Government Bodies Research Articles

The Function of Saniri as a Means of Controlling Village Development

The saniri institution is a traditional governance body in Maluku, particularly in Central Maluku, responsible for formulating village (negeri) programs, drafting regulations, electing the village head (raja), and overseeing the negeri government’s implementation of development initiatives. Despite its long-standing role and adherence by indigenous communities, concerns have emerged regarding its effectiveness in governance oversight. This study examines the implementation of the saniri’s control function in overseeing development projects in Lumoli Negeri, West Seram Regency. Employing qualitative research methods, findings reveal that the community, as represented by key informants, expresses dissatisfaction with the saniri’s supervisory role. Many perceive that development efforts have failed to meet expectations due to the saniri’s lack of oversight, resulting in underutilized infrastructure and facilities. This study seeks to identify the underlying factors that hinder the saniri’s ability to perform its control function and explore strategies to strengthen its governance role. Enhancing the saniri institution's effectiveness is crucial to ensuring that village development initiatives are successfully implemented and fully utilized by the community.

Generation apprenticeships – a perspective through the lens of industry learners

ABSTRACT Apprenticeship pathways are widely recognised as effective for earning while learning and acquiring practical and theoretical skills on the job. The rise of consortia-led apprenticeships reflects growing recognition by educational institutions, government bodies, and industry of the benefits of combining work, learning, and academic awards. However, there is a notable lack of published literature on the unique experiences of apprentices in third-level education, particularly in consortia-led supply chain programmes. This study seeks to fill that gap by offering insights to establish best practices and enhance the success of the supply chain apprenticeship programme. It examines experiences from 67 apprenticeship learners across various industries. Understanding apprentices’ journeys, from their initial awareness of programmes to the support they receive, while identifying the challenges they face is essential. This research offers valuable insights for all stakeholders to positively influence the effectiveness of future consortia-led supply chain apprenticeships.

Mapping the transformative realm of blockchain-enabled central bank digital currencies: a bibliometric analysis

Abstract There has been an upsurge in the research and analysis of blockchain-enabled central bank digital currencies. This increased interest can be observed across academic institutions, financial entities, and government bodies. Consequently, numerous literature reviews have been conducted to consolidate and present the development of studies on blockchain-enabled central bank digital currencies. Nevertheless, most studies have depended on only one database for their analysis and/or adopted a broader approach encompassing various aspects. This study aimed to address the limitations of existing literature review studies by adopting a more targeted approach while utilizing extensive databases and contemporary analysis methods. Using a bibliometric analysis the study maps the literature on blockchain-enabled central bank digital currencies from 2017 to 2024, sourced from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. It identifies influential authors, active journals, countries, and documents in the field. Moreover, this study outlines the thematic structure and recent advances in the field through co-word analysis. It also highlights gaps in the literature and proposes six key directions for future research.

The Role of BIM 6D and 7D in Enhancing Sustainable Construction Practices: A Qualitative Study

The construction industry in Kuwait is experiencing a transformative shift with the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies, particularly BIM 6D for sustainability analysis and 7D for facility management. This study investigates the integration of these dimensions to address sustainability challenges in Kuwait’s construction sector, aligning practices with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through qualitative interviews with 15 stakeholders—including architects, engineers, and contractors—and analysis of industry reports, policies, and case studies, the research identifies both opportunities for and barriers to BIM adoption. While BIM offers significant potential for lifecycle analysis, waste reduction, and energy efficiency, its adoption remains limited, with only 27% of construction waste recycled. Challenges include high initial costs, a shortage of skilled personnel, and resistance to change. The study highlights actionable strategies, including enhanced regulatory frameworks, university curriculum integration, and professional training programs led by the Kuwait Society of Engineers, to address these barriers. It also emphasizes the critical role of collaboration among government bodies, industry leaders, and institutions like the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. Drawing from successful international BIM projects, the findings offer a practical framework for improving sustainability in arid regions, positioning Kuwait’s experience as a model for other Middle Eastern and North African countries. This research underscores the transformative role of BIM technologies in advancing global sustainable construction practices and achieving a more efficient and eco-friendly future.

