Blood Pressure In Hypertensive Patients Research Articles

Effect of Gamelan and progressive muscle relaxation on blood pressure in hypertensive patients

Chronically elevated blood pressure was a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The management of hypertension, especially in community settings, should combine pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. This study aimed to evaluate whether music-assisted progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) using Gamelan, Javanese classical music, could reduce blood pressure more effectively in hypertensive elderly individuals in Malang, Indonesia, than PMR alone. This study employed a pre-test and post-test study design with a control group. Fifty-eight respondents were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 31) and the control group (n = 27). Three respondents in the control group did not complete the study; thus, they were excluded from the analysis. The intervention group was trained and guided to perform PMR while listening to Gamelan. Meanwhile, the control group only received PMR. The intervention was conducted twice a week for 20 minutes for eight weeks. Dependent variables in this study were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which were measured using an aneroid sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and Mann-Whitney test. We found a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups. A Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.000). Meanwhile, the independent t-test showed that the diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group reduced more significantly than that in the control group. The efficacy of Gamelan-assisted PMR in significantly reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure showcases the potential of such combined interventions in managing hypertension. We recommend Gamelan-assisted PMR as a complementary therapy for the elderly with primary hypertension.

Physical activity plan to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients

Physical activity plan to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients

The Effect Of Giving Cucumber Juice On Reducing Blood Pressure In Hypertension Patients At Imelda Pekerja Indonesia General Hospital 2023

Hypertension or high blood pressure is the main cause of heart system disorders, because known as the number one killer in the world, called the silent killer silently) because people with high blood pressure often do not show symptoms . The aim of this research was to determine the effect of giving cucumber juice on lowering blood pressure hypertension sufferers. This type of research is Quantitative research uses a quasi-experimental design with this type of design One group pre-post test was used. The study population was 33 hypertensive patients. The sample research formula uses the Slovin formula so that the research sample is 30 0 people. By giving cucumber juice once a day in the morning before breakfast 15-30 minutes 250 ml for 7 consecutive days. And analyzed univariately and bivariately using a paired sample t-test (between before and after intervention). Research result showed that blood pressure values were obtained after the intervention was carried out decrease and seen from the p value of 0.000 <0.05 it can be concluded that there is an influence from giving cucumber juice to reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients .

Bayesian longitudinal modeling of blood pressure measurements of hypertensive patients at Wachemo University Nigist Elleni Mohamed Memorial Teaching and Referral Hospital Hosanna, Southern Ethiopia

Hypertension is characterized by the persistent elevation of blood pressure (BP) above the normal range or the use of antihypertensive medication. It represents a major global health issue and serves as a significant risk factor for conditions such as stroke, myocardial infarction, vascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to model the longitudinal measurements of diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients using a Bayesian approach. The data were obtained from the records of Wachemo University Nigist Elleni Mohamed Memorial Teaching and Referral Hospital. It encompassed the basic demographic and clinical characteristics of 200 hypertensive patients who commenced antihypertensive treatment between September 2015 and March 2020. Descriptive analysis and a Linear mixed-effects model were employed to analyze the data, utilizing the Bayesian approach with the JMbayes package in R software. The results of this study revealed significant associations between age, time, family history, related diseases, and the mean change of systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements within the bivariate linear mixed model. Likewise, time, residence, related diseases, and the interaction of time with sex and diabetes demonstrated a significant effect on the mean change of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements in antihypertensive patients. By employing a bivariate linear mixed model, an association of 0.8565 was observed between the evolution (AE) of SBP and DBP. Based on the study findings, we can summarize that age, time, family history, and related diseases have a significant impact on the mean change of SBP, while time, residence, related diseases, and the interaction of time with sex and diabetes affect the mean change of DBP. Furthermore, a strong association exists between the evolution of SBP and DBP.

