Blood Inflammatory Markers Research Articles

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition in Mexican healthcare personnel.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to identify anxiety and depression in health personnel who suffered COVID-19, and to associate them with blood inflammatory markers. Materials and methods: The design of this study was descriptive and cross-sectional. We evaluated 51 healthcare workers who survived COVID-19 disease with Hamilton scales for anxiety and depression, also we calculated inflammatory markers (systemic immune-inflammation index, SII; monocyte lymphocyte ratio, MLR; platelet lymphocyte ratio, PLR; and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, NLR) using blood venous samples. This study was carried out from August 2021 to December 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 26. Results: Our study included 51 healthcare personnel, females (n=29) and males (n=22). The mean age was 40.54 ± 11.00 years. The most frequent acute symptoms for COVID-19 presented were dysgeusia (n=20), anosmia (n=18), and headache (n=17). The most common comorbidities were overweight (n=24), obesity (n=22), and hypertension (n=11). According to the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HARS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression Rating (HRSD) we identify anxiety and depression in 72.5% (n=37) and 51% (n=26) within the health personnel, respectively. Conclusions: In our study, we observed a high frequency of anxiety and depression in healthcare workers with post COVID-19 condition. However, we did not observe an association between inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII) with anxiety and depression in health personnel post-COVID-19. We suggest follow-up assessments in healthcare personnel with post-COVID-19 condition, to evaluate if mixed emotional disorders persist. Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Mental disorders; Inflammation; COVID-19.

Comparing the responses of grain-fed feedlot cattle under moderate heat load and during subsequent recovery with those of feed-restricted thermoneutral counterparts: blood cells and inflammatory markers

Given the climate projections for livestock rearing regions globally, understanding the inflammatory status of livestock under various heat loads will be informative to animal welfare and management. A survey of plasma inflammatory markers was conducted, and blood leucocyte counts followed to investigate the capacity of the ~ 500 kg grain fed Black Angus steer to respond to and recover from a moderate heat load challenge. Two sequential cohorts of 12 steers were housed in climate-controlled rooms (CCR) for 18 days. A thermally challenged (TC) group (n = 2 × 6) experienced five consecutive periods: PreChallenge, Challenge, and Recovery within the CCR, and 40 days in outdoor pens (PENS and Late PENS). PreChallenge (5 days) and Recovery (7 days) delivered thermoneutral conditions, whereas in Challenge the TC steers experienced a diurnal temperature range of 28–35 °C. A feed-restricted thermoneutral (FRTN) treatment (n = 2 × 6) was run concurrently to differentiate between responses to reduced feed intake alone and moderate heat stress. Blood neutrophil counts were particularly sensitive to moderate heat load with higher numbers during Challlenge and in PENs. The plasma concentrations of TNFα and IL-1β were depressed in the TC group compared to the FRTN counterparts and remained so for 40 days after Challenge. Linear relationships of the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, and haptoglobin with rumen temperature or dry matter intake detected in the FRTN group were altered or absent in the TC group. The findings suggest significant impacts of moderate heat load on the inflammatory status of feedlot cattle.

The association of systemic inflammatory biomarkers with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a large population-based cross-sectional study

PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the two blood inflammatory markers including the systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index, and the system inflammation response index (SIRI). MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between the year of 2017–2018 was used for this cross-sectional study. In order to analyze the association of SII index, and SIRI and risk of NAFLD, we used multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) plot, and subgroup analysis to analyze the data. ResultsIn total, there were 1,199 individuals who participated in the survey. As shown by the RCS plot, SII index, and SIRI were linked with NAFLD risk in a U-shaped pattern. With regard to known confounding variables, when comparing the lowest quartile, the odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval for prevalence of NAFLD across the quartiles of SII index and SIRI were (0.89 (0.57, 1.41), 0.56 (0.35, 0.89) and 1.01 (0.64, 1.59)), and (0.77 (0.48, 1.23), 0.79 (0.50, 1.24) and 0.94 (0.60, 1.47)), respectively. Additionally, SII index, and SIRI and NAFLD risk also were U-curve correlated among the participants in age ≥60 years, female, without hypertension, and BMI of ≥30 kg/m2. ConclusionsThere was a U-shaped association of SII index and SIRI with prevalence of NAFLD, indicating that SII index and SIRI should be monitored dynamically.

