Black Sticky Rice Research Articles

A Traditional Communication of Bugis (Note 1) in the South Sulawesi of Indonesia through the Art Performance of Kecapi

Discussing about traditional communication, it is commonly connected to the tradition concept, which contains a meaning that the concept is a kind of the past finding, but it is commonly reputed as a normative thing by each part of the society. Based on the explanation, it can be concluded that the definition of traditional communication is commonly connected to the folk art performance as a traditional media that is owned by a certain society, as the result it can be identified and understood that a folk art performance is owned by that society and exist as a local wisdom for the society.Therefore, it can be cleared that discussing about traditional communication is cannot be separated with the traditional folk art performance as a media, a kind of art that is based on the folk story by using media that appears and develops in a certain society. The effort of source finding of this folk story is not only purposed to be performed in the form of art performance, but also it is further expected to carry out messages from the story. Therefore, in the review of traditional communication it is emphasized to the way of carrying the messages that are contained in an art performance as a media. Therefore, this review is not discussed about the art performance furtherly. It means that the performance can use a great and luxurious background, but also can be in a simple form.South Sulawesi as a former government of the Indonesian Archipelago (the government of Gowa-Tallo and other governments that had been exist in Indonesia) has various kinds of art performance of the traditional media which are still heired for generations, where the function of traditional media is not only as an entertaining public show, but also may be a guidance because of the role of art performance which is full of messages and senses.Therefore, people who will have an art performance are commonly have to prepare their physic, mental, and psychology, moreover in fact that they will face most of audiences and have an all night (Note 2) performance. So that, in the South Sulawasi, may be in other places, before playing the role as a persistent player in an art performance, the players are commonly practice hard their skill and ability. This ability is usually completed by a mysthical thinking through the magic words or Parimbolo (Bugis’ language). In order to learn the magic words, the players commonly meet the elders, but the magic words are not directly given, but rather have to pass some rituals within certain rules such as white cloth, a cock, or by preparing black sticky rice and black cock (Ajeip Padindang in Monoharto, 2003: ix-x).

Identification and Characterisation of “Black Sticky Rice” (Oriza Sativa Glutinosa) as Photosensitizer in Development of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC)

It has successfully conducted a research to identify and characterize extract of black sticky rice (Oryza Sativa Glutinosa) as photosensitizers in making of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). Samples were made in the sandwich structure of couple of working electrode and counter electrode. The extraction process of dye in the black sticky rice was stirred for 1 hour and then allowed to stand for 24 hours. Identification of samples using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) to determine the chemical bond formed in the sample. Test the absorbance of the sample using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer Lambda 25 test and characterization of current and voltage (I-V) using a Keithley 2602A. The results showed maximum absorbance black rice extract appears in two peaks namely at = 324 nm and = 477 nm. While the I-V curve measurements indicate the efficiency of the resulting large black rice extract was 0.028% on a 12-hour soaking period and 0,032% in 24 hours soaking time. These results indicate that longer soaking could increase the efficiency of the resulting value.Keywords: Ketan Hitam (Oriza Sativa Glutinosa), DSSC,FTIR, UV-Vis, Keithley

Dye Oriza sativa glutinosa doped Fe as a active element of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)

The aims of the research are to determine the effect of doping Fe (III) Sulphate into dye Oriza sativa glutinosa on the characteristics parameters of solar cells, to determine the optical characteristic, functional group and electrical characteristic of dye Oriza sativa glutinosa doped Fe (III) sulphate. TiO2 nano size as much as 0.5 gr dissolved in 3 ml ethanol. 100 gr black sticky rice (Oriza sativa glutinosa) was immersed in 80 ml ethanol solution (95%) and kept at room temperature without exposing to light. Then it was filtered with a filter paper no.42, and the extracted result was process with chromatography. Furthermore, it was doped with Fe (III) sulphate respectively of 10-1 M, 10-2 M, 10-3 M. The characteristic of dye solution was measured using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer Lambda 25 for absorbance, Elkahfi 100/I-V meter for conductivity amd Keithey 2602A for characterization of current and voltage (I-V). The result showed that the area of dye Oriza sativa glutionosa doped Fe (III) sulphate with concentration 10-1 M the largest, because the value of Voc intercept at 6.40 × 10-1 mV and the value Isc intercept at 1.89 × 10-3 mA, with efficiency value is 0.148%.

Mutant breeding of a Japanese traditional black rice cultivar Yayoi-murasaki to improve seed shattering trait

Yayoi-murasaki is a traditional black sticky rice cultivar, which has long been grown locally in Tokushima prefecture in Japan for celebratory or religious occasions. This cultivar is characterized by late heading and easy seed shattering habits compared with modern Japanese rice cultivars, resulting in low yield performance. Severe seed shattering has been the major concern, especially under typhoon attacks. Therefore, mutant breeding using γ-ray was undertaken to mitigate seed shattering trait. Several lines selected for reduced seed shattering exhibited various phenotypes for seed shattering, fertility, and panicle morphology. These lines are a good resource for the improvement of Yayoi-murasaki and can be useful to understand the molecular mechanism of seed shattering trait in rice.

