Blood High-density Lipoprotein Levels Research Articles

Lactation Performance and Rumen Fermentation in Dairy Cows Fed a Diet Supplemented with Monensin or Gum Arabic-Nano Montmorillonite Compost.

The exploration of natural alternatives to antibiotics for enhancing productivity and performance in dairy cows is a crucial objective in farm animal management. This is the first study aimed at developing and evaluating the physicochemical properties and effects of Arabic gum-nano montmorillonite (AGNM) compost compared to ionophore monensin as feed additives on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and milk production of Holstein dairy cows. In a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design, four multiparous mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with an average body weight of 520 ± 15 kg were enrolled. The dietary treatments included a control diet (basal diet without feed additives), monensin diet [a basal diet supplemented with 35 mg/kg dry matter (DM) monensin], and AGNM diets comprising basal diet supplemented with two levels: low (L-AGNM) at 1.5 g/kg DM, and high (H-AGNM) at 3 g/kg DM. AGNM as a feed additive demonstrated promising physiochemical parameters, including containing highly bioactive components (α-amyrin and lupeol), functional groups (OH and Si-O), and essential mineral contents (Mg2+). Supplementations with H-AGNM significantly improved ruminal (p = 0.031) concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), acetic (p = 0.05) and butyric (p = 0.05), enhanced (p < 0.05) digestibility of fiber and organic matter, while decreased (p = 0.013) estimated methane production. However, an increase (p = 0.04) in blood high-density lipoprotein levels and decrease (p < 0.05) in concentrations of creatinine (CREA), bilirubin (BILT), cholesterol (CHOL), and sodium (Na) were observed with H-AGNM supplementation. Both monensin and H-AGNM improved (p = 0.008) feed efficiency compared to L-AGNM; however, neither AGNM nor monensin affected the milk composition or energy status indicators of the dairy cows. The findings of this study highlight the potential of AGNM as a natural candidate to replace monensin in enhancing ruminal VFA production, nutrient digestibility, feed efficiency, blood metabolites, and milk yield in dairy cows.

Adrenal Insufficiency Associated with Low High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) in Patients of Chronic Liver Disease

Introduction Adrenal insufficiency is noted in patients of cirrhosis, mainly in critically ill patients. Cirrhosis characterized with low synthetic functions has multiple indirect markers for severity. Methodology 100 decompensated cirrhosis patients were hospitalized to Lady Hardinge Medical College in New Delhi as part of an observational cohort research from October 2014 to June 2016. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test was done with 250 mcg, basal cortisol, and cortisol after 60 minutes of stimulation was noted. We investigated the relationship between blood HDL levels and adrenal insufficiency. Results Insufficient adrenal function was detected in 28% of the patients. INR, serum total bilirubin, serum creatinine, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL), child score, MELD score, plasma renin activity level, and renal resistive index were all associated with patients with adrenal insufficiency on univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed in patients with adrenal insufficiency, MELD score had odds ratio of 1.5 with AUC 0.724 (0.622-0.825), Bilirubin with odds ratio of 5.6 and AUC of 0.676 (0.679-0.882). Serum HDL with odds ratio of 6.1 (3.3-9.2) and AUC 0.822 (0.724-0.828) with P value &lt;0.001, cut off calculated was 26 mg/dL with sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 85% predicts adrenal insufficiency. Patients with adrenal insufficiency had higher mortality. Conclusion Cirrhosis is associated with adrenal insufficiency, more with advanced liver disease. Low HDL level in blood can be taken as an indirect marker for adrenal insufficiency.

DNA methylation of CpG sites in the chicken KLF7 promoter and Exon 2 in association with mRNA expression in abdominal adipose tissue and blood metabolic indicators

BackgroundOur previous study found that chicken KLF7 was an important regulator in formation of adipose tissue. In the present study, we analyzed the association for DNA methylation in chicken KLF7 with its transcripts of abdominal adipose tissue and blood metabolic indicators.ResultsThe KLF7 transcripts of the adipose tissue of Chinese yellow broilers were associated with age (F = 6.67, P = 0.0035). In addition, the KLF7 transcripts were negatively correlated with blood glucose levels (r = − 0.61841, P = 0.0140). The DNA methylation levels of 26 CpG loci in the chicken KLF7 promoter and Exon 2 were studied by Sequenom MassArray. A total of 22 valid datasets were obtained. None of them was significantly different in relation to age (P > 0.05). However, the DNA methylation levels in the promoter were lower than those in Exon 2 (T = 40.74, P < 0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the DNA methylation levels of PCpG6 and E2CpG9 were significantly correlated with KLF7 transcripts and blood high-density lipoprotein levels, respectively, and many CpG loci were correlated with each other (P < 0.05). The methylation data were subjected to principal component analysis and factor analysis. The six principal components (z1–z6) were extracted and named Factors 1–6, respectively. Factor analysis showed that Factor 1 had a higher load on the loci in the promoter, and Factors 2–6 loaded highly on quite different loci in Exon 2. Correlation analysis showed that only z1 was significantly correlated to KLF7 transcripts (P < 0.05). In addition, an established regression equation between z1 and KLF7 transcripts was built, and the contribution of z1 to the variation on KLF7 transcripts was 34.29%.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the KLF7 transcripts of chicken abdominal adipose tissue might be inhibited by DNA methylation in the promoter, and it might be related to the DNA methylation level of PCpG6.

