Blood Protein Polymorphisms Research Articles

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic study of Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java based on blood protein polymorphism

Abstract. Lestari DA, Sutopo, Setiaji A, Kurnianto E. 2023. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic study of Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java based on blood protein polymorphism. Biodiversitas 24: 617-624. This research provides useful information to reflect the genetic structure and to determine appropriate breeding strategies for the Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java. The objectives of this research were to investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of the Ongole Grade cattle (Bos indicus) population in Central Java based on blood protein polymorphism. A total of 208 blood samples were collected, which belonged to 6 populations of Ongole Grade cattle in Central Java, namely Rembang, Blora, Kebumen, Semarang, Magelang, and Kudus regency. Blood protein analysis was conducted by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrilamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) methods to separate blood protein based on molecule weight. Results showed 4 blood protein locus were clearly identified, namely Albumin (Alb), Post Albumin (Pa), Ceruloplasmin (Cp), and Amylase-I (Amy-I), which formed 9 identified alleles and 15 genotypes. All populations had different allele and gene frequency distribution for each locus, which dominated by allele AlbB (0.525), PaB (0.556), CpF (0.608), and Amy-IB (0.639) and by genotype BB (0.312) for Alb loci, BB (0.429) for Pa loci, FS (0.423) for Cp loci and BB (0.472) for Amy-I. Ongole Grade cattle population in this study showed deviation in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) (P<0.05) for Blora, Kebumen, Semarang, and Kudus, while the rest populations showed in HWE condition. Average heterozygosity and genetic distance of the Ongole Grade cattle population in the recent study were range 0.328-0.529 (for Magelang and Kebumen populations, respectively) and 0.0057-0.0955 (for the Rembang-Kebumen population and Magelang-Kebumen population), respectively. In conclusion, Ongole Grade cattle population in Central Java had high genetic diversity and was divided into two major clusters.

Keragaman genotipik entok (Cairina moschata) berdasarkan polimorfisme protein darah

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to identified genetic diversity of muscovy duck in Central Java through blood protein polymorphisms by using electrophoresis method.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood sample was collected from a total of 60 muscovy ducks from the districts of Demak, Magelang and Pekalongan, 20 samples each. The Electrophoresis Polyacrylamide Gel of Electrophoresis–Thin Layer Electrophoresis (PAGE-TLE) was used in this study. Parameters observed were protein of albumin (Alb), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf) and amylase-I (Am-I). Gene frequency, heterozygosity (Ho) and genetic distance were analyzed by using DISPAN program.<strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results</strong><strong>: </strong>The results showed that the Alb, Cp, Tf and Am-I of muscovy duck showing polymorphic characters. Gene frequency of Alb<sup>B</sup> (0.61) was higher compared to Alb<sup>A</sup> (0.39). Gene frequency of Cp<sup>A</sup> (0.62) was higher than the Cp<sup>B</sup> (0.38). Furthermore, gene frequency of Tf<sup>A</sup> and Tf<sup>B</sup> were 0.32 and 0.68, respectively as well as gene frequency of Am-I<sup>A</sup> (0.82) was higher than Am-I<sup>B</sup> (0.18). Muscovy duck population of Demak showed higher Ho value for Alb and Am-I, whereas Magelang showed higher value for Cp and Tf. Population of muscovy duck of Demak showed closer genetic distance to Pekalongan than Magelang.<strong></strong></p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The protein blood locus of three population of muscovy duck in Central Jawa showed polymorphic characters.

Evaluation of genetic diversity of subdivided genealogical groups in Lithuanian Trakehner horse population using immunogenetic tools