Effect of GABA Extract of Black Sticky Rice with Giant Embryo on Alcohol-Related Indices After Acute Alcohol Intake in Social Drinkers.

This study was performed to evaluate the effect and safety of a high-gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing extract (GABA extract) of black sticky rice with giant embryo (BSRGE) on alcohol-related indices after acute alcohol intake in social drinkers. Subjects were randomized to the GABA extract (G) group, GABA extract and alcohol drinking (GA) group, or placebo intake and alcohol drinking (PA) group in a double-blind design. All subjects were administered GABA extract (200mg GABA) or placebo at 9 am on study days 2 and 3, respectively. Subjects in the GA and PA groups were administered an equivalent dose of alcohol that was diluted in a drinking beverage for a total amount of 240ml at 11 am on day 3. Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale were measured just before alcohol drinking, and 6 times after alcohol drinking. The peak and area under the curve (AUC) of the total stimulation scale score after alcohol intake in females were significantly higher in the GA than in the PA group, whereas no significant difference was found between the 2 groups in males. The peak and AUC of the total score on the sedation scale after alcohol intake in males were significantly lower in the GA than in the PA group, whereas both were significantly higher in the GA than in the PA group of females. The AUC for BAC in males was significantly lower in the GA than in the PA group, whereas no significant difference was found in females. No adverse events were reported in any of the groups including the G group. Coadministration of a GABA extract to social drinkers while drinking alcohol is supposed to affect alcohol-related indices in terms of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics and did not induce any adverse events.

Quenching of Cytotoxic Reactive Carbonyl Species by Black Rice with Giant Embryo

Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are cytotoxic molecules originating from lipid peroxidation and sugar oxidation. A robust and efficient method based on high resolution mass spectrometry was used to test the ability of water‐soluble rice extracts to inhibit protein carbonylation induced by RCS. The model protein ubiquitin was incubated in vitro with different RCS such as 4‐hydroxy‐trans‐2‐nonenal (HNE) in presence of increasing concentration of various rice extracts. After 24 hours of incubation, the reaction was stopped and ubiquitin was analyzed by HRMS to determine the extent of protein modification due to the RCS, and to observe its modulation in presence of the extracts. The different rice extracts inhibited the formation of RCS‐induced protein modificationsto different extents. A black sticky rice with giant embryo (IC50=~29.1) strongly inhibited protein modification by the HNE than white rice (IC50=~151.0). These findings suggest that certain bioactive components in water‐soluble fractions of specific rice varieties effectivelysequester RCS, and that such rice variety can be valuable for dietary strategy for optimal health.This work was supported by Rural Development Administration (PJ010059), Republic of Korea.

P.6.b.005 Effect of GABA extract of giant embryo black sticky rice on alcohol-related indices after alcohol drinking in social drinkers

P.6.b.005 Effect of GABA extract of giant embryo black sticky rice on alcohol-related indices after alcohol drinking in social drinkers

OR12-1 * EFFECT OF GABA EXTRACT OF BLACK STICKY RICE WITH GIANT EMBRYO ON ALCOHOL-RELATED INDICES AFTER ACUTE ALCOHOL INTAKE IN SOCIAL DRINKERS

Introduction. This study was performed to evaluate the effect and safety of a high GABA containing extract (GABA extract) of Black Sticky Rice with giant embryo (BSRGE) on alcohol-related indices after acute alcohol intake in healthy social drinkers. Methods. Fifty subjects were randomized to GABA extract group, GABA extract and alcohol drinking group (GA) or placebo intake and alcohol drinking group (PA) in a double-blind design. BAC and the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale were measured. Results. The peak and AUC of total stimulation scale score after alcohol intake in women was significantly higher in GA than PA group (p = 0.002; p = 0.001). The peak and AUC of total score on the sedation scale after alcohol intake in men was significantly lower in GA than PA group (p = 0.001; p = 0.002), whereas it was significantly higher in GA than PA group of women (p = 0.014; p = 0.018). The AUC for BAC in men was significantly lower in GA than PA group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. Co-administration of a GABA extract to social drinkers while drinking alcohol is supposed to affect alcohol-related indices in terms of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Further studies are needed to find the extract mechanism and to investigate the benefit GABA extract from BSRGE in alcohol-drinking subjects.

