Blood Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Research Articles

The association of LPCAT1-rs9728 polymorphism with cord blood IL-10, MIF, and VEGF levels in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a case–control study

BackgroundLysophospholipid acyltransferase (LPCAT) is crucial for surfactant biosynthesis. It is encoded by LPCAT genes. We investigated the LPCAT1-rs9728 genotypes in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) cases and their possible association with the cord arterial serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels.MethodsThe study included 160 neonates grouped into G1: 60 healthy neonates and G2: 100 NRDS cases. IL-10, MIF, and VEGF levels were measured by their corresponding kits. The Gene JETTM Whole Blood Genomic DNA Purification Mini Kit was used to extract the DNA from the newborn venous blood. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out for LPCAT1-rs9728 genotyping.ResultsThe IL-10 and MIF levels were significantly higher, while VEGF levels were significantly lower in G2 than in G1. The percentages of LPCAT1-rs9728 AA and LPCAT1-rs9728 AG genotypes were significantly higher in G2 than in G1. The IL-10 and MIF levels were significantly higher, while the VEGF levels, birth weight, and APGAR score at 1 and 5 min were significantly lower in neonates with LPCAT1-rs9728 AA genotype than in neonates with LPCAT1-rs9728 AG and LPCAT1-rs9728 GG genotypes and in neonates with LPCAT1-rs9728 AG genotype than in neonates with LPCAT1-rs9728 GG genotype.ConclusionThere is an association between the LPCAT1-rs9728 AA genotype and its A allele and the NRDS development and severity. Further research may provide a better understanding of this association to help future management.

Vascular endothelial growth factor is an effective biomarker for vascular dementia, not for Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis.

Vascular pathology is known to contribute to dementia and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well-established biomarker associated with vascular alterations. Nonetheless, research findings on VEGF in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are inconsistent across various studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to elucidate relationships between VEGF and AD/VaD. Twenty-four studies were included. Pooled data showed that both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) VEGF levels were higher in VaD patients, whereas no significant difference was found between AD patients and healthy controls. However, the correlation between blood VEGF and AD was found among studies with AD pathology verification. And blood VEGF levels were higher in AD patients than controls in "age difference<5 years" subgroup and CSF samples for European cohorts. This study highlights that VEGF is more effective for the diagnosis of VaD and vascular factors are also an important contributor in AD. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were higher in the vascular dementia group, but not in the overall Alzheimer's disease (AD) group.Correlation between VEGF and AD was found among studies with clear AD pathological verification.Elevated VEGF in the cerebrospinal fluid might be a diagnostic marker for AD in European populations.

The link between moderate COVID-19 and delayed manifestation of glomerulonephritis: Insights from cluster analysis of TGF-β1 and VEGF levels

Recent data reveal delayed pathological kidney changes occurring 8-12 months post-moderate COVID-19, often detected for the first time. While severe COVID-19 leads to interstitial and subsequent glomerular lesions, the predominant changes in moderate cases remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between moderate COVID-19 and the manifestation of glomerulonephritis (GN).&#x0D; Methods. This cross-sectional study included 25 patients with stage 1-2 GN and a history of moderate COVID-19 8-12 months before the onset of GN, 27 individuals without GN who experienced COVID-19, and 20 healthy subjects without a history of COVID-19. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in blood and urine were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cluster and classification data mining methods were utilized for these markers to assess potential relationships between moderate COVID-19 and GN manifestation.&#x0D; Results. A significant increase in blood and urine TGF-β1 and VEGF levels was found in GN patients with a history of moderate COVID-19 (p&lt;0.05), while elevated blood VEGF was observed in those without GN (p&lt;0.05). Cluster analysis affirmed the correlation, emphasizing that urinary TGF-β1 within the range of 1.352 to 5.693 pg/ml and urinary VEGF &lt; 214.12 pg/ml serve as classification rules for predicting GN.&#x0D; Conclusions. The cluster and classification analysis method for TGF-β1 and VEGF levels can be utilized in clinical practice to predict the development of GN in the long-term post-COVID period.

