrium and Protein Glycosylation.

The endometrium is an important part of women's bodies for menstruation and pregnancy. Various proteins are widely expressed on the surface of endometrial cells, and glycosylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins. Glycosylation modification is closely related not only to endometrial receptivity but also to common diseases related to endometrial receptivity. Glycosylation can improve endometrial receptivity, promote embryo localization and trophoblast cell adhesion and invasion, and contribute to successful implantation. Two diseases related to endometrial receptivity include endometriosis and endometrial cancer. As a common benign disease in women, endometriosis is often accompanied by an increased menstrual volume, prolonged menstrual periods, progressive and aggravated dysmenorrhea, and may be accompanied by infertility. Protein glycosylation modification of the endometrial surface indicates the severity of the disease and may be an important pathogenesis of endometriosis. In cancer, glycosylation modifications on the surface of tumor cells can be a marker to distinguish the type and severity of endometrial cancer. This review highlights the role of protein glycosylation in embryo-maternal endometrial dialogue and explores its potential mechanisms in diseases related to endometrial receptivity, which could provide a new clinical approach for their diagnosis and treatment.

Konstrusi Media Tentang Perempuan Pelaku Kejahatan Predator Seksual Anak

This study seeks to reveal gender bias in the headline news of kompas.com concerning the case of a woman perpetrator of sexual crimes against 11 children in Jambi. The research utilizes Peter L. Berger's social construction theory, Erving Goffman's framing, and Pierre Bourdieu's symbolic violence. Employing Robert Entman's framing analysis model, the findings of this study uncover that the portrayal of women is divided into three constructs imbued with gender bias. Gender bias arises due to the practice of symbolic violence. First, the female perpetrator of sexual crimes is depicted as engaging in unseemly, reprehensible actions that contravene societal values and norms. Second, the woman's vital body becomes a newsworthy asset that is advantageous. Third, the news exhibits ambivalence; on one hand, it provides information on preventing sexual crimes, while on the other hand, it inadvertently offers a tutorial-like narrative on committing sexual offenses against children.

GINGER CANDY CONSUMPTION AND ITS IMPACT ON FIRST TRIMESTER NAUSEA

Pregnancy brings changes to a woman's body, including in the digestive system which can cause nausea and vomiting, which generally occurs in the first trimester. Morning sickness is a common complaint in pregnancy, but there are also more severe conditions, such as hyperemesis gravidarum. Treatment for nausea and vomiting can be done with pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapy. Ginger, with its antiemetic properties, is a popular choice. Ginger candy is an effective way to consume ginger to reduce nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women. Ginger steeping has also been proven effective in reducing symptoms of nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women. This study aims to analyze the effect of giving ginger candy on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. This research is a national literature review that was searched using Google Scholar with the keywords "nausea, vomiting", "ginger candy", and "pregnant women". Next, 5 national articles were selected. From all the articles it is known that there is an effect of ginger candy on reducing the level of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women.

Land ownership and nutrition in Nepal

AbstractThis paper provides empirical evidence on the relationship between women's land ownership and nutritional outcomes in Nepal. Using three waves of the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey and employing a bounding technique by Oster, I estimate bounded treatment effects of land ownership. The results show that women's land ownership is associated with a reduction in the incidence of childhood underweight and stunting and an increase in women's body mass index. Additionally, I find the selection on unobservable characteristics has to be larger than the selection on observable characteristics to drive these estimates to zero, suggesting that land ownership credibly improves nutritional outcomes. Furthermore, heterogeneous results show that the negative association between land ownership and childhood nutritional status is more prominent in male children and children from the Brahmin caste. Similarly, the negative relationship between land ownership and underweight in women is more pronounced in women employed in agriculture and rural areas. While I argue that landownership improves nutrition, these estimates are sensitive to the assumptions made.

Modern methods for assessing blood loss in childbirth and diagnosing postpartum hemorrhage: A review

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Russia and worldwide. Accurate calculation of circulating blood volume (CBV) and personalized estimation of the extent of blood loss (EBL) play vital roles in the early diagnosis of PPH. Visual assessment of BL in childbirth is an available diagnostic method, but it has a high error rate compared to the gravimetric method. A dynamic assessment of the shock index (SI) as an indicator that reflects hemodynamic disorders early enough can be used as an additional diagnostic method for PPH and a test that allows predicting the need for transfusion of blood products. Aim. To review current literature on the assessment of BL in childbirth and the diagnosis of PPH. Materials and methods. The search for publications by Russian and foreign authors was carried out in the information electronic databases PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and eLibrary from 2016 to January 2024 using the keywords "obstetric blood loss," "PPH," and "SI." Results. When assessing the CBV, its correlation with the body mass index was revealed. Subjective methods for the PPH assessment have a large margin of error, which does not depend on the experience and seniority of the healthcare provider. The gravimetric method is more accurate, but it can underestimate the clinical situation when physiological blood loss is exceeded. Dynamic assessment of SI is an early marker of hemodynamic disorders and makes it possible to identify patients with a high risk of adverse outcomes more reliably than other parameters. Conclusion. In order to provide timely and adequate emergency medical care for excessive obstetric blood loss, a personalized approach should be used to calculate the EBL, taking into account the woman's body mass index, as well as a systematic assessment of the BL, including at least the extent of blood loss and monitoring of the SI.

