Blue Research Articles

A “Teal” Deal for European agriculture

The European Union (EU) has been actively combating climate change for decades, and in 2019 it introduced its most ambitious project to date, the European Green Deal (EGD). EGD includes a variety of policies and strategies aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of climate change, foster an economic growth, and promote social equity. Recently, the European Commission has been contemplating the development of the European Blue Deal (EBD), which aims to address the growing water crises and water insecurity issues within the EU. Similar to the EGD, the EBD would encompass all sectors of the European economy, seeking integrated solutions to these pressing environmental problems. This review aims to assess the progress of the EGD, evaluate the objectives of the EBD, and provide insights into the factors that could either catalyze or hinder their effective and harmonious implementation. The concept of a "Teal Deal" (a combination of the blue and green color) which combines elements of both the EGD and the EBD, is explored, with particular emphasis on its implications for the agrifood sector. Here we argue on the necessity for a holistic approach to agricultural sustainability, rapid advancements in renewable energy, the adoption of crop diversification strategies, and the development of effective international policies to ensure global cooperation and support for these transformative initiatives. By addressing these key areas, the EU can make significant strides towards achieving its environmental and economic goals.

The fabrication of a hybrid fluorescent nanosensing system and its practical applications via film kits for the selective determination of mercury ions

Heavy metal ions especially mercury exposure have severe toxic effects on living organisms and human health. Therefore, easy, accessible, and accurate determination strategies for the selective specification of mercury ions are essential for numerous disciplines. In the presented paper, new hybrid fluorescent iron oxide nanoparticles labeled with carbazole and triazole units (CT-IONP) were prepared via surface modification for the spectrofluorimetric determination of Hg2+ in environmental samples. The structure of the new sensing system is characterized via various spectroscopic, thermal, and microscopic techniques. Under optimized conditions, the hybrid system is not only used in fully water media but also highly fluorescent which led to the “turn-off” response towards Hg2+ ion in the presence of various competitive species. The presented sensing system was successfully used for the determination of Hg2+ ions in the wide linear working range (0.02–10.00 µmol.L−1) at nanomolar levels, where the limit of detection and quantification were calculated as 7.38 and 22.14 nmol.L−1. Importantly, the practical application of hybrid material was applied by CT-IONP embedded polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer film kits. The bluish color of fabricated film kits was instantly and dramatically turned colorless-dark patterns after the addition of Hg2+ ions, which resulted in convenient and rapid film test kits for selective detection.

Design and development of an efficient real-time moving object tracking system in a wireless-controlled automated vehicle

This study aimed to apply a microprocessor on a wireless automated vehicle to achieve real-time tracking of moving objects. The targets captured by the camera on the vehicle were first separated from their background through background subtraction. Next, morphological processing was performed to remove unnecessary information. An enhanced seeded region growing method was used to achieve image segmentation by labeling and segmenting the targets effectively, thus enhancing the accuracy and resolving the problem of object concealment. The corresponding red, green, and blue colors of each target were calculated through a color space, which was then converted into an enhanced luminance/chroma blue/chroma red (YUV) color space for color histogram modeling and storage, so as to increase the system’s tracking speed. The enhanced YUV colors also achieved accurate tracking in dark places. After inputting the next image, an enhanced agglomerative hierarchical clustering method was used to agglomerate and connect pixels with the same YUV for tracking. A proportional-integral-derivative controller controlled the motors on the camera lens and the vehicle so that the target could be tracked properly in real-time. The experimental results revealed that our proposed tracking method performed better than conventional tracking methods.