The association of hematological inflammatory markers and psychological function in COVID-19 patients: A cross-sectional study.

Mental health disorders are linked to systemic inflammation. Due to high inflammation and mental health disorders in COVID-19 patients, we aimed to investigate the relationship between blood inflammatory markers such as red cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), white blood cell (WBC), and psychological function in COVID-19 patients. In the current cross-sectional study, neuro-psychological function, and a complete blood count (CBC) were measured on 120 COVID-19 patients aged >30 years from the Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Our results showed that anxiety related to MCHC (mean ± SD: 32.71 ± 1.68, p < 0.05), WBC (mean ± SD: 12.23 ± 5.43, p < 0.05), and PLR (median (IQR): 28.72 (15.88-41.31), p < 0.05) significantly. In the stress subgroup, only RPR was associated with stress (p < 0.05). Linear regression between hematological parameters and psychological score indicated that RDW and PLR had a significantly positive association with depression (β = 0.086; p = 0.045 and β = 1.326; p = 0.016, respectively) and anxiety scores (β = 0.100; p = 0.038 and β = 1.356; p = 0.010, respectively). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between PLR and stress (β = 1.102; p = 0.012). This study showed a positive association between depression/anxiety/stress symptoms and levels of hematological inflammatory markers including PLR and RDW. The findings of this study provide novel insights into mental health and physiological markers, underscoring the potential influence of inflammation on mood disorders. Our findings offer exciting prospects for future research and may lead to innovative approaches in the management and treatment of depression, anxiety, and stress.

Abstract B120: Association of allostatic load with prostate-specific antigen level among Nigerian men

Abstract Objective: Prostate cancer is a prevalent disease among men worldwide, and early detection plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes. It has been suggested that chronic stress could increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, however, the association between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and chronic stress, as measured by allostatic load (AL) - remains poorly understood. Hence, this study aims to investigate the association between PSA levels and allostatic load among Nigerian men. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 80 males in Ota, Nigeria. Data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, medical history, and occupational stressors were collected through structured questionnaires. Blood samples were obtained to measure PSA levels, and the allostatic load was assessed using a composite index based on physiological indicators such as blood pressure, lipid profile, glycemic control, and inflammatory markers. Multiple linear regression analysis will be used to examine the association between PSA, AL, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status. Expected Results: We hypothesize a positive correlation between PSA levels and allostatic load among Nigerian men. Hence, this suggests that higher levels of allostatic load, an indicator of chronic stress and physiological dysregulation, may be associated with elevated PSA levels. Conclusion: If a positive correlation between PSA and allostatic load is established, it could suggest that managing chronic stress and improving physiological regulation might have a positive impact on prostate health. Citation Format: Olanike Olowokere, Olutola Olasehinde, Opeyemi C. De Campos, Ayomide Adebesin, Titilayomi Bisi-Adeniyi, Olawole Tolulope, Abimbola Onyia, Oluwakemi Rotimi, Solomon Oladapo Rotimi. Association of allostatic load with prostate-specific antigen level among Nigerian men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B120.

Fecal miR-223 is a noninvasive biomarker for estimating Crohn's disease activity.

MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) has emerged as a promising noninvasive biomarker for Crohn's disease (CD). However, it is unclear which tissue derived miRNA-223 can more accurately estimate CD disease activity. To collect serum, terminal ileal mucosa biopsy and fecal samples from CD patients and healthy controls. The CD Activity Index (CDAI) score, Montreal classification, maintenance medicines, peripheral blood inflammatory markers, fecal calprotectin (FC) and the Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) were recorded. To compare the expression of miR-223 in the serum, intestinal tissue, and feces. MiR-223 expression levels in the serum, intestinal tissue and feces of CD patients were significantly higher than those of controls. The level of miR-223 in the serum, intestinal tissue and feces increased significantly in active CD patients compared with that in inactive CD patients. The levels of serum, intestinal tissue and fecal miR-223 were correlated with the CDAI. Serum miR-223 was also correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6, tissue miR-223 correlated with IL-6 and FC, and fecal miR-223 correlated with FC. In terms of the association with FC, fecal miR-223 had a higher Spearman r value than tissue miR-223. The area under the curve (AUC) values of serum, tissue and fecal miR-223 to diagnose CD were similar to those of CRP and FC (AUC > 0.8). The AUC values of tissue and fecal miR-223 to evaluate CD disease activity were 0.832 and 0.818, respectively, and were higher than serum miR-223, CRP and FC. Fecal miR-223 had a higher specificity of 92.3%. Fecal miR-223 might be a novel, noninvasive biomarker for estimating the disease activity of CD patients.

