Blood Count Values Research Articles

Peri-implant disease affects systemic complete blood count values-an experimental in vivo study.

To assess complete blood count (CBC) dynamics following ligature removal and open flap debridement in experimental peri-implantitis in dogs. Seven male beagle dogs were included in the study. Four rough-surface implants were placed pair-wise in both sides of the mandible 14 weeks after tooth extraction. Second stage surgery was performed after 14 weeks. Experimental peri-implantitis was initiated 3 weeks later by ligature placement around the healing caps thus facilitating plaque accumulation and inducing inflammation and destruction of peri-implant tissues. Ligature removal and open flap debridement were performed 11 weeks later. The CBC values were compared with baseline after each procedure. Wilcoxon paired tests were conducted in order to identify statistically significant differences between baseline data and values obtained after each procedure. Following experimental peri-implantitis, statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases were noted for white blood cells-WBC (9.62 ± 4.34 vs. 6.48 ± 1.34 cells per microliter of blood × 1000), hemoglobin-Hb (15.25 ± 0.94 vs. 13.52 ± 1.46, grams per deciliter), red blood cells-RBC (7.26 ± 0.79 vs. 5.9 ± 0.61 cells per microliter of blood × 1000), mean corpuscular hemoglobin-MCH (23.64 ± 0.96 vs. 23.16 ± 0.83 picograms/cell), platelets-PLT (349.86 ± 51.05 vs. 277.57 ± 66 cells per microliter of blood × 1000), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-MCHC (35.83 ± 0.27 vs. 31.04 ± 0.48 grams per deciliter). A statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in values was noted only for after ligature removal and open flap debridement. Mean corpuscular volume-MCV values were significantly lower (65.99 ± 2.31 vs. 74.65 ± 2.85 femtoliter) following 1st ligature. Values returned to baseline after open flap debridement. Within its limits, the present data suggest that experimentally induced peri-implantitis affects CBC values. Following surgical treatment, CBC values returned to normal. Clinical relevance This is the first study suggesting possible relationships between peri-implantitis and CBC values. Future studies, confirming such correlation, may provide an insight into the importance of peri-implant maintenance and treatment to minimize supporting tissues disease and reduce systemic effects.

The Value of ABO Blood Group and Complete Blood Count for the Prognosis Analysis of Gastric Cancer Patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of ABO blood group and complete blood count results in predicting the survival rate of patients with gastric cancer.Patients and MethodsA retrospective study was conducted to collect 488 gastric cancer patients diagnosed in the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University from January 2010 to December 2011. Relevant clinical data were collected by the medical record system, and the patients were followed up by the medical record follow-up system of the hospital. The follow-up was ended until the death of the patients, and the survival time of all patients was obtained. Survival curve and Cox regression analysis model were used to study the role of various indicators in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.ResultsNeutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil monocyte ratio (NMR), lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in blood routine test could predict the death outcome of gastric cancer patients, with the predicted thresholds of 1.95, 13.49, 5.22 and 11.25, respectively. Survival curve analysis showed that female patients, type O blood patients, LMR >5.22 patients, NMR >13.49 patients and NLR ≤1.95 patients had longer survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis model showed that gender and NLR were independent prognosis risk factors for gastric cancer, with HR values of 2.964 (95% CI of 2.258–3.891) and 1.103 (95% CI of 1.028–1.183), respectively. PLT and PDW were independent prognosis protective factors for gastric cancer, with HR values of 0.998 (95% CI of 0.997–1.000) and 0.891 (95% CI of 0.797–0.996), respectively. Compared with type O blood patients, patients with type A blood, type B blood and type AB blood had 3.472 times (95% CI 2.562–4.706), 3.368 times (95% CI 2.454–4.624) and 4.407 times (95% CI 2.871–6.766) increased risk of death.ConclusionThe results of NLR, PLT, PDW and ABO blood group can help to predict the survival of gastric cancer patients.