Multimedia Integration in Learning to Draw Women's Body Proportions: A Case Study of Class X Fashion Students at SMK Darussalam Banyuwangi

Multimedia Integration in Learning to Draw Women's Body Proportions: A Case Study of Class X Fashion Students at SMK Darussalam Banyuwangi

Images of Modern Beauties in the Japanese Colonial Era of Korea (1910-1945).

This study aimed to analyze images of the modern beauty of Korea during the Japanese colonial era. Searches were conducted on Google ( www.google.com ) and Naver ( www.naver.com ) for archives of newspapers and magazines that contained images of beauty. Beauty of the face and neck (the early 1920s): an article (1922) detailed the contemporary beauty standards. It specifies the desired characteristics of the eyes, nose, and mouth and dictates that "the cheeks ought to be plump enough to obscure the cheekbones" and "the neck and shoulders should also be full, concealing the collarbones." Images of beauty showing balance and proportion (the late 1920s): in 1928, a magazine article introduced the concept of "the world's beauty from a scientific perspective," which represented Western esthetics as reflected in the "Canon" of body proportions and Vitruvian Man. From the face to the body (from the late 1920s to 1930s): in 1927, a daily newspaper established the standard for global beauty. During this period, there was an increased emphasis on maintaining the body, rather than just the face, as a crucial aspect of beauty. From the mid-1930s, the concept of a "streamlined" female body shape gained popularity. Male gaze, which fragmented and objectified women's bodies, had been visualized and mass-produced. It is essential to understand how preferences have evolved and to possess skilled hands capable of improving the face and body. To properly sculpt the face and body, keen eyes and adept hands are needed.

FEATURES OF COPD STRUCTURE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

Currently, there is a clear trend towards an increase in the elderly population. Their share in the population of many countries has exceeded 20%. Prevention of aging is one of the most actively and dynamically developing new areas of medicine in recent years. Factors such as decreased metabolism, dysfunction of the endocrine system and immunity, impaired microcirculation and neurohumoral regulation play a role in the process of natural aging. The age-related decrease in estrogen levels in a woman's body plays an important role in the development of endogenous changes in COPD. Skin aging plays an important role in the mechanism of the overall biological aging process of the body. On the one hand, the mucous membrane of the oral cavity determines metabolic, structural and functional changes common to the entire body, and the condition of the skin as a whole may indicate the degree of aging of the body. On the other hand, the oral cavity is an organ that is constantly in contact with the external environment, as a result of which signs of aging can appear much earlier than in other organs.

The Relationship between Sleep Quality and Stress Levels with The Menstrual Cycle in Final Year Midwifery Student, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University

Background: Stress is a condition when a person is unable to accepted the demands and pressures that exist. Sleep quality can be assessed by sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep disturbance and daytime functioning. Poor sleep quality can cause physiological function disorders in the body, especially hormonal disorders related to the menstrual cycle. Hormonal disorders in a woman's body caused menstrual cycle irregularities such as secondary amenorrhea, polymenorrhea and oligomenorrhea Every woman will experience a different menstrual cycle based on the condition of their individual bodies. Menstruation can be affected by stress levels and sleep quality. Objective: Knowing the relationship between sleep quality and stress levels with the menstrual cycle in final year midwifery students Medical Faculty Universitas Brawijaya. Methods: This study used a cross sectional design. The sample used according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 63 students. This research instrument used PSQI questionnaire, DASS questionnaire and menstrual cycle questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi Square test and Fisher's Exact test, and multivariate analysis was performed with logistic regression test. Results: There was no significant relationship between sleep quality and menstrual cycle (p-value 0.584) and there was no significant relationship between stress level and menstrual cycle (p-value 0.469) in final year Midwifery students Medical Faculty Universitas Brawijaya. More in-depth research is needed related to other factors that cause students' menstrual cycles to be disrupted.

The female body on bicycles: a case study on the "Bicycle Face"

As a result of innovations in bicycle styles and an increase in the number of women cyclists, the medical community and mass media have begun to pay attention to a condition known as " bicycle face". Women were thought to be the main victims of this condition. Many people believe that cycling has other health consequences. This article examined the history of bicycle face, using medical journals from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Europe and the United States as primary sources. Articles from popular journals and secondary sources were also reviewed. On this basis, this study analyzes the discussion of women's cycling-related issues in the medical community, and the cultural and social factors behind them, and examines the interaction between the medical community's attitudes towards women's cycling and social and cultural backgrounds, so as to further enrich the relevant research on women's body history and social history.