Black Hole Attack In Mobile Ad Hoc Network Research Articles

A Comprehensive Review and Performance Evaluation of Detection Techniques of Black Hole Attack in MANET

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is an auto Configuring network. Due to its natural characteristics, a MANET is vulnerable to many security threats. Blackhole attack compromises the performance and the reliability of the network. Since nodes are allowed to move freely within the network, it becomes very important to protect the communication among mobile nodes for the sake of security. In this paper we have investigated various techniques that can detect Blackhole attacks in MANET and we have compared the detection techniques with different matrices such as Average Packet Delivery ratio and Average End-To-End delay.

A modified AODV protocol for preventing blackhole attack in MANETs

ABSTRACTWireless Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are infrastructure-less networks commonly used for dynamic connection between nodes. These networks work without any external router for maintaining the connection and the nodes themselves behave like a router. Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing is a widely used protocol for managing communications between the mobile nodes. A blackhole attack is one in which the nodes create a false route through them and then perform malicious activities on the transmitted packets. This paper presents a modification of the existing AODV routing protocol to prevent blackhole attacks in MANETs in an erratic terrain with a high probability of packet loss. A mathematical proof is given to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with respect to the previous solution in the literature.

Black Hole Attack Detection Using Counters for AODV in MANET

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is repeatedly self constructing and infrastructure less network, having mobile nodes (MNs) connected to each other wirelessly. One of the most prevalent routing protocols used in MANET is Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV). The problem with AODV is its vulnerability to several attacks. The most devastating attack in AODV is black hole attack. In this paper, a strategy for detection of Black Hole (BH) attack is proposed which leads to preservation of energy due to negligible control packet overhead. The performance of proposed strategy is compared with the existing techniques and the results depict that the proposed strategy effectively detect and prevent the BH attack in MANET while preserving the energy.

HSCT: A Hybrid and Secure Clustering Technique for Detection of Black hole Attack in Mobile Adhoc Networks

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic network with large number of mobile nodes .As the traffic increases over the MANET, it will leads to number of problems like congestion and packet loss. This congestion and packet loss problems occurs due to the attacks in MANET .Out of the various attacks black hole attack is most dangerous attack which drops all of the packets received from the source node and which act as a black hole in the universe. In this paper we are providing solution against this attack. We propose a new hybrid and secure clustering technique for detecting and isolating black hole attack in MANET. This technique firstly detect the black hole attack by using threshold values against different parameters, after this clustering approach is used for secure path from source to destination by reducing overhead in the network. Most of existing mechanisms are not as efficient because by isolating black hole attack overhead is increased. A HSCT approach has remarkable advantage over these existing techniques. We simulate the proposed technique by using ns2 simulator and proved that our technique effectively detect the black hole attack in terms of throughput, packet loss, overhead, delay. In the last section of paper we deliberate possible future work.

A Novel Honeypot Based Detection and Isolation Approach (NHBADI) To Detect and Isolate Black Hole Attacks in MANET

Mobile adhoc networks (MANETs) suffer from various types of security attacks. In this paper, a novel probabilistic approach is proposed to detect and to isolate the Black Hole attack from MANET. Routing algorithms that are used nowadays are not designed to handle these types of attacks. This paper proposes a technique which is known as NHBADI, which uses Honeypot methodology to detect and isolate Black Hole attacks. Unlike existing techniques, the proposed Honeypot technique enhances the security of the MANET by reducing the network overhead. To measure the effectiveness of the proposed system, NS-2 simulator is used. The proposed technique not only detects malicious Black Hole nodes but also isolates the vulnerable Black Hole nodes from the network. The proposed NHBADI scheme reduces network overhead, normalized routing load and packet drop ratio.

An Approach for Security Measures of Black Hole Attack in MANET

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a major next generation wireless technology which is mostly used in future. MANET is a collection of communication devices or nodes that wish to communicate without any fixed infrastructure and predefine organization of available links. In a MANET mobile node will be increases and moveable, so that attacker will be attack by a malicious node which brings great challenges to the security of Mobile Ad Hoc network. The Black hole attack is one of such security issue in MANET. Our focus is specifically is on ensuring the security against the Black hole attack with the help of the popular routing protocol which is mostly used in MANET. Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) are the extension of the wireless networks. They plays important role in real life applications such as military applications, home applications etc. these networks are exposed by a lot of security attacks such as alteration, Denial of service attack, Fabrication attack etc. Black hole attack is one of the dangerous active attacks on the MANET. In this research paper an efficient approach for the detection and removal of the Black hole attack in the Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) is described. The algorithm is implemented on AODV (Ad hoc on demand Distance Vector) Routing protocol. The algorithm can detects both the single Black hole attack and the Cooperative Black hole attack. The beauty of the algorithm described in this paper is that it not only detects the black hole nodes in case when the node is not idle but it can also detect the Black hole nodes in case when a node is idle as well.