Steady Augmentation of Anti-Osteoarthritic Actions of Rapamycin by Liposome-Encapsulation in Collaboration with Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound.

IntroductionRapamycin has been considered as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA). Drug carriers fabricated from liposomes can prolong the effects of drugs and reduce side effects of drugs. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been found to possess anti-OA effects.Materials and MethodsThe anti-osteoarthritic effects of liposome-encapsulated rapamycin (L-rapa) combined with LIPUS were examined by culture of normal and OA chondrocytes in alginate beads and further validated in OA prone Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs.ResultsL-rapa with LIPUS largely up-regulated aggrecan and type II collagen mRNA in human OA chondrocytes (HOACs). L-rapa with LIPUS caused significant enhancement in proteoglycan and type II collagen production in HOACs. Large decreases in both MMP-13 and IL-6 proteins were found in the HOACs exposed to L-rapa with LIPUS. Intra-articular injection of 40 μL L-rapa at both 5 μM and 50 μM twice a week combined with LIPUS thrice a week for 8 weeks significantly increased GAGs and type II collagen in the cartilage of knee. Results on OARSI score showed that intra-articular injection of 5 μM L-rapa with LIPUS displayed the greatest anti-OA effects. Immunohistochemistry revealed that L-rapa with or without LIPUS predominantly reduced MMP-13 in vivo. The values of complete blood count and serum biochemical examinations remained in the normal ranges after the injections with or without LIPUS. These data indicated that intra-articular injection of L-rapa collaborated with LIPUS is not only effective against OA but a safe OA therapy.ConclusionTaken together, L-rapa combined with LIPUS possessed the most consistently and effectively anabolic and anti-catabolic effects in HOACs and the spontaneous OA guinea pigs. This study evidently revealed that liposome-encapsulation collaborated with LIPUS is able to reduce the effective dose and administration frequency of rapamycin and further stably reinforce its therapeutic actions against OA.

Which Anti-Incontinence Surgery Option is Better in Patients Undergoing Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy? Burch Colposuspension or Transobturator Tape Procedure

ObjectivesStress urinary incontinence (SUI) surgery and hysterectomy are often performed in the same session. The aim of this study was to determine which urinary incontinence surgery would be a better option for patients who would undergo a hysterectomy for various indications. Study designThis retrospective study included 65 patients who had undergone total laparoscopic hysterectomy and anti-incontinence surgery (TOT or Burch).A retrospective chart review was performed to record the patient data including demographic features, duration of operations, postoperative complete blood count values and post-void residual urine volumes. ICIQ-UI and UDI-6 interrogations related to urinary incontinence were compared pre- and postoperatively between two groups. ResultsThere was no difference in demographic characteristics and menopausal status between groups. No significant difference was found between two groups in postoperative period for urinary incontinence scores (p>0,05). When the duration of operation was compared, the duration was significantly higher in the TOT group. And the hematocrit drop in the group with TOT was significantly higher (p<0.05). ConclusionsBecause the success rates of Burch colposuspension and transobturator procedures are similar, either of these two methods can be selected according to patient characteristics and surgeon experience. But Burch colposuspension seems to be more preferable in terms of blood loss and operation time than TOT.

ASSOCIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL COM MARCADORES DE ANEMIA FERROPRIVA EM PRÉ-ESCOLARES ATENDIDOS EM UMAESF DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP

Iron deficiency is the cause of 50% of anemia cases, being related to an unbalanced diet and nutrient malabsorption, affecting mainly children. The aim of the present study was to relate anthropometric measurements and markers of iron deficiency anemia in children attending a Family Health Strategy (FHS). Information was collected from medical records about breastfeeding, biochemical indicators of anemia and recent anthropometric measurements. Correlation analyzes were established between anthropometric measurements and blood count values, considering a level of statistical significance of p&lt;0.05. The results show that 27.27% are in anemia, and only 19.69% of the 66 children had iron and ferritin tests. There was no correlation between body mass indexand hemoglobin and hematocrit results. It was concluded that the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, identified by hemoglobin values, was low. However, there is a high occurrence of prophylactic supplementation without indication with ferrous sulfate, increasing the risk of excessive iron supplementation.

