AN extended series of economic studies has failed to find any statistically significant impact on national injury rates due to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA.' Two distinct explanations for this apparent failure of OSHA have been put forward in these studies. The first is that, because of limited statutory and budgetary authority from Congress, OSHA is unable to compel industrial compliance with its own standards. Advocates of this position point to the pitifully small level of OSHA fines and to the small number of firms that will actually be inspected. For example, in 1975, the average fine per violation amounted to only $26, while the average number of inspections per firm was only .02,