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inter-breed genetic diversity of Lithuanian Trakehner horses. The current population in Lithuania numbers 1 039 Trakehner horses. The study included the immunogenetic data analysis of 316 blood samples. Pedigree was traced back to 7–11 generations. The horses were assigned to genealogical clusters originating from East Prussian Trakehner Stud, Thoroughbred and Arab sires. The first two clusters were subdivided into nine-horse groups according to the most important ancestors. The evaluation of genetic diversity was based on six blood groups and five protein polymorphism systems. The differences between genealogical groups were confirmed by principal component analysis and applied cluster analysis. According to the allelic frequency, the Trakehner population changed very slightly through a 30-year period, and only one rare (0.013) allele Tf<sup>RR</sup> (frequent in other Trakehner populations), has been newly found. The analysis of genetic polymorphism systems based on a very low rate of alleles Q<sup>abc</sup> (0.093) and D<sup>dkl</sup> (0.046), which are typical of other populations, indicated the exclusivity of the Trakehner population in Lithuania. The average expected heterozygosity by blood protein polymorphism and blood groups were 0.409 and 0.441, respectively. The genetic clustering diverged by observed heterozygosity of blood groups and by pedigree data in Pilger through Egoist, Bay Ronald through Dark Ronald and Dampfross through Hyperion subgroups. The determined distinctiveness of subdivided Trakehner horse groups suggests reconsidering the breeding strategies and conservation programme of Trakehner horses. Breeding and selection of subdivided sire lines could be among the appropriate solutions for the maintenance and extension of the genealogical structure.

Blood protein polymorphism and differentiation of selected indigenous cattle breeds in Nigeria

Genetic variation is the basis of effective improvement in farm animals. Population differentiation is used for objective choice of parental genotypes that constitutes new hybrids in crossbreeding. In Nigeria, population characteristics of selected indigenous cattle breeds have not been fully documented. Therefore, blood protein electrophoretic patterns of selected indigenous cattle breeds in Nigeria were assessed. Blood samples (5mL) were taken underneath the tail by venipuncture from 40 cattle randomly selected from each of the five breeds. The samples were subjected to cellulose acetate electrophoresis to determine the genetic variants of haemoglobin (Hb), carbonic anhydrase (CA) and transferrin (Tf) following standard procedure. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and Euclidean genetic distance. Allele frequencies ranged between 0.10 (Hb ) and 0.90 (Hb ), 0.11 (CA ) and 0.89 (CA ) and 0.02 (Tf ) and 0.49 (Tf ) across the breed.Two main clusters from the dendrogram were observed for each of Hb, CA and Tf. Euclidean genetic distance at the blood protein polymorphism level between WF and SG, WF and RB, WF and BK, WF and Muturu were 29, 30, 80 and 93, respectively. Genetic variants of transferring were largest within breed which indicated potential for selection

Studies on the Productive Traits and Relationship between Breeds of Cattle (Friesian Bunaji Cross, Bunaji and Sokoto Gudali) Using Blood Biochemical Polymorphism

We studied the blood haemoglobin polymorphism and activity in relation to body morphology and milk traits in Nigerian indigenous breeds of cattle. A total of 150 animals, 50 per breed of the Bunaji, Friesian X Bunaji and Gudali were used to study the relationship between breeds. Variables measured were BW: Body weight (Kg); BL: Body Length (Cm); HW: Height at withers (cm); CW: Chest width (cm); HG: Heart Girth (cm); Rumwi: Rump width (cm); TL: Teat Length (cm); RUH: Rear Udder Height (cm); UC: Udder Circumference (cm); TY: Total Yield (Litres); ADY: Average Daily Yield (Litres/day) and LL: Lactation Length (days) and blood protein polymorphism of the Haemoglobin. Observed results showed overall frequencies of 0.62 (HbA) and 0.48 (HbB). Higher frequencies of the A allele (0.52, 0.54 and 0.68) were obtained respectively for the Bunaji, Friesian X Bunaji and Gudali cattle in the Haemoglobin locus. Study of blood protein polymorphism and productivity indicated significant (p<0.05) influence of the haemoglobin. There is a need for a genetic study using other proteins and at DNA level to compliment the results arisen from morphometric differentiation of the two most populous Nigerian breeds of cattle in the NAPRI herd.

