Blood Uric Acid Research Articles

Correlation analysis between the changes in plasma ghrelin level and weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy combined with fundoplication

BackgroundLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy combined with fundoplication (LSGFD) can significantly control body weight and achieve effective anti-reflux effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the alteration in Ghrelin levels and weight loss following SGFD, and to compare Ghrelin levels, weight loss and metabolic improvements between SG and SGFD, with the objective of contributing to the existing body of knowledge on SGFD technique in the management of patients with obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 115 obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery between March 2023 and June 2023 at the Department of Minimally Invasivew Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The subjects were divided into two groups based on surgical methods: sleeve gastrectomy group (SG group, 93 cases) and sleeve gastrectomy combined with fundoplication group (SGFD group, 22 cases). Clinical data, such as ghrelin levels before and after the operation, were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between changes in ghrelin levels and weight loss effectiveness after the operation was analyzed. Results: Three months after the operation, there was no significant difference in body mass, BMI, EWL%, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and uric acid levels between the SG and SGFD groups (P > 0.05). However, the SGFD group exhibited a significant decrease in body weight, BMI, and uric acid levels compared to preoperative levels (P < 0.05), while the decrease in ghrelin levels was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that ghrelin levels three months after the operation were influential in postoperative weight loss.ConclusionThe reduction of plasma Ghrelin level in patients after SGFD is not as obvious as that in patients after SG, but it can make obese patients get the same good weight loss and metabolic improvement as patients after SG. Ghrelin level at the third month after operation is the influencing factor of postoperative weight loss.

Hypogonadism in men with inflammatory joint diseases: Frequency and clinical characteristics

To study the frequency of hypogonadism (HG) in men with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to evaluate the impact of HG on the course of RA and and concomitant diseases. A single-stage continuous study included 170 men with RA, 57 men with AS and 85 men with PsA, who were hospitalized at the Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology. Patients were assessed for total testosterone (ТS) levels and subsequently divided into subgroups with normal (>12 nmol/l) and reduced levels. An intergroup comparison was carried out on the main indicators used in clinical rheumatological practice to assess the stage, activity and other medical and demographic characteristics of rheumatic disease, as well as on concomitant conditions. The second stage of the study involved a pairwise intergroup comparison among patients with HG with RA, AS and PsA. The incidence of ТS deficiency among patients with RA was 24.1%, among patients with AS - 17.5%, and with PsA - 31.8%. In patients with RA, HG was associated with a significantly higher mean body mass index, higher fasting blood glucose and uric acid, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anemia. Patients with AS with HG had significantly lower hemoglobin levels and more frequent anemia, as well as higher levels of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In PsA, older age was observed in the androgen deficiency group, as well as higher body mass index and fasting glucose levels; obesity was more common. An intergroup comparison of quantitative and qualitative indicators between patients with androgen deficiency in all three rheumatic diseases (RDs) did not reveal significant differences in the average concentrations of ТS, luteinizing hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, experience of RD, laboratory markers of inflammatory activity, as well as glucose and uric acid. A similar incidence of diabetes mellitus, obesity and anemia was noted for all three nosologies. ТS levels and the presence of HG were not associated with the stage and activity of RD, but ТS deficiency was accompanied by higher laboratory indicators of inflammatory activity, lower hemoglobin values, and metabolic disorders. Patients with HG, regardless of nosology, had similar levels of sex hormones and indicators reflecting RD and concomitant conditions.

Single-cell and genome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies causative genes for gout

BackgroundGout is a prevalent manifestation of metabolic osteoarthritis induced by elevated blood uric acid levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in gout disease and elucidate its pathogenesis.MethodsThe study integrated gout genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq), expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) data for analysis, and utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization study to comprehend the causal relationship between proteins and gout.ResultsWe identified 17 association signals for gout at unique genetic loci, including four genes related by protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis: TRIM46, THBS3, MTX1, and KRTCAP2. Additionally, we discerned 22 methylation sites in relation to gout. The study also found that genes such as TRIM46, MAP3K11, KRTCAP2, and TM7SF2 could potentially elevate the risk of gout. Through a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we identified three proteins causally associated with gout: ADH1B, BMP1, and HIST1H3A.ConclusionAccording to our findings, gout is linked with the expression and function of particular genes and proteins. These genes and proteins have the potential to function as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for gout. These discoveries shed new light on the pathological mechanisms of gout and clear the way for future research on this condition.

