Portunus Pelagicus Research Articles

Determining demersal fisheries status in fisheries management arena (FMA) 712 under data limited situation

Abstract Demersal fisheries in FMA 712 have been established since the early 1950’s, industrialization in demersal fisheries was started on 1970’s with the operation of trawl fleets in Java Sea. The exploitation continued until the 1980s when the Trawl Ban regulation was enacted. According to historical statical data from 1980 the number of demersal fishing fleets are still dominating and endangered the sustainability of demersal fish stock in FMA 712. This study presented alternatives approaches to determining demersal fisheries status in FMA 712 using the Bayesian surplus production model (cMSY) and Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LBSPR). The cMSY analysis was conducted using time series production data and known CPUE represent the area in FMA 712 and the LBSPR model was conducted using the life-history parameters and the length frequency data. The results show that current demersal fisheries condition is overexploited, points of estimation of the Biomass condition based on 1980-2022 data: B/BMSY 0,803, F/FMSY 1,75 and MSY 323.000 ton. Additionally, the spawning potential ratio (SPR) of the dominant demersal fish species (Lutjanus malabarius and Portunus pelagicus) was lower than the limit reference point (<0,20), indicating overexploited. This study demonstrates that alternatives approaches could be applied to limited data fisheries and provide useful and robust recommendations.

Connectivity of the social-ecological system of the blue swimming crab fisheries in Rembang

Abstract The management of blue swimming crabs requires several aspects to be considered, such as social and ecological aspects for the sustainability of small crab fisheries. Fishery management is currently still focused on economic interests, so if this is allowed to continue, it will result in ecosystem degradation. This study aims to determine the components of the social-ecological system of the blue swimming crab fishery and the interrelationships of the crab management factors in Lasem District, especially in Gedongmulyo Village, Rembang from March to June 2023 using a purposive sampling method, including socio-economic data and fishermen’s interviews. Analysis of social-ecological connectivity including resource systems (RG), resource units (RU), resource actors (RA), and resource governance (RG) subsystems, and analyzes management variables using the participatory prospective analysis (PPA) method. The results show the connectivity of the social ecological system of the blue swimming crab fishery in Lasem between Resource Actors and Resource Systems, Resource Units, and Resource Governance. While Resource Governance is negatively related to the Resource System. Re-education about the regulations for the use of non-environmentally friendly fishing gear, the impact on the environment, and fishermen’s awareness of the need to comply with these regulations needs to be carried out.

Preface

Indonesia is a country rich in demersal and crustacean fish resources (such as snapper, grouper, crab, crab, shrimp, lobster, etc.). The high biodiversity and abundance of this group of fish resources is due to Indonesia has coral reefs, as well as extensive shallow coastal waters. The biodiversity of demersal and crustase fish resources has not been fully managed properly, even though the demersal and crustase fisheries sector contributes greatly to the country’s economy. The challenges faced by demersal and frustrated fisheries are getting tougher, ranging from population decline due to overfishing, environmental/habitat degradation, business aspects after the COVID-19 pandemic, to global issues such as climate change. The trends and scientific status of fisheries resources need to be well understood as a benchmark for scientific development and responding to future challenges. In this case, scientific forums can be one of the necessary vehicles where relevant parties can discuss various challenges, alternative solutions, and important issues that exist today and in the future in the context of developing science and sustainable management of fisheries resources. The Department of Aquatic Resources Management (ARM), Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences (FFMS), IPB University took the initiative to hold the International Seminar on Demersal and Crustacean Fisheries Management (ISDCFM). The seminar was held hybrid at the IPB International Convention Center, Bogor on August 2-3, 2023. The ISDCFM was the first international seminar that emphasizes the direction and strategy of sustainable management, as well as promoting better governance of demersal and crustacean fisheries, by collecting research results in various aspects, from basic to applied science development, down to the policy and trade side. The seminar covers several topics including ecology, habitat, and conservation of the species, product and technology diversification, domestication and cultivation of the species, social-ecological systems and fisheries management, and blue economy fishing industry. The seminar was attended by six keynote speakers, 56 oral presentations, and 11 poster presentations. Presenters come from at least eight countries: Indonesia, United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, Sudan, China, Japan, and Czech Republic. The total participants of this activity were 147 participants, both national and international. Six keynote speakers were experts from various fields, including Dr. Agus Suherman from the Directorate General of Capture Fisheries MMAF, Prof. Dr. Luky Adrianto from the IPB University, Poly Burns from Marine Stewardship Council, Amber von Harten from Sustainable Fisheries Partnership, Dr. Petrus Johannes Mous from Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, and Kuncoro Catur Nugroho from Indonesian Blue Swimming Crab Association. Many new ideas, insights, methodologies, and state-of-the-art science can be studied and adopted to improve our work in this important area. There have been many interesting and useful presentations in plenary and interactive sessions. Many good experiences have been shared and lessons learned, including in the aspects of ecology, fisheries management, and social economic of demersal and crustacean resources. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all partners, namely the Department of Aquatic Resources Management (ARM IPB University), Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences (FFMS IPB University), Indonesian Blue Swimming Crab Association (APRI), and Indonesian Demersal Association (ADI). Also, we would like to thank all the speakers, reviewers, and the committee for organizing this event and ensuring it runs smoothly. List of Editorial team and Organizing Committees are available in this Pdf.