Short Communication: Genetic diversity of Ongole Grade Cattle of Rembang District, Central Java, Indonesia, based on blood protein polymorphism

Sutiyono, Sutopo, Ondho YS, Setiatin ET, Samsudewa D, Suryawijaya A, Lestari DA, Kurnianto E. 2018. Genetic diversity of Ongole Grade Cattle of Rembang District, Central Java, Indonesia, based on blood protein polymorphism. Biodiversitas 19: 1429-1433. The objective of this study was to identify genetic diversity in Ongole Grade cattle of Rembang District, Central Java, Indonesia, based on blood-protein polymorphism. A total of 34 blood samples were collected from unrelated Ongole Grade cattle and the blood plasm was used to identify the blood proteins. Blood protein analysis was performed using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrilamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Observed bands were used to perform allele interpretation of four loci, namely Albumin (Alb), Post-albumin (Po-Alb), Ceruloplasmin (Cp) and Amylase-1 (Am-1). Results showed the presence of polymorphism in all of the four blood-protein loci, average heterozigosity value (H) being 0.506 and almost all of the blood-protein loci studied showed deviation from Hardy-Weimberg Equilibrium (HWE). In conclusion, the study indicated that population of Ongole Grade cattle in Rembang, Indonesia has high genetic diversity.

Morphological and genetic variability in small island populations of the striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius Pallas, 1771

Morphological (craniometrical characteristics and variations of cusp t3 on the second upper molar (M2)) and genetic (polymorphism of chromosomes and blood proteins) variability was analyzed in small island populations of the striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius Pallas, 1771 from the Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan). It was found that the absence of t3 on M2 is not a specific trait for A. agrarius. It was demonstrated that the population of field mice on the Bolshoy Pelis Island significantly differs from the populations from other islands and from the mainland according to the craniometrical parameters, teeth phenes, and variants of blood transferrin. The possible age of establishment of the island populations of the striped field mouse is discussed.

Hubungan Genetik antara Domba Wonosobo (Dombos), Domba Ekor Tipis (DET) dan Domba Batur (Dombat) Melalui Analisis Polimorfisme Protein Darah

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic relationships among Wonosobo sheep (Dombos), Thin-Tailed sheep (DET) and Batur sheep (Dombat) through blood protein polymorphism analysis by using electrophoresis Polyacrylamid Gel Electrophoresis-Thin Layer Electrophoresis (PAGE-TLE). The blood of the 20 head of Dombos (Wonosobo regency), 20 head of DET (Semarang regency) and 20 head of Dombat (Banjarnegara regency) were used as materials. Six locus of blood plasma protein were observed, then the gene frequency, individual heterosigosity, average<br />heterosigosity and genetic distance among three breed were calculated. The results showed that the locus of pre-albumin (Pa), albumin (Alb), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf), post-transferrin (P-tf) and amylase-I (Am-I), at DET, Dombos and Dombat were polymorphic (0,380-0,454). In conclusion, the DET and Dombat indicated the closer genetic relationship compared to DET-Dombos and Dombos-Dombat.<br />Key words: sheep, polymorphism, genetic relationship</p>

Hubungan Genetik antara Domba Wonosobo (Dombos), Domba Ekor Tipis (DET) dan Domba Batur (Dombat) Melalui Analisis Polimorfisme Protein Darah

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic relationships among Wonosobo sheep (Dombos), Thin-Tailed sheep (DET) and Batur sheep (Dombat) through blood protein polymorphism analysis by using electrophoresis Polyacrylamid Gel Electrophoresis-Thin Layer Electrophoresis (PAGE-TLE). The blood of the 20 head of Dombos (Wonosobo regency), 20 head of DET (Semarang regency) and 20 head of Dombat (Banjarnegara regency) were used as materials. Six locus of blood plasma protein were observed, then the gene frequency, individual heterosigosity, average<br />heterosigosity and genetic distance among three breed were calculated. The results showed that the locus of pre-albumin (Pa), albumin (Alb), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf), post-transferrin (P-tf) and amylase-I (Am-I), at DET, Dombos and Dombat were polymorphic (0,380-0,454). In conclusion, the DET and Dombat indicated the closer genetic relationship compared to DET-Dombos and Dombos-Dombat.<br />Key words: sheep, polymorphism, genetic relationship</p>

" Polimorfisme Protein Serum Darah Induk Sapi Beranak Kembar dan Tunggal pada Sapi Peranakan Ongole dan Keturunan Simental (BLOOD SERUM PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM OF THE COW DELIVERED TWIN OR SINGLE CALVES IN ONGOLE GRADE AND SIMENTAL CROSSBRED) "

