Black Tattoo Research Articles

Insights into hair dye use and self-reported adverse skin reactions in the Dutch general population: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study.

Hair dyes are widely used in daily life. However, data on self-reported adverse skin reactions are scarce. To estimate the proportion of lifetime hair dye use and self-reported adverse skin reactions in the Dutch general population, and to investigate the association between (adverse skin reactions to) hair dye use and contact allergy-related factors. This cross-sectional study collected questionnaire-derived data from the Lifelines cohort. Logistic regression analyses were conducted between (adverse skin reactions to) hair dye use and black henna tattoo use, reactions to henna tattoos, patch testing, hand eczema and an occupation as hairdresser or beautician. The proportion of hair dye use was 63.1% of 70 987 participants, of which 6.8% experienced adverse skin reactions, mostly mild (77.7%). Hair dye users and those with skin reactions were both positively associated (p < 0.05) with female sex, middle-age, (positive) patch test results and hairdresser or beautician occupations. Hair dye users were more likely to have had henna tattoos, and those with reactions to hair dye were more likely to have had reactions to henna tattoos. Hair dye use is prevalent among the Dutch general population and frequently causes adverse skin reactions, especially in females who had black henna tattoos.

Removal of black tattoos by Picosecond Q-switched Nd-YAG laser in the middle eastern skin type IV: prospective study

Tattoo removal is considered a challenging field in cosmetic dermatology. Picosecond Q-switched Nd-YAG lasers targeting unique chromophores effectively manage this condition without serious complications. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Picosecond Q-switched Nd-YAG laser in the treatment of black tattoos in the skin of middle eastern mostly skin type IV. The study was carried out on 20 patients with skin type IV the most common in middle eastern area with professional black tattoos. They were treated by Picosecond Nd-YAG laser (2 sessions 8 weeks apart). The percentage of improvement ranged from 20.0 to 95.0 (with a mean of 61 ± 24.6). 8 patients (40%) showed excellent improvement, 4 patients (20%) showed marked improvement, 4 patients (20%) showed moderate improvement, and 4 patients (20%) showed mild improvement. No severe side effects were detected. Picosecond Nd-YAG laser was an effective and safe technique in the treatment of professional black tattoos; with only 2 sessions most patients reached excellent to moderate response with minimal side effects.

On the forensic relevance of tattoos: distinguishing black inks with energy dispersive spectroscopy and backscattered scanning electron microscopy.

This study aimed to analyze black tattoo inks by means of energy dispersive spectroscopy and backscattered scanning electron microscopy. The sample consisted of five types of commercial tattoo pigments of the black colour (Easy Glow™, Electric Ink™, Iron Works™, Master Ink™, and Viper™). An Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) detector (Silicon Drift Detector - SDD - type) attached to a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) device (Tescan Vega3 LMU, Libusina, Czech Republic) was used. X-ray characteristic signs were detected for each tattoo ink in an interval between 0 and 2.5keV. The electron acceleration potential in the microscope was 15keV. Two regions were analyzed for each sample (n = 10). On each region, a micrography of backscattered electrons (BSE) was obtained. Means and standard deviations (SD) of the weight percentages (Wt%) were calculated. C and O were predominant, with a mean O/C ratio between 2.69 and 2.74 Wt%. Electric Ink and Master Ink were the most similar pigments, while Easy Glow was the most distinctive - with agglomerates of Al that had a concentration 25 × higher than other specimens. Other compounds detected in the sample were Cl and Cu. EDS and SEM were efficient to distinguish black tattoo inks. These are our preliminary outcomes on the use of EDS and SEM to analyze black tattoo inks. Thus, careful interpretation is necessary to avoid rash applications in human identification practice.

Wound treatment Q-switched Nd: YAG Laser tattoo removal rat model by Photobiomodulation Therapy PBMT

The Q-switched laser method is the most effective method of tattoo removal compared to other methods of i.e. chemical, mechanical and surgical. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Nd:YAG laser to remove the tattoo and also to utilize 808 nm diode laser to enhance the wound healing at post-treatment. Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm is applied to remove tattoo pigment with different energy fluencies. Additionally, 808 nm diode laser will be applied on wound created after tattoo removal to enhance the healing process. More than 15 Sprague Dawley rats will be involved and tattooed with black inks on their back by a tattoo gun. A single session treatment is use in the energy about 400mj for tattoo removal. The exposure to diode laser treatment will be conducted daily. The experimental observation will be hold for 9 days, and 5 rats from each group will be sacrificed on day 3, 6 and 9 respectively. The skin biopsy will be removed for H&amp;E and Masson’s trichrome histology examination. The effect of tattoo removal and healing progress of skin analyzed via photothermal.. The preliminary findings of this study indicate that 1064 nm wavelengths of Q-switched Nd-YAG laser treatment with 400mj pulse energy exhibit significant progress of black tattoo removal.

