Bizarre Features Research Articles

The Latin Infinitivus Historicus Revisited

Abstract Embarking upon yet another examination of the so-called Infinitivus Historicus [IH] (or 'descriptivus', 'adumbrativus', et sim ) appears not uncalled for this rather bizarre feature of Latin has been studied most extensively1), yet not altogether satisfactorily, and certainly not exhaustively We have to do here with a usage deeply rooted in the Latin literary language from Plautus onwards, until eventually becoming a literary convention, at the same time the Historic Infinitive is an almost unique phenomenon in Latin, as it is comparable, amongst the other infinitival constructions, only to the rare infinitivus 'imperativus' and 'prohibitivus', in that they all constitute non-embedded constructions which involve non-accusatival subjects2)

Child Abuse in Saudi Arabia: Report of Ten Cases

Ten abused children under five years of age (four males, six females) were seen in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC) between 1989G and 1992G. Two children died, five had serious injuries and three had moderately severe injuries. In one of the fatalities, the diagnosis was not suspected until four years after death, when her sister was diagnosed as a case of child abuse. Six children suffered varying degrees of physical neglect and abuse and sexual abuse. The remaining four children had Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Parentally induced illness should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual illness with bizarre features, even if the parents' behavior appears normal.

Melorheostosis of the Toe: A Case Report

A case of melorheostosis in a 57-year-old Japanese woman is presented. This case is noteworthy because of its unusual radiographic features and local findings and its unusually long follow-up period of more than 29 years. Melorheostosis progresses very slowly over a long period of time, and can show bizarre features, simulating malignant tumor.

Theoretical aspects of the quantum Hall effect

This talk will focus on the fractional quantum Hall effect, which is a remarkable many-body phenomenon occurring in the two-dimensional electron gas at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. The Hall conductance of a real, macroscopic device is quantized in the form: oxy = ve2/h, where v is a rational fractional quantum number. Associated with this are vortex-like excitations that have fractional charge and other bizarre features. There are deep connections between this phenomenon and superfluidity and analogies with models of current interest in high-energy physics. The essence of the effect is that electrons in a magnetic field can turn into bosons by attaching themselves to flux tubes. The discovery of the quantum Hall effect (for a recent review, see ref. 1) has revolutionized our understanding of transport in disordered systems in high magnetic fields in two dimensions and has important implications for other areas of physics as well as metrology. The integer quantum Hall effect is a one-body phenomenon associated with the gap between states of different kinetic energy (Landau levels) in a magnetic field. The basic experimental observation is that under special conditions the excitation gap causes the system to become dissipationless, and the Hall conductance takes on a universal value:

Choosy females and correlates of male age

The evolution of female choice is controversial. The males of many polygynous species have bizarre features such as long and elaborate tails which seem to be maladaptive. If females choose to mate with such males how could choice genes increase in frequency? It is argued that (a) male age may be an indicator of fitness with older males having a higher average fitness than young males, (b) the size and complexity of many male ornaments and weapons are positively correlated with age. Females that choose males with, say, a longer than average tail are choosing males who are older than average. The choosy females therefore have male and female offspring with a higher fitness than the progeny of randomly mating females. As female choice genes spread the size or complexity of the age-dependent ornament increases. Mutations increasing size or complexity of such ornaments will also spread. A stable situation will be reached when the advantage of choosing older males is balanced by the disadvantage of, say, very long tails.

Two Siblings with Recurrent Cardiorespiratory Arrest: Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy or Child Abuse?

The terms "Munchausen syndrome by proxy" or "Polle syndrome" have been used to describe children who are victims of parentally induced or fabricated illness. This report gives case histories of two siblings (a 7-month-old girl and a 4-year-old boy) with recurrent episodes of cardiorespiratory arrest that were induced by a mother who skillfully resuscitated the children and who demonstrated model parental behavior. Polygraphic monitoring with hidden camera was used to determine that the episodes of cardiorespiratory arrest were parentally induced in the infant. The 4-year-old sibling had previously undergone multiple diagnostic and surgical procedures. After the diagnosis was made in the infant, and the mother was no longer permitted to be alone with the children, neither child had further episodes. A psychologic profile of the mother is presented, and special features of these two and other cases in the literature are reviewed. These cases represent a form of child abuse. A parentally induced illness should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual illnesses with bizarre features, even when the parent's behavior appears exemplary.