The twinning cow is presumable have difference in blood protein typology with the single cow. Thestudy investigated blood protein polymorphism in twinning and single of ongole grade and Simmentalcrossbred cows. The study used four twinning versus eight single ongole grade and seven twinning versussix single Simmental crossbred cows. Blood samples were analyzed by using marker ExactPro BroadRange (10-245kDa) and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-polyacrilamide Gel Electrophoresis method, to estimatethe loci of albumin (Alb), post-albumin (Pa), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transpherrin (Tf), and amylase-I (Amy-I).The genetic variation was analyzed based on the value of gene frequency, individual heterozigosity andaverage heterozigosity. In this study the twinning ongole grade cows had lower average heterozigosity(0.46) than the single ongole grade cows (0.49). The twinning Simmental crossbred cows had lower averageheterozigosity (0.35) than the single Simmental crossbred cows (0.40). The average heterozigosity ofongole grade cows had higher value than Simmental crossbred cows. The average heterozigosity rangedfrom 0.35-0.49, which was indicated high genetic variation in all cows. Higher gene frequency of allelealbumin A than albumin B influences the twinning trait in ongole grade and Simmental crossbred cows.

Genetic variation of the japanese quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) based on biochemical polymorphism

The study aimed at characterizing the Japanese quail using biochemical markers. Blood protein polymorphism of one hundred and sixty-six (166) Japanese quails of both sexes comprising of 83 each of mottled brown and white quails were analysed using cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis. Six loci which includes hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin (Tf), albumin (Alb), carbonic anhydrase (CA), alkaline phosphatase (Alp) and esterase-1 (Es-1) were tested. All the loci tested were polymorphic with each locus having two co-dominant alleles controlling three genotypes. Allele B was predominant at Hb, Tf and Es-1 locus with frequencies 0.90, 0.55, and 0.77, respectively while Allele A was predominant at Alb and Alp locus with frequencies 0.83 and 0.58 respectively. The Allele A had generally lower frequencies than B at the CA loci having values of 0.43 - Brown, 0.38 - White and 0.40 - overall. The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.48 with brown and white quails having Ho values of 0.47 and 0.49 respectively, and the expected heterozygosity was observed to be higher in white quails (0.39) than in the mottled brown (0.31). The genetic distance (0.0534) between white and brown quails in this study showed little genetic differentiation between the brown and the white quails. Dendogram generated from the genetic distance values indicated that the two strains had common origin.

Relationships between the Polymorphism of Blood Proteins and Some Reproduction Traits in Norduz Goats

Relationships between the Polymorphism of Blood Proteins and Some Reproduction Traits in Norduz Goats

Biochemical characterization of the nigerian indigenous guinea fowl (Numida meleagris)

Blood protein polymorphism has been extensively used for characterization and estimation of genetic diversity in farm animals. A study on biochemical characterization and estimation of genetic diversity of Nigerian indigenous guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) was conducted using four blood proteins {Haemoglobin (Hb), Carbonic anhydrase (CA), Transferrin (Tf) and Albumin (Alb)}. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis indicated that all the protein markers were polymorphic; expressing two co-dominant genes and two genotypes at their respective locus. Heterozygouse genotypes were prevalent at Hb, Tf and Alb loci while homozygoutes were more frequent for CA. Allelic constitution was similar (A and B) for Hb, Tf and Alb while F and S were typed at CA locus. Gene A had higher frequency of occurrence at Tf and Alb loci while gene F and B was prevalent at CA and Hb locus, respectively. Average estimated genetic diversity (heterozygosity) across the genetic systems was 0.40 and moderate. Prevalence of genes F, A and B at their respective locus is suggestive of their relevancies to the survival and adaptability of the studied population to its natural habitat.

