Blood Of Quail Research Articles

Transport of radioiodide between blood and ovary of Japanese quail

Experimental data from blood and ovaries (oocytes) following injection of 125Iodide were analyzed in terms of an open, two-compartmental model. Clearance of iodide by small, growing oocytes was 9.0 ul serum/mg/hour; 0.23 of the accumulated iodide left the oocytes per hour, presumably by diffusion. The accumulation of iodide by the small oocytes was shown to be saturable; K m was 0.126 mg iodide/dl serum. These results support the concept that iodide accumulates in the small oocytes by active transport. FSH injected 2 hours prior to the 125I caused a 50% increase in the clearance rate but no increase of the exit-rate constant.

Monocytosis in experimental zinc deficiency of domestic birds

Differential and total white cell counts on the peripheral blood of chickens, turkeys and quails maintained from hatching on an experimental zinc-deficient diet, revealed a severe monocytosis. In chickens the increase in monocytes was first detected on the 3rd day after hatching and was maintained until 18 days of age. The relationship of this monocytosis to the zinc-associated factors which affect mammalian leucocytes and to the damaged epithelium in zinc-deficient birds is discussed.

Ultrastructural Studies on the Leucocytes and Thrombocytes in the Circulating Blood of Japanese Quail ,

The ultrastructure of the leucocytes and thrombocytes in the peripheral blood of Japanese quail was studied. The fine structure of these cells were fundamentally identical with those of other Aves. A brief description of the morphology of the cells examined has been presented.

The influence of exogenous oestrogen and androgen on the respiratory activity and total lipid of the whole blood of the Japanese quail

1. 1. Respiratory activity and total lipid content were measured on whole blood samples obtained from 4-week-old sexually immature Japanese quail of both sexes. 2. 2. For the combined group of males and females, the mean oxygen consumption of the blood of control quail was 164 μl/ml per hr, stilboestrol-treated birds 118 and testosterone-treated birds 174. 3. 3. Blood lipid levels were 1·89 g/100 ml in control, 1·42 in stilboestrol-treated and 1·92 in testosterone-treated quail. 4. 4. The addition of glucose to the blood samples did not alter the respiratory activity.

In vitro feeding of Dermanyssus gallinae

Dermanyssus gallinae engorged in vitro on the blood of quail, chickens, sheep, calves, pigs, and rabbits but the mites fed satisfactorily only through the skin of birds. An optimum temperature of 40–41C was established and a temperature differential was not necessary. Fed mites moulted and oviposited but further investigation is necessary for completion of the life cycle in vitro.

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine turnover in the chicken and the bobwhite and Japanese quail

Except for the data of Heninger and Newcomer (1964) on the t 1 2 of T 4 and T 3 in cardiac tissue of chickens and brief reports on the t 1 2 of T 4 in blood plasma of chickens (Tata and Shellabarger, 1959; Hendrich and Turner, 1967) and Japanese quail (McFarland et al., 1966) , no information has been found in the literature on the degradation of thyroid hormones in birds. In the present investigations, thyroxine- and triiodothyronine-distribution spaces (TDS) and biological half lives ( t 1 2 ) of the two hormones are reported. The extrathyroidal thyroxine- (ETT) and thyroid-secretion rate (TSR) from thyroxine degradation have been calculated from T 4 turnover data in the chicken, bobwhite and Japanese quail. Protein-bound iodine values (PBI) in the three species of birds are also presented. In addition, the results of TSR by thyroxine degradation are compared in chickens receiving diets adequate or deficient in iodine. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine turnover was studied in the chicken, bobwhite quail and Japanese quail. The thyroid secretion rate (TSR) as determined by this method in 7-week normal chickens, 7-week goitrogen-treated chickens, 56-week normal chickens, bobwhite, and Japanese quail, averaged 2.03, 1.59, 1.02, 2.49, and 2.78 μg/100 gm body weight/day, respectively. The TSR of iodine-deficient chickens was found to be significantly decreased. The representative biological half lives of T 4 in the blood of chickens, bobwhite, and Japanese quail were 3.25, 4.60, and 5.50 hours, respectively. The half life of T 3 in each species of birds tested is not significantly different. The representative thyroxine-distribution space (TDS) in ml/100 gm body weight of chickens, bobwhite, and Japanese quail, respectively, measured 29.39, 28.08, and 55.29. TDS/unit body weight of 56-week old chickens is significantly lower than in 7-week chickens. T 3-distribution spaces in all birds are higher than that of T 4. The representative protein-bound iodine of chickens, bobwhite, and Japanese quail were measured as 1.12, 1.76, and 1.26 μg, respectively. Increased plasma radioactivity was found in cardiac blood samples as compared to those taken by venous puncture. It is believed that this represents discharge of unchanged hormone from extrathyroidal tissues, probably the liver, in response to the withdrawal of a relatively large volume of blood. The possible role of this mechanism in regulating thyroid hormone levels is discussed.