TEKRARLAYAN DÜŞÜK VE TAM KAN SAYIMI DEĞERLERİ ARASINDA HERHANGİ BİR İLİŞKİ VAR MI? BİR VAKA-KONTROL ÇALIŞMASI

Objective: It was aimed to examine the relationship of complete blood count values with recurrent miscarriage.Method: We carried out a case-control study of patients who had recurrent miscarriage between 2010-2018. Data were collected from 50 patients who were meeting the case group inclusion criteria, and age-matched healthy control group with at least one live birth who consisted of 60 women. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HTC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width (RDW) and plateletcrit count (PCT) were examined by complete blood count. SPSS 20.0.0 software was used for statistical analysis. P values &amp;lt;0.05 were regarded as statistically significant.Results: The mean age of the case group was 29.8±5.8 years, and the mean age of the control group was 28.7±5.2 years (p&amp;gt;0,05). MPV and RDW values and PCT calculations were significantly higher than healthy control group (p&amp;lt;0.05). MCHC levels of case group were lower than control group (p&amp;lt;0.05). There were no significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of RBC, HB, HCT, MCV, MCH, PLT, and PDW (p&amp;gt;0.05). Conclusion: Complete blood count parameters such as high MPV, RDW, PCT, and low MCHC could be considered as an important predictor of recurrent miscarriage. Our findings should be supported by further prospective studies involving a larger number of patients in order to clarify the relationship between these blood cell function markers and recurrent miscarriage.

Blood count to determine chronic inflammation severity in obese adolescents

Background Obesity is a growing public health problem of rapidly increasing prevalence in developing countries. Chronic low-grade inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Blood count values and ratios have been used as markers of inflammatory diseases. These parameters may be useful to determine the severity of chronic inflammation in obese children.&#x0D; Objective To determine if red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can be useful for determining the severity of chronic inflammation in obese children.&#x0D; Methods This observational, analytic study was conducted in obese adolescents aged 14-18 years at senior high schools in Manado, North Sulawesi, from July to September 2018. Students with congenital anomalies, autoimmune diseases, history of asthma, or malignancy were excluded. Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze for potential relationships between obesity and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).&#x0D; Results There was a negative relationship between obesity and MPV, but it was not statistically significant (r=-0.006; P=0.485). There were positive, but not significant relationships between obesity and RDW (r=0.139; P=0.192), NLR (r=0.155; P=0.166), PDW (r=0.02; P=0.45), and PLR (r=0.146; P=0.181).&#x0D; Conclusion The RDW, NLR, MPV, PDW, and PLR values are not significantly associated with severity of obesity in adolescents.&#x0D;

Complete blood count-based inflammatory score (CBCS) is a novel prognostic marker for gastric cancer patients after curative resection

BackgroundWe sought to investigate the prognostic value of complete blood count (CBC)-based biomarkers for patients with resectable gastric cancer (GC).MethodsPatients with GC who underwent primary surgical resection between December 2008 and December 2013 were included. The estimated area under the curve (AUC) and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify the best CBC-based biomarker. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (t-ROC) curve analysis was used to predict overall survival and compare the prognostic impact.ResultsIn the 1810 patients analyzed, the median follow-up period was 51.0 months (range 1–101 months). Based on multivariate analysis, the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) and hemoglobin (Hb) level were independent prognostic factors (both P < 0.05). Based on the LMR and Hb level, we established the CBC-based inflammatory score (CBCS). A higher CBCS was associated with older age, female sex, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, proximal tumor location, larger tumor size, later stage and vascular involvement (all P < 0.05). Univariate analyses showed that a higher CBCS was also associated with worse overall survival (OS), which was consistent in each stage (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the CBCS was a significant independent biomarker (P < 0.05). The AUC for the CBCS (0.627) was significantly higher than the AUCs for the LMR (0.573) and Hb level (0.605) (both P < 0.05). Furthermore, the t-ROC curve of the CBCS was superior to that of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CRP/Alb) throughout the observation period.ConclusionThe preoperative LMR and Hb level were optimal CBC-based biomarkers for predicting OS in GC patients after curative resection. Based on the LMR and Hb, we developed a novel and easily obtainable prognostic score called the CBCS, which may improve the prediction of clinical outcomes.