Mechanism of mingjing granules in treating wet age-related macular degeneration based on network pharmacology and experimental verification

Objective: To analyze the potential mechanism of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) based on the research methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking approach and to provide a new reference for the currently limited treatment of wAMD. Materials and Methods: We searched TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGkb, TTD, and DrugBank database to screen the main active ingredients of Mingjing granules and their therapeutic targets of wAMD. The network of active components and targets was constructed using Cytoscape3.6.1 software, which was also used for the topological analysis of target genes. The network of Protein-Protein Interactions (PPI) was mapped using the String platform. We also used R language to do the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway for additional analysis. Molecular docking studies were finished by Chemoffice, Autodock, and Pymol. Finally, the efficacy of the Mingjing granules was examined in animal experiments, in which we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to the contents of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in peripheral blood. Results: Active compounds, including quercetin, lignocaine, and kaempferol, were found. PPI network analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF), MMP-9, epidermal growth factor (EGF), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and caspase-3 (CASP3) were related to both Mingjing granules and wAMD. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that these targets were mainly involving lipids and atherosclerosis, TNF, and interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathways. Docking studies suggested that quercetin and luteolin can fit in the binding pocket of four target proteins (CASP3, EGF, PTGS2, and TNF). In the vivo experiment, the Mingjing granules were found to be effective on the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in peripheral blood. Conclusions: This study initially reveals the multi-constituent, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanism of action of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wAMD and implies the inhibition of choroidal neovascularization may be related to the expression of VEGF and MMP-9.

Correlation between peripheral blood α1-MG, DNMT1 expression, and the severity of diabetic nephropathy renal pathological damage.

To explore the correlation between peripheral blood α1-microglobulin (α1-MG) and monocyte DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression and the severity of renal pathological damage in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The study group comprised 100 patients with DN who underwent treatment at our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023, while the control group consisted of 50 patients with uncomplicated diabetes. The relative expression levels of peripheral blood α1-MG and DNMT1 were compared between the 2 groups of patients. Additionally, the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured, and the diagnostic value of DN was explored using ROC curves. Furthermore, the correlation between the aforementioned indicators and the severity of renal pathological damage in the patients of the study group was analyzed. Compared to the patients in the control group, the patients in the study group showed increased relative expression levels of peripheral blood α1-MG and DNMT1, as well as elevated levels of VEGF (P < .05). The diagnostic value of peripheral blood α1-MG, DNMT1 relative expression levels, and VEGF levels for DN was explored using ROC curves. The AUC values were 0.907, 0.923, and 0.936, respectively (P < .05). The relative expression levels of peripheral blood α1-MG, DNMT1, and VEGF levels in DN patients increase with the elevation of the interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy scoring (IFTA) score, showing a positive correlation with r-values of 0.651, 0.710, and 0.628, respectively (P < .05). The relative expression levels of peripheral blood α1-MG, DNMT1, and VEGF levels in DN patients increase with the elevation of the interstitial inflammation score, showing a positive correlation with r-values of 0.771, 0.633, and 0.678, respectively (P < .05). The relative expression levels of peripheral blood α1-MG, DNMT1, and VEGF levels in DN patients increase with the elevation of the glomerular grading, showing a positive correlation with r-values of 0.714, 0.609, and 0.677, respectively (P < .05). The expression levels of peripheral blood α1-MG, DNMT1, and VEGF are significantly elevated in patients with DN. These levels show a positive correlation with the IFTA score, interstitial inflammation score, and glomerular grading, contributing to the diagnosis and assessment of DN.