Occurrence and Regulatory Evaluation of Contaminants in Tattoo Inks

Tattooing has been an enduring form of body art since ancient times, but it carries inherent health risks, primarily due to the complex composition of tattoo inks. These inks consist of complex mixtures of various ingredients, including pigments, solvents, impurities and contaminants. This literature review aims to shed light on the organic and inorganic contaminants present in tattoo inks prior to the implementation of the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation in 2022. This review shows that the most common contaminants are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with a concentration range of 0.005–201 mg/kg, mainly detected in black tattoo inks, and primary aromatic amines (PAAs), with a concentration range of 0.5–1100 mg/kg, and heavy metals such as lead (0.01–14.0 mg/kg) and chromium(VI) (0.16–4.09 mg/kg) which are detected in almost all tattoo inks. When compared to the new concentration limits outlined in REACH, it is clear that a significant part of these contaminants would be considered non-compliant. However, the results of the review are limited due to the lack of quantitative data on contaminants in tattoo inks. In addition, the future implementation of REACH is expected to lead to changes in the composition of tattoo inks, which will affect the presence of contaminants.

Quantification of carbon black tattoo ink hydrophobicity pre- and post-sonication

Abstract Despite growing academic interest for dermal inking in contemporary society, the reason why skin tattoos remain visible for life has predominantly been studied from a biological perspective. In preliminary physics studies of ink it has been presumed that the hydrophobicity of its main constituent prevents further dilution of pigment dispersion and therefore may be a contributing factor to aforementioned lifelongevity. According to these early studies, ultrasound might change the hydrophobicity of microparticles. The purpose of this study was to confirm or refute the presence of hydrophobic components in carbon black tattoo ink and to relate sonication to such presence. Cuvettes with n-octanol, distilled water, and a droplet of unsonicated or sonicated carbon black ink were shaken, allowed to settle and subsequently photographed. The sonicated ink had been subjected to ultrasound during 5 min at a centre frequency of 1 MHz, a pulse-repetition frequency of 1 kHz, and a 10% duty cycle. The greyscale values in both parts of the cuvettes were averaged. The resulting ratio of light intensities was an indicator for the ink hydrophobicity. The intensity partition coefficient of carbon black ink was measured to be greater than 103 before sonication and less than 103 after sonication. Carbon black tattoo ink was found to be very hydrophobic. However, sonication was found to make the dispersion less hydrophobic. Influencing the hydrophobicity of tattoo ink might change the permanence of a skin tattoo.

Comprehensive examination of tattoo removal using a 150 ps Nd:YAG laser in a porcine model

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 150 ps at different laser parameters. The effects on multiple-colored tattoos with such ultrashort pulses has not been previously described in the literature. In vivo experiments were conducted on porcine skin to analyze the fragmentation efficiency of five different tattoo colors using different wavelengths, pulse energies, and spot sizes. The results showed that the optimal tattoo clearance to safety ratio for blue, green, red, and yellow tattoos with a 532 nm wavelength was 0.96–2.39 J/cm2. The laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm demonstrated the highest efficacy in eliminating black tattoos, with positive results observed for green and blue pigments at a fluence of 3.02 J/cm2. The study provides valuable insights into the efficacy of laser treatment with 150 ps for removing tattoos of different colors using different laser parameters. This information can help dermatologists and practitioners perform more efficient and effective tattoo removal with fewer side effects.