An In-vitro, In-vivo and Clinical Trials of Somaraji Taila in the management of Dadru Kushta

Dermatophytosis has become a significant health problem affecting children, adolescents, and adults worldwide. In India 5 out of 1000 people suffer from Tinea infections. The present study evaluated the antifungal activity of Somaraji Taila in Tinea (Dermatophytosis) in Invitro & Invivo model. Cultures were brought from MTCC a government body and inoculated in SDA media under aseptic condition. Later it was subjected to microscopic and macroscopic examination to identify the organism. A sensitivity test was done using SDA media by well diffusion method, with 4 different concentrations of Hydro-Methanolic extraction of Somaraji Taila ingredients. After the incubation period, the zone of inhibition was checked and was measured in mm. As the next phase of the study, animal study was also conducted to check antifungal properties & anti-dermal toxicity on albino rat skin and conducted clinical study on 30 Diagnosed subject Dadru Kushta who were randomly allocated with 15 each in two groups. Somaraji Taila was taken for one group which was compared against widely used clinical formulation Chakramarda Taila taken as standard for local application in another group. The application was done for 14 days, and the data was collected from the subjects at baseline, 8th day (during treatment), 15th day (after treatment) and 21st day (follow-up). The assessment was based on the KASI method of grading. The results of the study showed that there was there was highly statistically significant difference between the effect of Somaraji Taila and Chakramarda Taila in Dadru Kushta.

PRINCIPLES OF IMPLEMENTING LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL STATE

The article highlights the principles of local self-government in the conditions of martial law, starting from February 2014 and especially during the period of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine. The provisions of individual regulatory legal acts regulating the activities of local self-government bodies during the period of the special legal regime are considered. The article analyzes the key tasks facing local councils, executive committees and other self-government bodies in ensuring the vital activity of territorial communities, public safety, the functioning of critical infrastructure and social protection of the population. Special attention is paid to the interaction of local authorities with military administrations, central government bodies and public associations in the context of joint coordination of efforts to support the state's defense capability. Institutional changes and the need for rapid adaptation of management processes to the challenges of wartime are identified. The role of local government in building community resilience, attracting resources for the restoration of damaged infrastructure and organizing humanitarian aid is investigated. The article outlines the main problems faced by local governments in wartime, including resource constraints, personnel challenges, the need for rapid decision-making and implementation in crisis situations. It suggests ways to improve local governance mechanisms, including the introduction of digital technologies and strengthening the legal framework for effective work during martial law.

V. I. VERNADSKY'S NOOSPHERE AND THE CONDITION FOR PROVIDING THE «DICTATORSHIP OF MIND» IN HUMAN COMMUNITIES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINE

The article, based on the analysis of the existing experience of using management technologies of involvement, participation and inclusion of human resources in the processes of development, adoption and implementation of management decisions important for the development of territorial communities (TC) of Ukraine, demonstrates that these technologies are still used in practical management to a very limited extent. This is caused by residual manifestations of the traditions of command-administrative management, inherent in the institutional structure of the Soviet period and the long-term impact on the formation of the consciousness of human resources on the principles of collectivism, centralized management and the laws of a non-market economy. It is shown that the radical changes taking place in Ukrainian society require adequate changes in public management technologies at all levels of the state management hierarchy and, first of all, at its basic level – territorial communities, for which it is necessary to intensify the use of the main resource of their population – social, integral or collective intelligence, capable and must ensure the «dictatorship of mind» in the management of the life of communities. A method, tool and conditions have been proposed, under which only people mentally oriented and prepared to work for the benefit of the community, and not personal or group interests and goals, will be included in the leadership and staff of a local government body. The results and conclusions obtained can potentially be used to manage the necessary changes in individual and group intellectual portraits of human resources of communities, which will require a number of additional experimental studies.

Strengthening Ecosystems and Biodiversity Conservation in Response To Climate Change In Saudi Arabia

This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on Saudi Arabia’s ecosystems, particularly water scarcity and biodiversity loss. It focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of current adaptation strategies, including innovative water conservation techniques, sustainable agricultural practices, and biodiversity protection efforts. We employed a qualitative approach using the Delphi method to gather insights from a panel of 12 experts in climate science, biodiversity conservation, and water resource management. The experts evaluated the critical impacts of climate change on the environment and provided recommendations for improving adaptation strategies. Data collected through multiple rounds of expert feedback were analyzed to identify consensus on effective policy reforms and adaptive measures. The findings suggest that Saudi Arabia must prioritize climate adaptation efforts as part of its Vision 2030 objectives, which aim to strengthen environmental sustainability and economic diversification. The study advocates for policy reforms that promote both ecological preservation and innovative solutions to climate challenges. It also underscores the importance of collaboration between governmental bodies, the private sector, and local communities to effectively address the escalating threats posed by climate change and to safeguard the country’s fragile ecosystems for future generations. Keywords: climate change, sustainability, ecosystems, water management, biodiversity

Scan and share to register outpatients, India.