Effect of probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains on some properties of grapefruit juice and naringin

For citrus juices, especially grapefruit juice, bitterness is an important problem. In this study, some probiotic bacteria with naringinase enzyme activity (L. plantarum ACC 54, L. plantarum ACC 28, and L. plantarum 250) were added to grapefruit juice in order to reduce naringin, one of the most important bitterness components. Then, the physicochemical properties of grapefruit juice were investigated with changes in antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds and naringin amount. Improvements in the physicochemical properties of grapefruit juices were detected in the first three days of storage. Water-soluble dry matter, determined as Brix, was 9.13 on the first day of storage, and this amount decreased to 8.66 after 4 weeks of storage. Likewise, pH decreased from 3.58 to 3.11, and titratable acidity increased from 0.79% to 1.46%. Colour values were determined spectrophotometrically. During the storage period, IC value varied between 3.98 and 5.24, colour shade 1.27–1.29, red colour 32.18–32.54%, yellow colour 41.022–41.97%, and blue colour 26.80–25.49%. From the beginning of the storage period to the end of 4 weeks of storage, decreases were identified for DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals, with the results changing from 16.41 to 31.98 and from 7.45 to 11.95, respectively. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and values were 643.32–319.72 mg GAE/L from the beginning to the end of storage. The phenolic compound profile was determined by LC-MS/MS and the highest phenolic compound was found to be quinic acid (35768.88 ppb) in B25 at the end of the 4th week. The amount of naringin in grapefruit juice samples was determined by HPLC. The highest decrease (61.5%) in the amount of naringin in the samples was detected in B37 at the end of the 3rd day.

Occurrence of marine plastic litter and plasticizers from touristic beaches of Arauco Gulf in Central Chile

Marine plastic litter (MPL) was collected from beaches (n = 3) of the Arauco Gulf in central Chile in spring 2021 and summer 2022. MPL was analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics, and plasticizers were also screened using FTIR-ATR. Three hundred seventeen plastic items with an accumulated weight of 226.8 g were found. MPL densities ranged from 0.4 to 17.1 items m−2. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between seasons were observed for Arauco and Maule beaches, being ∼ten times higher in summer compared to spring. Solid pieces were the predominant shape, macroplastics were the most abundant (>2.5 cm), and white and blue colors were dominant. Polypropylene (52 %) and polyethylene (31 %) were the predominant polymers. Plasticizers (n = 3) were detected in the MPL in the study area (dioctyl phthalate, polybutene, and alpha-methylstyrene) for the first time. This study contributes new information related to MPL in coastal areas of central Chile and their chemical composition.

Identification of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol compounds in Cannabis sativa using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Background: Narcotics are divided into three types natural, semisynthetic and synthetic. Cannabis is included in the Cannabaceae family with the species Cannabis sativa L. This plant is known as a plant that has psychotropic effects because it contains the main alkaloids cannabinol, cannabidiol, and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol. Objective: This study aims to identify the presence of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in samples. Method: The method used is the Duquenois colour test, Fast Blue, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmation. Result: The result shows that Dequenoise test positive giving a blue color and Fast Blue color test positive giving a brick red. The GC-MS analysis shows the presence of Δ9-Tetrahidrocannabivarin, Cannabichrome, Dronabinol, Cannabigerol, and Cannabinol. The chromatogram revealed five peaks, with the main compound identified as dronabinol. Conclusion: Five compounds found in sample were 9-tetrahydrocannabivarin, cannabichromene, dronabinol, cannabigerol, and cannabinol, which were positive for marijuana.

Exploring Perception of Warning Labels: Insights from Color, Signal Words, and Symbol Evaluation

Protecting people from the risks associated with products is a critical concern in today’s economy. Pakistan, being the world’s fifth most populous country, lacks the framework of warning labels and therefore faces a significant gap in product warning labels. Pakistan is a representative of a number of countries that export a variety of products to Pakistan; however, warning labels on these goods are typically in English, which might mislead people of Pakistan in perceiving the hazard level. It is therefore imperative to conduct research into the non-textual and cross-cultural understanding of labels from the perspective of Pakistan. This study examined the applicability of ANSI Z535.4 in the context of Pakistan. A total of 66 (34 male and 32 female) undergraduate students with a mean age of 20.5 participated in this study. A meticulous experiment was designed using a nine-point rating scale with anchors on both sides, where one represented ‘not at all hazardous’ and nine represented ‘extremely hazardous’. Participants rated each component of warning labels, i.e., color, symbol, signal words, and their complex configurations. The results showed alignment with the ANSI Z535.4 standards for some components (i.e., colors, symbols, and signal words) and complex configurations, whereas no significant difference was found in perceived hazard levels between green (M = 3.167), blue (M = 3.591, and yellow (M = 3.652) colors, with a p-value greater than 0.05. Participants did not differentiate significantly between signal words, i.e., caution (M = 5.182) and warning (M = 5.879). Participants also did not differentiate significantly between complex configurations, i.e., safety alert–caution–yellow (M = 5.076) and safety alert–warning–orange (M = 5.197), with p-values greater than 0.05. These results state that discrepancies in the perception of warning labels exist. This study is the first of its kind conducted in the context of Pakistan, which will help policy makers to consider the findings before implementing a policy. In fact, differences in perception could result in failure to take appropriate precautions. Nonetheless, these nuances can be overcome with proper awareness through training for the people.