Analysis and Implementation of AODV Routing Protocol against Black Hole Attack in MANET

Wireless mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a selfconfiguring network which is composed of several movable mobile nodes. Black Hole attack is one of the DOS attacks in MANET, which can misbehave with network, increase in network traffic, packet loss, decreases throughput, send false reply to the nodes and dropped data packets. Therefore, to analysis all these effects, a contribution has been made with modification of AODV routing protocol as a bhAODV (Black Hole AODV). To show the effect of black hole attack in AODV, result analysis is done using the comparison of AODV and bhAODV. In this paper we also contribute in AODV to provide a solution for Black Hole attack (sbhAODV). Network Simulator (NS 2.35) is used to implement bhAODV and sbhAODV, simulation and result analysis.

A Snapshot of Black Hole Attack Detection in MANET

Black hole attack is a very common type of security attack found in Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET). In Black hole attack, the malicious node attracts all the data packets towards it using some false means and affects the data transmission in many ways, such as dropping of the packets. Black hole attack is vulnerable to security in MANET routing protocol. The paper focuses to provide a snapshot on various methods of detecting black hole attack in MANET and critically reviews them.

A Survey on Security Solutions of AODV Routing Protocol against Black Hole Attack in MANET

Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is among the efficient routing protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). Because of its routing features AODV has gained popularity compared to other routing protocols, but this protocol lacks a security features which make it more vulnerable to malicious attack particularly black hole attack. A single or cooperate black hole attacks when present in a network can deny any packet from source to reach the destination. This paper aims at presenting the current existing security techniques that are used to prevent and detect the black hole attacks in MANET.

A Novel Approach for Preventing Black-Hole Attack in MANETs

A black-hole attack in the Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is an attack occurs due to malicious nodes, which attracts the data packets by falsely advertising a fresh route to the destination. In this paper, we present a clustering approach in Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol for the detection and prevention of black-hole attack in MANETs. In this approach every member of the cluster will ping once to the cluster head, to detect the peculiar difference between the number of data packets received and forwarded by the node. If anomalousness is perceived, all the nodes will obscure the malicious nodes from the network.

A cluster-based countermeasure against blackhole attacks in MANETs

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) become more and more popular and significant in many fields. However, the important applications of MANETs make them very attractive to attackers. The deployment scenarios, the functionality requirements, and the limited capabilities of these types of networks make them vulnerable to a large group of attacks, e.g., blackhole attacks. In this paper, we propose a cluster-based scheme for the purpose of preventing blackhole attacks in MANETs. In our scheme, we firstly present a novel algorithm that employs a powerful analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology to elect clusterheads (CHs). Then CHs are required to implement the blackhole attacks prevention scheme to not only detect the existence of blackhole attacks but also identify the blackhole nodes. Simulation results show that our scheme is feasible and efficient in preventing blackhole attacks.

Performance Analysis of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Protocols Against Black Hole Attacks

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks also named as MANETs became one of the most preferred wireless networks due to their dynamic nature and their deployment simplicity. Despite of routing protocols, the nature of such networks increased threat of attacks while the MANETs must have a secure way for transmission and communication which is quite challenging and vital issue. One of such popular and effective attacks is the black hole attack. In this attack, a malicious node advertises itself as having freshest or shortest path to specific node and the traffic is redirected to such a node that actually does not exist in the network. In this paper a study of the impact of Black hole attack on the performance of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) is discussed. This study is based on performing a comparative analysis of Black hole attack in MANET using both Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Ad-Hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) to find out which protocol is more vulnerable to the attack and to what extent is the impact of the attack on both protocols. The performance analysis is evaluated with respect to throughput, end-to-end delay and network load using OPNET modeller simulator. Simulation results based on using 50 nodes showed that AODV experienced a higher delay than OLSR meanwhile the throughput of OLSR can be observed as being higher compared to that of AODV (namely, throughput of OLSR is approximately 1133333 bits/sec on average and in AODV it is about 1600bits/sec in presence of two malicious nodes) and OLSR network load is higher when compared to AODV.