Valorizing Moroccan crab shells to purify water from Orange G dye: Exploring equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics

A successful approach has been taken to develop a biomaterial derived from fish waste, using Moroccan fish processing by-products from crab shells. Moroccan crab (Portunus pelagicus) shell-derived biomaterial has been developed for wastewater treatment, using marine crustacean waste and addressing the challenges of solid fish waste management. The crab shell powder (CSP) was calcined at 800 °C for three hours and characterized using SEM, EDS, FTIR, and XRD, revealing a predominantly crystalline structure. The CSP's effectiveness as a biosorbent for the removal of the anionic dye Orange G (OG) was assessed under various conditions, including pH, biosorbent mass, temperature, and contact time. Optimal conditions achieved a 98.84 % dye removal rate within 60 min at an adsorbent dose of 0.09 g. The adsorption process adhered to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, indicating a spontaneous, endothermic surface reaction involving multilayer physisorption. The biosorption mechanism is thought to include electrostatic attractions, n-π stacking interactions, hydrogen bonding, and Yoshida hydrogen bonds. The study suggests that CSP is an efficient, eco-friendly adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment, offering a promising solution for the valorization of fish waste by-products.

Association of Crab Species with the Mangrove Ecosystem in Gili Sulat East Lombok

The mangrove ecosystem is inhabited by various macroinvertebrates, such as brachyuran crabs, hermit crabs, gastropods, and bivalves. The mangrove ecosystem is a primary habitat for crabs to grow and develop, and it serves as a nursery ground for young organisms before they reach adulthood. This research was conducted from September 2023 to June 2024 in Gili Sulat, East Lombok. The aim of this study is to determine the diversity of crabs in Gili Sulat and their association with mangrove species. The method used in this research is purposive sampling, taking into account the density of mangroves.The study found 12 mangrove species: Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, Excoecaria agallocha, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Pemphis acidula, Avicennia marina, Lumnitzera racemosa, Xylocarpus rumphii, Cordia subcordata, and Osbornia octodonta. The mangrove density at station 1 was 1800 ind/ha, at station 2 was 1222 ind/ha, and at station 3 was 2411 ind/ha. The crabs found included 3 species: Baptozius vinosus, Notonyx sp, and Portunus pelagicus. The abundance of crabs at station 1 was 55.6 ind/ha, at station 2 was 33.3 ind/ha, and at station 3 was 66.7 ind/ha. The correlation between mangrove density and crab abundance had a coefficient of determination of 91.6%, indicating that mangrove density can significantly influence crab abundance. There is one species of crab that has a positive association with one species of mangrove, namely the crab species Baptozius vinosus and the mangrove species Rhizophora mucronata.

Oxidative response to cadmium and lead accumulations in the tissues of blue swimming crabs Portunus pelagicus from the Trang Province coastline, Southern Thailand.