The evaluation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in anorectal abscess.

Anorectal abscess (ARA) is a commonly observed surgical situation. Our aim is to evaluate neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in ARA. From January 2014 to March 2019, patients diagnosed with ARA were retrospectively analysed, and a patient group was formed. Healthy individuals were included in this study as a control group. The demographic characteristics, completed blood count (CBC) and c-reactive protein (CRP) values of patients were analysed. Localisation of abscess in patients was assessed using computed tomography results. From CBC parameters, white blood count (WBC), NLR and PLR values were identified. The cut-off values for data, sensitivity and specificity were identified using the receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses. In the patient group, WBC, CRP, NLR and PLR values were identified to be statistically significantly increased (p<0.001). When supralevator abscess localisation was compared with other ARA localisations, there was a statistically significant difference for WBC (p=0.003), but no statistically significant differences were identified for CRP, NLR and PLR (p>0.05). ROC analysis found WBC had cut-off value of 9.99 103/μL for ARA diagnosis with 95% sensitivity and 95% specificity, a CRP had 2.5 mg/dL cut-off value with 88% sensitivity and 95% specificity, NLR had a cut-off of 3.96 with a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 95% and PLR had a cut-off value of 112.84 with a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 68%. We believe NLR may be used as a helpful diagnostic marker for ARA diagnosis; however, PLR has low sensitivity and specificity.

The value of blood parameters as a diagnostic biomarker for congenital sensorineural hearing loss

Blood parameters such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) have been used as systemic inflammation and infection indicators, recently. In this study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic value of blood parameters such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) for congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) and to investigate its relationship with disease severity. Fifty-three pediatric patients (29 males, 24 females; mean age 23.85 ± 5.35 months; distribution 12-35 months) diagnosed with CSNHL and 53 healthy individuals (32 males, 21 females; mean age 22.92 ± 6.10 months; distribution 12-35 months), were included in this retrospective study. NLR, PLR and MPV values of CSNHL and control groups were calculated and compared statistically. The correlation between blood count values and hearing loss degree was investigated in CSNHL group. NLR levels were significantly higher in the CSNHL group than in the control group. (Mean NLR: CSNHL group = 2.71 ± 1.11; Control group = 2.28 ± 0.99; p = 0.04). PLR levels were also significantly higher in the CSNHL group compared to the control group. (Mean PLR: CSNHL group = 139.19 ± 59.41; Control group = 111.89 ± 59.91; p = 0.02). There was no correlation between NLR and PLR values and hearing values. NLR and PLR values obtained by low-cost tests, which can be applied easily on patients with CSNHL, can be used as a new inflammatory biomarker. Further studies with larger patient series are needed to confirm these findings.

Evaluation of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte lymphocyte ratio for diagnosis of testicular torsion

Objective: To explore the value of complete blood count (CBC), including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in diagnosis of testicular torsion (TT) and differential diagnosis from epididymo-orchitis. Methods: The study was conducted at the Antalya Training and Research Hospital Emergency Department in Turkey with acute scrotal pain patients from January 1st, 2016 to January 1st, 2018. The patients were categorized into 3 groups: the TT group who underwent an operation for TT (n=70), the epididymo-orchitis group who received epididymo-orchitis treatment (n=120), and the healthy control group (n=100). NLR, PLR, and MLR of the three groups were analysed and compared. The optimum cut-off values of NLR, MLR, and PLR were analyzed. Results: Mean NLR and MLR values were significantly higher in the epididymo-orchitis group and the TT group compared to the control group (P Conclusions: NLR, PLR, and MLR might be associated with the diagnosis of TT. These parameters provide a useful and economical method to help diagnose TT in the emergency department.