Black Henna Temporary Tattoo: A Case of Sometimes Debilitating Dermatological Complication

In Africa, henna tattooing is generally practiced on the hands and feet during ceremonies such as weddings and baptisms. Many allergic reactions including allergic contact dermatitis have been described, not directly linked to pure henna, but especially to the addition of para-phenylenediamine. We report the case of a 35-year-old female patient who presented with allergic contact dermatitis following the application of a black henna tattoo. A 35-year-old woman presented with very itchy vesiculobullous lesions on the backs of the hands and forearms with a burning sensation 48 hours after the application of a black henna tattoo containing paraphenylenediamine (PPD) vesiculo-bullous, edematous lesions which sat at the tattoo site and exactly followed the initial design on the hands and forearms. The diagnosis retained was contact dermatitis allergic to black henna. Black henna tattooing is an ancient practice, responsible for a large number of allergic contact dermatitis due to the various products mixed with henna. It is therefore important that there be information, especially among young people, about the skin risks of this practice.

Benzo(ghi)perylene (BgP) a black tattoo ingredient induced skin toxicity via direct and indirect mode of DNA damage under UVA irradiation

Tattooing is a very common fashion trend across all the ages and gender of the society worldwide. Although skin inflammatory diseases are very frequent among tattoo users because of the active chemical ingredients used in tattoo ink, yet no ingredient-specific toxicity study has been performed. Benzo(ghi)perylene (BgP) is one of the PAHs and an important ingredient of black tattoo ink that shows strong absorption in UVA and UVB radiation of sunlight. Therefore, understanding the hazardous potential of BgP especially under UVA exposure is important for the safety of skin of tattoo users by considering the fact that penetration of UVA is in the dermis region where tattoo ingredients reside. To evaluate the hazardous potential of BgP on human skin under UVA exposure, different experimental tools i.e., in-chemico, in-silico and in-vitro were utilized. Our results illustrated that BgP photosensitized under UVA (1.5 mW/cm2) irradiation shows a degradation pattern till 4 h exposure. Photosensitized BgP reduced significant cell viability (%) at 1 μg/ml concentration. However, the pretreatment of singlet and hydroxyl radical quenchers, restoration of cell viability observed, confirmed the role of type-I and type-II photodynamic reactions in phototoxicity of BgP. Further, intracellular uptake of BgP in HaCaT cells was estimated and confirmed by UHPLC analysis. Molecular docking of BgP with DNA and formation of γ-H2AX foci demonstrated the DNA intercalation and double-stranded DNA damaging potential of BgP. Furthermore, acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining showed apoptotic cell death via photosensitized BgP under UVA irradiation. The above findings suggest that BgP reached the human skin cell and induced dermal toxicity via direct and indirect mode of DNA damage under UVA exposure finally promoting the skin cell death. Thus, BgP-containing tattoo ink may be hazardous and may induce skin damage and diseases, especially in presence of UVA radiation of sunlight. To minimize the risk of skin diseases from synthetic ingredients in tattoo ink, the study highlights the importance of developing eco-friendly and skin-friendly tattoo ingredients by companies.

Granulomatous tattoo reaction treated with topical allopurinol.

Granulomatous reactions to tattoo ink have been frequently associated with exogenous pigment, although sometimes they are the manifestation of a cutaneous or an underlying systemic sarcoidosis. We report a case of a granulomatous reaction to a black tattoo pigment treated with 3% topical allopurinol for three months. We observed complete resolution without any side effects. Complementary examinations and follow-up ruled out sarcoidosis. Oral allopurinol has been proven to be effective for the management of granulomatous reactions to tattoos. Based on the significant improvement we have described in our patient, we recommend new studies to reveal all the potential benefits of the topical use of allopurinol for the treatment of granulomatous reactions to tattoo ink.

Comparison of a single treatment with a Q-switched ruby laser and a Q-switched Nd:YAG neodymium laser for blue and black tattoo removal

BACKGROUND: Black and blue tattoo pigment are the most commonly used colors and can be injected at different depths. The effectiveness of tattoo removal is related to the selected wavelength, type of laser, energy parameters, number of procedures performed. Q-switched (QS) ruby and neodymium (Nd:YAG) lasers are most effective in removing blue and black tattoos due to their high peak power and ability to break the pigment into small particles that are absorbed by the macrophage system. In the literature available to us, it was not possible to find data on comparative efficacy and adverse events in their application.&#x0D; AIM: comparison of single treatment of blue and black tattoos with QS ruby laser (wavelength 694 nm) and neodymium Nd:YAG laser (wavelength 1064 nm).&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: 35 patients with blue and black tattoos were included in our study. The tattoos were divided into two parts or two adjacent tattoos were used on the same part of the body with the same density and color of the tattoo pigment; one side was treated with a ruby laser and the other with a neodymium laser. The comparison took into account the instantaneous reaction, the result of processing and side effects. Statistical significance was set at a power level 0.05.&#x0D; RESULTS: Edema and erythema were more common immediately after ruby laser treatment (power 0.05). The neodymium QS laser lightened tattoos better than the ruby QS laser after a single treatment (0.05 power). There was no difference in side effects between the two types of lasers.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: Neodymium Nd:YAG QS laser shows more efficiency and fewer procedures when removing blue and black tattoos. The instantaneous reaction after treatment with this type of laser is less pronounced than after the ruby laser.