Comparison of Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients with Monotherapy and Combination Antihypertensive Therapy

Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular risk factor that is closely related to the patient's systolic and diastolic blood pressure profile. Objective: This study aims to determine the comparison of systolic and diastolic blood pressure profiles using antihypertensives in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Method: Conducted in the period August-December 2021 on 83 patients who met the inclusion criteria, namely outpatients diagnosed with hypertension with cardiovascular risk factors, adult patients over 18 years of age, a medical record sheet, and a written prescription in full. Data analysis used the Kruskal Wallis test. Results: Shows a p value of 0.02 < 0.05 that there is a difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure when using antihypertensive monotherapy or combination. The use of antihypertensive monotherapy is able to achieve the target of reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure, namely amlodipine by -42.4mmHg/-11.7mmHg. Meanwhile, the combination antihypertensive that provides maximum results is a combination of 2 drugs, namely Candesartan + Hydrochlorthiazide which produces a reduction of -42.64 mmHg/-16.09 mmHg; a combination of 3 drugs: Amlodipine + Candesartan + Hydrochlorthiazide resulted in a reduction of -49 mmHg/-19.1 mmHg. Conclusion: There are differences in the profile of reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure when using monotherapy and combination antihypertensives. The choice of monotherapy and combination can provide benefits in reducing blood pressure, tolerability and the level of compliance with the drugs consumed. Rational dose selection and drug selection in hypertensive patients is an important part in achieving successful therapy and preventing drug related problems, so pharmacists need to always monitoring blood pressure profiles as a form of monitoring the effectiveness of existing antihypertensive drugs consumed by patients.

COMBINATION OF FOOT HYDROTHERAPY AND SLOW DEEP BREATHING ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Introduction. Hypertension becomes very dangerous when the patient cannot control blood pressure, because it will cause complications. One of the nonpharmacological therapies that can be done is foot hydrotherapy using warm red ginger decoction and slow deep breathing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the combination of red ginger foot hydrotherapy and slow deep breathing on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Method. Pre-experimental research design with one group pre-test post-test design approach with a sample of 20 people. Total sampling technique. Observation sheet measuring instrument and sphygmomanometer with Wilcoxon statistical test. Result & Analysis. The results of the study obtained blood pressure values before the intervention and found that all respondents had blood pressure in the category of hypertension stage 2 (100%) and after the intervention found 55% in the elevated category and stage 1 hypertension as much as 45%. The results of the static test p-value = 0.000, which shows the effect of the Red Ginger Foot Hydrotherapy combination of Slow Deep Breathing on the blood pressure of hypertensive patients. Discussion. Doing red ginger foot hydrotherapy in combination with slow deep breathing can control blood pressure, but must be supported to consume drugs regularly, exercise, carrying out a diet, and avoiding stress.

Cocoa effects on blood pressure, endothelial function, and inflammation: a systematic review

Hypertension has affected 1,13 billion people worldwide and is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which has a high mortality rate. The aim of the study was to review the effect of cocoa on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients, and its alterations in endothelial function and inflammation. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Lilacs and MedLine databases in August 2018. Inclusion criteria were limited to hypertensive individuals, cardiovascular diseases, intervention and randomized clinical studies; published since 2000 and in English, Spanish and Portuguese languages. A total of 433 articles were found in the search, which 13 met the inclusion criteria. The trials had a sample of 19 to 122 participants. The cocoa was offeredas chocolate bars and cocoa beverage. Chocolate bars doses ranged from 6 g to 100 g/ day and cocoa powder doses ranged from 5 g to 31 g/ day. Intervention ranged from 2 to 18 weeks. The results observed revealed a significant blood pressure-reducing effect of cocoa, an increase in flow-mediated dilation in the evaluation of endothelial function, and no changes in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity were observed after intervention. The conclusion suggests that cocoa has a blood pressure lowering effect, but new studies are still required with hypertensive individuals so that their mechanisms are better evaluates and their efficacy proven.