To address the long waiting times patients incur when visiting outpatient departments in India. In 2022, the National Health Authority in India developed a paperless service, called Scan and Share, leveraging mobile technology and QR (quick-response) codes to streamline outpatient department appointments. Patients can use a mobile application (app) to scan QR codes at health facilities, generating tokens linked to registration counters. The service integrates patients' demographic data from their Ayushman Bharat Health Account with the facilities' health information systems. Collaboration with government bodies, health workers and patient advocacy groups ensured compliance with data protection regulations. For developers, the National Health Authority published detailed technical specifications outlining standards for app functionality, security and interoperability on the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission platform. Launched in 2021, Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission in India aims to digitize health care, creating a shared digital infrastructure for affordable and accessible care. As at 19 October 2024, the Scan and Share service operates in 16 939 health-care facilities across 35 states and territories. The service has reduced waiting times from 1hour to 2-5minutes. Out of 56 801 213 tokens generated, 714 014 (1.3%) were issued in the private sector. There are currently 2074 active developers, with 1545 from the private sector. The Scan and Share service is transforming health-care delivery by reducing outpatient department queues, waiting times and errors. High-performing states can provide valuable insights for states with low service adoption.

Comparison of blockchain vs. centralised IT infrastructure costs for food traceability: a Thai broiler supply chain case study

A robust food traceability system is crucial for ensuring seamless information flow within supply chains. While the current centralised approach, typically led by a supply chain leader, facilitates information exchange, it faces significant limitations, such as prolonged tracing processes and a lack of transparency. Blockchain technology presents a promising solution to address these challenges. However, concerns persist about the costs of IT infrastructure required to operate blockchain-based systems. This research compares the costs between centralised and blockchain ecosystems, focusing on the total cost for the entire industry, using the Thai broiler supply chain as a case study. We analysed both centralised and blockchain IT models, selecting 13 deployment scenarios for comparison. The Thai broiler supply chain provided data on IT infrastructure usage, with Monte Carlo simulation employed to address undisclosed supply chain data. The IT infrastructure costs for each scenario were calculated and compared. The analysis reveals a significant finding: blockchain implementation results in approximately 43% lower infrastructure costs compared to the practical centralised approach. This cost-effectiveness suggests that third parties, such as government bodies or central regulatory agencies, could play a crucial role in supporting the transition from centralised to blockchain-based food traceability systems, thereby enhancing supply chain transparency, efficiency, and food safety.

A Review on Object Detection for Autonomous Vehicles

The automation industries have been developing since the first demonstration in the period 1980 to 2000 it is mainly used on automated driving vehicle. Now a day’s automotive companies, technology companies, government bodies, research institutions and academia, investors and venture capitalists are interested in autonomous vehicles. In this work, object detection on road is proposed, which uses deep learning (DL) algorithms. You only look once (YOLO V3, V4, V5). Object detection is an essential component of perception in autonomous vehicles, forming the basis for navigation, collision avoidance, and scene understanding. Additionally, recent fusion techniques combining LiDAR, radar, and visual data, such as MV3D and AVOD, offer improvements in occlusion handling and distance estimation, contributing to better performance in real-world scenarios. The challenges of object detection under adverse conditions, including low-light and inclement weather, are also addressed by techniques such as robust multi-sensor fusion and novel data augmentation methods.

Evaluation of the Recent Dynamics for Funding Medicinal Chemistry Projects in Academia. Results of a Survey Conducted by IUPAC Division VII (Chemistry and Human Health).

Data collected from scholars across twenty-three countries over the past decade (2010-2019) reveals a 40% decrease in financial support for medicinal chemistry projects. The decline is especially notable among projects focused on small organic molecules. This drop in grants indicates a troubling trend that could jeopardize future drug development by undermining research in this crucial field. The reduction in funding not only affects ongoing research but also threatens the education and training of future medicinal chemists, potentially leading to a shortage of skilled professionals in the pharmaceutical industry. To counteract this negative trend, it is imperative for funding agencies, the pharmaceutical sector, and government bodies to take immediate action. Strengthening financial support is essential to sustain innovation in drug development and ensure the continued advancement of medicinal chemistry as a vital academic and practical discipline.

