Dilated Blood Vessels Research Articles

The Correlation Between the Type of Fluid Administration and the Incidence of Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia at RS Wijayakusuma Purwokerto

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a type of regional anesthesia that involves injecting a local anesthetic into the subarachnoid area. The effect of sympathetic blockade in spinal anesthesia can cause dilation of blood vessels, suppress systemic vascular resistance and result in hypotension [1]. The effects of hypotension are pulmonary aspiration, cardiac arrest, respiratory depression, and loss of consciousness. A sudden drop in blood pressure can also cause a heart attack, a complication of spinal anesthesia. Method: A quantitative approach using a correlational observational design with research variables, namely the administration of fluid types with the incidence of hypotension in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. The research was conducted in the IBS room at Wijayakusuma Hospital, Purwokerto, with samples was calculated obtained 53 respondents who were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The relationship between the two variables tested was carried out using the non-parametric chi square statistical test with the Fisher exact test Results: Among the respondents, the type of fluid administered was crystalloids in 98.1% of cases, with 70.2% of respondents not experiencing hypotension. The chi-square test yielded a p-value of 1.000, indicating no significant correlation between the type of fluid administered and the incidence of hypotension in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between the administration of crystalloid or colloid fluids and the incidence of hypotension in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia at RST Wijayakusuma Purwokerto.

Triple-action cancer therapy using laser-activated NO-releasing metallomicellar nanophotosensitizer for pyroptosis-driven immune reprogramming.

Cancer photoimmunotherapy represents an intelligent and highly efficient therapeutic approach that harnesses the photothermal effect to precisely target and ablate tumor tissues, while simultaneously modulating the immune system to achieve tumor elimination. The integration of multifunctional therapeutic modalities for combined photoimmunotherapy requires advanced drug delivery systems. However, the design of a single nanoagent capable of serving as a multifunctional nanophotosensitizer remains a significant challenge. In this study, we developed a metallomicellar nanophotosensitizer named TAGNO, which offers a synergistic tri-modal cancer treatment strategy by combining photothermal therapy (PTT), gas therapy (GT), and immunotherapy. The TAGNO nanophotosensitizer consists of a gold nanorod core, responsible for inducing the photothermal effect, coated with an amphiphilic polymer functionalized with tumor cell penetrating peptide to accommodate lipophilic small molecule BNN6, a nitric oxide (NO) donor for GT. We demonstrated that TAGNO exhibited high tumor accumulation, excellent stability, and biocompatibility, ensuring the safe delivery of NO to the tumor site. Upon near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, TAGNO effectively raised the temperature within tumor tissues while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues and enabled controlled NO release. Once released, the NO interacts with hydrogen peroxide in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, forming peroxynitrite (ONOO-), which induces mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers pyroptotic cell death. Pyroptosis induced immunogenic cell death and the subsequent release of tumor antigens, activating cytotoxic T cells and promoting M1 macrophage polarization, effectively controlling both primary and secondary tumor growth. Furthermore, laser-induced NO release facilitated the relaxation of stiff tumor tissues, enhancing blood vessel dilation and oxygenation. This improvement promoted immune cell infiltration while suppressing immunosuppressive cells. Overall, this innovative combination of PTT, GT, and immunotherapy presents a potent and synergistic strategy for the treatment of malignant colon tumors, achieving complete tumor eradication.