Blood protein polymorphism and genetic diversity in locally adapted Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) in Nigeria

SummaryCharacterization and genetic diversities among members of a species are fundamental to their improvement and conservation. This study was conducted to characterize and estimate genetic diversity in the ecotypes of the locally adapted Muscovy duck in Nigeria using blood proteins (haemoglobin, transferrin and albumin) and enzyme (carbonic anhydrase) markers. Blood samples collected from 20, 40 and 20 adult Muscovy ducks sampled randomly from the Rain Forest, Derived Savanna and Guinea Savanna ecotypes, respectively, were typed for blood proteins and enzyme polymorphism with cellulose acetate paper. Genetic variability in the studied population was accessed using heterozygosity (H), effective number of allele (ne) and polymorphism (percent P). All the 13 allelic variants expressed at the four loci were expressed in the Derived Savanna ecotype but 12 each in the Rain Forest and Guinea Savanna ecotypes. Results showed that all the four loci were polymorphic (100 percent) and the estimated heterozygosity among them was similar (0.424–0.481). Similarity in the estimated genetic variability parameters among ecotypes indicate that the sub-populations understudy was under similar evolutionary forces and there were no appreciable differences among them.

Genetic distances between horse breeds in Poland estimated according to blood protein polymorphism

The objective of the study was to estimate the heterozygosity and phylogenetic relationship between horse breeds in Poland, according to erythrocyte antigens and protein polymorphisms. The study included 15 434 horses: Polish Coldblood, Małopolski, Wielkopolski, Hucul, Polish Konik, Biłgorajski, Felin Pony, and ponies of Shetland origin. A total of 14 loci were studied: seven blood groups and seven protein polymorphism systems. Phylogenetic trees obtained for the erythrocyte antigens and protein variants were mostly alike which suggests that both kinds of markers may be equally used in estimating the similarity of animal populations. The lower polymorphism of the structural and enzymatic proteins, as compared with the erythrocyte antigen, resulted in a lower number of alleles per locus, lower heterozygosity, and closer genetic distances. The level of heterozygosity and phylogenetic trees of the breeds turned out to be mostly concordant with the known history of the populations. Małopolski and Wielkopolski horses are the most homozygous, the Huculs, Polish Koniks, and Biłgorajskis have a middle position, while the Polish Coldbloods and the ponies are the most heterozygous. The Polish Koniks are the most related to other breeds which shows that all the breeds studied, Polish Coldbloods included, have many indigenous ancestors. The Huculs, Polish Koniks, and Biłgorajskis are closely related. In spite of different histories, the Małopolski and Wielkopolski horses have the closest relationship. The Felin Ponies cluster together with the Shetlands. According to the blood groups and protein variation, the genetic diversity of the studied horse breeds is low and mainly due to individual differences. The low genetic variability of the breeds suggests reconsidering the long-term strategies of horse breeding in Poland, particularly of the conserved breeds.  

Blood Protein Polymorphism of Local Pig in Southwest Nigeria

Blood Protein Polymorphism of Local Pig in Southwest Nigeria

Genetic diversity of Y-short tandem repeats in Chinese native cattle breeds.

The aim of this study is to use Y-chromosome gene polymorphism method to investigate regional differences in genetic variation and population evolution history of the Chinese native cattle breeds. Six Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci (UMN0929, UMN0108, UMN0920, INRA124, UMN2404, and UMN0103) were analyzed using 1016 healthy and heterogenetic males and 90 females of 9 native cattle breeds (Qinchuan, Jinnan, Zaosheng, Luxi, Nanyang, Jiaxian, Dabieshan, Yanbian, and Menggu) in China. Allele frequency and gene diversity were calculated for the various populations. The results indicated that Y-STRs in the 6 loci have polymorphisms and genetic diversity in Chinese cattle populations. The genetic diversity analysis revealed that the Chinese cattle populations have a close genetic relationship. The analysis of INRA124, UMN2404, and UMN0103 loci revealed the original history of Chinese cattle because of which cattle belonging to Bos taurus or Bos indicus could be determined. Interestingly, a declining zebu introgression was displayed from South to North and from East to West in the Chinese geographical distribution, which implied that cattle population from various regions of China had been subjected to somewhat different evolutionary history. This conclusion supported other evidences such as earlier archaeological, historical research, and blood protein polymorphism analysis.