Mclena‐1: A Phase II Clinical Trial for the Assessment of Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Lenalidomide in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease; Interim progress

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates that inflammation mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukins (e.g. IL‐1 beta, IL‐2, and IL‐6), and chemokines (e.g. IL‐8), is prominent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. These data suggest that systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in the cause and effects of AD neuropathology. Thus, we propose that modulating systemic inflammation via a pleiotropic immunomodulator is a putative therapeutic intervention if administered at a proper time window during the course of the disease.MethodThis is a Phase II, proof‐of mechanism, placebo‐controlled clinical study on amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) male and female subjects administered 10 mg/day the immunomodulator, anti‐cancer agent lenalidomide for 12 months on a 1:1 ratio (15 placebo + 15 drug‐treated subjects total) followed by a 6 months washout period. Amyloid loads is measured by FBP PET. The primary endpoints are cognition measured via a large battery cognitive tests every 3 months, and comparison of brain amyloid loads (Florbetapir PET imaging) and neurodegeneration (volumetric MRI) pre‐ and post‐drug treatment. The secondary endpoints are safety, which is evaluated through reported adverse events (AEs), clinical laboratory tests (hematology, serum chemistry, and urinalysis), vital signs, physical and neurological examinations, and electrocardiograms. The tertiary and exploratory objectives will assess blood inflammatory markers after lenalidomide vs. placebo administration.ResultsTo date, 15 participants have signed consent, 7 screen failed, 2 withdrew consent and 6 have completed treatment after 12 months. Adverse events occurred as expected in cancer cohorts. No severe AEs have occurred so far. Importantly, assuming a 1:1 randomization in the blinded phase, several participants have received lenalidomide continuously for 12 months without interruption. Though blinded, the completers appeared to be stable.ConclusionIn the current project we aim to investigate lenalidomide as a possible AD therapy. Our study should allow determining whether or not lenalidomide is safe in subjects suffering neurological disorders, and whether it can alter the clinical course of AD. To date, AEs are as expected and the safety and tolerability are manageable. A second trial coined MCLENA 2 will start soon. It will focus on biomarker endpoints (rather than cognition) following treatment for 6 months

Germline Determinants of Toxicity and Efficacy in Patients with Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with Anti-CD19 Autologous CAR T-Cell Therapy

