Bloom's Theory Research Articles

An Evaluation of Bloom's Theory of School Learning in a Computer-Assisted Instruction Curriculum

An Evaluation of Bloom's Theory of School Learning in a Computer-Assisted Instruction Curriculum

The over-reader: Harold Bloom's neo-Darwinian revisionism

Harold Bloom's antithetical revisionism aims at ‘de-idealization’. Thus literary history is turned into a battlefield, tradition into a mere euphemism for the remorseless struggle for cultural survival, and the poem into a mutilating act of self-defence. Under these circumstances Bloom's theory provides an ideological survival kit for critics who have given up their “benighted meanderings after truth” and content themselves with retelling the Bloomian saga about the initiation, struggle, and transfiguration of strong poets — and of the faithful co-revisionist.

Suzuki's “Mother Tongue” Method and Bloom's Learning Theory

Suzuki's “Mother Tongue” Method and Bloom's Learning Theory

A Family Romance-Northrop Frye and Harold Bloom: A Study of Critical Influence

Anyone who has diligently read through Harold Bloom's critical corpus of the past decade is, like a police sketch-artist, able to draft a composit portrait of the influences on Bloom's critical theory. There is William Blake, from whom comes Bloom's belief in the power and importance of imaginative constructs and cosmologies ('heterocosms', to use Bloom's term); Freud, whence Bloom derives the concepts of belatedness, anxiety, the family romance, and his system of defense mechanisms; Vico, to whom Bloom ascribes his theory of divination, originally practiced by primordial Titans of the imagination, resumed in our times by Bloom's cadre of strong and severe poets. The universe in which Bloom and his poets function is Nietzsche's, bereft of beneficent deity, under the sway of an indifferent, antithetical Nature. In Nietzsche too, one can locate Bloom's tendency to aphorism, and the sense of urgency which informs his will to power over the text. Trained early in the Talmud, Bloom attributes his concept of revisionism or misprision to 16th-century Kabbalists. Milton serves as the inhibiting phallic-father for Bloom's Romantic 'ephebe',1 and in his Areopagitica, and his Satan, Milton provides the guidelines and the prototype for Bloom's strong but belated poet, heroically rallying what remains against the authority and priority of the stronger precursor. In

"London" and Its Politics

If you cross the Thames on Westminister Bridge from Parliament to the south bank, go down the stairs on the left side, and walk a hundred yards or so you will come upon the text of Blake's great short poem chiseled into the stone pavement. It is a good place to read the poem, in sight of the chartered Thames it speaks of and not far from Blake's home in Lambeth where he wrote it, though if I had been asked I would have suggested a wall near the Tower or the Docks on the north bank, where Blake later set another wanderer, in Jerusalem, through sights and sounds similar to those of London. As it is, to read it at your feet, next to two benches with a view of Parliament and the Ministry of Defense buildings across the river, in a sidewalk mainly trod by tourists who have never heard of Blake and have no time to think about him on their scheduled ways to their chartered buses, is to feel its continuing relevance, its capacity to speak to our current condition, and at the same time to sense its historicity, its intense absorption in the London of 1792. Its reabsorption as a monument in late twentieth-century London has ironies enough-the sidewalk was declared a Silver Jubilee Walkway in 1977-but at least it is grounded, as it were, in a place where it may converse with the city its author loved and hated, where it may be in the root sense of acting and arguing as a citizen of the polis. The political or social bearings of used to seem perfectly obvious-George Orwell could say, there is more understanding of the nature of capitalist society in a poem like 'I wander through each charter'd street' than in three-quarters of Socialist literature'-but in recent years Harold Bloom has argued, with great energy and influence, that the poem's center of gravity lies not in its encounter with London but in its transactions with a precursor text, Ezekiel, which so threatens the competence and confidence of the poet that the poem becomes a confession of its own inadequacy as prophecy. I think this interpretation is badly wrong-headed and the Ezekiel precedent a red herring which draws us out of the poem altogether. I believe I can show this without taking on Bloom's general theory of poetic influence, but

Bloom's Theory of School Learning: an analysis

(1980). Bloom's Theory of School Learning: an analysis. Educational Studies: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 55-63.

Bloom's theory of school learning—A summary of the implications for science education

Bloom's theory of school learning—A summary of the implications for science education

Effect of Specific Teaching Techniques

To test the effects of different teaching techniques on learning, transfer of learning, and affective behavior of nurses, three hypotheses were developed based on Gagne's Theory of Knowledge Acquisition, Ellis' Theory of Transfer of Learning, and Bloom's Theory of Affective Consequences of Knowledge. The hypotheses tested were that an experimental (E) group will learn, transfer, and demonstrate affective behaviors significantly more than control groups. Subjects were 131 staff nurses. The E group (N=36) was taught by means of filmstrip with discussion (FD). Control groups II, III, and IV (N=33, 31, and 31 subjects, respectively) were taught by means of lecture alone (L), lecture with discussion (LD), and filmstrip alone (F), respectively. The content taught was Engel's Theory of Grief and Mourning Process. Pre- and posttests were done to obtain measures on learning and transfer. Results showed that the E group transferred significantly more than the L group; in general, all groups showed significant increases in learning and transfer; film groups transferred significantly more than the lecture groups; subjects preferred LD and FD significantly more than F or L. Implications were made for education of patients, students, and staff.