Friends and Foes in the Battle Field: Unraveling the History of Farmer-Herder Conflicts in Jigawa State, 1991-2015

This paper examines the nuanced historical trajectories, causes, and effects of farmer-herder conflicts in Jigawa State. It also examines the role of the state government and other bodies in resolving and managing these conflicts, especially from 1991 to 2015. Arguably, the major factors responsible for these conflicts in Jigawa State include effects of the climate change, overpopulation of herders, indiscriminate destruction of unharvested crops by herders, encroachment on cattle routes, and denial of access to water points by farmers. Other contributory factors include occasional assaults on Fulani women, growth of agro-pastoralism, expansion of farming into pastures due to population explosion and technological advancements, cattle rustling, burning of rangelands, overgrazing of fallow lands, floods, and aggressive behavior from competing parties. The conflicts engendered food shortages and increased food prices, loss of lives, destruction of property, social dislocation, and estrangement. In response, the Jigawa State government took measures and implemented policies intending to curtail the phenomenon. This paper unravels the conflict, its consequences, and steps taken by the government to manage it using historical methods and sources such as published and unpublished materials, interviews, and observations.

Risk communication for disaster prevention and management in the rural communities of Mangu local government in Plateau state, Nigeria

Disasters are unpleasant experiences, but disasters are part of the reality of human existence. Human activities have increased the rate, intensity and sources of disasters. Several studies have determined the role of risk communication, an emerging area of communication, in preventing and managing disasters. This study aims to verify the robustness of the claim that risk communication can influence responses in unfavorable situations, thereby reducing the possible consequences of disasters or leading to immediate avoidance. The theoretical framework for this study is the protection motivation theory and the extended parallel process model. Both theories explain how individuals behave when exposed to disaster threats and how risk communication can influence responses in threatening situations. This qualitative research collected data using focus group discussions involving 20 speakers who were purposively selected based on their experience in dealing with disasters in Mangu Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. This research findings validate risk communication as a proactive approach to reducing the consequences of disasters. The study suggests that government and professional bodies involved in risk communication should invest in capacity building in various skills and needs to earn the trust of their stakeholders to enhance the perceived credibility of their messages.

Appeal against the notary’s decision to refuse to perform a notarial act

The scientific article is aimed at revealing the features of appealing a refusal to perform notarial acts in court. The significance of notarial acts in the mechanism of exercising civil rights and obligations is investigated, the consequences of refusing to perform a notarial act are indicated. The concept and essence of refusing to perform a notarial act, which is the result of notarial proceedings and by its nature is a procedural action of a notary, is revealed. The refusal to perform a notarial act by a notary is compared with other procedural actions of notarial proceedings. The issue of jurisdiction of the claim to appeal a refusal to perform a notarial act by a notary is analyzed and the existence of the problem of demarcation between the civil and administrative jurisdictions of this category of judicial case is noted in practice. This is especially evident in the case of appealing a refusal to perform notarial acts committed by officials of local self-government bodies working in government bodies. It is noted that the appeal of the refusal to perform a notarial act is carried out in civil proceedings according to the rules of claim proceedings. In this regard, it is indicated that there are certain problems in practice when exercising the right to sue in this category of civil cases. In particular, the situation is studied when a notary who refused to perform a notarial act does not issue a resolution on this issue, as required by the Law of Ukraine “On Notarial Services”. The legal position of the Supreme Court is analyzed, which offers a way out of such a situation and it is noted that such a solution to the issue complicates access to justice regarding the verification of the legality of notarial activities in the event of a refusal to perform a notarial act. The peculiarity of the court decision when satisfying a claim for refusal to perform a notarial act and the problem of the independence of notarial bodies in this regard are studied.