ASSOCIATION OF HBA1C, SERUM VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR, INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PREDIABETES, DIABETES, AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHY PATIENTS

Background: In the micro- and macrovascular pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial. It has become recognized as a critical element contributing to the emergence of diabetes-related retinopathy and as a critical prognostic marker for the illness. Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum VEGF, insulin resistance (IR) in prediabetes, type-2 diabetic patients without microvascular complications, and diabetic retinopathy patients Methods: Values for serum VEGF, HbA1c, and IR were evaluated. Spearman coefficient correlation was used to perform the correlation. Results: Our results demonstrate that fasting insulin levels were almost completely correlated with homeostasis model assessment index of IR (HOMA-IR) (r=0.99) and highly correlated with homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (r= −0.84). We also looked at if there was any relationship between blood VEGF levels and biochemical results (HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein). According to a study, IR and serum levels of VEGF were considerably greater in diabetic patients than in controls. Conclusion: Both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients had elevated serum VEGF levels, and these individuals also had favorable relationships with their HOMA-IR scores. In comparison to controls, prediabetes and T2DM patients may have higher VEGF levels due to increased IR.

Low Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Level Predicts Adverse Outcomes in Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Objective: Preterm neonates are susceptible to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Lower levels of cord blood vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are implicated in NRDS. This study aims to explore whether the serum VEGF level has prognostic values on neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods: A total of 80 infants diagnosed with NRDS were enrolled, with 70 preterm neonates without NRDS as controls. Cord blood samples before treatment and venous blood samples after treatment were collected and clinical information was recorded. The serum VEGF level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate whether serum VEGF is a biomarker of NRDS. Newborns were followed up for 1 month to collect survival information. The influence of VEGF levels on overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were adopted to assess the prognostic factor of NRDS. Results: VEGF level was decreased in sera of neonates with RDS. The area under the ROC curve of VEGF level in distinguishing neonates with RDS from neonates without RDS was 0.949, with a cutoff value of 39.72 (87.50% sensitivity, 87.14% specificity). Serum VEGF was a biomarker of NRDS. Neonates with RDS with high VEGF levels had longer periods of survival than those with low VEGF levels. NRDS grade and VEGF level were independent prognostic factors affecting the overall survival of neonates with RDS. Conclusion: Decreased serum VEGF level in RDS neonates can predict the poor prognosis of NRDS, and VEGF level might be an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of RDS neonates. Clinical Trial Registration No. 201901A.

Relationship between Angiotensin II, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Arteriosclerosis Obliterans.

To investigate the relationship between angiotensin II (Ang II), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). 60 ASO patients diagnosed and treated from October 2019 to December 2021 were selected for the observation group while 30 healthy physical examiners were for the control group. The general information (gender, age, history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension) and arterial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic blood pressure) of the two groups were collected, and parameters like disease site and duration, Fontaine stage, and ankle-brachial index (ABI) of ASO patients have been evaluated. Ang II, VEGF, uric acid (UA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were also detected for the two groups. The variations in UA, LDL, HDL, TG, and TC among two groups along with levels of Ang II and VEGF in ASO patients in accordance to conditions like the general situation, disease duration, disease site, Fontaine stage, and ABI risk level have been studied to establish a correlation between Ang II and VEGF and ASO. (1) The proportion of males with a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension was higher (P < 0.05) among ASO patients in comparison to the control group. The diastolic blood pressure, LDL, TC, Ang II, and VEGF levels were found to be higher (P < 0.05) whereas HDL was low (P < 0.01). (2) The level of Ang II in male patients with ASO was significantly higher than that in female ASO patients (P < 0.05). In ASO patients, the levels of Ang II and VEGF increased not only with age (P < 0.01) but also with progression in Fontaine stages II, III, and IV (P < 0.01). (3) Logistic regression analysis revealed Ang II and VEGF as risk factors for ASO. (4) An AUC (area under the ROC (receiver operator characteristic) curve) for Ang II and VEGF for the diagnosis of ASO was 0.764 (good) and 0.854 (very good), respectively, while their combined AUC in diagnosing ASO was 0.901 (excellent). The AUC of Ang II and VEGF together in diagnosing ASO was greater than that of Ang II and VEGF alone along with higher specificity as well (all P < 0.05). Ang II and VEGF were correlated with the occurrence and development of ASO. The AUC analysis demonstrates that Ang II and VEGF were highly discriminative of ASO.