Nuclear Longitudinal Relaxation in hcpD2

We present a systematic study of longitudinal nuclear relaxation times ${T}_{1}$ in hcp ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ between 0.4 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and the triple point, about 18.7 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, at a frequency of 4.7 MHz. The concentration range of the para molecules (i.e., those with a rotational angular momentum $J=1$) was between $C=0.02$ and $C=0.91$. Following saturation, the recovery of the longitudinal magnetization was observed to be exponential as a function of time for all concentrations, and hence the relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ was always well defined. In the region below 11 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, where thermally activated diffusion is frozen out, the main relaxation mechanisms are by means of the modulation of the intramolecular dipolar fields by the intermolecular electric quadrupole-quadrupole interaction, and by cross relaxation between the nuclei of molecules with $J=0$ (ortho ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$) and $J=1$ (para ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$). The agreement between the limiting high-temperature value ${T}_{1\ensuremath{\infty}}$ and that calculated from theory is good at high concentrations of ($J=1$) molecules, but only fair at low concentrations. For the latter region, systematic discrepancies between experiment and theory are discussed. The strong temperature dependence of ${T}_{1}$ below 4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is not well understood. In the region above about 12 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, where diffusion narrows the linewidth, and for concentrations $C$ above about 0.3, the relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ is hardly affected by diffusion and shows only a small increase with $T$. However, ${T}_{1}$ for low ($J=1$) concentrations shows a strong increase with $T$ and a maximum near 17 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. This behavior can be understood in terms of a theory by Bloom, which was applied to the similar case of solid HD with ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ impurities. At temperature above 13 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, ${T}_{1}$ becomes influenced by diffusion, and the data could be quantitatively fitted to Bloom's theory using two parameters with values close to those estimated theoretically.

Proton Spin-Lattice Relaxation in Solid and Liquid Hydrogen Deuteride

Measurements of the proton spin-lattice relaxation time in solid and liquid HD containing ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ (and a smaller amount of ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$) impurities have been made in the temperature range 1.3-21.9\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The experiments in the solid were carried out at two radio frequencies, \ensuremath{\sim}10 and \ensuremath{\sim}40 MHz, on samples whose ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ concentration had been greatly reduced by ortho-para conversion for several weeks at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Below 8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, ${T}_{1}$ is strongly temperature-dependent, varying roughly as ${T}^{\ensuremath{-}6.5}$ down to 4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K in the samples with lowest ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ concentration. Below 4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, the temperature dependence decreases to about ${T}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ at 2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The magnetic field dependence of ${T}_{1}$ between 0.5 and 10 kOe, at liquid-helium temperatures, is found to have the approximate form ${T}_{1}\ensuremath{\propto}{H}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$, with $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ between $\frac{1}{3}$ and 1. These low-temperature results are interpreted in terms of a fast cross-relaxation process between protons of different species, which gives a relaxation rate $\frac{1}{{T}_{1}}$ proportional to the product of the ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ relaxation rate and the ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ concentration. Differences between our results and those of Hardy and Gaines are explained by a quenching in our samples of relaxation processes involving mutual interactions of ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ molecules, apparently as a result of crystal-field splittings of the rotational levels produced by the appreciable para-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ (and perhaps ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$) impurity concentrations in our samples. We were able to deduce the ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ concentrations of our samples (between 7 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ and 6 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$), to determine the intrinsic relaxation time of the ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ impurity, which is approximately 16 msec at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 2.5 kOe, and to resolve some of the problems in Hardy and Gaines's interpretation. In the temperature region above \ensuremath{\sim}8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K for the solid substance, self-diffusion-induced relaxation becomes important for our range of sample ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ concentrations, and the results are in semiquantitative agreement with the predictions of Bloom's theory. In particular, near the melting point, ${T}_{1}$ is independent of the ortho-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ concentration, indicating dominance of an intrinsic HD relaxation mechanism, and ${T}_{1}$ is proportional to ${H}^{2}$. The activation energy for HD molecular self-diffusion was found to be approximately 190\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, which is considerably lower than the value of 302\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K previously determined by Bloom. The rate of ortho-para conversion of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in solid HD was measured to be (0.68\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05)%/h, in reasonable agreement with theoretical calculations by Urano and Motizuki. Measurements were also made on the rate of para-ortho relaxation at room temperature in a glass vessel, by monitoring the relaxation time at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K after various waiting times at room temperature. Proton ${T}_{1}$ measurements in the liquid at 5.9 MHz indicate an increase of ${T}_{1}$ with temperature. From these measurements, the relative relaxation rates due to translational and rotational processes are shown to vary from about 4:1 at the HD boiling point to 50:1 at the melting point, in agreement with Bloom's estimate.