PERSONALITY TRAITS OF BLACK BELT KARATE INSTRUCTORS

Forty-five male, advanced black belt karate instructors were administered the CPI and their responses compared with high achieving and low achieving college students. The responses of the three groups were subjected to a univariate analysis of variance in which the 18 subscales of the CPI served as dependent variables. Matching was on age, sex and educational level. Karate instructors were more alike than different from college students. No unusual or bizarre features were noted in any of the three group profiles studied.

Atypical Fibroxanthoma of the Skin With Osteoid Production

Atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin is a dermal lesion characterized by bizarre histologic features, but with benign biologic behavior.1This article reports a case of atypical fibroxanthoma with prominent osteoid production, a phenomenon that has not previously been reported to my knowledge. Report of a Case A 47-year-old man had an ulcerated and painful nodule on the palmar aspect of the middle phalanx of the right third finger. Roentgenograms of the hand showed a soft tissue swelling at the site of the nodule without bony involvement. The lesion was excised. The nodule measured 1 cm at its largest dimension. The microscopic findings primarily involved the dermis; the lesion was composed of spindle and polyhedral cells lying in loose, fibrous tissue with no distinct organization (Fig 1). These cells had hyperchromatic nuclei with scattered mi Fig 1.—Cellular dermal lesion exhibiting no distinct pattern of cellular arrangement. Foci of osteoid production

An assessment of homicidal attitudes.

A patient, S., voiced the opinion that subnormals, the blind, anyone with physical or mental imperfections should be exterminated. This included the psychiatrically ill and consequently himself. He had attempted suicide, and said that when he thought it appropriate he would attempt suicide again. In projective tests and interviews he expressed the wish to kill his father, and showed much sado-sexual fantasy and racial prejudice. Psychological tests showed that he was of average intelligence, non-retarded and abnormally overinclusive. He was diagnosed initially as “paranoid schizophrenic”. Such bizarre and macabre features are not necessarily dangerous, but S. was married with two young children. He believed his children to be highly intelligent. Another baby was expected shortly. This study attempted to predict whether these attitudes were potentially dangerous should the patient discover some imperfection in his family.

Drowning in Paint

WORKING with petroleum solvents in unventilated tanks and pits is hazardous. 1-4 The following is an account of an unusual accident in which two prisoners who were working in a vat were exposed to volatile solvents. An absolutely bizarre feature of this accident is the face-down drowning of the two men in 10 inches of paint residue. We were unable to uncover a similar report of what amounted to actual paint-drowning. Report of Cases At noon on Jan 12, 1965, anesthesia personnel at University Hospital were summoned to the emergency room to assist in the airway management for two prisoners from the Maryland House of Correction in Jessup. The prisoners were among a group of seven occupied in cleaning a giant, unventilated paint vat, the bottom of which was filled with approximately 10 inches of residue. The two prisoners, with questionably effective protective masks, were at the bottom of the