Software and hardware complex based on the STM32F407VG microcontroller for the study of vibra-tions with the LIS3DSH accelerometer

Commonly used color models are reviewed and analyzed, namely the RGB model and subtractive models, including CMY and CMYK. The characteristics of colorimeters based on the use of RGB, CMY and CMYK models have been studied. A comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of RGB and CMYK models was carried out. The developed digital colorimeter allows for express control of color characteristics with high metrological accuracy and does not require a high level of qualification of service personnel. This device reproduces the perception of color by human vision, and its use is intended for both people with normal and impaired vision. The great advantage of this device is its mobility, the speed of measurements and the absence of the need for a specialized laboratory and highly qualified specialists. Full-scale measurements of the output voltage on the photodiodes of the colorimeter corresponding to red, blue and green colors were carried out.

Therapeutic potential of Phycocyanin in gastrointestinal cancers and related disorders.

Gastrointestinal cancer is the most fatal cancer worldwide. The etiology of gastrointestinal cancer has yet to be fully characterized. Alcohol consumption, obesity, tobacco, Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal disorders, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric ulcer, colon polyps and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are among the several risks factors for gastrointestinal cancers. Phycocyanin which is abundant in Spirulina. Phycocyanin, a member of phycobiliprotein family with intense blue color, is an anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer compound. Evidence exists supporting that phycocyanin has antitumor effects, exerting its pharmacological effects by targeting a variety of cellular and molecular processes, i.e., apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, migration and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Phycocyanin has also been applied in treatment of several gastrointestinal disorders such as, gastric ulcer, ulcerative colitis and fatty liver that is known as a risk factor for progression to cancer. Herein, we summarize various cellular and molecular pathways that are affected by phycocyanin, its efficacy upon combined drug treatment, and the potential for nanotechnology in its gastrointestinal cancer therapy.

Resonant-mode engineering for additive reflective structural colors with high brightness and high color purity

We present quad-layered reflective structural color filters generating vivid additive primary colors by controlling a mode number in a Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity and an anti-reflective (AR) coating layer, thus accomplishing high spectral contrast which is highly demanded in creating sharp colors. The reflection brightness of fabricated structural color filters is over 78% and a color gamut is comparable to the standard color gamut (sRGB). Higher-order resonant modes are exploited yielding a narrow passband with strong suppression of the reflection at shorter and longer wavelength ranges for a green color, while red and blue colors are produced by employing fundamental resonant modes. Besides, the structural color filters maintain both high brightness and high color purity at oblique incidence angles up to 40° due to a small angle of refraction by a cavity medium with high refractive index. Moreover, a large-scale fabrication is enabled owing to the simplicity of a device structure, where thin film deposition is used. The scheme presented in this work may open the door to a number of applications, such as reflective displays, imaging devices, colored photovoltaics, and decorations.

The role of lung ultrasound and ultrasound elastography in diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases.