The Effect of Slow Deep Breathing and Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients in Kedaung Wetan Health Center Tangerang

Slow and deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation are non-pharmacological therapies that are easy to do. This therapy can make the body more relaxed so that it can lower blood pressure. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of slow deep breathing therapy and progressive muscle relaxation in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This research uses a quasi-experimental design with a one-group research design using a pre-test and post-test approach without a control group. Respondents in this study consisted of 16 hypertensive patients selected by purposive sampling, with one intervention group. The intervention was carried out by the respondent, who performed slow and deep breathing techniques and progressive muscle relaxation through the media provided. The results showed a significant difference in blood pressure before and after instruction in deep breathing techniques and progressive muscle relaxation, using the paired t-test. The results of the analysis using the t-test showed that there was a significant influence between slow deep breathing techniques and progressive muscle relaxation on blood pressure in hypertensive patients (p-value < 0.05). Therefore, it is hoped that nurses can optimize slow and deep breathing techniques and progressive muscle relaxation as non-pharmacological therapies for managing patient hypertension.

The Effect of Stretching Excercise as Complimentary Therapy on Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension in the Cibodasari Health Center Tangerang

This study aims to determine the effect of complementary therapy stretching exercises on blood pressure in hypertension patients. This research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experiment design and a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The intervention provided was stretching exercises for 30 minutes twice a week in the morning and evening for 2 weeks, by measuring the blood pressure before and after the intervention. The number of samples taken was 15 respondents from a total population of 374 hypertension sufferers in the Cibodasari Community Health Center Tangerang, using a purposive sampling technique. Using the paired sample t-test for bivariate analysis, the average drop in respondents' systolic blood pressure was 6,133, from 151.20 (pre-test) to 145.07 (post-test), and the average drop in respondents' diastolic blood pressure was 7,333, from 89.20 (pre-test) to 81.87 (post-test). Based on the t-dependent statistical test, significant results were obtained with a p-value of 0.002 for systolic pressure and a p-value of 0.003 for diastolic pressure. The results of the study show that stretching exercises have an effect on reducing blood pressure in hypertension sufferers, which can be applied simultaneously with other pharmacological therapies.

SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK DAN NILAI GIZI PUDING U-BANSOY (ULI BANANA SOYA) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF SELINGAN TINGGI KALIUM DAN ISOFLAVON

Uli bananas contain higher potassium than other types of bananas. Soybeans can help lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients through potassium content and antioxidant activity, as shown by isoflavones. This study aimed to determine the organoleptic properties and nutritional value of U-Bansoy Pudding with soybean and banana formulations as an alternative high-potassium and isoflavone snacks for hypertensive patients. The research design used an experimental study design using a Complete Experimental Design (RAL) consisting of one factor in the form of 3 types of soybean and banana balance, namely 25%:75%, 50%:50%, 75%:25%. The research method used an organoleptic test with a hedonic test of 7 numerical scale on 30 moderately trained panelists. The results of U-Bansoy Pudding organoleptic test on the color and texture that the panelists liked the most was a 50%:50% balance. U-Bansoy pudding organoleptic test results on the aroma that the panelists most liked were the balance of 25%:75% and 50%:50%, while the results of the organoleptic test of U-Bansoy pudding on the taste and overall (overall) balance of 25%:75% were the most preferred by the panelists. By consuming one serving of U-Bansoy Pudding with a balance of 25%:75% is enough to contribute as an alternative distraction for hypertensive patients with 185.95 grams of energy, 8.74 grams of protein, 3.64 grams of fat, 34.2 grams of carbohydrates, 533.14 mg of potassium and 30.9 mg of isoflavones. U-Bansoy pudding can be used as an alternative snack for hypertensive patients who need a diet high in potassium and isoflavones.

Literatur Review Kualitas Tidur Lansia Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Hipertensi

Hypertension is a measurement of systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg and the measurement is more than 2 times. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the relationship between elderly sleep quality and high blood pressure in hypertensive patients based on the literature review. Writing this journal uses a literature study approach from several search databases from pubmed and proquest with the last 5 years of publication (2017-2022). Keywords used are sleep quality, elderly, and hypertension. The literature study showed that from 10 journals studied, there was a relationship between sleep quality and hypertension from several factors, including sleep duration <6 hours, frequent awakenings at night, illnesses suffered and the elderly experienced nocturia. Where nocturia is someone who often urinates excessively at night. In conclusion, from 10 articles that show a significant relationship, it has been analyzed that sleep quality is related to hypertension, but poor sleep quality can be caused by several triggering factors including sleep duration > 6 hours, illnesses such as diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia, and sleep quality. in women aged > 60 years and over more often experience nocturia so that the quality of sleep decreases.

Penerapan Relaksasi Otot Progresif Untuk Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi di Bangsal Anggrek 2 RSUD Dr Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri

The prevalence of hypertension continues to increase from year to year. Hypertension sufferers in Indonesia amounted to 34.1% in 2018. The RI Central Bureau of Statistics stated that in 2018 the prevalence of hypertension sufferers in Central Java was at the third level with a total of 37.6%. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to complications of other diseases such as coronary heart disease, infarction, stroke, congestive heart failure, kidney failure and even death. So the need for patient compliance in preventing complications. The aim of applying progressive muscle relaxation to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Orchid Ward 2 RSUD dr Sodiran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri. The research method used is descriptive case study. This study describes the results of an analysis of the application of progressive muscle relaxation in two patients with hypertension with certain criteria to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the Orchid Ward 2 RSUD Dr Soediran Mangun Soemarso Wonogiri. The application of progressive muscle relaxation can affect the decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Anggrek Ward 2 RSUD Dr Soediran Mangun Soemarso Wonogiri. It can be concluded that progressive muscle relaxation has an effect on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the Anggrek 2 ward at Soediran Mangun Soemarso Hospital Wonogiri. Suggestions for hospitals, education, nurses, patients and families of this study can be a basic reference in managing blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

The Effect of Garlic Extract on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients

Background: Hypertension is a condition that is often found in primary health care. Basic Health Research data for 2018 show that the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.1%. Efforts that have been made to reduce the impact of hypertension include pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. Herbal therapy is included in complementary therapy, one of the herbal therapies to reduce blood pressure is the consumption of garlic. Garlic contains allicin and hydrogen sulfide which dilate and make blood vessels less rigid so blood pressure will decrease. Purpose: To determine the effect of garlic extract on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Methods: This is a pretest-posttest pre-experimental study for the causal relationship of garlic extract with a decrease in blood pressure. The samples of this study were hypertensive patients. The statistical tests used were the friedman test to compare pre, post-1, and post-2 and the Wilcoxon test to compare two repeated observations which were analyzed using Software Program Statistics System. Results: For systolic blood pressure, the statistical test results obtain a p-value of (0.000) <0.05, which means that there is a change in blood pressure between pre, post-1, and post-2, with a change in magnitude of 13.43. Meanwhile, for diastolic blood pressure, the statistical test results obtain a p-value of (0.000) <0.05, which means that there is a change in blood pressure between pre, post-1, and post-2, with a change in magnitude of 8.67. Conclusion: There is an effect of garlic extract on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

Efficacy of fosinopril and amlodipine in pediatric primary hypertension: a single-center observational study.

Fosinopril and amlodipine are commonly prescribed as first-line pharmacotherapeutic agents for pediatric hypertension, but there is a lack of comparative studies regarding the efficacy of these two drugs. We aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of fosinopril and amlodipine monotherapy in pediatric primary hypertension. This was a single-center, bidirectional observational study. A total of 175 children and adolescents with primary hypertension receiving antihypertensive monotherapy from July 2020 to February 2023 were enrolled. According to antihypertensive drugs, they were divided into the fosinopril group (n = 96) and the amlodipine group (n = 79). Subgroup analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of the two groups in terms of blood pressure (BP) control rates and reductions following a 4-week treatment. After 4 weeks of treatment, both groups achieved significant reductions in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) by more than 18 mmHg and 6 mmHg, respectively, with BP control rates of 61.5% in the fosinopril group and 59.5% in the amlodipine group, revealing no significant differences in the antihypertensive efficacy between the two groups except for DBP control rate (FDR adjusted P > 0.05). Further subsequent subgroup analyses revealed that the reductions in SBP and DBP in the fosinopril group were significantly greater than those in the amlodipine group in patients of females and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia (FDR adjusted P < 0.05), and there was a trend of difference, although not significant, in patients with central obesity and insulin resistance (IR) (FDR adjusted 0.05 < P ≤ 0.1). However, there were no significant differences in treatment efficacy in patients without these characteristics. Furthermore, hypertriglyceridemia did not exhibit a significant association with the difference in treatment efficacy between the two medications (FDR adjusted P > 0.05). Fosinopril and amlodipine monotherapy were both effective in pediatric primary hypertension during a short-term follow-up. Fosinopril may be particularly effective in reducing BP in hypertensive patients of females, central obesity, IR, and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia. These findings indicate that optimizing antihypertensive medication selection based on the individualized characteristics of children with hypertension may improve the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment.