Effects of Regional Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Combined With Laparoscopic Resection on the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer

To explore the effect of regional arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with laparoscopic surgery on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer and the serum interleukin-8, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, blood vascular endothelial growth factor and E-cadherin. From January 2019 to January 2020, 122 cases of colorectal cancer patients who planned to undergo laparoscopic surgery in our hospital were selected as the research objects and the research objects were divided into observation group and control group according to the random principle, with 61 cases in each group and control group. The patients in the group received laparoscopic surgery and the patients in the observation group received regional arterial infusion chemotherapy before operation. The total incidence of complications after operation was compared between the two groups and the serum tumor marker levels before and after operation was compared between the two groups, including interleukin-8, E-cadherin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and vascular endothelial growth factor; 3 y after operation, the comparison survival rates of patients in the two groups. The total incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 8.20 %, the interleukin-8 level was 92.16±11.1 pg/ml, the positive rate of E-cadherin was 37.70 % and the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 level was 4.08±0.72 ng/ml. The overall incidence of complications in control group was 14.75 %, the interleukin-8 level was 93.08±11.54 ng/ml, the positive rate of E-cadherin was 34.43 % and the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 level was 4.11±0.74 ng/ml. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The vascular endothelial growth factor level in the observation group was 129.54±16.98 pg/ml, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (192.72±17.25 pg/ml) and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). During the 3 y follow-up, the difference in survival rate between the two groups was statistically significant (p>0.05). Regional arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with laparoscopic resections is safe and feasible because it can reduce the vascular endothelial growth factor level in colorectal cancer patients and improve the 3 y survival rate of patients without increasing the incidence of surgical complications and inflammation.

Expression analysis of cytokines IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and VEGF in breast cancer patients.

To investigate the relationship between changes in peripheral blood vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) concentrations in breast cancer patients and their significance and clinical value in breast cancer staging and invasive metastasis. From September 2021 to April 2022, 60 breast cancer patients from Chongqing Medical University Hospital No. 2022 were enrolled in the breast breast cancer surgery group, while 30 patients with benign breast disease were enrolled in the control group during the same period. Venous blood samples were collected at admission and 1 week after surgery to determine the expression of these factors in serum. Statistical methods such as Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the above factors and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. By analyzing data from patients with benign and malignant breast tumors, an association was found with serum levels of IL-6, IL-17 and VEGF. Their respective areas under the operating characteristic curve were 0.649, 0.734 and 0.656 (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the cytokine expression levels of IL-17 and VEGF in different molecular typing (P values were 0.008 and 0.040, respectively). The expression levels of IL-17 and VEGF were higher in HER-2 receptor-positive and triple-negative patients than in hormone receptor-positive patients (P < 0.05). Also, no significant correlation was found between the various cytokines mentioned in the article and breast cancer lymph node metastasis and Tumor Node Metastasis stage (TNM stage). In addition, in the breast cancer surgery group, postoperative VEGF levels were lower (P < 0.05) and IL-6 levels were higher (P < 0.05) compared to preoperative levels. Serum IL-6, IL-17, and VEGF are strongly associated with breast cancer development and can be used as a reference indicators for breast cancer diagnosis. In addition, post-operative VEGF levels decreases and IL-6 levels increases compared to pre-operative levels, which can also be used as an a postoperative follow-up indicator. In contrast, IL-5 and IL-8 have not found to be significantly associated with breast cancer patients in this study, which requires further study.

Changes in arterial blood vessels and VEGF and Ang-1 expression in pregnant and non-pregnant yak uterine caruncle.