Ultrasound elastography (US-E) is a novel, tissue stiffness-sensitive imaging method. We aimed to investigate whether lung ultrasound (US) and US-E can play a role in diagnosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in which lung elasticity is affected due to fibrosis. A prospective cohort study. Patients with ILD were defined as ''ILD group'' and with other pulmonary diseases as ''control group". All subjects were examined and compared by lung US in B and elastography modes. Besides, the relationship between ultrasonography and high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) and chest X-ray findings was evaluated. A total of 109 patients, 55 in ILD and 54 in the control group, with a mean age of 62 ± 14 years, were included. A positive correlation was found between the Warrick score (calculated from HRCT to determine the severity of ILD) and the number of B-lines (discrete vertical reverberation artifacts, indicating interstitial lung syndrome) in lung US (p= 0.001, r= 0.550) in the ILD group. In US-E, blue color (meaning more rigid tissue) dominated in the ILD group, and green color (indicating medium tissue stiffness) dominated in the control group (p= 0.001). Lung US diagnosed the ILD with 69% accuracy, 80% sensitivity, and 60% specificity compared to HRCT. Combined with chest X-ray, diagnostic accuracy was 74%, sensitivity 60%, and specificity 89%. Although lung US and US-E are not superior to gold standard HRCT in diagnosing ILDs, they can still be accepted as promising, novel, noninvasive tools, especially when combined with chest X-rays. Their role still needs to be clarified with further studies.

Presentation of microstructural diffusion components by color schemes in abdominal organs.

Development of a color scheme representation to facilitate the interpretation of tri-exponential DWI data from abdominal organs, where multi-exponential behavior is more pronounced. Multi-exponential analysis of DWI data provides information about the microstructure of the tissue under study. The tri-exponential signal analysis generates numerous parameter images that are difficult to analyze individually. Summarized color images can simplify at-a-glance analysis. A color scheme was developed in which the slow, intermediate, and fast diffusion components were each assigned to a different red, green, and blue color channel. To improve the appearance of the image, histogram equalization, gamma correction, and white balance were used, and the processing parameters were adjusted. Examples of the resulting color maps of the diffusion fractions of healthy and pathological kidney and prostate are shown. The color maps obtained by the presented method show the merged information of the slow, intermediate, and fast diffusion components in a single view. A differentiation of the different fractions becomes clearly visible. Fast diffusion regimes, such as in the renal hilus, can be clearly distinguished from slow fractions, such as in dense tumor tissue. Combining the diffusion information from tri-exponential DWI analysis into a single color image allows for simplified interpretation of the diffusion fractions. In the future, such color images may provide additional information about the microstructural nature of the tissue under study.

A novel and sensitive microneedle array platform for visual detection of glucose based on Zr-MOF@Pt nanozyme with peroxidase-like activity

The level of glucose, one of the body’s energy-providing substances, is closely related to many diseases. Therefore, it remains a challenge to develop platform that can satisfy both the need for accurate detection of glucose for clinical diagnosis as well as device-free and efficient on-site monitoring of blood glucose. Herein, we synthesized Zr-MOFs@Pt nanocomposites for the first time. The peroxidase-like activity of Zr-MOFs@Pt was greatly enhanced two times compared with Zr-MOFs, due to the synergistic effect of Pt nanoparticles that was in situ growing in Zr-MOFs. Hydrogen peroxide was generated from glucose with the catalysis of glucose oxidase (GOx). H2O2 was decomposed by Zr-MOFs@Pt to produce free radical, which could oxidize 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate blue oxTMB, and could be utilized for colorimetric sensing of glucose. By crosslinking, TMB and PVA hydrogel matrix formed the microneedle patch display layer, and PVA as well as GOx composed the tip of the needle, the sensing system was developed to hydrogel microneedles array for detection of glucose. When the tip of the needle was inserted into a solution containing glucose, it reacted with GOx in the tip sector to produce H2O2. The H2O2 would react with Zr-MOFs@Pt in the display layer to produce free radicals, and further oxidize TMB causing the display layer to exhibit blue color. This work provides a new approach for designing device-free sensing platforms for glucose monitoring, which also offers great potential for development of microneedle analytical devices.