Background. Increasing data have demonstrated that acquired genetic aberrations, including TP53 mutations in the tumor cells and clonal hematopoiesis, can impact the efficacy and/or toxicity of anti-CD19 autologous CAR T-cell therapy (CART) in patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Recent data have suggested that germline genetic aberrations, including polymorphisms in CD19, ABCB1, MISP and CPVL (Strati P et al, Leukemia 2022) and deleterious germline variants in STXBP2, can also affect outcomes in these patients. However, a comprehensive analysis of germline determinants of response and toxicity after CART in this patient population has not yet been described. Methods. Genome-wide genotyping using the Illumina Genome Screening Array (GSAv2.0) was performed in 170 patients with relapsed or refractory LBCL treated with standard of care axicabtagene ciloleucel in third line and beyond. Response was assessed according to 2014 Lugano criteria. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) were graded according to ASTCT criteria, and cytopenia according to CTCAE v5. Polygenic risk score (PRS) instruments for blood cell traits and inflammatory markers were obtained from the PGS Catalog and analyzed using PRSice. Risk of poor response and toxicity was estimated using logistic regression models with standardized PRS scores as a continuous variable adjusting for age at diagnosis, gender, and bridging therapy (yes/no). Exploratory genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses were also performed. Results. The median age was 58 years, 116 (68%) were male, and 91 (54%) received bridging therapy. Interestingly, increasing PRS for baseline IL-6 levels was associated with decreased risk of CRS grade (G) 2-4 (β: -0.15, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.013, p=0.030) and ICANS G3-4 (β: -0.21, 95% CI: -0.37 to -0.066, p=0.005). Similarly, increased genetically-predicted monocyte levels decreased risk of ICANS G3-4 (β: -0.16, 95% CI: -0.31 to -0.018, p=0.027). Baseline genetically-predicted monocyte levels were also associated with increased probability of a CR at D90 (β: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.041 to 0.34, p=0.011). For prolonged cytopenia (defined as G3-4 cytopenia ongoing at day 30), risk was increased with increasing PRS for reticulocyte levels (β: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.48, p=0.002). No genome-wide significant (p&amp;lt;5x10 -8) variants were identified in the exploratory GWAS analyses, however, several loci at p=10 -5 were located within/near potential biologically-relevant candidate genes. This included an association with prolonged cytopenia for rs111940551 located upstream of IKZF1, a regulator of lymphocyte differentiation, and serving as a putative expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) for this gene. An intragenic variant identified for ICANS G3-4 (rs1149927) was in high linkage disequilibrium (D'=0.97) with a variant previously shown to be associated with brain morphology. Conclusion. PRS representing baseline levels of several key blood cell traits, particularly monocytes, and inflammatory markers may impact toxicities and efficacy of CART in patients with LBCL. The intriguing finding of an inverse association for IL-6 with both high-grade CRS and ICANS was unexpected and needs further investigation. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these observations and better understand how relevant germline genetic determinants may influence efficacy and toxicity after CART therapy. Elucidating such determinants may help in improving patient selection and in developing strategies to enhance the therapeutic index of CART.

Investigating Hyponatremia Status and Interleukin 6 Concentration and Their Possible Relationship in COVID-19 Patients Compared to Healthy People

Background: Systemic inflammation is associated with severe coronavirus disease. Hyponatremia can be caused by inflammation related to non-osmotic stimuli. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate hyponatremia status and interleukin 6 concentration as well as their possible relationship in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 24 COVID-19 patients and 24 healthy individuals referred to hospitals in Hamadan were included in the study in order to evaluate the relationship between hyponatremia and inflammation. The study was conducted after receiving ethical approval and informed consent from the participants. Complete blood count (CBC), inflammatory markers, electrolytes, creatinine, liver enzymes, ferritin, albumin, and D-dimer were measured using Selectra-Pro XI autoanalyzer, Pars Azmoun kits, and Human Interleukin 6 ELISA Kit Catalog MBS760693. All analyses were performed at a significance level of 0.05. Results: In this study, there was no statistically significant difference in age and gender between 24 healthy people and 24 participating patients (P&gt;0.05). The level of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus was significantly decreased in patients with COVID-19 compared to controls (P&lt;0.001). The level of inflammatory markers, ferritin, albumin, D-dimer, and liver enzymes in the patient group was significantly increased compared to the control group (P&lt;0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study showed a higher incidence of hyponatremia and an increased level of interleukin-6 in COVID-19 patients. It seems that the use of strategies to reduce inflammation will help in the proper management of the disease.

Association of obesity with mild traumatic brain injury symptoms, inflammatory profile, quality of life and functional outcomes: a TRACK-TBI Study

ObjectivesObesity is associated with chronic inflammation, which may impact recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The objective was to assess the role of obesity in recovery of symptoms, functional...

Complete blood count, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes

Background: Complete blood count (CBC) and inflammatory markers derived from hematology parameters, as well as lipid profiles, have emerged as novel biomarkers that aid in predicting the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in people with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the alterations in CBC, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers derived from CBC in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-associated ASCVD and the associations between glycated hemoglobin and hematology, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers. Methods: Overall, 75 patients with T2DM ASCVD from the National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita were investigated. Patients with diabetes were classified into high-risk (HR), very high-risk (VHR), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) groups. VHR-ASCVD was defined as having ≥2 major ASCVD events, or one major ASCVD event and ≥2 high-risk conditions. HR-ASCVD were patients with &gt;3 major risk factors, diabetes, chronic kidney disease stage 3B or 4, and a very high LDL-C level. ECG and cardiac biomarker tests ensured an ACS diagnosis. CBC, lipid profiles, and IL-6 were estimated in all groups. Results: Patients with T2DM ACS demonstrated significantly different levels of red blood cell distribution width (RDW), leucocytes, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, segmented neutrophils, absolute lymphocytes, absolute monocytes, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), total cholesterol, LDL, HDL/total cholesterol ratio, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and IL-6. HbA1c was significantly correlated with leucocytes (p&lt;0.05), segmented neutrophils (p&lt;0.001), NLR (p&lt;0.05), PLR (p&lt;0,05), total cholesterol (p&lt;0.05), LDL (p&lt;0.05), total cholesterol/ HDL ratio (p&lt;0.05), and IL-6 (p&lt;0.001), eosinophils (p&lt;0.05), lymphocytes (p&lt;0.05), monocytes (p&lt;0.05), and absolute lymphocytes (p&lt;0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that monocytes, MLR, leucocytes, eosinophils, and absolute monocytes were found to be valuable predictors for T2DM ACS (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: CBC, inflammatory biomarkers derived from CBC, and lipid ratios were inexpensive parameters that could serve as inflammatory biomarkers of increased risks and complications in T2DM ASCVD.

Dry eye symptoms and signs in United States Gulf War era veterans with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

To examine ocular symptoms and signs of veterans with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) diagnosis, ME/CFS symptoms, and controls. This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of 124 South Florida veterans in active duty during the Gulf War era. Participants were recruited at an ophthalmology clinic at the Miami Veterans Affairs Hospital and evaluated for a diagnosis of ME/CFS, or symptoms of ME/CFS (intermediate fatigue, IF) using the Canadian Consensus criteria. Ocular symptoms were assessed via standardised questionnaires and signs via comprehensive slit lamp examination. Inflammatory blood markers were analysed and compared across groups. Mean age was 55.1 ± 4.7 years, 88.7% identified as male, 58.1% as White, and 39.5% as Hispanic. Ocular symptoms were more severe in the ME/CFS (n = 32) and IF (n = 48) groups compared to controls (n = 44) across dry eye (DE; Ocular Surface Disease Index [OSDI]: 48.9 ± 22.3 vs. 38.8 ± 23.3 vs. 19.1 ± 17.8, p < 0.001; 5 item Dry Eye Questionnaire [DEQ-5]: 10.8 ± 3.9 vs. 10.0 ± 4.6 vs. 6.6 ± 4.2, p < 0.001) and pain-specific questionnaires (Numerical Rating Scale 1-10 [NRS] right now: 2.4 ± 2.8 vs. 2.4 ± 2.9 vs 0.9 ± 1.5; p = 0.007; Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory modified for the Eye [NPSI-E]: 23.0 ± 18.6 vs. 19.8 ± 19.1 vs. 6.5 ± 9.0, p < 0.001). Ocular surface parameters and blood markers of inflammation were generally similar across groups. Individuals with ME/CFS report increased ocular pain but similar DE signs, suggesting that mechanisms beyond the ocular surface contribute to symptoms.

Potential blood markers as screening tools for subjects with low back pain: an age- and gender-matched cross-sectional analysis

Background Mechanical and inflammatory factors were suggested as the causes of spine degeneration and low back pain (LBP). Previous studies partly reported the association of LBP with inflammation. However, none of them compared patients with LBP and asymptomatic subjects in terms of complete blood count and inflammatory markers in detail. We aimed to analyze the association of serum white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with chronic LBP by comparing the patients with chronic LBP and age- and gender-matched asymptomatic subjects. Methods Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration and vertebral end-plates were evaluated using Pfirrmann grading and Modic classification on lumbar spine magnetic resonance images, respectively. Serum WBC counts, CRP levels, and ESRs were recorded from chart reviews. Results We included 147 patients with chronic LBP and 101 asymptomatic subjects. Patients with chronic LBP had significantly higher serum neutrophil, monocyte, and basophil counts, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, higher ESR, and lower serum CRP levels compared to the asymptomatic subjects. Serum monocyte and basophil cell counts and ESR were the most remarkable predictive factors for chronic LBP, severe IVDD, and Modic changes. Higher serum monocyte and basophil cell counts and higher serum ESR above cut-off values of 0.42 × 103/μL, 0.025 × 103/μL, and 3.5 mm/hour could be used as screening tools for subjects with persistent LBP in primary care. Discussion Higher serum monocyte and basophil counts and serum ESR above new cut-off values should highlight the need to obtain early spinal imaging to prevent chronicity in patients with LBP.