GABA 고함유 흑찰거대배아미의 투여가 C57BL/6형 생쥐의 알코올 섭취량에 미치는 영향

It is known that black sticky rice with giant embryo (BSRGB, Milyang 263) and giant embryo rice (GER) contains higher levels of GABA than rice. Therefore, feeding BSRGB, GER, or rice freely to C57BL/6 mice with two-hour alcohol intake for 16 days was investigated. For two-hour alcohol intake, a repeated measure ANOVA (three treatment groups repeated across 16 days; 8 two-day blocks) yielded a significant group by block interaction (df=16, F=3.109, p=0.004). The independent t-test showed that significant suppression of two-hour alcohol intake was observed when subjects were administered with BSRGB, compared with the rice alone across all the two-day blocks (p<0.05). The paired t-test revealed that a significant suppression of two-hour alcohol intake was observed starting 4 to 16 days after freely feeding with BSRGB compared to before feeding. However, there is no significant difference in the two-hour alcohol intake observed between the before and after administration of rice. A repeated measure ANOVA revealed no significant group by block interaction for 22-hour water intake and body weight. However, a repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant grouping by block interaction for food intake. These results indicate a change of two-hour alcohol intake is presumably caused by GABA, which is found in higher levels in BSRGB than in rice.

Antioxidant effects of anthocyanins-rich extract from black sticky rice on human erythrocytes and mononuclear leukocytes

The present study was aimed at determining the optimum dose of anthocyanins-rich extract (ARE) from Thai pigmented rice for its antioxidant effects. Three different methods of antioxidant analysis [Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay, Folin Cioculteau Phenol (FCP) assay and Vanillin assay] were used and the results obtained were excellently correlated (r > 0.98). Among red rice, black rice and black sticky rice, black sticky rice had the highest antioxidant level within the range 1368.34 } 16.85 TE mM /kg dry mass, 922.03 } 3.84 mM GE/kg dry mass and 218.97 } 0.74 CE mM/kg dry mass, respectively. ARE with the highest antioxidant level was used in the following tests: Hemolysis test and Heinz body formation, which were used to assess the antioxidant activities of ARE on human erythrocytes, respectively. Comet assay was also used to assess the antioxidant activities of ARE on mononuclear leukocytes and it was found that the optimum dose of ARE (600 mg/L) inhibited hemolysis induced by 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride and Heinz body formation induced by Nacetylphenylhydrazine. Moreover, 200 - 1000 mg/L of ARE was able to inhibit hydrogen peroxideinduced genotoxicity in mononuclear leukocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Nevertheless, high dose of ARE (. 800 mg/L) induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity by itself. The results strongly suggested that optimum dose of ARE was beneficial for health promotion by reducing oxidative stress in cellular model. Key words : Antioxidant, pigmented rice, comet assay, hemolysis, Heinz body.

English

&nbsp; The present study was aimed at determining the optimum dose of anthocyanins-rich extract&nbsp;(ARE)&nbsp;from Thai pigmented rice for its antioxidant effects. Three different methods of antioxidant analysis [Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay, Folin Cioculteau Phenol (FCP) assay and Vanillin assay] were used and the results obtained were excellently correlated (r &gt; 0.98). Among red rice, black rice and black sticky rice, black sticky rice had the highest antioxidant level within the range 1368.34 &plusmn; 16.85 TE mM /kg dry mass, 922.03 &plusmn; 3.84 mM GE/kg dry mass and 218.97 &plusmn; 0.74 CE mM/kg dry mass, respectively. ARE with the highest antioxidant level was used in the following tests:&nbsp;Hemolysis test and Heinz body formation, which were used to assess the antioxidant activities of ARE on human erythrocytes, respectively. Comet assay was also used to assess the antioxidant activities of ARE on mononuclear leukocytes&nbsp; and it was found that the optimum dose of ARE (600 mg/L) inhibited hemolysis induced by 2,2&#39;-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride and Heinz body formation induced by N-acetylphenylhydrazine.&nbsp;Moreover, 200 - 1000 mg/L of ARE was able to inhibit hydrogen peroxide-induced genotoxicity in mononuclear leukocytes in a dose-dependent manner.&nbsp;Nevertheless, high dose of ARE (&ge; 800 mg/L) induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity by itself. The results strongly suggested that&nbsp;optimum dose of ARE&nbsp;was beneficial for health promotion by reducing oxidative stress in cellular model. &nbsp; Key words:&nbsp;Antioxidant, pigmented rice, comet assay, hemolysis, Heinz body.

Effects of Thai black sticky rice extract on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism gene expression in HepG2 cells

Anthocyanins, which are found in some food, including Thai black sticky rice, are reported to have health-promoting properties. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many degenerative diseases induced by free radicals, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke and cancer. We evaluated the anthocyanin-rich extract (ARE) from Thai black sticky rice for antioxidative and antihyperlipidemic effects on HepG2 cells. Cell viability was investigated with the neutral red assay and the MTT assay, and oxidative stress was determined by the DCFH-DA assay. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the effect of ARE on LDLR, HMG-CoAR, PPAR (α1,γ) and LXRa gene expression. We found that ARE at high doses (≥ 800 mg/L) induces cytotoxicity. However, at 600-1000 mg/L it reduced intracellular oxidative stress (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, and at 200 mg/L it significantly enhanced the expression of the LDLR gene in HepG2 cells. We concluded that ARE can be beneficial for health promotion by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing LDL clearance, regulating LDLR production on the cell surface membrane, thereby maintaining lipid homeostasis.