Nursing Care For Families With A Deficit Of Hypertension-Related Knowledge At The Surabaya Health Centers Working Area : A Case Study

Introduction: Hypertension is the main cause of death worldwide, this condition continues to increase from year to year related to cardiovascular and kidney disease. The purpose of this case study is to explain how nursing care is given to families with knowledge deficits about hypertension at the Surabaya Health Center. Methods: This case study uses a single case study design with a sample of families with knowledge deficits in hypertension. Data were collected by primary methods, namely interviews with families and secondary methods, namely conducting physical assessments. The intervention carried out was health education in accordance with the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards which was carried out for 7 days. Results: After the family was given hypertension health education interventions and hypertension exercises, the family experienced an increase in knowledge related to hypertension with a pre-test score of 2 to a post-test score of 10. The family was able to control their diet and was committed to having their health checked regularly, and the family was able to carry out activities. physical exercise with hypertension independently at home. Conclusion: The results of the evaluation are that there is an increase in the level of knowledge in the family and able to carry out healthy lifestyle management by controlling diet, doing hypertension exercises independently at home and committed to carrying out regular health checks. It is expected that health workers will socialize and train the skills of implementing hypertension gymnastics so that they can carry out the management of patients who experience hypertension by means of non-pharmacological management to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients

Pengaruh Musik Klasik Terhadap Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Hipertensi di Klinik Ambalat SESKO TNI Bandung

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a disease that is often suffered by many people, hypertension itself sometimes has symptoms that the sufferer does not know about. A condition that causes about half of all deaths from stroke and heart disease. The aim of this study aims to determine the effect of classical music therapy on changes in blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Ambalat SESKO TNI Bandung Clinic. This research uses a quantitative questionnaire method with a pre-post test research design (Quasy experiment), the data analysis used is the Wicoxon test. The respondents were 25 TNI members at the Ambalat SESKO TNI Bandung Clinic. The instruments in this study used a sphygmomanometer and classical music. &#x0D; &#x0D;

The Effect of Dayak Onion Water (Eleutherin Palm folia) to Reduction of Blood Pressure on Hypertension Patients

Introduction: Efforts to control hypertension by consuming antihypertensive drugs in the long term can cause Drug Related Problems, an unexpected condition experienced by the patient concerned, which may be caused by involving medication therapy given to the patient, which can actually or potentially affect the patient's condition. patient such as non-compliance, drug interactions, allergies to prescribed drugs, so it is necessary to look for treatments made from natural plants, one of which is Dayak onion. Objective: To determine the effect of dayak onion steeping water (Eleutherine palmifolia) on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the working area of the Gemuhan Asa Auxiliary Community Health Center. Methods: The type and research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental because the experiment was carried out in the community. Result and Discussion: p-value 0.000 (&lt; 0.05) means that there is an effect of giving Dayak Onion (Eleutherine Palmifolia) Brewed Water on Blood Pressure Reduction in Hypertension Patients in the Working Area of ??Pembantu Gemuhan Asa Health Center. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving Dayak Onion (Eleutherine Palmifolia) Brewed Water on Blood Pressure Reduction in Hypertension Patients in the Working Area of ??Pembantu Gemuhan Asa Health Center.