Intestinal Ultrasound Combined with Blood Inflammatory Markers Is a More Efficient Tool in Evaluating Severity of Crohn's Disease: A Pilot Study.

Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is considered a nonirradiating, noninvasive, well-tolerated, and valuable tool for objectively assessing Crohn's disease (CD) activity. However, there is no widely accepted intestinal ultrasound scoring system. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of IUS key parameters, the International Bowel Ultrasound Activity Score (IBUS-SAS), and IBUS-SAS combined with blood inflammatory markers in assessing CD activity. 40 CD patients were reviewed in this retrospective study and were divided into the moderate-severe group (n = 25) and nonmoderate-severe group (n = 15) based on a simplified endoscopic score of Crohn's disease (SES-CD). Double-balloon enteroscopy/colonoscopy were reviewed by three gastroenterologists. A transabdominal ultrasound was performed by two ultrasound specialists. Blood inflammatory markers were measured from morning samples. In evaluating moderate to severe CD patients, (1) IBUS-SAS had a good predictive effect with an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.855 (P < 0.001); (2) IUS key parameters (including BWT, CDS, BWS, and I-fat) yielded good predictive effects with AUC of 0.811, 0.731, 0.724, and 0.747, respectively (P < 0.001); (3) blood inflammatory markers (including ESR, CRP, PLR, MLR, and NLR) also had good predictive effects with AUC of 0.771, 0.837, 0.728, 0.743, and 0.775, respectively (P < 0.001); (4) IBUS-SAS combined with ESR and CRP exerted the best predictive effect with the highest AUC of 0.912 (95% CI: 0.823-1.000), and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.0% and 80.0%, respectively (P < 0.001). IBUS-SAS combined with ESR and CRP is a more efficient tool than IBUS-SAS alone or inflammatory markers alone in evaluating CD patients with moderate to severe disease activity.

Abstract 14919: Speckle Tracking Based Echocardiographic Evaluation of COVID-19 Recovered Patients: A One Year Follow-Up Study

Introduction: The occurrence of myocardial injury during acute COVID-19 is well known however, its persistence and impact over a longer period of time is unclear. Hypothesis: We assessed left ventricle (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) and right ventricle (RV) longitudinal and free wall strain using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in COVID-19 recovered patients. Methods: A total of 189 subjects following recovery from COVID-19 infection and with a normal LV ejection fraction were enrolled. Routine blood investigations, inflammatory markers and detailed echocardiographic evaluation including STE were done for all. All these patients were followed-up for a period of one year with repeat echocardiography done at six months and one-year. Results: Of the 189 subjects, 176 (93.1%) were symptomatic and categorized as mild [n = 91 (51.8%)], moderate [n = 65 (36.9%)] or severe [n = 20 (11.3%)] illness. Subclinical LV and right ventricle (RV) dysfunction were seen in 58 (30.7%) and 25 (13.2%) patients respectively. LVGLS was significantly lower in patients recovered from severe illness (mild: -21.4 ± 3.1 %; moderate: -18.8 ± 4.8%; severe: -16.3 ± 2.7%; P &lt; 0.0001). RV longitudinal strain was significantly lower in patients recovered from severe COVID (mild: -22.9 ± 1.7, moderate: -21.8 ± 1.5, severe: -17.9 ± 1.6; P &lt; 0.0001). There was a significant improvement in LVGLS (baseline: -19.1± 5.7, one-year: -19.9±4.6; P &lt; 0.0001) and RVFWS (baseline: -23.5±6.3; one-year: -23.7 ± 5.8; P=0.03) however, RVLS improved though not significant (baseline: -21.4±5.7; one-year: -21.6 ± 5.2; P=.156) over a one-year follow-up period. Of the 58 subjects with baseline reduced LVGLS, over a one-year follow-up, 22 (11.6%) had persistently reduced LVGLS. Conclusions: Subclinical LV dysfunction was seen in one third of recovered COVID-19 patients which improved over a one-year follow-up. A fraction of subjects had persistently reduced LVGLS even at one year which suggests need for closer follow-up among them to elucidate long-term cardiovascular outcomes.