Comparative study of pulpal response following direct pulp capping using synthesized fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate and compare the histological response of rabbit dental pulp after direct pulp capping with 3 different materials: mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), nanoparticles of fluorapatite (Nano-FA), and nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA) after 4 and 6-week time intervals.Material and methodsA total of 72 upper and lower incisor teeth from 18 rabbits were randomly categorized into 3 groups)24 incisors from six rabbits each. MTA Group: teeth were capped with MTA. Nano-FA Group: teeth were capped with fluorapatite nanoparticles. Nano-HA Group: teeth were capped with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Blood samples were collected to examine some antioxidant enzymes nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). After that, three rabbits from each group were euthanized after 4 and 6 weeks, respectively. Pulp tissues of all teeth in all groups were histologically observed.ResultsThe obtained results showed that both Nano-HA induced the formation of thick dentin bridges with irregular dentin patterns at 6 weeks, while MTA and Nano-FA induced no dentin bridge with no tubular dentin pattern. Blood examination at the two intervals revealed no significant increase or decrease in the values of NO, SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and TNF-α. However, there was a significant increase in p-values of IL-6 in the Nano-FA treated group compared to both MTA and Nano-HA treated groups at the two intervals. Regarding the inflammatory reaction of the dental pulp, the MTA and Nano-HA groups displayed moderate inflammation, followed by Nano-FA, which showed the highest prevalence of nonpathological inflammation. Histological results were consistent with the blood examination. After 4 weeks, the Nano-FA and Nano-HA groups showed pulp fibrosis at the operating site, but the MTA showed only granulation tissues. Plus, dilated blood vessels appeared in the Nano-FA group. After 6 weeks, MTA and Nano-FA groups showed pulp fibrosis at the operating site with the persistence of dilated blood vessels with Nano-FA. The nano-HA group showed dentin bridge formation at the operating site.ConclusionMTA and Nano-HA could be considered favorable materials for direct pulp capping, while Nano-FA produces nonpathological inflammatory cell reactions. Moreover, the Nano-HA was the best in dentin bridge formation. Although nano-FA increased the operating site closure, it was noticed that it significantly increased IL-6 compared to MTA at the two intervals and significantly increased IL-6 compared to Nano-HA at 6 weeks, which may be manifested as some nonpathological inflammations in the Nano-FA group compared to the other groups, but it was deemed acceptable to direct pulp capping procedures.

Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Aerobic Capacity in Female Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background/Objectives: This study addresses the growing interest in nutritional supplements that improve athletic performance in endurance sports. Previous research suggests that nitrates in beetroot juice enhance blood vessel dilation and oxygen delivery to muscles. However, the effects of these nitrates on cardiopulmonary performance in female athletes remain underexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of beetroot juice supplementation on aerobic work capacity in female endurance athletes. Methods: A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was conducted to assess aerobic work capacity. Eighteen healthy female endurance athletes (22.9 ± 5.6 years) participated in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (placebo group n = 9), which received a nitrate-free placebo beverage, and the experimental group (beetroot juice group n = 9), which consumed 50 mL of beetroot juice concentrate (~6.2 mmol nitrate) two and a half hours before the second test. Results: The results showed that the beetroot juice group demonstrated significant improvements in minute ventilation (VE), respiratory equivalents (VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2), and heart rate (HR) (p < 0.05). Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) increased by 4.82% in the beetroot juice group (from 35.24 ± 5.07 to 36.94 ± 4.91 mL·min-1·kg-1), whereas a small decrease was observed in the placebo group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that beetroot juice may be an effective ergogenic aid, enhancing oxygen utilization and energy production during exercise in female athletes. In terms of practical applications, beetroot juice could contribute to improved athletic performance and serve as a valuable addition to athletes' nutritional plans. Future studies should explore the long-term effects, optimal dosages, and duration of supplementation in larger and more diverse populations.

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: On the Brink of a New Treatment Era?

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an inherited vascular disorder with highly variable penetrance, affecting up to 1 in 5,000 individuals. It is characterized by the presence of abnormal blood vessels that can lead to excessive bleeding-most frequently recurrent nosebleeds (epistaxis), skin and mucosal telangiectasias (small, dilated blood vessels), as well as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that can form in various organs, particularly the lungs, liver, and brain. HHT is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the BMP9-10/ENG/ALK1/SMAD4 signaling pathway, an important mediator of vascular quiescence. HHT possesses significant challenges for affected individuals, as the complications can range from mild to life-threatening events, depending on the severity and location of the vascular abnormalities. Despite this bleeding disorder being not uncommon, nowadays no specific treatment is as yet available for HHT and most current therapies include repurposed drugs. The aim of this review was to show therapeutic advances on the basis of recent promising clinical trials for HHT.

Investigating the Role of IL-17A gene rs2275913 Variant in Rosacea: In Silico Analysis Suggests Further Studies

Interleukine-17 (IL-17), a crucial component of the body's immune response against pathogens, is also implicated in various inflammatory processes. Notably, the skin of rosacea patients exhibits chronic inflammation, and IL-17 is known to induce the production of additional pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. This inflammatory cascade can contribute to the hallmark features of rosacea, including dilated blood vessels, immune cell infiltration, and the development of papules and pustules. The study aimed to examine whether a specific genetic variation in the IL-17A gene (-197 G&gt;A; rs2275913) is associated with rosacea susceptibility. We compared the IL-17A variant and rosacea risk in 31 healthy individuals and 25 with rosacea. Genotyping of the IL-17A variant was performed using the PCR-RFLP method. Genotype and allele frequency distributions were compared across groups using the chi-square test (χ2). Additionally, gene ontology (GO) analysis of the IL-17A gene using web-based tools is also demonstrated. No significant association between the rs2275913 polymorphism and rosacea susceptibility was observed in this study (p=0.124) but in silico analysis suggested that the IL-17A gene interaction network might play a role in the disease. Given its critical function in regulating IL-17A and related genes, particularly in immune defense and inflammatory processes, further investigation into its potential influence on rosacea development is required.

Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography in lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia: A pilot study.

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are common causes of cicatricial alopecia. While several studies have demonstrated the usefulness of non-invasive imaging methods such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the diagnosis of scarring alopecia, this study aimed to identify characteristic features of cicatricial alopecia in LPP/FFA using line-field confocal OCT (LC-OCT). Fifty-one patients (26 LPP, 24 FFA, 1 LPP and FFA) were prospectively analyzed with LC-OCT at three defined locations on the scalp: (1) scarring area = lesion, (2) scar-hair boundary = transition zone and (3) healthy area for the presence of the following pre-defined criteria: no hair follicles left, destructed hair follicles, dermal sclerosis, no rimming of the dermal papillae, epidermal and dermal inflammatory infiltrate, infundibular hyperkeratosis, dilated blood vessels, hypervascularization, melanophages, epidermal pigment incontinence. Comparison of the transition zone with healthy control sites revealed the four main LC-OCT features in LPP/FFA: dermal sclerosis (100%), dermal inflammatory infiltrate (90.2%), infundibular hyperkeratosis (60.8%) and hypervascularization (76.5%). LC-OCT detects specific criteria of pathological changes in LPP/FFA around hair follicles in the epidermis and dermis and therefore can be used for further studies investigating scarring alopecia.

The New Nitric Oxide Donor, FOR 911B, Induces Relaxation in Isolated Rat Aorta Involving the NO/sGC/cGMP Pathway and K+ Channels

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule considered to be a protagonist in the dilation of blood vessels, and its property and/or bioavailability are reduced in pathophysiological conditions such as cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, its exogenous administration becomes attractive, and new classes of compounds able to induce NO release have emerged to minimize the adverse effects found by existing NO donor drugs. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the vasorelaxant effect and mechanism of action induced by the ruthenium complex, which contains nitric oxide in its structure, [Ru(phen)2(TU)NO](PF6)3 (FOR 911B), in isolated rat aorta. Methods: The animals were euthanized, and the aorta artery was identified, removed, and immediately placed in modified Krebs–Henseleit solution. To verify tissue viability, a contraction was obtained with phenylephrine (Phe) (0.1 μM), and to assess endothelial integrity, acetylcholine (ACh) (1 μM) was added. Results: In the present study, we demonstrated, for the first time, that FOR 911B promotes vasorelaxation in a concentration-dependent manner in isolated rat aortic artery rings. After the removal of the vascular endothelium, the potency and efficacy of the relaxation were not altered. With pre-incubation with hydroxocobalamin, the relaxing response was abolished, and with the use of ODQ, the main NO receptor blocker, the vasorelaxant effect was attenuated with a shift of the curve to the right. To investigate the participation of K+ channels, the solution concentration was changed to KCl (20 and 60 mM), and it was pre-incubated with the non-selective K+ channels blocker (TEA). Under these conditions, relaxation was altered, demonstrating that K+ channels are activated by FOR 911B. By selectively blocking the different subtypes of K+ channels with specific blockers, we demonstrated that the subtypes KV, KIR, SKCa, and BKCa are involved in the vasodilator effect induced by FOR 911B. Conclusions: The results obtained demonstrated that FOR 911B promotes vascular relaxation in aortic artery rings in a concentration-dependent manner and independent of the vascular endothelium through the participation of the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway, as well as with the involvement of different K+ channels.