Analysis of risk factors affecting moderate and severe prognosis after discharge in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective: To investigate risk factors affecting short-term functional prognosis after discharge in patients with acute cerebral infarction and explore the correlation between relevant factors and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 4,048 patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalised between January 2014 and November 2018 in Department of Neurology, Renqiu Kangji Xintu Hospital, Hebei were conducted. The enrolled patients, including 2,506 men and 1,542 women, were divided into mild (n=3,696), moderate (n=278) and severe groups (n=74) based on NIHSS score. Baseline data (gender, history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, drinking, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), urea nitrogen, creatinine) were compared among the three groups, and the relationship between relevant factors and NIHSS scores was studied. Results: Through single factor regression analysis, it was found that age, history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, antiplatelet medication usage, systolic blood pressure and uric acid were risk factors for the moderate group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, age, history of stroke and systolic blood pressure (P&lt;0.01) were independent risk factors for the moderate group. Age (OR=1.089; , history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and uric acid (P&lt;0.05) were independent risk factors for the severe group. Conclusion: Age, history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and uric acid levels are independent risk factors affecting the short-term post-discharge functional prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction and are related to the NIHSS scores of these patients after discharge.

Interferon-α could induce liver steatosis to promote HBsAg loss by increasing triglyceride level

BackgroundThe correlation between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss remains to be further elucidated, particularly in patients receiving pegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN) treatment. Methods758 patients with low HBsAg quantification who had received nucleos(t)ide analog (NUC) therapy for at least one year and subsequently switched to or add on PEG-IFN therapy over an unfixed course were enrolled. 412 patients were obtained with baseline data matched. A total of 206 patients achieved HBsAg loss (cured group) within 48 weeks. Demographic and biochemical data associated with MetS were gathered for analysis. HepG2.2.15 cell line was used in vitro experiments to validate the efficacy of interferon-α (IFN-α). ResultsThe proportion of patients with diabetes or hypertension in the uncured group was significantly higher than in the cured group. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated albumin remained elevated in the uncured group over the 48 weeks. In contrast, the levels of blood lipids and uric acid remained higher in the cured group within 48 weeks. Triglycerides levels and liver steatosis of all patients increased after PEG-IFN therapy. Baseline elevated uric acid levels and hepatic steatosis may be beneficial for HBsAg loss. IFN-α could induce hepatic steatosis and indirectly promote HBsAg loss by increasing triglyceride level through upregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1(ACSL1). ConclusionsIFN-α could induce liver steatosis to promote HBsAg loss by increasing triglyceride level through upregulation of ACSL1. Comorbid diabetes may be detrimental to obtaining HBsAg loss with PEG-IFN therapy in CHB patients.

Predicting the onset of metabolic syndrome in a cohort study using a logistic regression model

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition manifested as a group of metabolic disorders and is associated with the prevalence of certain diseases. Early prediction of MetS risk in the middle-aged population can be effective in controlling and preventing cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to use logistic regression to predict metabolic syndrome and identify risk factors related to this condition. Method: This cohort study investigated factors associated with metabolic syndrome in the Mashhad study, which included a total of 11,570 participants. Factors that increase the relative risk of metabolic syndrome were evaluated using logistic regression, and predictive modeling was performed using logistic regression. Results: The results of the analysis using the logistic regression model showed that some factors, such as body mass index, history of high blood lipids, history of high blood pressure, and diabetes, increased the risk of metabolic syndrome. Various indicators, such as inactivity, high blood urea level, red blood cell hemoglobin content, aging, female gender, high levels of liver gamma-glutamyl transferase, and blood uric acid increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: It seems that body mass index, history of diabetes, and heart disease are related to the relative risk of developing the MetS syndrome compared to the other indicators, such as history of blood lipids, sedentary blood pressure, blood urea, uric acid, and hemoglobin content of red blood cells. These findings were obtained using the logistic regression model.

