Bite Accidents Research Articles

Child victims of dog bites treated in emergency departments: a prospective survey.

The study was conducted to determine the characteristics of child victims of dog bite accidents. Pediatricians and nurses prospectively collected standardized information on all child victims of dog bites brought in for treatment to six hospital emergency departments (three urban university teaching hospitals and three rural hospitals). One hundred completed questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The frequency of dog bites brought for care to the emergency departments was equivalent to about one-quarter of all road traffic casualties and one-third of burns at home. Of the 100 victims, 65 were bitten at home, and 35 in a public place. The bite accidents that occurred at home concerned children with a median age of 5 years, who were without adult supervision at the time of the accident. The children who were bitten by dogs in public places had a median age of 9 years. For 77 bites, the dog was not familiar to the child. Based on the history, it appeared that 56 out of 65 accidents at home and 11 out of 35 in public places resulted mainly from the children's or adult's behavior. To reduce the frequency of dog bites both at home and in public places, education could be the preventive measure with the highest priority. Out of 100 accidents, 67 children might not have been bitten had they and their parents been adequately educated on safe conduct towards dogs.

American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus) bite accidents in dogs in Argentina

The symptomatology and treatment of two dogs bitten by Crotalus durissus terrificus are described. Neurological signs were present few minutes after the accident with local anesthesia and ataxia of the affected limb and neurotoxic fascia. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and calcium were evaluated in an attempt to investigate muscle damage. Renal failure was not observed but some alterations were detected in urine. Urine density was low and the urinary sediment contained granular clumps and small round cells. Muscle samples were obtained from both legs for histopathological study, showing edema and isolated necrotic fibers. Both dogs received treatment within four hours after the accident by intravenous route. The antivenom was administered diluted in 250ml of Ringer solution in a dose enough to inactivate more than 8mg of venom. Dexamethasone was applied previously to the antivenom. Clinical evolution was good and both patients were in good health condition on the second day after the accident.

Coral snakes of the Americas: biology, identification, and venoms

Part 1 General Information: Overview. Part 2 Form and Distinguishing Features: External Features Internal Features. Part 3 Biology and Evolution: Ecology Feeding and Food Reproduction Enemies and Defense Mimicry - Imitation Fellowships Biogeography, Origin and Evolution. Part 4 Venoms and Snakebite: Venoms in Biology and Their Value Studies of Coral Snake Venom Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Venom Coral Snake Bite Accidents. Part 5 Identification, Description and Distribution By Countries: Identification Description of Species and Subspecies with Keys to the Subspecies Distribution by Countries. Appendices: Scientific and Common Names of Coral Snakes Summary of the Composition of Coral Snake Venom.

Venomous Snakes and Snake Bite Accidents in Panama

Since 1929, in association with Dr. Thomas Barbour of Harvard and other workers, I have been carrying out a census of snakes in the valleys of the Tuira, Chagres and Santa Maria rivers of Panama and on the plains east of Panama City. In these areas, a total catch of 3,457 snakes was made from January, 1929 to September, 1934. Of this number, 836 or 24.1 per cent were venomous snakes. During the capture of these snakes, no one was bitten. According to this census, three species of Bothrops - fer de lance, hog nose viper, and horned palm viper are responsible for 83.6 per cent of hazardous snake bites. The victims of these bites can be treated with Bothropic antivenin. Other venomous snakes included in the catch were 31 bushmasters, 103 coral snakes and 3 sea snakes. The bushmaster and the coral snake rarely cause accidents, but if they do, specific antivenins are required. Hospital and dispensary records in Panama seldom correctly reflect the true incidence of snake bite accidents for the following reasons: The person who receives the bite is usually alone and is at a remote distance from medical assistance. No official report is rendered. Many poisonous snake bite accidents are not followed by serious results. Most poisonous snakes are nocturnal in their habits, and most snake bite accidents occur in the daytime and are caused by a snake that is so full of food that it cannot escape the pedestrian's foot. Such a snake. . . Language: en