Tattoo Pigments Are Localized Intracellularly in the Epidermis and Dermis of Fresh and Old Tattoos: In vivo Study Using Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging

Background: The knowledge about the location and kinetics of tattoo pigments in human skin after application and during the recovery is restricted due to the limitation of in vivo methods for visualizing pigments. Here, the localization and distribution of tattoo ink pigments in freshly and old tattooed human skin during the regeneration of the epidermis and dermis were investigated in vivo. Methods: Two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime imaging (TPE-FLIM) was used to identify tattoo ink pigments in human skin in vivo down to the reticular dermis. One subject with a freshly applied tattoo and 10 subjects with tattoos applied over 3 years ago were investigated in the epidermal and dermal layers in vivo. One histological slide of tattooed skin was used to localize skin-resident tattoo pigment using light microscopy. Results: The carbon black particles deposited around the incision have still been visible 84 days after tattoo application, showing delayed recovery of the epidermis. The TPE-FLIM parameters of carbon black tattoo ink pigments were found to be different to all skin components except for melanin. Distinction from melanin in the skin was based on higher fluorescence intensity and agglomerate size. Using TPE-FLIM in vivo tattoo pigment was found in 75% of tattoos applied up to 9 years ago in the epidermis within keratinocytes, dendritic cells, and basal cells and in the dermis within the macrophages, mast cells, and fibroblasts. Loading of highly fluorescent carbon black particles enables in vivo imaging of dendritic cells in the epidermis and fibroblasts in the dermis, which cannot be visualized in native conditions. The collagen I structures showed a higher directionality similar to scar tissue resulting in a greater firmness and decreased elasticity of the tattooed skin. Conclusions: Here, we show the kinetics and location of carbon black tattoo ink pigment immediately after application for the first time in vivo in human skin. Carbon black particles are located exclusively intracellularly in the skin of fresh and old tattoos. They are found within macrophages, mast cells, and fibroblasts in the dermis and within keratinocytes, dendritic cells, and basal cells in the continuously renewed epidermis even in 9-year-old tattoos in skin showing no inflammation.

Lymphatic Alterations Under Tattoos: Preliminary Reports of One Observational Study.

The number of people within the European population having at least one tattoo has increased notably and with it the number of tattoo-associated clinical complications. The injected inks are known to be removed by the lymphatic vessels and can be found in the draining lymph nodes. To report our observations on the lymphatic drainages seen under tattoos using near infrared fluorescence imaging of these lymphatic vessels after the injection of indocyanine green. Indocyanine green was injected intradermally at the basis of the 20 tattooed area(s) in 19 subjects (nine women and ten men; mean age = 28.6). Ten subjects had only black tattoos (six upper limbs and four lower limbs), five (two upper limbs and three lower limbs) black and white tattoos and five multi-colored tattooed limbs (four lower limbs and one upper limb). The imaging exams revealed alterations in eight individuals, seven of whom had tattoos on their lower limbs. Furthermore, the imaging results showed that the abnormalities might be related to the tattooed limb, the tattoo extent and colour. Alterations of the cutaneous lymphatic channels are frequently observed under tattooed territories. Their causal factors should be more precisely studied in future works and these lymphatic alterations should be considered in tattooed patients when using similar imaging techniques for therapeutic and surgical assessments.