Abstract 14108: Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid and Their Association With Oral Inflammatory Markers in Subjects With Clinical Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Our group previously reported that subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) randomized to the omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), had lower levels of blood inflammatory markers and prevention of progression of non-calcified coronary plaque. Macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1β is an inflammatory chemokine expressed by T cells in human plaques; circulating levels are increased in patients with atherosclerosis. The relation between EPA+DHA supplementation and oral inflammatory markers is unclear. Aim: To determine if EPA+DHA supplementation lowers levels of oral inflammatory markers. Methods: Subjects with clinical CAD were randomized to EPA+DHA, 3.36 g daily, or none for 30 months; 199 underwent a dental exam. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected at baseline and 30 months and analyzed for inflammatory markers. Results: MIP-1-β level was significantly lower in the EPA+DHA group compared to control at 30 months in the left upper quadrant of the mouth but not in the right upper quadrant (Table). This difference could potentially be explained by handedness. For example, Right-handed people tend to brush the left side of the mouth better whereas left-handed individuals and ambidextrous individuals have better brushing skills on the right side of the mouth. Other inflammatory markers (MCP, TNF-a, IL-1 and IL-6) were not different between groups on either side. Conclusions: Subjects with CAD randomized to EPA+DHA had reduced levels of the oral inflammatory marker, MIP-1β, at 30 months, suggesting that EPA+DHA can confer oral health benefits in addition to lowering systemic inflammation. For greatest benefit, brushing equally on both sides of the mouth should be encouraged, for which a powered toothbrush can help as it doesn’t rely on manual dexterity and handedness. Future research should examine whether the benefit of omega-3 fatty acids on oral health increases the benefit on coronary plaque.

351 Effects of Replacing Soybean Hulls with Molasses During the Receiving Period of Feedlot Steers

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean hulls with molasses in the receiving diets of weaned feedlot steer-calves on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, enteric methane emissions, and blood inflammatory marker. Eighteen growing Angus crossbred steers (293 ± 11 kg body weight) were used in a completely randomized design with two diets, which were considered treatments. Diets consisted of (DM basis): 1) 46% corn silage, 25% dried distillers grains with solubles, 27% molasses, 0.5% limestone, and 1.5% vitamins and mineral packet (MOL), and 2) 46% corn silage, 22% dried distillers grains with solubles, 30% soybean hulls, 0.5% limestone and 1.5% vitamins and mineral packet (SBH). The experiment consisted of a 42-d period. On d -2 and -1, steers were weighed, and the average was considered initial body weight. On day -1, after weighing, steers were transported via truck and trailer for 12 h (6 h in one direction then 6 h back to the facility) to induce stress experienced by calves when shipped to another location as is standard in the beef industry. Steers were provided hay the evening they returned to the facilities. Steers were stratified by initial body weight and randomly assigned to individual pens, which were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments (MOL or SBH; n = 9 steers/treatment). Dietary treatments started on d 0. Other body weight measurements were recorded on d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 41 and 42. Final body weight was considered the average of two consecutive weights recorded on d 41 and 42. Blood samples were collected via venipuncture on days corresponding to body weight measurements. Feed intake data was collected daily by measuring dry matter of feed offered and orts refused. From d 14 to 20, breath samples were collected, using the sulfur hexaflouride technique, to determine enteric methane production, and feces were collected to determine apparent total tract nutrient digestibility. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and steer as the experimental unit. The model included the fixed effect of treatment. Initial (P = 0.82) and final body weight (P = 0.64) were not affected by treatment. Additionally, no effects of treatment were observed on dry matter intake (P = 0.80) or average daily gain (P = 0.48). Data on enteric methane emissions, nutrient digestibility, and plasma LPS binding protein are still being analyzed. Preliminary data indicate that molasses can replace soybean hulls as an energy source in feedlot receiving diets without affecting animal performance.

Serum α-Klotho level, lung function, airflow obstruction and inflammatory markers in US adults.