We investigated the structural features of arterial blood vessels in yak uterine caruncle and the effects of the expression of vascular regulation-related factors on angiogenesis in pregnant and non-pregnant yak uterus. Three-dimensional specimens of the uterine artery of non-pregnant and pregnant yaks were produced to observe and measure the distribution characteristics and number of arterial vessels in the uterus and caruncle in the two periods. The uterine caruncle structure was observed and analysed by haematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression features of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in the uterine caruncle were detected with immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. The length and number of blood vessels in the caruncle were increased, the degree of curvature was decreased, and the folding was more complicated during pregnancy as compared with that during non-pregnancy. The immunohistochemical results demonstrated that VEGF and Ang-1 were mainly expressed strongly in the mucosal epithelial cytoplasm. The glandular lumen of the uterine gland, lymphocytes and the media and adventitia of blood vessels are widely distributed, and they are all positive. VEGF and Ang-1 mRNA and protein levels were highest in pregnancy, followed by that in the luteal phase and in the follicular phase, and three stages were significantly different (p < .05). These findings provide an anatomical reference and theoretical basis for improving the diagnosis and treatment of yak reproductive disorders and other diseases in high-altitude and low-oxygen environments.

Egg yolk oil accelerates wound healing in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

ABSTRACT Impaired diabetic wound healing causes foot ulcers. We investigated egg yolk oil for skin wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Rats were allocated into three groups of six. Group 1, nondiabetic control group, was treated topically with 2% fusidic acid ointment. Group 2, STZ diabetic control, was treated topically with 2% fusidic acid ointment. Group 3, STZ diabetic group, was treated topically with egg yolk oil. Three days after STZ injection, two full thickness excisional skin wounds were created on the back of each animal. Wound diameter was measured for 14 days and wound contraction was calculated. Re-epithelization time also was determined. Three rats from each group were sacrificed on experimental day 7 and the remaining rats on day 14. Wound samples were examined using hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, Masson’s trichrome, Taenzer-Unna orcein and toluidine blue staining. Expression of endoglin (CD105), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Egg yolk oil increased the proliferation of epithelial cells and angiogenesis, and stimulated collagen deposition in the lesion area. Egg yolk oil increased CD105, EGF and VEGF expression in blood vessels, and EGF and VEGF expression in epidermis of the lesions. The predominant fatty acids in egg yolk oil are oleic, palmitic and linoleic, which likely were responsible for the beneficial effects of egg yolk oil on diabetic wound healing. Egg yolk oil appears to be a promising therapeutic agent for healing of diabetic wounds.

Ultrasound Comparative Analysis of Coronary Arteries before and after Immune Blocking Therapy with Gamma Globulin in Children with Kawasaki Disease.

Objective To investigate the ultrasound characteristics and clinical efficacy of coronary arteries before and after immune blocking therapy with gamma globulin in children with Kawasaki disease. Methods A total of 64 children with Kawasaki disease who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2021 were selected. All the children were given immune blocking therapy with gamma globulin on the basis of conventional treatment. The disappearance time of related symptoms and signs (fever, mucosal congestion, cervical lymphadenopathy, and swelling of the hands and feet) in children were counted. The white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) levels of the children before and after treatment were compared, and the characteristics of coronary echocardiography before and after treatment were observed for analysis and discussion, to carefully observe whether the coronary artery involvement of the children was improved. Results The inner diameter of the left and right coronary arteries significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the levels of leukocytes, platelets, CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and endostatin were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment, with a statistical difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of gamma globulin in the treatment of Kawasaki disease is remarkable, which can improve the blood indexes, VEGF, and endostatin levels in children, significantly reduce coronary dilatation, and reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease. Echocardiography is of high value in the examination of children with Kawasaki disease, which can accurately detect the size, location, and inner diameter of coronary artery lesions, and can effectively evaluate the treatment effect on children.