A novel spherical fuzzy-based decision model for assessing data management maturity in governmental institutions

Abstract The capability of government institutions to manage data effectively is fundamental to their operational efficiency and innovation potential. Governments face unique challenges, including rapid data generation, evolving regulations, and demands for quality services and transparency. This necessitates a tailored approach to data governance, given the complexities of balancing public interests with data privacy. This study aims to establish a robust framework for evaluating the data management maturity of Government Entities by developing an evaluative metric that reflects their data management maturity. The research approach involved gathering and synthesizing dispersed principles from existing literature into a set of definitive criteria. The criteria were subjectively weighted by an expert panel (SME) to reflect the significance of each criterion in a government setting. For methodology, the study pioneers the hybridization of spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) built on the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) and the evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) model. The criteria weighting was methodically calculated using the CRITIC method, and the subsequent evaluation of the alternatives was ascertained through EDAS. This combination of methodologies effectively reduced subjective bias, yielding a more reliable foundation for the rankings. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to confirm the robustness of the presented methodology when subjected to variations. To verify the validity of the developed method, we compared the SF- CRITIC and SF-EDAS approach with the SF-AHP and SF-EDAS, SF-CRITIC and SF-TOPSIS, the SF-CRITIC and SF-WPM, and the SF-CRITIC and SF-MARCOS. The results showcased a spectrum of maturity levels across the evaluated entities, pinpointing both commendable proficiencies and key areas for growth. This research presents a strategic asset for government bodies, aiding in the targeted enhancement of their data management systems. The broader implications of our findings serve as a strategic compass for governmental organizations, steering them toward achieving a higher echelon of data management sophistication.

Alliance Networks, Innovative Culture, and Intellectual Human Capital as Key Enablers of Corporate Social Innovation: A Hybrid Approach Using PLS‐SEM and fsQCA

ABSTRACTCorporations have been increasingly prioritizing corporate social innovation (CSI). It has potential for creating long‐term business value and promoting sustainable social development. CSI possesses immense value due to its exceptional ability to tackle complex and pressing social issues. Despite over a decade of research on CSI, there is limited understanding about drivers of CSI from the perspective of organizational resources. The current study utilized the resource‐based view of the firm (RBV) to investigate the impact of organizational resources (such as alliance networks, innovative culture, and intellectual human capital) on CSI. This was done by examining the mediation of dynamic capabilities (exploitation and exploration). The data obtained from Malaysian public limited companies was examined using PLS‐SEM and fsQCA. The results revealed that alliance networks and innovative culture play a crucial role to drive CSI. The fsQCA analysis discovered four sufficient configurations that foster CSI. In addition to the theoretical contributions, the findings have significant implications for corporate leaders seeking CSI initiatives, as well as policy makers within governmental bodies.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫХ ОСНОВ ПОЛИТИКИ ВЫРАВНИВАНИЯ РЕГИОНОВ

This paper compares the key ideas of regional policy for leveling regions based on various paradigms of its development. The concepts based on various approaches to regional development are considered. When forming regional policy in Russia, it is important to take into account the vast size of the country, cultural characteristics and traditions of the population, as well as the specifics of everyday life in different regions. For further effective functioning of the Russian economy, it is necessary to create a special classifier of theoretical systems that would be based on the individual characteristics of the regions. An analysis of the characteristics of the economic crisis through the prism of regional development leads to the conclusion about the need to distribute the powers of government bodies (both federal and local) in the structure of regional development management. Currently, the issue of carrying out structural reforms is one of the key aspects of the country's socio-economic development. The solution to this issue is actively discussed by government bodies and scientists. To stabilize the current situation in the domestic markets of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to formulate a strategy that would focus on building special characteristics of the regions

Are second homes CO2 saints or sinners? Electricity consumption from a seasonal and geographical perspective

ABSTRACT This study investigates the electricity consumption patterns of second homes, a segment of tourism that has received limited attention regarding its environmental and climate effects. By analyzing comprehensive electricity consumption data, the study accurately quantifies associated CO2 emissions for the over 200,000 second homes in Denmark. The comparison of electricity consumption and CO2 emissions across seasons shows that during the winter period, second homes exert disproportionate pressure on the climate. Additionally, longer seasons, which are encouraged by policies, exacerbate this impact, as electricity generation is more CO2-intensive in winter. From this perspective, second homes can be considered “CO2 sinners.” Geographical analysis identifies patterns where aggressive tourism growth strategies correlate with higher energy consumption and CO2 emissions. To mitigate these effects, stakeholders, including government bodies, destination management organizations (DMOs), renting platforms, owners, and users, can implement regulatory and behavioral changes to transform second homes from “sinners” to “saints.”

Совершенствование механизма противодействия коррупции на основе взаимодействия государства и общества

The article analyzes the most pressing issues of participation of civil society institutions of the Russian Federation in the implementation of state policy aimed at combating corruption, examines the most effective mechanisms for involving public structures in anti-corruption activities, in particular the creation of a system of public (civil) control over the activities of government bodies at all levels at the federal and regional level