Metals have been reported to alter the oxidative status of both redox-active and redox-inactive metals accompanying oxidative stress induction. In aquatic ecosystems, metal contamination is regarded as serious pollutants and bioaccumulation, especially when aquatic seafood products are involved, which results in human risk. The blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus is a highly popular crab species for consumption as seafood in Thailand. The meat parts and the hepatopancreas (HP) together with gonad are consumed and in high demand. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) along with tissue oxidative responses in P. pelagicus. Sixty-seven samples of P. pelagicus were obtained from small-scale fishers along the coastline of Trang Province. Bioaccumulation of Cd and Pb and oxidative response in gill, muscle, and HP + gonad were evaluated. Cadmium and Pb accumulation levels were highest in the HP and gonad, followed by the gill and then muscle, indicating that Cd and Pb have a high affinity to be concentrated in the HP and gonad. An organ-specific oxidative response to Cd and Pb accumulation was demonstrated in which Cd significantly activated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the gills and muscle tissue, while Pb significantly activated the SOD activity only in the HP and gonad. Only Cd accumulation in gill tissue represented a significant activation of lipid peroxidation, as indicated by the malondialdehyde level. This study implied that P. pelagicus exhibits an "adaptive stage" in the oxidative response of tissue due to metal accumulation. Additionally, the data presented here further indicate that the consumption of only the meat parts and removal of the HP and gonad would reduce human exposure to metal toxicity.

The analysis of natural forage of blue smimming crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) on the east coast of Pangandaran, West Java

Continuous use of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) without any control can cause population decline which leads to damage to the stability of the marine ecosystem, especially in East Coast Pangandaran, therefore cultivation is needed. In aquaculture, it is necessary to provide the right feed by knowing its natural diet. This study aimed to determine the natural diet of blue swimming crabs. The method used was descriptive analysis. The parameters observed were carapace width, gastric weight, the composition of natural diet. The relationship between the carapace width and gastric weight was analyzed by simple regression while the main type of natural diet was known by calculating the percentage of food composition. The relationship between carapace width and gastric weight was positive. Based on the composition found in crab gastric, there were 5 types of natural foods consisting of crustaceans (28.35%), meat (25.37%), mollusk (18.65%), fish (15.67%), and undefined material (UM) (4.47%). It is revealed that crabs are carnivores and scavengers, pose significant relationship between their size and gut content weight. It was also found that the composition of female crab feed was generally higher than that of males.

Turning Portunus pelagicus Shells into Biocompatible Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration.

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) provides an alternative for addressing bone defects by integrating cells, a scaffold, and bioactive growth factors to stimulate tissue regeneration and repair, resulting in effective bioengineered tissue. This study focuses on repurposing chitosan from blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) shell waste as a composite scaffold combined with HAP and COL I to improve biocompatibility, porosity, swelling, and mechanical properties. The composite scaffold demonstrated nearly 60% porosity with diameters ranging from 100-200 μm with an interconnected network that structurally mimics the extracellular matrix. The swelling ratio of the scaffold was measured at 208.43 ± 14.05%, 248.93 ± 4.32%, 280.01 ± 1.26%, 305.44 ± 20.71%, and 310.03 ± 17.94% at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. Thus, the Portunus pelagicus scaffold showed significantly lower degradation ratios of 5.64 ± 1.89%, 14.34 ± 8.59%, 19.57 ± 14.23%, and 29.13 ± 9.87% for 1 to 4 weeks, respectively. The scaffold supports osteoblast attachment and proliferation for 7 days. Waste from Portunus pelagicus shells has emerged as a prospective source of chitosan with potential application in tissue engineering.