The Role Of Digital &amp; Health Literacy Development In Mundung Satu Community North Sulawesi

This Community Service activity was carried out in Mundung Satu Village, East Tombatu District, Southeast Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, which was carried out for one day and was scheduled for November 18 2022. Activities in community service included digital literacy education and public health. Digital literacy activities include social media literacy and online loan literacy. Health literacy is a physical examination measuring the patient's vital signs and simple laboratory tests. First, registration is carried out, then an analysis of vital signs (TTV), consultation with a doctor, simple laboratory tests including blood sugar, cholesterol, uric acid and treatment according to the results of the examination, as well as education related to Diabetes, Cholesterol, Gout Arthritis and Hypertension. This activity was carried out while paying attention to health protocols by wearing a mask, washing hands and keeping a distance during the examination from 08.00 to 13.00 WITA. Community Service Activities aims to provide digital and health literacy to the community so that people become literate in terms of social media, the internet and online loans. Whereas in health, literacy is to increase awareness of healthy living to avoid various degenerative diseases, including Diabetes, Hypercholesterolemia, Gout Arthritis and Hypertension. Besides this, free medical treatment is also provided to the community.

Eruptive Xanthomas – A Case Report with a Review of the Literature

Eruptive xanthomas are most often the result of impaired lipid metabolism. They can be caused by a primary dysregulation in lipid metabolism (familial hyperlipoproteinemias) or by an increase in serum lipids from concomitant diseases (diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, pancreatitis, hypothyroidism, rarely hyperthyroidism, alcohol abuse, cholestasis or biliary cirrhosis, monoclonal gammopathy, multiple myeloma and leukemia) or from the use of certain medications (beta-blockers, estrogens, retinoids, protease inhibitors, cyclosporine, the antimycotic Miconazole and the antipsychotic Olanzapine (secondary hyperlipoproteinemias). Early diagnosis and adequate therapy of the skin changes and the comorbid underlying disease prevent serious life-threatening complications. A case of a 34-year-old man with papular yellowish lesions on the elbows is presented. The patient has accompanying diseases of diabetes mellitus, alcohol addiction, liver cirrhosis, chronic acute pancreatitis and chronic cholecystitis. The clinical diagnosis of eruptive xanthomas was confirmed by histopathological examination revealing foam cells in the dermis. Laboratory blood tests revealed an accelerated ESR and elevated blood glucose, transaminases, uric acid, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Hepatoprotective and antidiabetic therapy combined with a dietary regimen improved the patient&amp;apos;s condition and laboratory parameters. A partial reversal of skin lesions occurred. An overview of the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, laboratory tests, differential diagnosis, dietary regimen, and treatment of eruptive xanthomas are presented.

Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Lantana camara on Fasting Blood Glucose, Body Weight and Kidney Function Indices of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Albino Wistar Rats

The study was aimed at investigating the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Lantana camara on the fasting blood glucose, body weight and kidney function indices of alloxan-induced diabetic albino Wistar rats. Thirty male albino Wistar rats of weight 100-181 g were randomly assigned six groups of five rats each. Group 1 served as normal control. Group 2-6 animals were induced with 150 mg/kg body weight (B.W) of alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally. Fasting blood glucose was checked 72hrs after induction and animals with blood glucose 200mg/dl and above were considered diabetic. Group 3 was treated with 50 mg/kg B.W of glibenclamide. Group 4,5 and 6 were orally treated with 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg B.W of Lantana camara extract respectively for 21days. Blood sample was obtained by tail puncture to check glucose levels weekly with the use of glucometer. Animals treated with 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg B.W of the extract showed significant decrease (P&lt;0.05) in blood glucose, creatinine, urea and uric acid compared to untreated diabetic animals. Body weight of treated groups increased significantly (P&lt;0.05) compared to the untreated group. The results obtained were synonymous to the glibenclamide treated group. This suggests that the extract possess antidiabetic potential and could be used in the management of diabetes.

