Board Mill Research Articles

Anaerobic Treatment of Fibre Board Mill Wastewater

The specific pollution load per ton of fibre board at an Austrian factory is in the range of 110 kg COD or 50 kg BOD5. Aerobic treatment would result in unacceptable costs (energy, nutrients, sludge handling). Semitechnical pilot scale investigations showed that anaerobic treatment can lower the BOD5 to about 80 % and the COD to about 75 %. But it was not possible to maintain these efficiencies over longer periods (several months). Labscale experiments resulted in stable and very high removal efficiencies (94 % BOD5, 86 % COD). Reliable neutralization was shown to be necessary for good results.

An investigation into the occurrence of sewage fungus in rivers containing papermill effluents—IV. Growth in experimental channels dosed with effluents and pure compounds

This is the fourth and final paper in a series of articles describing research undertaken at PIRA during 1978–1980 on the causes and prevention of sewage fungus growth in rivers receiving paper and board mill effluents. This paper describes simulated stream studies in which sewage fungus growths from mixed mill effluents, component effluent streams and mill raw materials were quantified at two paper-mill sites. At the first mill, sewage fungus growth from treated effluent was only light and somewhat less than might have been expected from the measured level of glucose. Cationic starch was a better nutrient than unmodified starch and possible reasons for this are put forward. Individual waste streams at the second mill supported heavy growths of sewage fungus comparable to that from the mixed mill effluent after clarification. As sole sources of organic carbon, fresh or degraded gelatin and melamine formaldehyde resin gave very little sewage fungus growth, but glycerol supported some growth. As the effluent from this mill was considerably more complex than others previously examined, it was concluded that sewage fungus nutrients were provided by degraded organics (largely unidentified) extracted from rags and broke.

Toxicity removal from hard board wastewater

The rapid growth of industry in Egypt in recent years has made industrial pollution an important issue. During the past decade fish production in some canals and lakes have virtually ceased due to the discharge of industrial and agricultural wastewater. The alternatives under study include effluent treatment before discharge to receiving water. Highly polluted wastewater from a hard board mill was treated using the activated sludge process. Factors affecting the efficiency of the treatment were detention time and organic loading rate. The results indicated that BOD and phenol reduction reached 82% and 94% respectively. when the organic loading rate was 0.1 (kg BOD/kg SS). The process proved to be successful in completely eliminating the toxicity effect of the waste on Nile fish ( Tilapia nilotica).

A distributed control system and its application to a board mill

A distributed microcomputer-based automation system, which has been applied to a new board mill is described. The automation system used was based on several independent data processing units with dedicated functions. The data processing units were interconnected with serial buses which used HDLC communication protocol. The operating stations were based on a colour visual display unit which made a new type of control room concept possible. The substations and the buses are backed up by standbys to ensure a sufficiently high availability as maintenance staff were unavailable outside normal working hours. The board mill where the system was applied for the first time called for special solutions, which made a digital distributed system the natural choice. A short account of the experience with the system is also given.

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan (60)

Nagaoka Mill is located in Nagaoka city, the birthplace of Hokuetsu Paper Mills Co., Ltd. founded in 1907.This mill started its operation as a board mill, and today produces a wide variety of high quality papers and specialty boards. The mill continues to move toward more profitable and stable higher added value products.The mill site area is 170, 000 m2 and the number of employees is about 200.The main products are as followsTechnical paper … abrasive base paper impregnated paperFancy paper …embossed paper, various colored paper, etc.Others … thermal paper, reprographic paperSpecialty Board … vulcanized fiber, PASCO

Damatic - A Microcomputer Based Automation System in a Board Mill

The structure and operation principle of a microcomputer based automation system in a board mill is discussed. The system consists of 115 micros, 1830 printed circuits alltogether, and is connected with six minicomputer based bigger process control or reporting computer systems. The experiences and difficulties during start-up are discussed. The results since start-up Juny 1979 are excellent, especially the machine tenders are very satisfied with the system.

Damatic - A microcomputer based automation system in a board mill

The structure and operation principle of a microcomputer based automation system in a board mill is discussed. The system consists of 115 micros, 1830 printed circuits alltogether, and is connected with six minicomputer based bigger process control or reporting computer systems. The experiences and difficulties during start-up are discussed. The results since start-up Juny 1979 are excellent, especially the machine tenders are very satisfied with the system.

CS5 : The Application of a Distributed Control System to a Board Mill

The application of a distributed microcomputer based automation system to a new board mill is described. The board mill is quite complex with various production possibilities and is using different qualities of raw materials with a large percent of recycled fiber. The automation system used is based on several independent data processing units with dedicated functions. The data processing units are interconnected with serial buses which are using the HDLC communication protocol. The operating station are based on a colour visual display unit which has made a new type of control room concept possible. To ensure a sufficient high availability to make it possible to have maintenance staff available only during normal working hours the substations and the buses are backed up by standby substations and buses. The paper also gives a short account on the history and experience of the project.

A Computer-Based Production Control System for the Coordination of Operations in a Pulp and Paper Mill

An integrated pulp and paper mill constitutes a rather complex system, being composed of a number of production departments and with storage capacities between these departments.The purpose of a computer-based production control system is to reduce the effects of breakdowns and other disturbances in such a production system. Efficient coordination of the different production departments of the mill is achieved by efficient utilization of the existing storage capacities.A system with the above purpose has been developed at the Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory and was installed in 1975 in the integrated pulp and board mill at Iggesund. A second, expanded system, is now being installed in cooperation with ASEA AB and Stora Kopparberg in the pulp mill at Skutskär. The system, which uses the mill’s process computer and on-line information system, includes an algorithm, based on network flow technique, that calculates a plan with suggested production rates in the different departments on the basis of known restrictions. The plan is specified hour by hour during the planning period (2 days). The plan can also be manually adjusted. Together with the plan different consequences of it, such as the development of storage tank levels production volumes or energy balances, are presented on display screens.

LUBRICATION AT A BOARD MILL IN SOUTH AFRICA

The South African Board Mill at Umgeni is situated about five miles from Durban, on the banks of the Umgeni river. It was formed by the Stafford Mayer group of companies in 1937, and manufacture of board from waste paper commenced in 1930. This was the first mill of its kind in South Africa, and as could be expected, various troubles were experienced at the beginning, until the arrival of skilled paper technicians from England. The board manufactured is cardboard ranging in thickness from .008” or .040” to .25” when laminated. The plant used is similar to that used for paper making.