Expressions of TGF-β1 and VEGF in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and associations with prognosis

Abstract Background: To study the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their values for prognosis. Methods: A total of 120 AML patients treated from January 2015 to December 2018 were selected. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated. The expressions of TGF-β1 and VEGF were detected by RT-PCR, and their associations with clinical characteristics were analyzed. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The risk factors for prognosis were analyzed through the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The AML group had significantly lower relative expression of TGF-β1 and higher relative expression of VEGF than those of the control group (P&lt;0.05). TGF-β1 and VEGF levels were significantly correlated with white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets, and peripheral blood juvenile cells (P&lt;0.05). TGF-β1 level was higher and VEGF level was lower in the patients with complete response than those in the patients with partial response and no response (P&lt;0.05). Both OS and DFS of the patients with high TGF-β1 expression were better than those of the patients with low TGF-β1 expression, while they were also superior among the patients with low VEGF expression (P&lt;0.05). Platelets, TGF-β1 and VEGF were independent influencing factors for OS, and white blood cells, TGF-β1 and VEGF were independent influencing factors for DFS (P&lt;0.05). Conclusions: AML patients have decreased expression of TGF-β1 and increased expression of VEGF, and such changes are closely associated with the prognosis of AML.

Vascular endothelial growth factor levels in tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundChanges in endothelial function are implicated in the spread of tuberculosis (TB). Studies suggest a role for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in TB-related endothelial function changes. However, the findings of studies investigating the VGEF profile in TB are not consistent, and no formal systematic review and meta-analysis exists summarizing these studies.MethodsWe did a meta-analysis of studies assessing VEGF levels in patients with TB. A systematic search on June 25, 2021, was conducted for eligible studies that made VEGF measurements in an unstimulated sample, e.g., a blood fraction (plasma or serum), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), pleural effusion (PE), or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and ascites or pericardial fluid for patients with TB and controls without TB. Also, studies that made simultaneous measurements of VEGF in blood and PE or CSF in the same patients with TB were included. Longitudinal studies that provided these data at baseline or compared pre-post anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) levels of VEGF were included. The primary outcome was the standardized mean difference (SMD) of VEGF levels between the comparison groups.Results52 studies were included in the meta-analysis. There were 1787 patients with TB and 3352 control subjects of eight categories: 107 patients with transudative pleural effusion, 228 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF)/chronic renal failure (CRF), 261 patients with empyema and parapneumonic effusion (PPE), 241 patients with cirrhosis, 694 healthy controls (with latent TB infection or uninfected individuals), 20 patients with inactive tuberculous meningitis (TBM), 123 patients with non-TBM, and 1678 patients with malignancy. The main findings are as follows: (1) serum levels of VEGF are higher in patients with active TB compared with healthy controls without other respiratory diseases, including those with latent TB infection or uninfected individuals; (2) both serum and pleural levels of VEGF are increased in patients with TPE compared with patients with transudative, CHF/CRF, or cirrhotic pleural effusion; (3) ascitic/pericardial fluid, serum, and pleural levels of VEGF are decreased in patients with TB compared with patients with malignancy; (4) pleural levels of VEGF are lower in patients with TPE compared with those with empyema and PPE, whereas serum levels of VEGF are not different between these patients; (5) both CSF and serum levels of VEGF are increased in patients with active TBM compared with controls, including patients with inactive TBM or non-TBM subjects; (6) post-ATT levels of VEGF are increased compared with pre-ATT levels of VEGF; and (7) the mean age and male percentage of the TB group explained large and total amount of heterogeneity for the meta-analysis of blood and pleural VEGF levels compared with healthy controls and patients with PPE, respectively, whereas these moderators did not show any significant interaction with the effect size for other analyses.DiscussionThe important limitation of the study is that we could not address the high heterogeneity among studies. There might be unmeasured factors behind this heterogeneity that need to be explored in future research. Meta-analysis findings align with the hypothesis that TB may be associated with abnormal vascular function, and both local and systemic levels of VEGF can be used to trace this abnormality.