Effect of Diet Containing Gracilaria Sp. Waste and Multi-Enzyme Additives on Blood Lipid Profile of Local Duck

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of diet containing waste of seaweed Gracilaria sp. on local duck blood lipid profiles including cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). The material in this study were 72 female Tegal ducks aged 22 weeks with 1,318 ± 121 gaverage body weight, diets containing Gracilaria sp. waste (GW) with 18% protein and 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy and 150 g/ton feed commercial multi-enzyme (ME). Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments, (T0) Basal Diets, (T0+) Basal Diets with ME, (T1) Diets with 10% GW, (T1+) Diets with 10% GW + ME, (T2+) Diets with 12.5 % GW + ME, and (T3+) Diets with 15% GW + ME. The treatment was givenfor 12 weeks and blood sample was taken onthe last week. The serum was separated and analyzed for blood lipid profiles using CHOD-PAP. Results showed that diet with 12.5%GW plus multi-enzyme additives significantly (P&lt;0.05) affected blood lipid profiles of local duck, tended to lower triglycerides and LDL Cholesterol, but increase blood HDL levels.

Effect of Diet Containing Gracilaria Sp. Waste and Multi-Enzyme Additives on Blood Lipid Profile of Local Duck

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of diet containing waste of seaweed Gracilaria sp. on local duck blood lipid profiles including cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). The material in this study were 72 female Tegal ducks aged 22 weeks with 1,318 ± 121 gaverage body weight, diets containing Gracilaria sp. waste (GW) with 18% protein and 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy and 150 g/ton feed commercial multi-enzyme (ME). Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments, (T0) Basal Diets, (T0+) Basal Diets with ME, (T1) Diets with 10% GW, (T1+) Diets with 10% GW + ME, (T2+) Diets with 12.5 % GW + ME, and (T3+) Diets with 15% GW + ME. The treatment was givenfor 12 weeks and blood sample was taken onthe last week. The serum was separated and analyzed for blood lipid profiles using CHOD-PAP. Results showed that diet with 12.5%GW plus multi-enzyme additives significantly (P&lt;0.05) affected blood lipid profiles of local duck, tended to lower triglycerides and LDL Cholesterol, but increase blood HDL levels.

EFEKTIFITAS PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG RIMPANG TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb ) DAN TEMU PUTIH (Curcuma zedoria Rosc) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) DAN BERAT ORGAN DALAM PADA AYAM BROILER

An experiment was conducted to examine the effectiveness of curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb and curcuma zedoria Rosc flours added in Ration on High density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and the viscera of broiler. Fifty-four of broiler CP 707® strain were used in this experiment and they were placed into cages (60cm x 45cm x 45cm), 3 birds per cage. There were 18 bulb lamp of 25 watt above each cages. Randomized completely design were used in this experiment; 3 treatments and 6 repetitions. The three treatments were R0 (ration without Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb and Curcuma zedoria Rosc flours ration with), R1 (ration with 2% of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb flours added in ration, and R2 (2% of Curcuma zedoria Rosc flours). The blood HDL level of broilers in this experiment were 133,58mg/dl (R0), 113,33mg/dl (R2) and 109mg/dl (R1), respectively. The blood LDL level of broiler were 45,66mg/dl (R0), 56,33mg/dl (R2) and 64,66mg/dl (R1), respectively. By using Chi square test, it showed that, there was a relations of addition of 2% of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb and Curcuma zedoria Rosc flours in ration with blood HDL level. However, there was not a relation of addition of 2% of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb and Curcuma zedoria Rosc flour in ration with blood LDL level. In short, the addition of 2% of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb and Curcuma zedoria Rosc flours in ration were not efectively increased the level of HDL and not efectively decreased the level of LDL in blood. Furthermore, the percentage of gizard weight, percentage of pancreas weight, percentage of small and large intestine weight of broiler in this experiment were not significantly different between treatments (P&gt;0,05).

Correlates of knowledge of one's blood pressure and cholesterol levels among older members of a managed care plan.

We examined factors predicting knowledge of one's blood pressure, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein levels (HDL) among older persons who reported a recent blood pressure or cholesterol test. Data come from a self-administered, health risk assessment that was mailed to health plan members, age 55 and older, in a Santa Barbara, California medical group. Despite their universal access to health care and high levels of reported compliance with preventive health care screening practices, 41%, 49%, and 77% of respondents reported that they did not know their blood pressure, cholesterol, or HDL levels, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, age and low income were inversely associated with the respondents' ability to report each level. In addition, current smoking and obesity were inversely associated with self-reported knowledge of both cholesterol measures. Persons taking medication for hypertension or hypercholesterolemia were much more likely than those not taking medication to be able to report their blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Except for persons currently undergoing treatment for related conditions, these results suggest that a substantial proportion of the older persons at high risk for cardiovascular disease do not know their levels of these important biological risk factors. This lack of knowledge has important implications for public health education, and may hinder risk-reduction efforts among the elderly.