Prognostic Impact of Metabolic Syndrome and Steatotic Liver Disease in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Machine Learning Techniques.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) currently represents the predominant cause of chronic liver disease and is closely linked to a significant increase in the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even in the absence of liver cirrhosis. In this retrospective multicenter study, machine learning (ML) methods were employed to investigate the relationship between metabolic profile and prognosis at diagnosis in a total of 219 HCC patients. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) method demonstrated superiority in identifying mortality predictors in our patients. Etiology was the most determining prognostic factor followed by Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) classifications. Variables related to the development of hepatic steatosis and metabolic syndrome, such as elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), uric acid, obesity, alcohol consumption, and high blood pressure (HBP), had a significant impact on mortality prediction. This study underscores the importance of metabolic syndrome as a determining factor in the progression of HCC secondary to MASLD. The use of ML techniques provides an effective tool to improve risk stratification and individualized therapeutic management in these patients.

Analysis of weight loss, metabolism, and anti-reflux effect of sleeve gastrectomy combined with fundoplication as treatment of obesity complicated by gastroesophageal reflux disease

Objective: To explore the weight-loss, metabolism, and anti-reflux effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy combined with fundoplication (SGFD) as treatment of obesity complicated by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with the aim of identifying the best treatment for such patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Relevant clinical data of 140 patients with obesity (body mass index≥30 kg/m2) complicated by GERD (confirmed by preoperative GerdQ score, gastroscope, upper gastrointestinal radiography, 24-hour pH monitoring of esophagus, and high-resolution esophageal manometry) who had undergone bariatric surgery in the Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Surgery Department of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2019 to February 2023 were collected. The participants were allocated to the following groups according to surgical procedure performed: sleeve gastrectomy group (SG group, 92 cases) versus SGFD (SGFD group, 48 cases). SGFD, a new type of anti-reflux weight loss surgery that achieves both anti-reflux and weight loss effects by a procedure involving "cutting first and then folding", was developed by our team. In this study, our main aim was to compare and analyze differences in outcomes between the SG and SGFD groups in terms of weight loss and improvements in metabolism and reflux 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Results: The 140 patients comprised 50 men and 90 women of average age 36.0±9.6 years and preoperative body mass index (BMI) (38.5±6.5) kg/m2. The average preoperative GERD score was 10.2±1.6. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the SGFD and SG groups (all P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, or postoperative complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). However, the operation time was longer in the SGFD than SG group (137.5±10.5 minutes vs. 105.3±12.6 minutes, t=-15.131, P<0.001). Compared with preoperative values, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, body mass, BMI, and GERD score were all lower 3 months postoperatively (all P<0.05). Six months postoperatively, triglyceride, uric acid, and DeMeester score were lower in the SGFD than SG group; however, the lower esophageal sphincter resting pressure was higher in the SGFD group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in weight loss indexes (body mass, BMI, percentage of excess body mass loss) or metabolic indexes (fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and uric acid concentrations) between the SG and SGFD groups 3 and 6 months postoperatively (all P>0.05). However, anti-reflux indexes (GerdQ score, DeMeester score, and lower esophageal sphincter resting pressure) were all significantly better in the SGFD than SG group 6 months postoperatively (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Obese patients with GERD get good weight loss, metabolism improvement and anti-reflux effect after SGFD. SGFD is a safe and feasible surgical method, and its anti-reflux effect is better than SG at the 6th month after operation, so it is feasible.