Size distribution and growth parameters of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus, Linnaeus 1758) in Awur Bay, Jepara

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a fishery commodity that has important economic value. One of the catch landings in Teluk Awur, Jepara is blue swimming crab. Intensive crab catching carried out with small sizes has an effect on decreasing crab stocks in the waters. This study aims to determine the size distribution, the relationship between carapace width and weight, growth parameters and recruitment patterns. The research was conducted in May, June, July and August 2022 in the waters of Teluk Awur, Jepara. Sampling using systematic sampling method. The data collected is carapace width (mm) and crab weight (grams). Data analysis was performed using FiSAT II software. The results of the analysis of the relationship between carapace width and weight showed that the growth of the male crab was positive allometric and the growth of the female crab was isometric, with the equation of the male crab W = 0.0000214cW3.251 and the female crab W = 0.0000232cW3.220. The growth parameters obtained by the equation of the male and female crabs were cWt = 158,55(1- e(-1,2(t+0,083))], and cWt = 158.55(1 – e(-0.67(t+0.152) ))). The peak of male crab recruitment was in October at 22,71%, while the female crab was in May at 13,52%, indicating that in that month new crab individuals were added. Based on these results, the stock of crab resources in Jepara's Awur Bay must always be considered and always support the recruitment process of crab. Beside that, the goverment can enforce management of crab fishing.Keywords: Allometric; Carapace Width; Crab; Recruitment

Analysis of Biology and Resource Management of Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Betahwalang Village

Analysis of Biology and Resource Management of Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Betahwalang Village

A comparative analysis of crustacean exoskeletons: structural, microstructural, morphological, and UV absorption studies

This study aims to investigate the structural, thermal, and spectral characteristics, along with the ultra-violet (UV) absorption of various marine benthos exoskeletons, such as various species of crabs (Portunus sanguinolentus, Portunus pelagicus, Charybdis feriata) and mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria). Their unique properties and ability to survive in harsh oceanic environments make them interesting research subjects. This research utilized powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to determine the crystal structure of the benthic varieties. The sample surface was analyzed using high-resolution micrographs obtained from field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which identified the presence of chitin and calcite in the marine benthos. This was further confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The optical characteristics were investigated using UV-visible spectroscopy. The proximate analysis revealed high protein content in the mantis shrimp exoskeleton compared to other crab species, highlighting its excellent UV absorption characteristics. Overall, this research has the potential to broaden our understanding of marine organisms, which can have potential applications in biotechnology and materials science to develop nature-inspired innovative materials sustainably.

Metal concentrations in fish, crabs, and bivalve molluscs from marine waters adjacent to a multi-metals smelter and refinery

Metal concentrations were determined in tissues of finfish, crabs, and bivalve molluscs collected from marine waters near Port Pirie, South Australia, the site of a long-standing multi-metals smelter and refinery. A general trend of tissue metal concentrations in order of highest to lowest was observed in bivalves > crabs > finfish. A lead concentration of 158 ± 6.6 mg/kg (wet wt.) was observed in blue mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) sampled close to the smelter. Lead concentrations correlated positively with proximity to the smelter in all biota analysed. Similar relationships were observed for cadmium, copper, zinc and selenium in all biota except razorfish (Pinna bicolor; Bivalvia: Pinnidae), which showed no correlation with proximity to the smelter for these metals. Inorganic arsenic concentrations were below the limit of reporting in the majority of the analysed samples, however inorganic arsenic concentrations in blue swimmer crabs (Portunus armatus) and blue mussels correlated with proximity to the smelter. Mercury concentrations in the biota analysed were generally low and showed variable relationships with proximity to the smelter, with no significant correlation observed in finfish and razorfish, a significant positive correlation in blue mussels, and a significant negative correlation in blue swimmer crabs. This is the first major study of metal concentrations in recreationally-targeted marine species near Port Pirie species for more than two decades. Comparison with data from previous studies conducted shows little change in tissue metal concentrations in marine biota near Port Pirie over the past 40 years.