Genetic variation of some goat populations in Ethiopia by means of blood protein polymorphism

Genetic variability of 298 individuals from four indigenous goat types (Afar, Hararghe Highland, Western Highland and Western Lowland of Ethiopia), two exotic breeds (Toggenburg and Anglo-Nubian) and three crossbreed populations (crosses between the exotic breeds and Hararghe Highland and Somali goat types) were investigated. The red blood cell lysates and plasma proteins were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis. From a total of five loci studied, two were found to be polymorphic. Two alleles were detected at each of Haemoglobin (Hb) and Transferrin (Tf) loci. Only one allele was detected at each of the loci Carbonic anhydrase (CA), Albumin (Al) and Post Transferrin (PTF) in all the populations of goats studied. In most cases, the observed genotypic frequencies were not significantly different from that expected under the Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium. The proportion of polymorphic loci (P%) varied between 20.0% and 40.0%, with mean number of alleles per locus between 1.2 and 1.4, and expected heterozygosities (HE) between 0.030 and 0.177 while mean observed heterozygosities (HO) were between 0.032 to 0.217. Among the three groups of goat populations, higher variability was found in crossbred populations. Afar goat type was more variable (HO=6.7%) among the indigenous goat types. Cluster analysis based on Nei’s standard genetic distance and the unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) revealed low level of genetic distance among populations. The results indicated a higher proportion of genetic variation between populations. Keywords: Afar goat, Ethiopia, Hararghe goat, Western Highland goat, Western Lowland goat.

Characterization of indigenous pigs in Southwestern Nigeria using blood protein polymorphisms

The Nigerian indigenous pigs (NIP) are threatened to lose their genetic diversity through unsustainable farming practices in Nigeria. Therefore, the genetic relationships of NIP and commercially developed cross-bred pigs were evaluated to pinpoint a possible source of pure uncontaminated genetic stocks of NIP for conservation. Blood protein polymorphisms were used as a preliminary genetic analysis of blood samples from a total of 120 pigs (79 NIP from three separate locations and 41 cross-bred pigs). Nineteen polymorphic bands of the blood proteins globulin, transferrin and albumin were observed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a phylogenetic dendrogram was developed to analyse the genetic relationship between the NIPs. The three NIPs were found to have a high genetic similarity (84 percent similarity coefficient), and were found to be distinctly different from the commercially cross-bred strains. One line from a farm in Ogbooro, Saki Oyo, Nigeria was identified as a relatively stable genetic resource that may be a suitable NIP for future conservation efforts.

Polimorfisme Protein Darah Domba di Kabupaten Batanghari

In Pemayung and Muara Bulian Subdistrict, Batanghari District, the population of sheep is relatively high. However, information on genetic characteristics of the sheep has not been well-identified yet . Therefore, in order to reach one of the objectives of veterinary development, conservating local breeds, it is necessary to know blood protein polymorphism of the sheep. One way to identify genetic characteristic of the sheep is by analizing blood protein electrophoretically.The research is aimed at analizing genetic characteristics of sheep in Batanghari District, including characteristics of blood protein by electrophoresis to know blood protein polymorphism patterns. Blood samples were taken from 20 sheep, 10 sheep from Pemayung Subdistrict and 10 sheep from Muara Bulian Subdistrict. Analysis was conducted at Livestock Molecular Genetic Laboratory Veterinary Faculty Bogor Agriculture Institute. Allelic Frequency was directly calculated with Hardy-weinberg proportion and genetic distance is was calculated with method of Nei . The result of electrophoretic analysis has found 5 kinds of proteins ; Albumin, Postalbumin, Transferin, Posttransferin-1 and Posttransferin-2. Albumin and Postalbumin are controlled by 2 alleles ; Allele A=0,6 and allele B=0,4, Transferin is controlled by 4 alleles ; allele A = 0,025, allele B=0,50, allele C=0,45, and allele D=0,025. Posttransferin-1 and posttransferin-2 are controlled by an allele; allele A=1,00. In conclusion, there are 5 kinds of blood protein, they are Albumin, Postalbumin, Transferin, Posttransferin-1 and Posttransferin-2.Polymorphism is detected in 3 loci; Albumin, Postalbumin and Transferin with Heterozigocity Average 0,29 in Pemayung Subdistrict and 0,287 in Muara Bulian Subdistrict. Albumin and Postalbumin loci can be considered as main genetic characteristics.