Impact of Nutritional Status and Vitamin D Levels in Children with Febrile Seizure from a Suburban Tertiary Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India

Introduction: Febrile seizure is one of the most common paediatric emergencies encountered in a paediatric practice. There have been studies done with regards to iron deficiency anaemia and family history and chances of a child developing febrile seizure. Many studies state that vitamin D has a role in development of brain and seizure activity. Aim: To find the association between Vitamin D levels and febrile seizures in children and assessing the nutritional status of children with febrile seizures. Materials and Methods: Fifty consecutive children (developmentally normal), between ages of 9-60 months, presenting with febrile seizures to the Paediatric Department, from February 2019 to January 2020, were enrolled. Antenatal history regarding birth order, maternal weight gain, antenatal check-ups, antenatal supplements and medical problems in mother if any, were noted. Birth history, birth weight, breast feeding, complimentary feeding and present diet history were noted. The height and weight were documented. Skin colour was noted based on Fitzpatrick scale. Vitamin D levels were classified as deficient if blood levels were &lt;10 IU; insufficient if between 10-30 IU and sufficient, if the levels were &gt;30 IU. Collected data were analysed and compared using Sigma Plot 13 and Chi-square test was done and a p-value &lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency was prevalent in 68% of children. The dark skin, reduced time spent outdoors, clothing habits and diet and antenatal factors contribute to this vitamin D insufficiency. A 58% of children had Height for Age Z (HAZ) score less than -1SD and 62% of children had Weight for Age Z (WAZ) score less than -1SD. On correlating the Complete Blood Count (CBC) values with iron deficiency, it was found that 56% of children with febrile seizure had anaemia based on Red-cell Distribution Width (RDW) value &gt;14.5. Febrile seizure was less common in summer (16%). Conclusion: A 68% of children had vitamin D insufficiency. A 56% of children had low iron based on RDW. The nutritional status of children was poor as assessed by HAZ and WAZ scores.

The pattern of iron deficiency with and without anemia among medical college girl students in high altitude southern Saudi Arabia.

Introduction:The prevalence of iron deficiency, latent and symptomatic, is heterogeneous worldwide. In this study, we aim to explore the prevalence of iron deficiency, with and without anemia, among medical college females at the high Altitude Aseer region of Southwestern Saudi Arabia.Methodology:200 female medical students were randomly sampled, between the ages of 19 and 27 years. Blood samples were collected for complete blood count (CBC) values and serum ferritin determination. Questionnaires were completed in order to collect demographics, medical history, and socioeconomic information of the participants.Results:Prevalence of overall iron deficiency was high (63%, serum ferritin <20 μg/L, 52.5%, ferritin <15 μg/L). Anemia, adjusted for high altitude (defined as less than 13 g/dL was present in 41 participants (20.5%) and 12 (6.5%) have Hb <12 g/dL. Iron-deficiency anemia (Hb <13 g/dL and serum ferritin <15 μg/L) was present in 35 (17.5%). Personal and family history of anemia and poor animal product containing meals were positively correlated with the presence of iron deficiency state. Neither symptoms of anemia, nor the presence of menorrhagia correlate with the presence of iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion:Iron deficiency with and without anemia is a very common and condition in young females’ population at high altitude. Implementing a lab method to screen for anemia on vulnerable populations is needed. Frequently asymptomatic, the primary care providers should maintain a high degree of suspicion in order to initiate screening for iron status.

Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We aimed to evaluate the complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients attending clinic at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu. A total of 90 confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients consisting of male (n = 38) and female (n = 52), aged 15 to 60 years attending clinic participated in this study. CBC and ESR were analysed using Haematological Auto Analyzer and Westergren method respectively. Haemoglobin and haematocrit values across the three age groups (15-30, 31-45, 46-60 years) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control value in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil values across the three were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control values in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was observed more in females than the males and was relatively higher in older patients (above 46 years) than younger patients (below 46 years). This study was able to show that different haematological parameters such as haemoglobin, haematocrit, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil could serve as hallmark and help in early diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.

Evaluation of symptomatological and hematological aspects of patients with dizziness in a sample of 774 subjects

Aim: To evaluate the hematologic parameters and subgroups that may be useful in the treatment approach of patients presenting with dizziness, together with their symptomatological features. Methods: 744 participants between the ages of 20-80 were included in this study. The participants were randomly divided into six groups. Participants' gender, educational levels, ages, comorbidities, symptomatological evaluations, complete blood count values, levels of the main electrolytes, kidney function tests, liver function tests, B12 vitamin level and ferritin and thyroid gland function values were investigated. Results: There were statistically significant differences between some age groups in terms of white blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, neutrophil, glucose, sT4, Na, K, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine levels. Study participants described their current dizziness as a feeling of shaking in their heads (5.4%), as if their surroundings are spinning around them (31.2%), imbalance and feeling dizzy (42%), blackening of eyes (1.1%), and as if they were turning and turning around them (20.4%). One hundred and four of 744 patients were diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). At least one additional disease was detected in 392 (52.7%) of the participants. Conclusion: Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms that should be considered more frequently because it causes a decrease in labor force and impacts significantly on quality of life in the affected individuals. Symptomatological and hematological evaluations are very effective on the treatment approach as well as supporting the diagnosis.

Diagnostic Values of Blood Count Values and Ratios in Distinguishing between Peptic Ulcer Bleeding and Esophagogastric Variceal Bleeding.

To investigate the diagnostic values of blood count values and ratios in distinguishing between peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) and esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB). Due to acute hematemesis and or melaena, 57 patients diagnosed with PUB (PUB group) and 33 cases with EGVB (EGVB group) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The levels of peripheral blood leukocyte counts (leukocyte), neutrophil counts (neutrophil), lymphocyte counts (lymphocyte), platelet counts (platelet), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were recorded and compared between the two groups. Student's t-test of independent samples was adopted for comparing the mean between the two groups. Model discrimination was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Comparison of AUC was performed using the Z-test. The levels of leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, and PLR were significantly increased in PUB group compared with EGVB group (all p < 0.05), while there was no significant statistical difference of NLR (p > 0.05); moreover, AUCs in distinguishing PUB from EGVB were 0.859, 0.811, 0.760, 0.952, and 0.687 for leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, and PLR, respectively, and significant differences were observed between platelet and any parameter of the rest (all p < 0.05); finally, the cutoff values were 8 x 109/L in distinguishing between PUB and EGVB (specificity 78.95%, sensitivity 87.88%, and Youden index 0.668) for leukocyte, 5.3 x 109/L (specificity 70.18%, sensitivity 81.82%, and Youden index 0.520) for neutrophil, 1.2 x 109/L (specificity 84.21%, sensitivity 60.61%, and Youden index 0.448) for lymphocyte, 131 x 109/L (specificity 92.98%, sensitivity 90.91%, and Youden index 0.839) for platelet, and 88 (specificity 70.18%, sensitivity 63.64%, and Youden index 0.338) for PLR. Leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet and PLR are useful and potential biomarkers in distinguishing between PUB and EGVB; moreover, platelet can demonstrate more accurate and reliable diagnostic value.