Co-administration of Ayurvedic medicines Arshogrit and Jatyadi Ghrit, attenuate croton oil-induced hemorrhoids in rat model of recto-anal inflammation by modulating TNF-α and IL-1β levels

Objective To study the efficacy of co-administration of Arshogrit (AG) and Jatyadi Ghrit (JG), two herb-based Ayurvedic medicines, in rat model of croton oil-induced hemorrhoids. Significance Hemorrhoids refer to a pathological condition affecting the recto-anal region causing pain, swelling, bleeding and protrusion. The available therapies for hemorrhoids are symptomatic or invasive but are expensive and associated with adverse effects. Hence, there exists a need for efficacious and safer pharmacotherapies. Methods Ultra high performance liquid chromatography detected nine phytocompounds in AG and seven in JG. Seven fatty acids were additionally identified in JG by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. The in-vivo efficacy of the co-administration of AG, which was administered orally at the doses of 20, 60 and 200 mg/kg/day and JG, which was topically applied (100 mg/animal/day) was evaluated in Wistar rats by inducing hemorrhoids development with the application of croton oil preparation (COP) in the recto-anal area. Prednisolone was employed as the standard drug and was administered orally at the dose of 1 mg/kg/day. Results AG and JG were able to attenuate the croton oil-induced macro and microscopic anomalies. Gross pathological observation demonstrated remarkable decrease in croton oil-induced swelling, hemorrhage and formation of pseudomembrane, with the escalating doses of AG. Microscopic observation revealed alleviation in the histopathological lesions (necrosis, inflammation, hemorrhage/congestion, degeneration and dilatation of blood vessels). AG and JG additionally reduced COP-induced increase in the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion This study convincingly demonstrates that co-administration of AG and JG is a potential therapy against hemorrhoids, warranting further investigations.

The application of thermolysis and sonophoresis for vascular closure. Case report

Modern skin care cosmetology provides an extensive array of techniques to enhance skin condition, particularly those related to dilated blood vessels. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of combined therapy of thermolysis for occluding blood vessels and sonophoresis using ultrasound for skin regeneration and enhancement. The conducted skin analyses indicated that the integration of these two procedures yields satisfactory outcomes in the management of erythema and in the occlusion of blood vessels.

Toxicity assessment of copper oxide nanoparticles: In vivo study

Abstact Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have wide range of application in many fields of industry, agriculture, cosmetics, and health care with probable risk to human health. The present study was conducted to find the chronic toxicity of these nanoparticles in the vital organs. Male healthy Wister Albino rats were subjected on daily bases to 35 intraperitoneal administration of 25 nm CuO NPs (2 mg/kg). All animals were subjected to morphological, histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural examinations. Exposure to CuO NPs induced reduction in body weight gain, urine retention, back arching, and renal calculi formation. The renal tissues demonstrated tubular hydropic degeneration, glomerular hypercellularity, blood vessels congestion and dilatation, renal interstitial oedema, mitochondrial injury, and lysosomal hypertrophy. Conversely, the liver displayed hepatocyte insultation, sinusoidal dilatation, Kupffer cells hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatocytes mitochondrial cristolysis, mitochondrial swelling, lysosomal hyperplasia, and nuclear alterations. Furthermore, the cardiac tissues demonstrated congestion, cardiocytes disarray, and disorganization. In addition, the neural tissue exhibited Purkinje cells degeneration and cerebral cortex spongiosis. The results suggest that CuO nanomaterials engage with the vital organs’ components, potentially leading to alterations that could affect the organs function. Further research is encouraged for better understanding the mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of CuO NPs.

Impact Of Giving Cucumber Juice Changes Blood Pressure In Elderly Hypertension Sufferers At Integrated Service Post For The Elderly “X” In Malang Regency

Hypertension is known as a silent killer because many individuals are unaware that they have high blood pressure, which can lead to significant health complications and various diseases. Treatment modalities includes pharmacological intervention (medication) and non-pharmacological intervention (treatment without chemicals). Consuming fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins, water, and minerals such as cucumbers can be utilized as non-pharmacological treatments to manage blood pressure. Cucumbers contain potassium, which helps to dilate blood vessels thereby reducing blood pressure. This study aims to determine the impact of administering cucumber juice to elderly individuals with hypertension. The research design employed quasi-experimental design, with the one group of pre-post-test method. The study included 30 respondents whose blood pressure was measured before and after consuming cucumber juice. The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon analysis test, with a p-value of 0.0001 0.05, indicating a significant impact of cucumber juice to elderly with hypertension. The Health Center is encouraged to implement and advocated for the use of cucumber juice as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension among the elderly.