Effect of Total Glucosides of Paeony on Imiquimod-Induced Psoriatic Skin Lesions by Regulating VEGF.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to use a murine model of psoriasis to examine the effect of total glycosides of paeony (TGP) on psoriatic skin lesions and on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in skin lesions and blood.MethodsA murine model of psoriasis was produced by shaving the backs of the mice and applying 5% imiquimod cream, 50 mg, to the backs of the mice once a day. Mice were killed on day 8, and skin and blood samples were obtained for histopathological examination and analysis of VEGF mRNA expression.ResultsBy day 8 of the application of imiquimod cream, skin lesions characteristic of psoriasis were evident, and histopathological examination of skin sections showed changes consistent with psoriasis (corneum thickening and parakeratosis, attenuation of the stratum granulosum, thickening of the stratum spinosum, and lengthening of the epidermal ridge). In the treatment group, 7 days of treatment with TGP resulted in resolution of the skin lesions, and histopathological examination showed the epidermis and dermis are approximately normal, without corneum thickening, hyperkeratosis, and parakeratosis. On day 7 of treatment, skin expression of VEGF mRNA was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the group that did not receive treatment (p < 0.05). Blood VEGF mRNA expression was not different between the groups.ConclusionTGP is effective for the treatment of psoriasis and may act by decreasing lesion VEGF mRNA expression.

The effect of continuous aerobic exercise on serum angiogenic and angiostatic factors in induction model of acute myocardial infarction male rats with coronary artery disease

Background. Aerobic training somewhat corrects endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but the most effective form of exercise is still unclear; therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of continuous aerobic exercise on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an angiogenic factor and endostatin (ES) as an angiostatic factor in male rats with coronary artery disease. Methods. The subjects of the present experimental study were 30 healthy male 2-months old Wistar rats divided into three groups: the experimental group, the control group with coronary artery disease, and the healthy control group. After rupturing 20 of the rats by isoproterenol, 10 rats in the experimental group performed eight weeks of continuous aerobic exercise on a treadmill, with an incremental intensity of 50% in the first session to 78% in the last session, whereas both control groups did not exercise. Seventy-two hours after the final training session, blood samples were taken for serum VEGF and ES indices, and one-way ANOVA with Scheffer posthoc tests was used to compare the mean of variables among the studied groups. Results. The results showed that discontinuous aerobic exercise could increase the blood VEGF in rats with coronary artery disease (P≤0.01), while there was no difference in the level of endostatin in the experimental group compared with control groups (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion. It seems that continuous aerobic exercises can be used in the rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease and might be effective in the process of angiogenesis.

The correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and prostate cancer with and without metabolic syndrome

Objective: To investigate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), metabolic syndrome and its components and degree of differentiation of prostate cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 49 PCa cases treated during October, 2018 to February, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including patients’ height, weight, body mass index (BMI), age, blood pressure (BP), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Gleason score. Results: Compared with simple PCa group, BMI, the MS group had higher BMI, diastolic blood pressure (DBP, FGB, TG) and VEGF (P&lt;0.05), and higher Gleason score (P&lt;0.05). MS group had a higher degree of malignancy (Gleason≥8). Conclusion: This suggests that MS may promote the progression of PCa, and the increase of VEGF level can indicate the presence of MS in PCa patients, reflecting the progression of PCa to a certain extent.

