Blood Sugar In Type Research Articles

Diabetes mellitus type 2 and functional foods of plant origin.

Diabetes is the common, exponentially growing, serious human health problem existing globally. Risk factors like genetic predisposition, lack of balanced diet, inappropriate and lethargic lifestyle, overweight, obesity, stress including emotional and oxidative and lack of probiotics in gut are found to be the causing factors either in isolation or in synergy predisposing Diabetes. High blood sugar is a common symptom in all types of diabetes mellitus and the physiological cause of diabetes is lack of hormone Insulin or resistance in function faced by insulin. Low levels of Insulin causes decreased utilization of glucose by body cells, increased mobilization of fats from fat storage cells and depletion of proteins in the tissues of the body, keeping the body in crisis. The functional foods help achieving optimal physiological metabolism and cellular functions helping the body to come out of these crises. The mechanism of the functional foods is envisaged to act via optimizing vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids, prebiotics and probiotics. This paper reviews role of functional foods of plant origin in the regulation of blood sugar in type 2 diabetes mellitus and also discusses some vital patents in this area. The article aims at creating awareness about key food ingredients in order to prevent most acute effects of diabetes mellitus and to greatly delay the chronic effects as well.

Effect of glimepiride compared with glibenclamide on post prandial blood sugar in type II diabetes mellitus patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with many complications. The Global Burden of Diabetes Study has projected that there will be a 122% increase in the number of people with diabetes mellitus worldwide in 2025 compared to 1995. Despite the availability of new agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus oral sulfonylureas remain a cornerstone of therapy.Glibenclamide and glimepiride are widely used sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs. Methods: A randomized, open, parallel group study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology in association with Department of Medicine at Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (MMIMSR), Mullana, Ambala. Total 50 patients were divided into two groups I & II. In Group I (n=25) glibenclamide (5-15 mg/day) & in Group II (n=25) glimepiride (1-6mg/day) was administered for a period of 24 weeks and data analyzed by Student’s “t”- test. Results: There was a significant improvement in the post prandial blood sugar score (p<0.05) in both the study groups (I&II) after 24 weeks but post prandial blood level did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between the two groups. Conclusions: Both the drugs glibenclamide and glimepiride were effectively reduced post prandial blood sugar in both the groups. But these sulfonylurea drugs lowered post prandial blood sugar to a similar degree without significant difference between the two groups.

English

Powdered whole plant of Schwenckia americana (family Solanacae) is used traditionally (in combination with other herbs) for treating diabetes mellitus in Northern Nigeria. Therefore, in the current study, the traditional claim was evaluated by testing the effects of methanolic extract of S. americana whole plant on blood glucose in normal, alloxan-induced sub-diabetic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The median lethal dose after oral administration of the extract in rats was found to be above 5,000 mg per kilogram of body weight. The extract significantly lowered blood glucose in normal and alloxan-induced subdiabetic rats but not in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. It is concluded that S. americana may reduce blood sugar in type 2 diabetes, thus vindicating the traditional claim of its antidiabetic property. Key words: Schwenckia americana, blood sugar, rats.

English

The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing and it can cause a wide range of health complications affecting almost every part of the body. The aim of this study was to examine guava fruit ability in reducing blood glucose level and preventing diabetic complication ofstreptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes rat. Guava fruit performance was measured byin vitro lipid peroxidation inhibition, in vivo blood glucose level, in vivo serum lipid profile, and in vivo lipid peroxidation inhibition. This study confirmed that guava fruit extracts can significantly reduce blood sugar in type 2 diabetic rats, plasma triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations. Most importantly, guava fruit water extract showed impressive efficacy against in vitro and in vivo lipid peroxidation examinations. These activities may be due to the antioxidants properties offered from phenolic and flavonoid compounds in guava fruit water extract. Guava fruit water extract was found to consist 40.13 mg GAE/g of phenolic content and 18.43 ± 1.22 mg quercetin equivalent/g of flavonoid content.   Key words: Guava fruit, lipid peroxidation, malonaldehyde, serum lipid profile, diabetes mellitus.

Paradoxical Effects of Tightly Controlled Blood Sugar

Researchers are puzzling over recent trials that had great success in lowering blood sugar in type 2 diabetics but no success in reducing deaths from cardiovascular disease.

The potential role of vildagliptin in the management and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Proper control of blood sugar in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not adequate till now in spite of use of well-planned dosage regimens containing oral hypoglycemic agents/insulin or both. Recently, the role of ‘incretins,’ particularly that of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in glucose homeostasis has been firmly established. The peptide (GLP-1) increases insulin secretion while decreasing that of glucagon in response to rise in plasma glucose in addition to delay of gastric emptying time, reduction of appetite, preservation of beta-cell function, and increase in beta-cell mass all of which will contribute toward lowering of blood sugar in T2DM. But the peptide hormone cannot be used orally as such because of its very short plasma half-life (2 min) and chemical nature, which needs continuous i.v. infusion or repeated s.c. or i.v. injections at short intervals. Hence, to prolong the duration of action of endogenous GLP-1, compounds have been synthesized which inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), the enzyme responsible for metabolic degradation of GLP-1. One such compound is vildagliptin. In this article, an attempt has been made to compile some of the established recent advances in the therapeutic utility of vildagliptin along with a discussion about the physiological role of endogenous GLP-1 and its metabolism by DPP-4.

Effects of Aerobic Training, Resistance Training, or Both on Control of Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes

Effects of Aerobic Training, Resistance Training, or Both on Control of Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes

Control of Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes: A Guidance Statement from the American College of Physicians

Control of Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes: A Guidance Statement from the American College of Physicians

Coronary Artery Disease: Genes, Drugs and the Agricultural Connection

Coronary Artery Disease: Genes, Drugs and the Agricultural Connection

Effect of Bushen Huoxue tablet on serum lipid peroxide blood lipid and blood sugar in type II diabetics) on serum lipid peroxide blood lipid and blood sugar in type II diabetics

Sixty-eight patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) type II with Kidney Deficiency and blood stasis Syndrome were enrolled and divided randomly into treatment group (34 cases) and placebo group (34 cases). The contents of serum lipid peroxide (LPO), blood lipid and blood sugar were determined. The results showed that the serum LPO in treatment group was higher than that in placebo group (P< 0.05), it increased significantly in DM patients with vascular disease or with uncontrolled blood sugar and was positively correlated with level of triglyceride (TG, r = 0. 25, P< 0. 05). After using Bushen Huoxue tablet (BSHXT) serum LPO lowered (P<0.05), blood sugar decreased (P<0.05) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (P<0.05) in treatment group, but in placebo group these three parameters were not changed significantly. These results indicated that LPO reaction in type II DM patients increased. When the blood sugar and TG were higher or complicated with vascular disease, the LPO reaction would be enhanced more markedly. BSHXT will have a good prospect in the prevention and treatment of DM patients complicated with vascular disease.