A STUDY TO EVALUATE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF Q SWITCHED ND:YAG LASER IN AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL TATTOO REMOVAL

Introduction: Tattooing has gain popularity since ancient time and has become increasingly popular, particularly among young people. Advances in Laser and Light based technology have revolutionized tattoo removal, using various wavelength to target various tattoo color pigments and lesser complications. The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is considered the standard device of choice for laser tattoo removal. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Q switched ND YAG laser in amateur and professional tattoo removal. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, interventional single centre study carried out in dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in western India. Total 44 patients over the period of 18 months with red, green, blue or black colour tattoo according to inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Results: Most common age group in our study was 21-30 years (61.4%). Amateur tattoo 34 (77.3%) were much more than professional tattoo 10 (22.7%). Blue-black tattoo (93.2%) was more common than red-green (6.8%) colour tattoo. Most common reason for tattoo removal was found to be Army/ Police recruitment in 31 (70.5%) patients. In amateur tattoo at end of 10th session 93.34% had excellent to clear response while in professional tattoo it was only 20%. Conclusion: Amateur tattoos generally require six or more sessions and professional tattoos may need ten or more sessions.

Melanoma on tattoos: a case study and review of the literature

Decorative tattooing is a very widespread and constantly increasing practice, especially among young people. Here, we report a case study of melanoma occurring on a tattoo on the left arm and provide an overview of all cases reported so far. A systematic literature search of publications was conducted from inception to September 2021 via Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Google Scholar, in order to identify all cases of primitive melanomas arising on tattoos. In total, 35 cases (32 males, three females) of melanoma arising on tattoos on skin were identified. Interestingly, most melanomas occurred on dark blue (10/35), black (12/35) or blue tattoos (3/35). Due to the low number of melanoma cases arising on tattoos, it is not possible to confirm whether tattoos play a cancerogenic role. However, tattooing may make it more difficult to detect and monitor pigmented lesions, potentially delaying the diagnosis of cutaneous malignancies. Patients at high risk of melanoma should be warned about the risks associated with such procedures.

Clinicodermoscopic and immunopathological profile of non-infectious non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions: A retrospective study from a tertiary care centre of East India.

Introduction Tattoo-associated complications are on the rise due to the popularity of decorative tattoos in recent years. The exact pathogeneses of various tattoo reaction patterns are still unclear, and their dermoscopic details are sparsely reported. Aim We aimed to retrospectively study the clinical, dermoscopic and immunopathological details of patients with non-infectious, non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reaction patterns in a tertiary care centre of East India. Method The clinical, dermoscopic and pathological details of all the patients who had non-infectious, non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions were collected. In all the cases, immunohistochemistry was done for CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD20 and CD56. Results A total of five patients of skin phototypes IV and V and six tattoo reactions were analysed. Five lesions had reactions at the site of a black tattoo, and one at the site of red tattoo. Clinically, the patients presented with erythematous or blue-grey flat-topped to verrucous papules and plaques. Dermoscopic features were dominated by a central white to pink-white structureless area, a peripheral grey-white to bluish-white structureless area, white scales, comedo-like opening with keratotic plugging, milia-like cysts and shiny white structures. Pathologically, except for one lesion that only showed a lichenoid reaction pattern in the red tattoo, all had a combination of reaction patterns. Immunohistochemistry showed increased epidermal and dermal Langerhans cells, predominantly CD8 positive T cells in the epidermis and dermis, sparse dermal B cells and CD4 positive T cells, reduced T regulatory cells and a complete absence of CD56 positive NK cells. Limitations Small sample size was the limitation of the study. Conclusion The clinical morphology and dermoscopy may not differentiate between various types of non-infectious non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions. The immunological profile supports a delayed hypersensitivity reaction due to contact sensitisation to tattoo pigment, and CD8 positive T cells play a central role in executing various pathological reaction patterns, both in the epidermis and dermis.

The influence of social media on patients' perception of aesthetic treatment outcome. Satisfaction with tattoo removal: A model.

The level of patient satisfaction following tattoo removal often varies and frequently diverge from clinical objectivity. This study assesses how much social media can influence patient satisfaction after picosecond laser (PSL) tattoo removal, in light of the growing influence they have on consumers. Twenty-seven patients were treated with PSL for removal of professional black tattoo. Two groups of patients were identified: those who were already being treated at our institute or had been referred by other physicians (group 1) and those who found us through social media (group 2). Clinical improvement was evaluated 8 weeks after the final laser session and patients' satisfaction was assessed. In both groups, clinical results were homogeneous; however, Group 2 patients' subjective Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores were lower than those reported by clinicians (p=0.035), while Group 1 was globally more satisfied (p<0.001). We can affirm that the influence of social media on the perceptions and expectations of patients can affect their level of satisfaction. Particularly for people who are influenced by social media, it is essential to provide explanations prior to laser treatments, in order to clarify what may actually be expected from laser sources.

