In recent years, phloem structure and development in vascular cryptogams have received much attention. Among the genera that have been studied are: Selaginella (Burr & Evert, 1973), Polypodium (Evert & Eichhorn, 1973), Isoetes (Kruatrachue & Evert, 1974), Microsorium and Psilotum (Sakai & Lamoureux, 1973), Cyathea and Pteris (Shah & Fotedar, 1974 a, b), and Lycopodium (Warmbrodt & Evert, 1974). Indian vascular cryptogams have received scant attention in this regard and require investigation.