#1568 Cardiometabolic benefits of low dose zibotentan and dapagliflozin 10 mg in the ZENITH-CKD study

Abstract Background and Aims Positive effects of endothelin receptor antagonists on blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion have been well described, although their use in a wider population of patients with chronic kidney disease with increased cardiovascular risk has been limited by potential fluid retention. Here we present the effects of low dose zibotentan in combination with dapagliflozin on a range of cardiometabolic risk factors. Method In a post-hoc analysis of the ZENITH-CKD trial, a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial conducted in 170 clinical sites in 19 countries, adults with a urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 150 to 5000 mg/g and eGFR ≥20 mL/min/1.73 m2 not on SGLT2i were randomized to zibotentan/dapagliflozin, 0.25 mg/10 mg, zibotentan/dapagliflozin, 1.5 mg/10 mg, or placebo/dapagliflozin 10 mg. Effects on fluid retention events, defined as body weight increase from baseline &amp;gt;3% (of which at least 2.5% from total body water) or BNP increase &amp;gt;100% to &amp;gt;200 pg/mL without atrial fibrillation or 100% increase to &amp;gt;400 pg/mL with atrial fibrillation were assessed (NCT04724837). Results Data from the full analysis set is presented including 91 participants treated with 0.25 mg zibotentan and 10 mg dapagliflozin, and 177 participants treated with 10 mg dapagliflozin and placebo. UACR reduction for 0.25 mg zibotentan and 10 mg dapagliflozin was −47.7%, for 10 mg dapagliflozin alone it was −28.3%, making an adjusted mean difference for the combination versus dapagliflozin alone of −27.0%. Cardiometabolic markers are shown in the table. Conclusion In the ZENITH-CKD study zibotentan used at low dose combined with dapagliflozin had incremental effects versus dapagliflozin alone on a range of cardiometabolic risk markers including blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, HbA1c and uric acid, without a significant increase in fluid retention.

Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention Training for Cadres Collaborated with the Wreda Mandiri Elderly Integrated Health Service

Objectives: The cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Indonesia are very high and increase among people over 18 years old, including high blood pressure and obesity. Based on WHO data, NCDs are the biggest cause of death in the world, including heart and blood vessel disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes. NCDs can be prevented with promotive efforts, namely maintaining a lifestyle, eating healthy food, sufficient activity as well as exercise, and regular check-ups as measures to prevent NCDs. Based on this, it is necessary to take promotive action in the form of educating the public about preventing non-infectious diseases and forming NCDs cadres who can skilfully carry out NCDs disease screening examinations such as blood pressure, measuring vital signs, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid. The Wreda Mandiri Elderly Integrated Service, which is already running in Nitikan village, does not yet have skilled NCD cadres; therefore, this activity needs to be implemented and can be synergized as a NCDs Integrated Service. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge of NCD cadres who can carry out routine screening checks for preventive measures. Methods: pre-test and post-test control group design regarding NCDs knowledge for NCDs integrated service cadres. Results: This research showed that the knowledge of NCD Wreda Mandiri cadres has increased. The health condition of most members of Wreda Mandiri Integrated Service has normal blood sugar and uric acid levels, but many community members have hypertension. There were 56 people with normal blood sugar levels among the 57 people who were screened for NCDs. 8 people had high uric acid levels, and 45 patients had normal uric acid levels. The results of blood pressure measurements showed that there were 33 people with hypertension, 14 people with pre-hypertension, and 12 people with normal blood pressure. Conclusion: The NCDs integrated their knowledge to prevent NCDs and skilfully carried out NCD disease screening examinations such as blood pressure, measuring vital signs, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S49

Analysis of the 1-year efficacy of four different surgical methods for treating Chinese super obese (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2) patients

This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the perioperative and postoperative follow-up data of patients with super obesity who had undergone RYGB, SG, BPD/DS, and SADI-S. A retrospective observational study was conducted to analyze the perioperative and postoperative follow-up data of 60 patients with super obesity who had undergone bariatric surgery. A total of 34 men and 26 women were included in this study. The participants had an average preoperative BMI of 53.81 ± 3.25 kg/m2. The body weight and BMI of all four patient groups decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively compared with the preoperative values. Additionally, the TWL (%) and EWL (%) of all four groups increased gradually over the same period. Compared with the preoperative values, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, uric acid, triglycerides, and total cholesterol decreased to varying degrees in the four groups 1 year postoperatively. RYGB, SG, BPD/DS, and SADI-S are all safe and effective in treating super obese patients and improving their metabolic diseases to a certain extent.