Relationship Between of Adherence Rate to Taking Drugs Antihypertensives against Blood Pressure of Elderly Patients in Sekarjaya Health Center Ogan Komering Ulu Regency

Hypertension is a disease that is often found in the community and continues to experience an increase in cases of hypertension due to unhealthy lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of adherence to the consumption of antihypertensive drugs, describe the increase in patients' blood pressure and explain the relationship between the level of adherence in taking antihypertensive drugs to blood pressure in elderly patients. This study used a prospective quantitative descriptive method at the Sekarjaya Health Center, OKU Regency in May-June 2023. The results of the study found that out of 50 patients, 41 patients had low adherence and 9 patients had moderate adherence. In the classification of hypertension patients, 14 patients (28%) were at the pre-hypertensive level, 27 patients (54%) were at level 1 hypertension and 9 patients (18%) were at level 2 hypertension. Analysis of the relationship of adherence to blood pressure obtained a p value of 0.361. The conclusion of this study was that there was no relationship between compliance with blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Sekarjaya Health Center, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. However, the length of illness and forgetting to take medication was influence on compliance with p values of 0.045 and 0.002.&#x0D; Keywords: Hypertension, geriatrics, adherence, health center

Hemodynamic changes following injection of local anesthesia with vasoconstrictor agent in controlled hypertensive patients

Local anesthesia is considered the most commonly used in dentistry. Vasoconstrictors are added to its composition to maximize its advantages. However, it is considered a tourniquet and acts on beta 1 and 2 receptors. This causes augmentation of heart rate and blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of vasoconstrictors during simple tooth extraction in controlled hypertensive patients by monitoring the changes in blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation. A prospective clinical study was carried out in a control group (normotensive patients n=60) and study group (hypertensive patients) (n=60). The following hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure [diastolic and systolic], heart rate and oxygen saturation) were monitored at four different time points (before infiltration of local anesthesia (R1), after 3 minutes of local anesthesia (R2), immediately after extraction (R3) and 25 minutes after local anesthesia infiltration (R4). One carpule of local anesthesia for each patient was provided in the form of lidocaine 2% with adrenaline as vasoconstrictor 1/100,000; (3) Results: Mean heart rate increased from one to four beats per minute in all groups, but the increment was lesser in hypertensive group. The increase of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients during (R2, R3 and R4) was significantly lower than in the normotensive group (p&lt;0.001). The diastolic blood pressure reading fell in the hypertensive group more than in the normotensive group during (R2, R3 and R4). No changes in oxygen saturation were recorded between both groups; (4) Conclusions: no adverse effects in well-controlled hypertensive patients were seen during simple tooth extraction. One carpule of local anesthesia with 1\100,000 adrenaline does not induce blood pressure augmentation in hypertension patients included in this study. The changes in heart rate were within the safe limits. Keywords: local anesthesia, adrenaline, vasoconstrictors, hypertensive patients, hemodynamic changes.

Effect of Pharmaceutical Intervention in Pharmacologically Treated Hypertensive Patients-A Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial: AFPRES-CLM Study.

Evaluate the effect of a community pharmaceutical intervention on the control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients treated pharmacologically. A cluster-randomized clinical trial of 6 months was carried out. It was conducted in the Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Sixty-three community pharmacies and 347 patients completed the study. Intervention patients received the community pharmaceutical intervention based on a protocol that addresses the individual needs of each patient related to the control of their blood pressure, which included Health Education, Pharmacotherapy Follow-up and 24 h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement. Control patients received usual care in the community pharmacy. The pharmaceutical intervention resulted in better control of blood pressure (85.8% vs. 66.3% p < 0.001), lower use of emergencies (p = 0.002) and improvement trends in the physical components of quality of life, measured by SF-36 questionnaire, after 6 months of pharmaceutical intervention. No significant changes were observed for any of these variables in the control group. There were also detected 354 negative medication-related outcomes that were satisfactorily resolved in a 74.9% of the cases and 330 healthcare education interventions and 29 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitorings were performed in order to increase adherence to pharmacological treatment and minimize Negative Outcomes associated with Medication and prevent medication-related problems. Community pharmaceutical intervention can increase hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure, after 6 months, compared with usual care.