α-Klotho is a pleiotropic protein that may have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in the lung, but its role in airflow obstruction or lung function is largely unknown. This was a cross-sectional study of 6046 adults aged 40-79 years in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012. We used multivariable logistic or linear regression to examine the relation between serum α-Klotho level and airflow obstruction, defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) <80% of predicted and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio <0.70; FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC as percentage of predicted; and inflammatory markers in blood (white blood cell count, eosinophils, neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP)). α-Klotho levels in the second to fourth quartiles (Q2-Q4) were associated with significantly decreased odds of airflow obstruction (adjusted OR for Q2-Q4 versus lowest quartile (Q1) 0.54 (95% CI 0.35-0.81)) in never-smokers and ex-smokers with <10 pack-years of smoking, but not in current smokers or ex-smokers with ≥10 pack-years of smoking. In all participants, each unit increment in log10-transformed α-Klotho level was significantly associated with 5.0% higher FEV1 % pred and 3.7% higher FVC % pred. Higher α-Klotho was also associated with lower eosinophils, neutrophils and CRP in participants both with and without airflow obstruction. Higher serum α-Klotho is associated with lower inflammatory markers and higher lung function in adults with and without airflow obstruction, and with decreased odds of airflow obstruction in never-smokers and ex-smokers with <10 pack-years of smoking. Further studies are warranted to replicate our findings and evaluate underlying mechanisms.

Detection of respiratory pathogenic bacterial nucleic acid detection by Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification in patients with bacterial pulmonary infections

ObjectiveNucleic acid testing can accurately and rapidly identify the presence of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we analyzed respiratory pathogenic bacteria nucleic acids by LAMP (Loop-mediated isothermal amplification) to clarify the clinical application in patients with bacterial pulmonary infections. MethodsClinical data and specimens were collected from 99 patients with bacterial pulmonary infections from June 2021 to April 2023. We compared the differences between nucleic acid detection of LAMP and sputum culture. The correlation between inflammation manifestations of pulmonary imaging and the nucleic acid detection of LAMP was compared and analyzed. And the relationship between LAMP and blood inflammatory markers were analyzed. ResultsThe positive rate of LAMP using sputum specimens was significantly higher than that of sputum culture (P < 0.05). Pathogenic bacteria in sputum samples are more likely to be detected by LAMP in patients with inflammatory on lung imaging examination. The coincidence rate of elevated PCT and CRP expression with positive LAMP results were 83.87 % and 88.71 %, respectively. Moreover, PCT, CRP and WBC were significantly higher in LAMP positive group than those in negative group (P < 0.05). ConclusionNucleic acid testing of sputum specimens for pathogenic bacteria by LAMP on the basis of imaging examination can provide a rapid and accurate experimental basis for clinical diagnosis of bacterial pulmonary infections.

Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on inflammatory biomarkers in unstable ischemic heart disease patients following percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled study.

Several blood inflammatory markers, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), are linked to increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate these inflammatory markers after cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with unstable ischemic heart disease (UIHD) who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A cohort of 115 patients with successful PCI due to UIHD enrolled in the study from January 2018 to March 2021. We used a permuted block stratified randomization technique (2 : 1 ratio). Seventy-seven patients were randomized to the CR group and 38 patients to the control group. The CR group underwent a 12-week pre-specified CR regimen. Blood samples were taken at baseline and follow-up at 12 weeks for both groups. Among the 115 patients, 33 patients were female. The mean age was (53 ± 5.55 years) in the control and (53 ± 6.09 years) in the CR group. The two groups were comparable regarding their baseline characteristics and the values of the inflammatory markers. By contrast, at 12 weeks, the inflammatory marker values were significantly lower in the CR group compared to the control group; hs-CRP: 0.11 [0.08-0.14] vs. 0.21 [0.19-0.21], P-value <0.001; NLR: 2.17 [1.42-2.43] vs. 2.26 [2.07-2.6], P-value: 0.016; PLR: 91.2821 [63.3333-103.2000] vs. 92.600 [84.6154-110.0000], P-value: 0.027. CR after PCI in UIHD patients may attenuate some inflammatory markers, which might benefit cardiovascular health. Further studies are required to evaluate these findings with longer follow-up and the powered to measure major cardiovascular event rates.