The Association of Dyslipidemias with Cholelithiasis: A Case-Control Study Conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad

Objective: To find the association of lipid profile with early sign of cholecystitis (gall stones formation). Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study Methodology: The study recruited cholecystitis patients from 1st April 2022 to 30th September 2022 at Pathology Department, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Those patients having an age above 40 years and clinically diagnosed with gall bladder stone, went under ultrasonography examination, were included in the study. A total of 100 cases were compared with 100 controls in a case control study design. The lipid profile included serum concentrations of HDL cholesterol, Total Cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol levels. Other tests as fasting blood glucose (FBG), total bilirubin (T-bil), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), and urea nitrogen (UN) were also conducted. Results: The mean age of the gall stone patients and of normal controls was 51.71±13.48 and 42.00±13.14 years respectively. There was no variance in the BMI of both groups. The incidence of kidney stones was higher in the cases than controls while hypertension was more commonly reported in the 36% of the cases in comparison to the 19% of the controls. The logistic regression analysis presented a data where significant difference within lipid profile values of cases and controls could be seen having high values reported in cases than controls. The multivariant analysis of the lipid profile analyzed values presented a significant variance in the odds ration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and triglycerides of cases and controls. Conclusion: Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high levels of triglycerides are associated with the risk of gall bladder formation.

Correlation and influencing factors of neurophysiological examinations and serum uric acid in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: an exploratory study

Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation and influencing factors between neurophysiological examinations, serum uric acid (SUA), and glucose metabolism in patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN). Methods A total of 114 patients with DPN who received treatment at the Endocrinology Department of our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were included. According to the median blood uric acid level, the patients were divided into high SUA group and low SUA group, and the demographic data, blood glucose indexes and motor nerve electrophysiological examination results of the two groups were compared. Results The level of FPG and HbA1c was higher in the high SUA group. The motor nerve latency of the high SUA group was higher, the motor nerve amplitude and motor nerve conduction velocity of the high SUA group were lower than those of the low SUA group. SUA was positively correlated with motor nerve latency and negatively correlated with motor nerve amplitude and conduction velocity. Conclusion In DPN, high SUA levels are associated with poor glycemic control. With the increase in SUA levels, the motor nerve latency in patients with T2DM is prolonged, and amplitude and conduction velocity decrease, and high SUA is a risk factor and potential predictor of DPN.

Analysis of metabolic syndrome in bilateral upper urinary tract stones: A retrospective study of 3905 cases

Bilateral upper urinary tract stones are significantly related to renal function damage. However, few studies characterized the risk factors of bilateral upper urinary tract stones. We retrospectively enrolled 3905 patients with urinary tract stones from March 2019 to March 2022 at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. Patients were divided into two groups according to the location of the stones, and the related data were evaluated. In this study, 2485 unilateral and 1420 bilateral stone patients were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, gout, hyperparathyroidism, uric acid stone, urine PH, 24-h urinary calcium, blood uric acid, and metabolic syndrome (Mets) were independent risk factors for bilateral stone formation(P < 0.05). Based on these results, we construct a discrimination model. This model revealed good discrimination with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.617, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.592 and 0.586, respectively. Furthermore, the number of Mets components increased the risk of bilateral upper urinary tract stones. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and low HDL level were strongly associated with bilateral upper urinary tract stones (P < 0.05). Patients with 5 components Mets had 1.89-fold higher risk of bilateral upper urinary tract stones than those with 1 component Mets (OR 3.381; 95 % CI 1.221–9.360; P = 0.013). Additionally, male patients with Mets had higher risk of bilateral upper urinary tract stones than female patients. Our analysis revealed that eight clinical factors were associated with the formation of bilateral upper urinary tract stones, namely BMI, gout, hyperparathyroidism, uric acid stone, urine PH, 24-h urinary calcium, blood uric acid, and Mets. This study could help clinicians adjust treatment strategies for high-risk patients with bilateral upper urinary tract stones.