Distribution of size and condition factors of blue crab (<i>Portunus pelagicus</i> Linnaeus, 1758) in the waters of Madong Village, Tanjungpinang city

Management of blue swimming crab resources requires information about the condition of the blue swimming crab to determine the size that can be caught. The aim of this research is to analyze the structure of carapace width, gonad maturity level, and condition factors of blue swimming crab in the waters of Kampung Madong, Tanjungpinang City. The sampling point uses a purposive sampling method. Data collection used the census method. Fishing equipment used 60 bento traps. The results showed that 149 blue swimming crab samples were caught, consisting of 60 males and 89 females. The distribution of carapace width sizes on average is 95 - 103 mm which dominates. The growth coefficient for male blue swimming crab is the b value of 1.47 and for females the b value is 1.57, the dominant TKG is TKG II. The condition factor value is in the slightly flat category.

Microplastic extraction from digestive tracts of large decapods

The reliable quantification of microplastic contamination in chitinous organisms requires validated methods to remove interfering complex organic and inorganic material. This study trialled KOH, H2O2 and HNO3 digestion methods on the digestive tracts of two large decapods (Panulirus cygnus and Portunus armatus) to validate a protocol that facilitates reliable microplastic extraction. KOH digestion provided the best recovery (>95 %) of all polymers (e.g. polyamide, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride), with the lowest impact to their physical morphology and chemical spectra. While HNO3, and HNO3 + H2O2 treatments were more effective at digesting chitin, they destroyed polyamide, and altered several other polymers. High digestion efficiency did not result in high matrix clarification or high microplastic recovery for large decapods. This study emphasises the importance of validating species-specific microplastic extraction methods, whilst proposing additional post-digestion protocols, such as density separation, for complex samples, that can be applied in future research investigating plastic contamination in large decapods.

Production of a new chitinase from Nocardiopsis halophila TN-X8 utilizing bio-waste from the blue swimming crab: enzyme characterization and immobilization.

In accordance with the framework of the Circular Blue Bioeconomy in the Mediterranean region, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biotransformation of blue swimming crab (Portunus segnis) residues obtained from the port of Sfax by an extracellular chitinase produced by Nocardiopsis halophila strain TN-X8 isolated from Chott El Jerid (Tozeur, Tunisia). From the analysis of multiple extremophilic Actinomycetota, it was determined that strain TN-X8 exclusively utilized 60g/L of raw blue swimming crab as its carbon and energy source, achieving a chitinase activity of approximately 950 U/mL following a 6-day incubation period at 40°C. Pure chitinase, designated as ChiA-Nh30, was obtained after heat treatment, followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sephacryl® S-200 column chromatography. The maximum ChiA-Nh30 activity was observed at pH 3 and 75°C. Interestingly, compared with cyclohexamidine, ChiA-Nh30 showed a good antifungal effect against four pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, when using colloidal chitin as substrate, ChiA-Nh30 demonstrated a higher degree of catalytic efficiency than the commercially available Chitodextrinase®. In addition, ChiA-Nh30 could be immobilized by applying encapsulation and encapsulation-adsorption techniques. The kaolin and charcoal used acted as excellent binders, resulting in improved ChiA-Nh30 stability. For the immobilized ChiA-Nh30, the yield of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers released from 20% (w/v) blue swimming crab residues increased by 3.1 (kaolin) and 2.65 (charcoal) times, respectively.

Socio-Economic Aspects of the Blue Swimming Crab Fisheries (BSC, Portunus pelagicus) in Maginti Island, West Muna Regency, Indonesia

Socio-Economic Aspects of the Blue Swimming Crab Fisheries (BSC, Portunus pelagicus) in Maginti Island, West Muna Regency, Indonesia

Multidisciplinary Assessment of the Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the Bone Bay, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Using Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries

Multidisciplinary Assessment of the Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the Bone Bay, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Using Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries

Length-based stock assessment of the blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the northern coast of Java, Indonesia

Length-based stock assessment of the blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the northern coast of Java, Indonesia

Determining the fat content and its changes in males and females of the Blue Swimmer Crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Syria

Determining the fat content and its changes in males and females of the Blue Swimmer Crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Syria

Catch Composition of Portunus pelagicus from Different Fishing Gear Used along Palk Bay Water of Ramanathapuram Coast of Tamil Nadu, India

Catch Composition of Portunus pelagicus from Different Fishing Gear Used along Palk Bay Water of Ramanathapuram Coast of Tamil Nadu, India