Naturally Colored Ice Creams Enriched with C-Phycocyanin and Spirulina Residual Biomass: Development of a Fermented, Antioxidant, Tasty and Stable Food Product

Naturally colored fermented foods currently represent the trend toward a global demand for healthier products. This work produced naturally blue and green ice creams using C-phycocyanin (C-PC) and spirulina residual biomass (RB). The ice creams were assessed based on microbiological analysis, color stability over 6 months, antioxidant activity before and after in vitro digestion, and sensory evaluation. Considering the microorganisms that must be analyzed in accordance with Brazilian legislation, no growth was detected during the storage period. L*, a*, and b* were maintained according to the expected colors. The blue color was intoned over the shelf life (SC-PC *b −9.46 to −19.44 and MC-PC *b from −9.87 to −18.04). The antioxidant activity of the fermented ice creams SC-PC and SRB increased from 15.4 to 41.3 and from 15.3 to 38.0 µM TE/g, respectively, after bioaccessibility analysis. The C-PC ice cream’s appearance received the highest rating, with 70.26% of volunteers expressing a strong preference, highlighting its attractiveness. However, there were no significant differences compared to control samples in the global acceptance. The RB ice cream presented lower results for flavor but moderate acceptance. Thus, these fermented ice creams presented color stability over 6 months, and their antioxidant activity increased after in vitro digestion, highlighting their biological potential.

Corona discharge plasma for green de-inking of inkjet printer ink

This work features a new corona discharge plasma technology for de-inking yellow, blue, and red colors on various papers. This work was developed to minimize the chemical and environmental impacts of de-inking processes. A nonchemical contribution, operating at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, reduces the environmental impact of the process. The deinkability factor (DEMLab) values for all papers are determined with the optimal assessment results provided by a 36-mm variation gap at 2-min (blue) and 10-min (yellow and red) plasma exposure times, followed by applied voltages of 20 kV (yellow), 16 kV (blue), and 20 kV (red). The corona discharge plasma led to 48.58% (yellow printed paper), 64.11% (blue printed paper), and 41.11% (red printed paper) deinkability without altering the physical properties of the paper itself. The change in the tensile strength for the plasma-exposed paper was relatively little, less than 10%, compared to that of common recycling. The tensile strength of the untreated white paper was 5065 ± 487.44 N/mm2, and that of the plasma-treated printed paper was 4593 ± 248.47 N/mm2. It appears that there is little impact on the physicochemical properties of paper induced by the corona plasma treatment during the de-inking process.

Photoluminescence properties of manganese activated calcium tungstate phosphors

This study presents the novel Mn doped CaWO4 nanophosphors as an excellent alternatives of rare earth free materials for display application. The Mn doped CaWO4 phosphor were characterized by various techniques, such as UV–Vis-DRS, Raman, PL analysis. Scheelite type tetragonal structure with space group I41/a has been confirmed. Rietveld analyses confirms the formation of single-phase solid solution. Lattice parameters for Mn free and Mn doped samples were calculated and observed that cell volume decreases after Mn incorporation. FTIR and Raman studies confirm the involvement of functional group and vibrational modes of vibration in the compound. Band gap values are estimated to be in the range of 4.2 to 4.33 eV with Mn doping. Photoluminescence study confirms the strong green emission at 450 and 515 nm (d-d transition in Mn2+) after Mn doping. Also, it was observed that strong emission peak appears ~422 nm is mainly due to the electronic transition, 1 T2 → 1 A1 in [WO4] 2- tetrahedron of CaWO4 host matrices. CIE study confirms that prepared nanophosphor exhibits strong blue colour after Mn incorporation. It can be employed as a potential material for blue phosphors in LEDs applications.

The Iridescent Painting Palette of Michelino da Besozzo: First Results of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Analyses

This study concerns the characterization of the color palette of Michelino da Besozzo, one of the leading painters and illuminators of the Late Gothic period in Northern Italy. The artist’s relationship with the color blue was investigated by considering the recipe for lapis lazuli given by the artist to Giovanni Alcherio in Venice in 1410 and found in the medieval treatise of Jean Lebegue. The paper highlights this important evidence for the study of painting technique in the first half of the 15th century with an analytical and technical study of two paintings: The Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (Siena, Pinacoteca Nazionale, inv. 171) and The Madonna of the Rose Garden (Verona, Museo di Castelvecchio, inv. 173-1B359). These two case studies were approached through analyses carried out with non-invasive and portable techniques such as Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectroscopy and Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS). The results show a color palette based on ultramarine, azurite, verdigris or copper resinate; earths, cinnabar or vermillion; and lead white, yellow and red ochre and lac. These preliminary results made it possible to clarify certain aspects of the artist’s style and his painting technique and identify common elements between the two works of art.