Rescue treatment with eltrombopag in refractory cytopenias after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Background:Patients with post-transplant cytopenias due to poor graft function or primary engraftment failure show poor prognosis with a high mortality rate mainly because of graft versus host disease (GVHD), infection and/or bleeding. Treatment options are scarce and a CD34+ stem cell boost or a second bone marrow transplantation may be required to restore adequate haematopoiesis.Methods:In the present study patients with primary engraftment failure (n = 1) and refractory poor graft function (n = 11) were treated with eltrombopag in a single centre. The reason for eltrombopag treatment was trilineage cytopenia in six patients, bilineage cytopenia in three patients and single lineage cytopenia in three patients. Eltrombopag was initiated at a median of 214 (range: 120–877) days after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST) and administered for a median time of 114 (range: 12 days to >490) days. In 8/12 patients eltrombopag was introduced at a dose of 75 mg/day and then increased to 150 mg/day after 1 week; 1 patient was given 50 mg eltrombopag per day, and 3 patients received 75 mg daily.Results:In 10/12 patients eltrombopag significantly enhanced blood count values and patients became transfusion independent. Once stable haematological response was obtained, treatment was tapered until final discontinuation in 9/10 responding patients. No grade 3 or 4 toxicities were observed. At time of last follow up, 3/12 patients were dead, 2 due to disease relapse, 1 due to GVHD and pneumonia. All patients except one maintained their complete response and remain transfusion independent at a median of 858 (range: 429–1119) days.Conclusion:These preliminary data confirm that eltrombopag is able to rescue multilineage haematopoiesis in patients with treatment-refractory cytopenias after allogeneic HSCT.

Preliminary evaluation of complete blood count and diurnal variation of hematological parameters in black rat snake (Pantherophis obsoletus)

Introduction. The purposes of this study were to determine the presence of daily variations in hematological parameters of the black rat snake (Pantherophis obsoletus) and to compare them with the reference interval values of its subspecies, yellow rat snake (Pantherophis obsoleta quadrivittata). Materials and Methods. Blood from four black rat snakes was collected in the morning and in the evening, and after each collection, blood smears, packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC) and hemoglobin concentration (HGB) were determined, while erythrocyte indices of mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were calculated and differential leukocyte counts were evaluated. Results and Conclusions. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the blood parameters in the morning and in the evening. Most of the complete blood count values in the black rat snakes were lower, but still within the reference range of those found in the literature for the yellow rat snake. The results of hematological parameters of the black rat snake could be beneficial for further research of physiological and pathological variations in complete blood count of these snakes, for diagnosing health conditions and for detecting various diseases.

Myocardial Repolarization Parameters and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio are Associated with Cardiotoxicity in Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

The present study aims to examine the clinical values of complete blood count (CBC) bioindicators and corrected QT (QTc), Tpeak - Tend interval (Tp-e), Tpeak dispersion (Tp disp), and Tp-e/QT ratio that are the parameters of myocardial repolarization (M-rep) for cardiotoxicity, which develops due to acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication in patients admitted to the emergency service. This retrospective, cross-sectional, observational, and single-center study was conducted between April and June 2019. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 23.0 software. Data of 234 participants were analyzed. Of these, 54.9% (n = 129) were female. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), QTc, Tp-e values were significantly high in the CO intoxication group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas Tp-e/QTc ratio was significantly lower in the CO intoxication group than that in the control group (p < 0.001). NLR, Tp-e, Tp disp values were significantly high in the myocardial injury (M-inj) group (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, and p = 0.018, respectively). Furthermore, Tp-e/QTc ratio was significantly low in the M-inj group (p = 0.002). M-rep parameters and NLR are associated with CO intoxication and the development of M-inj. Moreover, these bioindicators and can provide clinicians an early indication of M-inj.

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in alcohol use disorder

ABSTRACTLymphocyte-related parameters in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) have recently been investigated. However, knowledge of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in AUD is limited. In this study, we compared complete blood count values of 31 AUD male patients and 31 healthy male controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of PLR (p = .123). When the age was controlled, there was a negative correlation between the duration of alcohol use and PLR (r = −0.567; p = .005). The significance of the parameters in the AUD group was found to be related to the duration of alcohol use.