The effect of Indonesian propolis dosage on vascularization of skin graft in skin wound of white rat’s skin graft model: molecular studies of malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-kB), interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF

Background: Extensive wound closure due to trauma, infection and post tumor excision often requires a skin graft procedure. One of the successful factors of skin graft is the good quality of recipient tissue vascularization. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a factor that plays a role in vascularization, an excessive accumulation of ROS can interfere with the process of vascularization. Administration of the antioxidant can keep the ROS levels from being excessive thus producing the recipient vascularization for a successful skin graft. Propolis has an effect of antioxidant, inflammation and immunomodulator, anti-ROS and anti-inflammatory effects due to the large polyphenol content. This study aims to examine the antioxidant effect of propolis ethanol extract Lawu mountain (EEP) in a rats skin graft model by examining its effect on oxidative stress levels (Malondialdehyde blood levels/MDA), effect on inflammation (IL-6 blood levels and NF-kB expression), effect on angiogenesis (VEGF blood levels and Caspase 3 expression) and skin graft vascularization (Micro Vessels Density /MVD).Methods: The study used 24 white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 3-4 months, body weight 150-300 grams, and divided into a control group with skin graft without treatment and three groups of skin graft treated with a dosage, 200 mg/kg-BW EEP, a dosage, 400 mg/kg-BW EEP, dan a dosage, 800 mg/kgBW EEP) for 7 days. Wound tissue granulation is made according to previous research. Skin graft procedure uses allograft donors for 7 days. Blood draw from retro orbita veins and skin graft with a small amount of recipient tissue done after the seventh day. The propolis ethanol extract of mount Lawu (EEP) is made by maceration technique 3,75 liters of ethanol 70% as a solvent. Using the SPSS 22 for windows program, blood MDA levels, blood IL-6 levels, and blood VEGF levels were analyzed by One Way ANOVA and post hoc. Examination of Nuclear Factor-Kappa Beta (NF-kB) expression, Caspase-3 expression, and MVD was carried out by using Immunohistochemistry (IHC) tested with non-parametric Mann-Whitney test.Results: There was a significant decrease in MDA blood levels (p&lt;0.05), with an effective dosage, 400 mg/kgBW EEP and a dosage, 800 mg/kg-BW EEP. There was a significant decrease of IL-6 blood levels (p&lt;0.05) at administration dosage, 200 mg/kg-BW EEP and a dosage, 400 mg/kg-BW EEP, and statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) blood levels increased with a dosage from 200 mg/kg-BW EEP until a dosage, 800 mg/kgBW EEP and significant (p&lt;0.05), the post hoc test showed significant results in all group comparisons. There was no significant increase of skin graft vascularization (MVD) (p=0.254). Caspase-3 and NF-kB expressions decreased at certain dosages, although the decrease of Caspase-3 (p=0.557) and NF-kB (p=0.916) were not significant in statistic analysis test.Conclusion: Propolis ethanol extract of mount Lawu (EEP) has anti-ROS, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic effect through decreased MDA blood levels, decreased IL-6 blood levels and increased VEGF blood levels, no significant reduction in NF-kB and caspase-3 expression and there was no increase in skin graft vascularization (MVD).

The effect of the anticoagulant on the cellular composition and growth factor content of platelet-rich plasma.

The cellular and biochemical composition of the platelet rich plasma (PRP) may impact its regenerative capacity. PRP composition have been shown to vary substantially among different separation systems and protocols. The type and the dose of anticoagulant might affect the content of PRP. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of anticoagulant use, on cellular composition and the amount of growth factors in fresh PRP. Three different methods were used to prepare PRP from 12 healthy participants. The protocol 1 included standart dose sodium citrate (SC) (0.9ml, 3.8%), protocol 2 included 0.5ml SC and no anticoagulant was used in protocol 3. The PRP's were compared in regards to cellular content, capture efficiency of platelets (CE), concentrations and total doses of fresh studied vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor -BB, (PDGF-BB), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) levels. The CE and total platelet count were highest in protocol 1. The white blood cells (WBC) and VEGF were highest in protocol 3. The highest total TGF-β1 and total PDGF levels were obtained with protocol 1, while the highest total VEGF levels were obtained with protocol 3. The results of this study revealed that the use and the dose of SC affects the cellular content of PRP and GFs measured in fresh PRP. The CE and platelet dose increases while the WBC and VEGF decreases with the use of SC.