Visualizing Anthocyanins: Colorimertic Analysis of Blue Maize

Anthocyanin, vibrant pigments found in a wide range of plants, including maize, contribute to the red, blue, and purple hues observed in fruits, vegetables, and grains. The inherent color variations in maize, including natural shades of purple, red, blue, and even rainbow colors, pose a significant challenge in accurately assessing maize maturity. This study recognizes the importance of visualizing the distinct blue purplish anthocyanin coloration to determine the optimal harvest time for blue maize, particularly among small-scale producers. To address this crucial need, this research project presents the development of the MaizeMeter, an advanced colorimeter specifically designed to analyze maize color based on anthocyanin pigmentation. Leveraging the power of Internet of Things (IoT) implementation, the MaizeMeter provides real-time monitoring and interpretation of anthocyanin color values. The proposed methodology encompasses the calibration of the color sensor and the prototyping of the MaizeMeter, culminating in the establishment of a comprehensive database of anthocyanin color profiles in blue maize. The generated anthocyanin color database by the MaizeMeter will serve as a vital tool for small-scale farmers and researchers, enabling more efficient and accurate assessment of maize maturity in the future.

Croup: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care

Patient Education| 2021 Croup: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care Connected Content Translation: El crup: En qué casos su hijo necesita cuidado hospitalario: (Croup: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care) Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Croup: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care. Pediatric Patient Education 2021; 10.1542/peo_document217 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All AAP SitesAll PublicationsPediatric Patient Education Search Advanced Search Croup is a common illness that affects the airways, making it hard for a child to breathe. It's most common in toddlers but can affect children between 6 months and 12 years of age. Another symptom is a loud barking cough that is worse at night. Trouble breathing and the barking cough can be scary for parent and child. Most children with viral croup also have low fever. Most cases of croup can be treated successfully at home. However, children with severe cases of croup may need to be treated in the hospital. Call 911 or an ambulance right away if your child Makes a whistling sound (called stridor) that gets louder with each breath.Cannot speak because of a lack of breath.Seems to struggle to get a breath.Has a bluish color of the lips, mouth, or fingernails.Drools or... Copyright © 20082008 American Academy of Pediatrics You do not currently have access to this content.

Blue pigment based on Ni-doped Zn2GeO4: Addressing structure and electronic properties by combining experiment and theory

Understanding the process of color development and creating practical and efficient blue pigments is crucial in ceramics. The current work describes the synthesis and characterization of Ni2+-doped Zn2GeO4 samples with varying concentrations (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16 mol%) as an effective strategy for tailoring their structure and electronic properties. These materials were synthesized using the coprecipitation method followed by microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment at 140 °C for 10 min, and the as-synthesized samples underwent heat treatment at 1000 °C for 2 h to establish thermal-colorimetric stability. The synergistic effect of the Ni2+ 3d orbitals generating energy levels as new trapping sites in a broad energy range above the valence band was verified using DFT calculations. The substitution of Zn2+ by Ni2+ at x = 0.01 % changes the local electronic structure, resulting in a switchable electron transfer from the [NiO4] and the neighbor [ZnO4]and [GeO4] tetrahedral clusters to shared oxygen anions, which is responsible for the observed blue color, as confirmed by colorimetric and spectroscopic analysis. This study paves the way, shedding light on the strategic design of a new class of ceramic pigments characterized by low toxicity, a vibrant blue hue, and excellent chemical/thermal durability. Furthermore, it provides a robust platform for exploring its potential application in the color-tunable Zn2GeO4-based materials.