EFFECT OF CLUSTERING IN DESIGNING A FUZZY BASED HYBRID INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM FOR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) provides additional security for the most vulnerable Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET). Use of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) in the design of IDS is proven to be efficient in detecting routing attacks in MANETs. Clustering is a vital means in the detection process of FIS based hybrid IDS. This study describes the design of such a system to detect black hole attack in MANET that uses Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol. It analyses the effect of two clustering algorithms and also prescribes the suitable clustering algorithm for the above-mentioned IDS. MANETs with various traffic scenarios were simulated and the data set required for the IDS is extracted. A hybrid IDS is designed using Sugeno type-2 FIS to detect black hole attack. From the experimental results, it is derived that the subtractive clustering algorithm produces 97% efficient detection while FCM offers 91%. It has been found that the subtractive clustering algorithm is more fit and efficient than the Fuzzy C-Means clustering (FCM) for the FIS based detection system.

Design Enhancements in ZRP for Detecting Multiple Black Hole Nodes in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

a day, security in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is very important issue. Due to dynamic topology and mobility of nodes, Mobile Ad hoc Networks are more vulnerable to security attacks than conventional wired and wireless network. Nodes of Mobile Ad hoc Network communicate directly without any central base station. That means in ad hoc network, infrastructure is not required for establishing communication. Mobile ad hoc Network (MANET) is different than wireless sensor network (WSN). Mobile ad hoc network is more vulnerable than WSN. Therefore attacks in MANETs are very frequent than other networks. In this research paper we are describing black hole attacks which are easy to launch in wireless ad hoc network. Black hole attack is referred to as a node dropping all packets and sending forged routing packets to route packets over itself. In this paper, we are considering a zone with multiple black hole nodes that can work co-operatively and we are implementing Secure-ZRP protocol which can be used to prevent black hole attack in MANETs. We evaluated performance in Qualnet simulator. Our analysis indicates that S-ZRP is very suitable & efficient protocol to stop this attack.

Prevention of Co-operative Black Hole Attack in MANET

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous network that consists of mobile nodes that communicate with each other over wireless links. In the absence of a fixed infrastructure, nodes have to cooperate in order to provide the necessary network functionality. One of the principal routing protocols used in Ad hoc networks is AODV (Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector) protocol. The security of the AODV protocol is compromised by a particular type of attack called ‘Black Hole’ attack In this attack a malicious node advertises itself as having the shortest path to the node whose packets it wants to intercept. To reduce the probability it is proposed to wait and check the replies from all the neighboring nodes to find a safe route. Our approach to combat the Black hole attack is to make use of a ‘Fidelity Table’ wherein every participating node will be assigned a fidelity level that acts as a measure of reliability of that node. In case the level of any node drops to 0, it is considered to be a malicious node, termed as a ‘Black hole’ and is eliminated. Computer simulation using GLOMOSIM shows that our protocol provides better security and also better performance in terms of packet delivery than the conventional AODV in the presence of Black holes with minimal additional delay and Overhead.

Struggling against selfishness and black hole attacks in MANETs

AbstractSince mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are infrastructureless and multi‐hop by nature, transmitting packets from any node to another usually relies on services provided by intermediate nodes. This reliance introduces a new vulnerability; one node could launch a Black Hole DoS attack by participating in the routing protocol and including itself in routes, then simply dropping packets it receives to forward. Another motivation for dropping packets in self‐organized MANETs is resource preservation. Some solutions for detecting and isolating packet droppers have been recently proposed, but almost all of them employ the promiscuous mode monitoring approach (watchdog (WD)) which suffers from many problems, especially when employing the power control technique. In this paper we propose a novel monitoring approach that overcomes some WD's shortcomings, and improves the efficiency in detection. To overcome false detections due to nodes mobility and channel conditions we propose a Bayesian technique for the judgment, allowing node redemption before judgment. Finally, we suggest a social‐based approach for the detection approval and isolation of guilty nodes. We analyze our solution and asses its performance by simulation. The results illustrate a large improvement of our monitoring solution in detection versus the WD, and an efficiency through our judgment and isolation techniques as well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.