Outcomes of 1064-nm picosecond laser alone and in combination with fractional 1064-nm picosecond laser in tattoo removal.

Removal of the unwanted tattoo was initially focused treatment of picosecond laser in the setting of the unfractionated beam, whereas the fractionated 1064-nm picosecond lasers (Fr-Pico) has been successfully utilized in various skin conditions, including scar and benign pigmented lesions. However, no studies compared the combination of Fr-Pico and unfractional 1064-nm picosecond laser (UFr-Pico) and UFr-Pico alone in tattoo removal. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of the combination of Fr-Pico and UFr-Pico and the UFr-Pico and in tattoo removal. Nineteen black tattoos in 11 patients were treated with UFr-Pico on one half and in combination with Fr-Pico on another half over three sessions with 4-week intervals and 4-week follow-up after the last session. Treatment efficacy was assessed using digital photographs, skin imaging analysis, and patient satisfaction. After three treatments, tattoo clearance scores revealed that greater than 50% clearance was achieved in 11 (84.6%) tattoos treated with combination side and 9 (69.2%) tattoos with UFr-Pico alone. Significant differences were observed between the groups at 8 and 12weeks. Skin textural changes also demonstrated significant improvements in the combination side at Week 12. Adverse events, such as blistering and textural changes, were fewer in the combination side. The combination of 1064nm Fr-Pico and UFr-Pico may be more effective and safer in tattoo removal than UFr-Pico alone.

Tatouage scléral : une mode émergente dangereuse

Tattooing of the glove is an old practice used 2000 years ago on the cornea to improve the appearance of unsightly corneal scars. Since 2007, tattoo artists have been performing scleral tattoos, also called "eyeball tattoos," despite the risks involved and the disapproval of health authorities and the medical community. We report the case of a 30-year-old man with bilateral black ink scleral tattoos who came to our ophthalmologic emergency service with episcleral nodules, which had appeared at the ink injection sites. The clinical course stabilized with topical anti-inflammatory treatment. Similar cases have been reported in the literature, in one of which the patient underwent surgical excision of a similar lesion. Histological analysis showed a lympho-histiocytic reaction without any signs of malignancy. To date, 20 cases of scleral tattoos have been reported in the international literature, often with severe complications. We see, on the one hand, complications related to perforating trauma, and on the other hand, acute and chronic complications inherent to the products used. Scleral tattooing is gaining popularity around the world despite significant risk exposure, including traumatic, inflammatory, immune, infectious and probably long-term neoplastic consequences. Ophthalmologists must be aware of this practice and its consequences in order to make the most appropriate therapeutic decisions.

Allergic contact dermatitis associated with benzophenone sensitization after a recent black ink tattoo.

Contact DermatitisVolume 86, Issue 6 p. 549-551 CONTACT POINT Allergic contact dermatitis associated with benzophenone sensitization after a recent black ink tattoo Aikaterini Tsiogka, Aikaterini Tsiogka orcid.org/0000-0002-6853-9788 Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (equal)Search for more papers by this authorKonstantinos Liopyris, Konstantinos Liopyris Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (equal)Search for more papers by this authorStamatios Gregoriou, Corresponding Author Stamatios Gregoriou stamgreg@yahoo.gr orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-1032 Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Correspondence Dr Stamatios Gregoriou, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hospital for Skin Diseases “A. Sygros”, 5 I. Dragoumi Street GR–16121 Athens, Greece. Email: stamgreg@yahoo.gr Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (equal), Supervision (equal), Validation (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)Search for more papers by this author Aikaterini Tsiogka, Aikaterini Tsiogka orcid.org/0000-0002-6853-9788 Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (equal)Search for more papers by this authorKonstantinos Liopyris, Konstantinos Liopyris Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (equal)Search for more papers by this authorStamatios Gregoriou, Corresponding Author Stamatios Gregoriou stamgreg@yahoo.gr orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-1032 Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Correspondence Dr Stamatios Gregoriou, 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hospital for Skin Diseases “A. Sygros”, 5 I. Dragoumi Street GR–16121 Athens, Greece. Email: stamgreg@yahoo.gr Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (equal), Supervision (equal), Validation (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)Search for more papers by this author First published: 11 February 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14071Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume86, Issue6June 2022Pages 549-551 RelatedInformation