Kefir mitigates renal damage caused by zearalenone in female wistar rats by reducing oxidative stress

The estrogen-like mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEA) was popularly occurred in several food and feeds, posing threats to human and animal health. ZEA induced renal toxicity and caused oxidative stress. In the current study, the protecting effect of kefir administration against ZEA-induced renal damage in rats was explored. Rats were divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 5 animals. For the initial 7 days, they were orally administered sterile milk (200 μL/day). Subsequently, during the second week, the groups were exposed to kefir (200 μL/day), ZEA (40 mg/kg b.w./day) and a combination of kefir and ZEA. The biochemical parameters, kidney histological changes and ZEA residue were assessed. Kefir supplementation enhanced the antioxidant enzymes in the kidney, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which increased by 1.2, 4 and 20 folds, respectively, relative to the ZEA group. Remarkably, the concomitant administration kefir + ZEA suppressed ZEA residues in both serum and kidney. Additionally, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and renal malondialdehyde decreased by 22, 65 and 54%, respectively, in the kefir + ZEA group; while, the creatinine content increased by around 60%. Rats co-treated with kefir showed a normal kidney histological architecture contrary to tissues alterations mediated in the ZEA group. These results suggest that kefir may showed a protective effect on the kidneys, mitigating ZEA-induced acute toxicity in rats.

Clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with rhabdomyolysis: A tertiary care center experience.

To evaluate the clinical and laboratory features, complications, and outcomes of patients with rhabdomyolysis in the Saudi population. Retrospectives descriptive study of adult patients who presented to King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) withrhabdomyolysis between January 2016 and December 2022. Most of the participants (84.5%) were male, with a median age of 41 years and a body mass index of 26.5kg/m2. Medications, mainly statins (22.4%) and illicit drugs (15.5%), constituted the root causes of rhabdomyolysis in the cohort (44.8%). The most common presenting complaints were myalgia (63.8%) and fatigue (37.9%). More than one-third of the participants (32.8%) developed AKI, with 3 patients requiring temporary hemodialysis, and only 8.6% developed acute liver failure (ALF). Intensive care unit (ICU) admission was required for 10 patients (17.2%), and the overall mortality rate was 8.6%. Patients who developed complications (composite outcomes of AKI, ALF, multiorgan failure, or death) had significantly reduced kidney function and higher levels of blood urea nitrogen, anion gap, and uric acid upon admission than those who did not. This study offers a thorough understanding of clinical and laboratory features, causes, complications, and outcomes of rhabdomyolysis among Saudi patients. The insights gained enhance our understanding of rhabdomyolysis within this population, providing a foundation for future research and improvements in clinical management.

Education and Implementation of Physical Activity as an Effort to Improve Health in Facing Climacteric Symptoms in Premenopausal Mothers in Dukuh Village, Bayat District, Klaten Regency

Premenopause is a transition from reproductive to non-reproductive starting at the age of 40-50 years. The climacterium is the 4-5 year period that occurs before menopause. Regular physical activity with a duration of more than 60 minutes can reduce climacteric symptoms. Efforts to improve the health of premenopausal mothers need to be made to reduce the impact of climacteric symptoms. Efforts to improve health can be carried out by promoting health regarding premenopause, climacteric symptoms and joint physical activity. Health promotion is intended to increase knowledge of the importance of physical activity in reducing premenopausal symptoms. Premenopausal mothers are also trained for physical activity by means of elderly exercise. The aim of this service is to increase the knowledge of premenopausal mothers in reducing climacteric symptoms with physical activity. And mothers are able to practice directly doing physical activities in the form of elderly exercise to improve health and fitness. Premenopausal mothers are also given health checks in the form of checking blood pressure, checking GDS and uric acid. The results of community service were an increase in the knowledge of premenopausal mothers after being given education about physical activity and the climacterium, namely good knowledge of 86%, and sufficient knowledge of 14%. All premenopausal mothers have carried out physical activity and health checks in the form of blood pressure, GDS checks, uric acid level checks, vital signs and maternal weight checks. The conclusion is that the majority of premenopausal mothers have good knowledge about the importance of physical activity and climacteric symptoms so that mothers can increase daily physical activity in preventing climacteric symptoms