Pre-Pulseless and Pulseless Takayasus' Arteritis

The Confused Terminology and Changing Concept of Takayasu's Arteritis In 1908 the Japanese opihthalmologist, Takayasu, reported an unusual wreath-like vascular anastomosis surrounding the optic discs of a young female patient who was nearly iblind, biut who showed 'no general physical changes'. He was unalble to explain this abnormality. Laiter a colleague, Onishi, referred to a similar case who had the further 'peculiarity' of pulselessness of the arms. Eventually it was established that these widely separated abnormalities were ibut 'two of many remarkable features which could occur when disease caused severe stenosis or obstruction of 'the arterial trunks arising from fthe aortic arch. The 'full spectrum, whlich is best termed the aortic-arch syndrome (Frovig, 1946), included bizarre features such as premature aging of the face, masseter claudication and ulceration of the palate, nasal septum, ears or nose in addition t'o the commoner consequences of ocular, cerebral and 'arm ischaem'ia sucih 'as iblindness, strokes and arm claudication. Because of the rarity of aitheroma in ithe Orient it became apparent early 'that the aortic-arch syndrome could be due to an iarteritis of obscure aetiology. In the absence, however, of aortography or ispecific serological tests neither early diagnosis nor accurate distinction of this 'arterial disease from the other causes of 'the syndrome such as syp1hilis, polyarteriitis, chronic dissecting aneurysm or 'atheroma was possiible. During the first half of this century these circumstances and the variable presenitations 'of 'the aortic-arch syndrome obscured the early niatural history of this new 'arteritis 'and led to nosoilogical confusion (Table 1). Unfortunately, the (misleading term 'pul;seless dilsease' gradually 'became dominan't, being used by some as a synonym for the syndrome and by others specifically for the arteries first referred to, lalbeit unknowingly, 'by either Takayasu or Savory (1856). The last decade has added to the confusiion since descriptions of Takayasu's arteri'tis distal to the alortic arch have resulted in a further selection 'of itermls. These include central aortitis, middle (aortic syndrome, stenosing aortitis, enilongated coarctation and subisthmic coarctation. Largely because of the term 'pulseless disease' Tlakayasu's ariteritis came to,be regarded essen'tiially as a cause 'of arm ipuliselessness, blindness or ce[robro-vasculiar insufficiency. Recently, however, several papers (Sandring and Welin, 1961; Judge, Currier, Gracie and Figley, 1962; Strachan, 1964; TABLE 1 TERMINOLOGY OF TAKAYASU'S ARTERITIS Takayasu's disease Pulseless disease Takayasu;Onishi disease Branohial arteritis Reader-Harbitz sy.ndrome Arteritis of ao,rta in young women Aortic arch arteriltis Syndrome of occlusion of supra-aortic trunks Young female arteritis Rheumatic brachio-vephalic arteritis Reversed coarctation Martorell's syndrome Takayasu-Martorel.l-Fa'bre syndromo Aoritic arch syndrome Thrombo-arteritis obliterans subclavico-carotica Chronic subolavian-carotid obstructive syndrome

CONDENSATION OF CONFLICTS BY NUMBER LANGUAGE IN A CHILDHOOD PSYCHOSIS

We shall trace the unraveling in therapy of a bizarre number language used by a thirteen-year-old Negro girl, treated on the Children's Inpatient Psychiatric Service of the Los Angeles County General Hospital. To our knowledge, such a case has not been reported in the literature. When Beulah was first admitted to the ward in June of 1960, she was a withdrawn, obese, moderately light-skinned Negro girl with striking hair bangs down to her eyebrows. Her laughter was inappropriate; she made guttural, grunting sounds, belched loudly, presented bizarre posturing and seemed to be responding to auditory hallucinations. The most bizarre feature of her inappropriate behavior was her use of numbers like 34, 59, 89. She shouted these numbers, sometimes in repetition, sometimes as a single explosive verbalization, or recited them without affect for many minutes. There did not seem to be any order to her use of the numbers, and the changes in tone and pitch could not be understood. All attempts to dissuade her from using the numbers or to question her about the meaning of them were of no avail. In addition to her raucous recitation of numbers, Beulah drew endless numbers of crayon-eolored weird-looking animals. These animals had the above-mentioned numbers for heads. Initially she spent most of her time on the ward in solitude, drawing these number-headed animals, shouting out her long series of numbers, and looking at pic-

“Draw-a-Man-with-a-Club:” A Technique for Study of Aggression and Relations to Authority Figures