Generation of iPSC-derived human venous endothelial cells for the modeling of vascular malformations and drug discovery

Venous malformations (VMs) represent prevalent vascular anomalies typically attributed to non-inherited somatic mutations within venous endothelial cells (VECs). The lack of robust disease models for VMs impedes drug discovery. Here, we devise a robust protocol for the generation of human induced VECs (iVECs) through manipulation of cell-cycle dynamics via the retinoic signaling pathway. We introduce an L914F mutation into the TIE2 gene locus of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and show that the mutated iVECs form dilated blood vessels after transplantation into mice, thereby recapitulating the phenotypic characteristics observed in VMs. Moreover, utilizing a deep neural network and a high-throughput digital RNA with perturbation of genes sequencing (DRUG-seq) approach, we perform drug screening and demonstrate that bosutinib effectively rescues the disease phenotype invitro and invivo. In summary, by leveraging genome editing and stem cell technology, we generate VM models that enable the development of additional therapeutics.

Unveiling cadmium toxicity in Etroplus suratensis through endpoint analysis and biomarker profiling: A step towards coastal water quality guideline development

This study contributes to ecotoxicological data essential for establishing water quality standards for cadmium (Cd). The 96-hour median lethal concentration (LC50) of Cd on Etroplus suratensis was 1.56 ± 0.02 mg L−1 with upper and lower confidence intervals of 1.24 to 1.89 mg L−1 respectively. The No Observable Effect Concentration (NOEC), Lowest Observable Effect Concentration (LOEC), and chronic values were 0.11, 0.18, and 0.15 mg L−1, respectively. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and total glutathione (TG) increased dose-dependently. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) significantly rose (p < 0.05). Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in the brain and muscle decreased significantly at 0.32 (p < 0.01) and 0.47 (p < 0.001) mg L−1. Energy reserves and electron transport system (ETS) activity dropped in Cd-exposed groups. Cellular energy allocation decreased from controls to the highest exposure group. Behavioral changes such as rubbing, surfacing, jerking, burst swimming, and fin flickering intensified with exposure. Hematological analysis showed a dose-dependent red blood cell (RBC) count decrease and a white blood cell (WBC) count increase. Major gill lesions included lamellar aneurism, lamellar fusion, necrosis, hyperplasia, and hypertrophy. Liver abnormalities featured blood vessel dilation, thrombosis, hemosiderin formation, nuclear pyknosis, and necrosis. Retinular layer damage affected pigment and photoreceptor cells. The integrated biomarker index indicated significant effects on GST, GPx, ETS activity, and LPO content. Also, the high sensitivity of Etroplus suratensis to cadmium confirms its suitability as an indicator species for pollution monitoring.

Effect of Sertraline and Vortioxetine on Stress-Induced Brain Injury in Rats: Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluations.

Our aim was to evaluate the comparative effects of sertraline and vortioxetine against stress-induced brain injury in rats. The rats were assigned to a nonstress group (NSG), stress-treated control (StC), sertraline + stress (SSt), and vortioxetine + stress (VSt) groups. Sertraline and vortioxetine (10 mg/kg) were given orally by gavage to the SSt and VSt groups. One hour later, all animals (except NSG) underwent forced immobilization to establish a stress model (2 hours). The drugs were given once a day for 30 days. The animals were killed with ketamine 150 mg/kg, and tissues were removed from the cerebral cortex. One-way analysis of variance and Fisher post hoc least significant difference were conducted for the analysis. The malondialdehyde (nmol/mL) level was 2.58 ± 0.48 in the NSG, 8.09 ± 0.57 in the StC, 3.84 ± 0.53 in the SSt, and 2.84 ± 0.20 in the VSt group (P < 0.0002). The total glutathione (mmol/g) was 7.15 ± 0.59 in the NSG, 2.41 ± 0.43 in the StC, 4.58 ± 0.26 in the SSt, and 5.98 ± 0.13 in the VSt (P < 0.0002). The total oxidant status (mmol H2O2Eq/L) level was 3.56 ± 0.20 in the NSG, 9.99 ± 0.74 in the StC, 4.97 ± 0.39 in the SSt, and 3.81 ± 0.31 in the VSt (P < 0.0002). The total antioxidant status (mmolTroloxEq/L) level was 8.65 ± 0.37 in the NSG, 3.04 ± 0.22 in the StC, 6.29 ± 0.34 in the SSt, and 7.61 ± 0.40 in the VSt (P < 0.0002). Sertraline reduced pericellular edema in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and decreased perivascular edema, dilatation, and congestion of blood vessels, whereas these were not seen with vortioxetine. Compared with sertraline, vortioxetine is a neuroprotective antidepressant with higher antioxidant activity and can more effectively prevent stress-induced brain tissue injury.

The Effect of Ginger Water Decoction on Leg Edema in Pregnant Mothers at Kasih Ibu Primary Clinic, 2024

The bending of the uterus restricts venous return and gravitational pull, which increases fluid retention and causes 80% of pregnant women in the third trimester to experience leg edema or swelling. Edema in pregnant women’s legs can be a sign of dangerous pregnancy conditions, such as pre-eclampsia. Edema is also very dangerous for pregnant women as it can lead to issues with the heart, kidneys, and other body parts, disrupting their functions. Foot soaking, or foot hydrotherapy, is an additional therapy that can be done independently. To improve blood circulation and trigger a systemic response (vasodilation) through the dilation of blood vessels, bathing with warm water will help. The authors aim to conduct research on "The Effect of Ginger Decoction on Edema in Pregnant Women's Legs at Kasih Ibu Pratama Clinic in 2024" based on the above information and data. They believe that foot soaks can also be combined with other herbal ingredients. The research method used a population of 100 with a sample of 17 individuals, employing a quantitative research design and a one-group pre-test post-test model, where observations were made before and after treatment with data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The study found that ginger decoction has an effect on reducing edema in the legs of pregnant women. The test results showed a probability of 0.01. This means that the probability &lt; level of significance (? = 0.05), so Ha is accepted, and H0 is rejected, indicating a significant difference between leg edema in pregnant women before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the administration of ginger decoction. Therefore, ginger decoction has an effect on reducing edema in pregnant women's legs.

Research Progress on the Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine for the Treatment of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) refers to contractile left ventricular dysfunction in the case of severe coronary stenosis, which is the most common cause of heart failure. In recent years, the incidence of ICM has shown a significant upward trend, and the quality of life and life safety of patients have been seriously affected. At present, the treatment of ICM mainly focuses on dilating blood vessels, diuresis, improving myocardial metabolism and enhancing myocardial function. Research shows that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in improving the prognosis and quality of life of ICM patients. There are a variety of treatment methods, including decoction, injections, proprietary Chinese medicine, etc. This article summarizes the research progress of ICM's traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, with a view to providing reference for clinical treatment.

Cervical angiofibroma of soft tissue: A rare case report with literature review.

Angiofibroma of soft tissue (AFST) is a rare benign fibrous tumor recently included in the 2020 WHO classification of soft tissue and bone tumors. Currently, there are limited reports on AFST, and pathologists lack sufficient understanding of its clinical and pathological characteristics. There is scarce literature available on AFST in the cervical region. We presented a case of a 49-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital for emergency treatment due to vaginal bleeding and fatigue. Ultrasound revealed a 63 × 27 mm hypoechoic mass extending from the cervical opening to the external opening, with a hemoglobin level of 58.0 g/L on blood routine. The tissue exhibited a pale-yellow mucinous appearance with distinct tissue boundaries and a fibrous capsule under a microscope. HE staining revealed spindle-shaped fibroblast-like cells with a consistent morphology, thin-walled branching small blood vessels, and dilated blood vessels. Regions with abundant cells and areas with sparse cells were alternately distributed and migrated gradually. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated positive expression of P53, desmin, progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, CD68, CD163 in the tumor, but negative expression of P16, S-100, smooth muscle actin, CD117, CD10, STAT-6. CD34 was negative in the tumor cells but positive in the vascular endothelium. The Ki-67 index value was 5%. Pathological examination confirmed a soft tissue angiofibroma of the cervix. Emergency hysteroscopic surgery was performed following infusion of 3 units of packed red blood cells. A local excision of the cervical mass was performed. A 1-month follow-up ultrasound showed no abnormal mass in the cervical canal, and there have been no signs of recurrence to date. Cervical angiofibroma of soft tissue is a rare tumor with a benign clinical manifestation, minimal local recurrence, and no significant metastatic potential. Treatment primarily involves local resection with a focus on achieving negative surgical margins. By presenting this case, we aim to enhance the diagnostic and differential diagnostic capabilities of pathologists in identifying uterine tumors and preventing misdiagnosis.

Pigmented Purpuric Dermatoses in Children: A case Report &amp; Importance of Clinicopathological Correlation

Abstract Introduction/Objective Pigmented purpuric dermatoses are characterized by chronic but benign cutaneous eruptions featuring petechiae, purpura, or yellow to brown patches. It is more common in adult males and adolescents is generally localized on the lower limbs and has been reported in children multiple times. Our objective is to bring to consideration that it is not very uncommon in children and clinicopathological correlation is very important for a confirmed diagnosis. Methods/Case Report In our study, we report a case of 9 years 9-year-old girl with asymptomatic brown patches on lower legs bilaterally but asymmetrically since &amp;gt; 6-8 months. Histopathology was suggestive of typical features suggestive of PPD, including dilated blood vessels, endothelial cell swelling, hemosiderin deposition, red cell extravasation, and perivascular lymphocytic-macrophage infiltration. Pediatric instances of PPD are infrequently documented, due to their exclusion from the other differential diagnosis of purpura, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and atopic dermatitis in this age group. Because these conditions lack systemic findings and share similar clinical presentations with other skin disorders, they may be overlooked or mistaken for more common conditions in pediatric patients. Histopathology plays a vital role in case of patches of persistent pigmentation on the skin especially lower limbs to rule out PPD. In many cases of pediatric PPD, it is usually considered self-resolving, but there is complete resolution has also been reported with Vitamin C, rutoside, narrow-band ultraviolet B treatment, and topical corticosteroids. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) In many cases of pediatric Pigmented purpuric dermatosis is usually considered as self-resolving, but there is complete resolution has also been reported with Vitamin C, rutoside [3] narrow-band ultraviolet B treatment and topical corticosteroids. Conclusion Our study aims to emphasize improving diagnostic accuracy, especially in pediatric cases, enhancing outcomes, and understanding the necessity of histopathological diagnosis in pediatric PPD cases. We also seek to abate the risk of misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis, and the need for increased awareness of this diagnosis in pediatric cases so that we can counsel and manage patients and their families accordingly. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, we advocate for the inclusion of Schamberg’s type purpura as a differential diagnosis for purpuric eruptions or cutaneous discoloration in childhood.

6436 Adrenal Venous Congestion Clinically Mimicking Carcinoma In A Large Degenerated Adrenocortical Adenoma

Abstract Disclosure: K. Ishiwata: None. S. Suzuki: None. S. Watanabe: None. Y. Yamazaki: None. H. Sasano: None. K. Yokote: None. Introduction: A large heterogenous adrenal tumor is often malignant. Only eight reported cases of adrenal adenoma harboring hemorrhage or venous thrombosis have been reported but their details not. We encountered a case of large degenerated adrenocortical adenoma harboring adrenal venous congestion mimicking adrenocortical carcinoma. Case: Adrenal tumor was incidentally detected in a 71-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis in her regular health check-up. Abdominal CT and MRI demonstrated a heterogenous mass measuring 7.6 cm with peripheral enhancement in the left adrenal gland. [1]3[1]I-adosterol scintigraphy revealed accumulation only in the left tumor margins with no accumulation in [1]8F-FDG-PET scan. Results of endocrinologic evaluation were consistent with subclinical Cushing syndrome. The large size and heterogeneous nature of the mass clinically suggested adrenocortical malignancy, and left laparoscopic adrenalectomy was subsequently performed. The resected left adrenal lesion was encapsulated and measured 6.5 x 6.3 x 5.8 cm appearing almost black and partially yellow on the cut surface. Microscopically, the nodule was composed of SF-1 positive, clear cortical cells with abundant hyaline stroma containing numerous dilated veins with CD31/34-positive endothelial cells, and no foci of necrosis or hemorrhage were detected. The tumor cells above were positive for steroidogenic enzymes including CTP17, HSD3β and CYP11B1 but negative for CYP11B2. Ki-67 labeling index was &amp;lt;2% in the tumor. The criteria of Weiss (0 out of 9) revealed that the tumor was cortisol-producing adrenocortical adenoma. Discussion: In this case, clusters of SF1-positive cortisol producing adrenocortical adenoma cells were present in the hyalinized stroma containing many dilated blood vessels. These findings indicated that those histological features were caused by ischemic degeneration due to intratumoral circulatory disturbance, which clinically simulated adrenocortical carcinoma. Conclusion: We have experienced a very rare case of cortisol-producing adrenocortical adenoma with adrenal venous congestion, resulting in marked enlargement of the lesion. Presentation: 6/3/2024