The use of drawings of a man with a club (or stick) has been initiated by the author for the purpose of studying underlying conflicts and Ss' characteristic ways of handling aggression and relations t o authority figures. T h e assumptions are the same as in other D A P techniques. Administration.-The S is asked t o draw a man with a club and t o write a story about his drawing. The technique is most useful when preceded by the Draw-A-Person test. Interpretation.-The drawing of a man provides a useful baseline for interpretation of A-Man-With-A-Club. T h e difference~ between an individual's drawing of a man and that of A-Man-With-A-Club, when clinically compared, are frequently revealing. Rigid individuals often produce nearly identical figures. Prepsychotic or borderline patients sometimes develop more dearly bizarre features in the drawing of A-Man-With-AClub. Psychotics reveal, in addition to general bizarreness, a lack of functional or utilitarian purpose of the dub, e.g., dub drawn diagonally across man's chest. Individuals tending to act out aggressive impulses may place the man with the dub in an aaadcing position, give him a fierce expression, draw a huge dub, a dub with spikes, or draw the Man-W~ch-A-Club larger than the preceding drawing. Patients who tend to become inhibited or to shrink when faced with aggression, on the other hand, may show exaggerations in the opposlte direction, by greatly deemphasizing some of the characteristics related to expression of aggression, and also producing increased shading effem. Clinical signs considered pathological in other projective drawings can be similarly applied to the Man-With-A-Club, subject to the same cautions, in view of lack of experimental evidence for validity of such signs. A quantitative study is now in progress on relationships of placement, size, and position of the club t o the man, as well as differences between drawing of the Man-With-A-Club situation and in the usual DAP. Richard H. Walters (University of Toronto) and this author have applied this technique in yet unpublished studies of assaultive criminals, alcoholics, and narcotic addicts. Evaluation of the usefulness of this technique must await further application i n research and clinical settings. I t appears, however, that Draw-A-Man-With-AClub is most useful i n the context of a battery of psychological tests.

Great Expectations and Hard Times: The Planning of Cairo, Illinois

Research Article| December 01 1957 Great Expectations and Hard Times: The Planning of Cairo, Illinois John W. Reps John W. Reps Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (1957) 16 (4): 14–21. https://doi.org/10.2307/987873 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation John W. Reps; Great Expectations and Hard Times: The Planning of Cairo, Illinois. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 1 December 1957; 16 (4): 14–21. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/987873 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentJournal of the Society of Architectural Historians Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

The hereditary occurrence of testes and absence of sexual hair in amenorrheic women: a type of pseudohermaphroditism.

HERMAPHRODITISM has intrigued man from time immemorial. Innumerable references to the subject have appeared in both medical and nonmedical literature. Although the great majority of such cases are quickly recognized by the bizarre anomalous features of the external genitalia, they are not easily classified. A particular type of intersexuality represented by the cases reported in this paper has, for the most part, been unsuspected on clinical examination, and the diagnosis has usually not been made until surgery has been performed, or the condition has been discovered at autopsy. We refer to a special type of male pseudohermaphroditism, with normal-appearing external female genitalia and a completely feminine habitus. Evidence of masculinity is lacking, despite the presence of male gonadal tissue. In this article we present our conception of adequate clinical criteria for a positive diagnosis. There can be, of course, all gradations of male pseudohermaphroditism; it is seen in patients having entirely femi...

Johnson, Smart, and the "Universal Visiter"

THE Universal visiter was begun early in 1756 as a joint venture on the part of Allen, the printer; Gardner, the publisher; and Smart and Rolt, the authors. The rights and responsibilities of each partner in the venture were set forth in a formal contract, the terms of which caused no little discussion from the very first. Until recently we have known only the rather bizarre features which Boswell reports,' but a few years ago Mr. Stuart Piggott discovered the original and summarized it for us.2 It provided that Rolt and Smart were each to supply a third of the copy for each number and that each was to receive a quarter of the profits. Furthermore, if either of the authors was unable to furnish his share of material, it was his responsibility to secure someone to do so in his place. It was as a result of this last provision that Samuel Johnson came to be connected with the periodical. That connection is generally known; in fact, some of the pieces there published are among his acknowledged works, and he himself related in conversation with Tom Davies: