Bismuth Nitrate Pentahydrate Research Articles

Antimicrobial studies of visible light-responsive nanoflower spheres Bi2WO6/ZnO

The contamination of water resources in recent years has resulted in the dissemination of harmful bacteria via water sources, posing a significant threat to the safety and well-being of humans, animals, and plants. Consequently, there is a growing concern over the health and sanitation of water resources. Photocatalysis, a novel and very effective antibacterial method, has gained significant attention in the area of antibacterial research. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium tungstate dihydrate were used in a straightforward hydrothermal process to create nanoflower spheres Bi2WO6/ZnO photocatalytic composites in molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. The first-ever demonstration of the photocatalytic broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of porous nanoflower spheres Bi2WO6/ZnO composites was shown. The samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis). The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the dilution coated plate technique, with LED light irradiation. The findings indicate that the Bi2WO6/ZnO composite has a much superior antibacterial activity against both bacteria and fungus compared to individual Bi2WO6 and ZnO. When exposed to LED lighting with an intensity of 35 W, the Bi2WO6/ZnO nanoparticles in a 1:2 ratio at a concentration of 1000 mg/L demonstrated complete antibacterial effectiveness against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis within 30 min. Similarly, the nanoparticles achieved 100 % antibacterial efficiency against Candida albicans within 90 min. The antibacterial efficacy of 1000 mg/L 1:2 Bi2WO6/ZnO nanoparticles against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was found to be 100 % within 5 min under natural lighting conditions. The findings indicate that Bi2WO6/ZnO nanoparticles have excellent photocatalytic broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy.

Optimizing the Synthesis of Titanium Carbide-Bismuth Oxide for Enhanced Antimicrobial Properties.

Background The two-dimensional MXene, known as titanium carbide (Ti₃C₂), is characterized by its substantial interlayer spacing, extensive surface area, hydrophilic nature, exceptional thermal stability, and outstanding electrical conductivity. These distinctive attributes render Ti₃C₂ an ideal candidate for detecting target analytes and immobilizing biomolecules. Bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃), an essential compound of bismuth, frequently acts as a foundational element in bismuth chemistry. Its applications are diverse, from fireworks to oxygen gas sensors and solid oxide fuel cells, with particular emphasis on its behaviour under elevated temperatures and pressures. Notably, phase transitions to various polymorphs, which remain metastable at room temperature, have been documented under these conditions, indicating potential for numerous applications. Integrating MXene with Bi₂O₃ composites holds significant promise for advancements in energy-related electronics, sensing technologies, and photocatalytic processes. Objective To optimize the synthesis of titanium carbide-bismuth oxide (Ti₃C₂-Bi₂O₃) nanoparticles to enhance their antimicrobial activity by identifying the best synthesis conditions and assessing their effectiveness against various microbial pathogens. Materials and methods The preparation of Ti₃C₂ MXene involves dissolving lithium fluoride in hydrochloric acid, followed by Ti₃AlC₂ and stirring at 40°C for 48 hours. The resulting pellet is then dispersed in ultrapure water and centrifuged to obtain the MXene dispersion. Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles are prepared by preparing bismuth nitrate pentahydrate in nitric acid and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH. The resulting white precipitate is filtered, washed, and dried before being calcined at 400°C for two hours to produce Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles. The Ti₃C₂-Bi₂O₃ composite is synthesized by adding Bi(NO₃)₃ solution to a 5 mg/mL Ti₃C₂Tx MXene solution. The reaction solution is heated to 160°C, and the resulting black powder is labelled as x% Bi₂O₃/MXene. The antimicrobial efficacy of the nanoparticles is assessed using the disk diffusion method. The zones of inhibition are measured and analyzed as indicators of antimicrobial activity. Results The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the presence of Bi₂O₃ particles alongside Ti₃C₂​​​​​​​ nanosheets, while the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the high crystallinity of the compound. Furthermore, the compound was determined to be impurity-free and demonstrated antimicrobial properties. Conclusion The XRDanalysis confirms the effective integration of various materials and the existence of crystalline phases. SEMprovides insights into the morphology and organization of particles within sheets, whereas EDSassesses the elemental composition and its uniform distribution. These studies demonstrate the synthesis of Ti₃C₂-Bi₂O₃​​​​​​​ composites, suggesting their potential for usage in applications involving antimicrobial action.

Emerging Two-Dimensional Ti3C2-BiOCl Nanoparticles for Excellent Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties.

Introduction MXenes (Ti3C2) represent a group of two-dimensional inorganic compounds, produced through a top-down exfoliation method. They comprise ultra-thin layers of transition metal carbides, or carbonitrides, and exhibit hydrophilic properties on their surfaces. Utilizing Ti3C2 BiOCl nanoparticles for their antimicrobial and antioxidant attributes involves enhancing synthesis, processing, and characterization techniques. Materials and method To prepare Ti3C2 MXene, dissolve 1.6 g of LiF in 20 ml of 9M HCl. Slowly add 1 g of Ti3AlC2(titanium aluminum carbide) powder to the solution while stirring. Etch at 35°C for 24 h to remove Al layers from Ti3AlC2, leaving Ti3C2 layers. Wash the mixture with distilled water and ethanol until the pH is around 6. Collect the washed sediment by centrifugation and sonicate it in distilled water for 1 h. Centrifuge to remove unexfoliated particles. For BiOCl synthesis, dissolve 2 mmol of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O (bismuth nitrate pentahydrate) in 10 ml of 2M HCl (hydrochloric acid) with 0.5 g of PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone). Transfer the solution to a Teflon-lined autoclave, fill it with distilled water up to 80%, and heat at 160°C for 24 h. Collect the precipitate by centrifugation, wash, and dry at 60°C for 12 h. Disperse BiOCl nanoparticles in distilled water, sonicate for 30 min, add Ti3C2 MXene dispersion, stir for 2 h, collect, wash, dry, and calcine at 400°C for 2 h. Result The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) utilizes electrons, rather than light, to generate highly magnified images. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) complements SEM by analyzing the X-ray spectrum emitted when a solid sample is bombarded with electrons, enabling localized chemical analysis. In SEM imaging, incorporating an X-ray spectrometer allows for both element mapping and point analysis. The SEM image of the prepared samples reveals accordion-like multilayer structures in BiOCl, characterized by thin sheet-like structures with numerous pores. EDS, relying on X-ray emissions from electron bombardment, facilitates detailed chemical analysis at specific locations within the sample. Conclusion Our research has shed light on the synthesis and characterization processes of two-dimensional Ti3C2 BiOCl nanoparticles, revealing their remarkable antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

Synthesis of CBO (Co3O4-Bi2O3) Heterogeneous Photocatalyst for Degradation of Fipronil and Acetochlor Pesticides in Aqueous Medium

The excessive use of pesticides has led to the harmful contamination of water reservoirs. Visible-light-driven photocatalysis is one of the suitable methods for the removal of pesticides from water. Herein, the development of CBO (Co3O4-Bi2O3) as a heterogeneous catalyst for the visible light-assisted degradation of Fipronil and Acetochlor pesticides is reported. After synthesis via coprecipitation using cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as precursor materials, the prepared CBO was characterized using advanced techniques including XRD, EDS, TEM, SEM, FTIR, and surface area and pore size analysis. Then, it was employed as a photocatalyst for the degradation of Fipronil and Acetochlor pesticides under visible light irradiation. The complete removal of Fipronil and Acetochlor pesticides was observed over CBO photocatalyst using 50 mL (100 mg/L) of each pesticide separately within 120 min of reaction. The reaction kinetics was investigated using a non-linear method of analysis using the Solver add-in. The prepared CBO exhibited a 2.8-fold and 2-fold catalytic performance in the photodegradation of selected pesticides than Co3O4 and Bi2O3 did, respectively.

Photodegradation of dye wastewater by Ti doped Bi2O3/montmorillonite composites

Ti-doped Bi2O3/montmorillonite composites (TBM) were synthesized via chemical solution decomposition using tetrabutyl titanate and bismuth nitrate pentahydrate as titanium and bismuth sources, with sodium montmorillonite as the carrier. The active brilliant blue KN-R, carmine, and rose red B solutions were employed for adsorption and degradation experiments. Characterization of the composite was done through XRD, SEM, BET, and UV-Vis DRS analyses. Results indicate that the optimal degradation performance is achieved when the Ti doping ratio is 4 % (4TBM). The removal rates for active brilliant blue KN-R, carmine, and rose red B solutions were 98.17 %, 98.29 %, and 96.77 %, respectively. Bi2O3 was found in a tetragonal phase, with Ti ions doping into the lattice of Bi2O3 as Ti4+ inhibiting grain growth. The montmorillonite flakes in the composite were exfoliated, leading to an increased specific surface area of 4.16 m2/g. Following Ti doping, Ti 3d, O 2p, and Bi 6 s orbitals combined to form a valence band of 4TBM, reducing the band gap from 2.59 eV to 2.52 eV. This enhancement in light absorption capacity improved the photocatalytic degradation performance of 4TBM.

Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of BiOI particles: An efficient visible-light-driven degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous environments

Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) particles were successfully fabricated through solvothermal activation using bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate and potassium iodide as precursors. The photocatalytic activities of BiOI were investigated under the influence of synthesis temperature (120–200 °C) with a fixed duration of 12 h. The physical-chemical properties of the samples were systematically investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N2-sorption isotherm techniques, and pH of the point of zero charge (pHpzc). The prepared BiOI exhibited a single phase with a non-uniform 2D morphology with different sizes, an average crystallite size of 30 nm, and a BET surface area of 20.71 m²g−1. The zero-point charge was determined to be 7.7. The photocatalytic performance under simulated solar light irradiation was investigated by examining the effects of dye initial concentration, catalyst dose, and dye pH. Remarkably, BiOI synthesized at 160 °C demonstrated an impressive 85% removal efficiency of 10 ppm MO (methyl orange) at normal pH levels (pH 6.8) within 120 min under visible light irradiation, along with the highest rate constant of 0.01418 min−1. The quenching effects of different scavengers indicate the significant role of reactive O2•– and a minor role of hVB+ and •OHads in the photocatalytic process. These findings underscore the potential of BiOI particles as efficient photocatalysts for environmental applications, particularly in the degradation of organic pollutants in water using solar light irradiation.

An Alternative Method for the Selective Synthesis of Ortho-nitro Anilines Using Bismuth Nitrate Pentahydrate.

Nitroaromatic compounds are important scaffolds used for the syn-thesis of a variety of compounds, such as explosives, herbicides, dyes, perfumes and phar-maceuticals. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is a widely used reagent in organic synthesis; how-ever, its utility as a nitrating agent for anilines is underexplored. The aim of this work is to propose and find the proper reaction conditions of an alternative nitrating agent constituted by a mixture of bismuth nitrate / acetic anhydride in DCM with a series of substituted anilines under mild reflux. Several anilines having both activating and deactivating substituents in the ortho, meta and para positions were the substrate for the nitration reaction. Experimental conditions were performed in "one-pot" conditions before product purification. Bi(NO3)3•5H2O demonstrated to be effective and somehow regioselective when it came to the nitration of anilines in the ortho position. Although other products were also identified under these conditions, in most cases, the ortho derivative was the major or even the only product obtained with moderate to high yields in the range of 50% - 96%. Bi(NO3)3•5H2O is an efficient and safe nitrating agent since the use of concen-trated and corrosive acids like sulfuric and nitric is avoided; furthermore, bismuth nitrate is low-priced and no special care nor equipment is required.

Cubic AgBiS2 Powder Prepared Using a Facile Reflux Method for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes.

The ternary chalcogenide AgBiS2 has attracted widespread attention in the field of photovoltaic and photoelectric devices due to its excellent properties. In this study, AgBiS2 powders with an average diameter of 200 nm were prepared via a simple and convenient reflux method from silver acetate, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, and n-dodecyl mercaptan. The adjustment of the ratios of Ag:Bi:S raw materials and of the reaction temperatures were carried out to investigate the significance of the synthesis conditions toward the composition of the as-synthesized AgBiS2. The results of XRD indicated that the powders synthesized at a ratio of 1.05:1:2.1 and a synthesis temperature of 225 °C have the lowest bismuth content and the highest purity. The synthesized AgBiS2 crystallizes in a rock salt type structure with the cubic Fm3¯m space group. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectra, and photocatalytic degradation performance were employed to characterize the as-synthesized samples. The results demonstrated that AgBiS2 powders display thermal stability; strong absorption in the ultraviolet, visible, and partial infrared regions; and an optical bandgap of 0.98 eV. The obtained AgBiS2 powders also have a good degradation effect on the methylene blue solution with a degradation efficiency of 58.61% and a rate constant of 0.0034 min-1, indicating that it is an efficient strategy for sewage degradation to reduce water pollution.

The mechanism of formation of bismuth-doped barium titanate ceramics via sol gel

In the present work, pure and bismuth-doped barium titanates have been prepared using the sol–gel method. The chemical formula used for the synthesis of bi-doped barium titanate is where the values of x have been chosen to be 0.00, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10, and 0.15. Barium acetate and titanium (IV) isopropoxide have been used as barium and titanium precursors, respectively. For bismuth doping, bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate has been used. The paper discusses the preparation mechanism, tolerance factor, and the thermal characterization (TGA/DSC) results of pure and bi-doped barium titanate ceramics.

Enhancing high sensitive hydrogen detection of Bi2O3 nanoparticle decorated TiO2 nanotubes

An electrochemical anodization technique was used to create a hydrogen gas sensor based on TiO2 nanotubes decorated with bismuth oxide (Bi2O3). Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) was employed as the source material for Bi2O3. The resulting nanotubes were annealed at 500 °C, revealing an amorphous structure with a mixed phase of rutile and anatase. Platinum (Pt) electrodes, with a thickness of 100 nm, were coated onto the Bi2O3@TiO2/Ti and TiO2/Ti structures for sensor testing. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to examine the structural, morphological, and surface properties of the Bi2O3@TiO2 and TiO2 nanotubes. The hydrogen sensing properties of the Pt/Bi2O3@TiO2/Ti and Pt/TiO2/Ti devices were evaluated at room temperature, with hydrogen concentrations ranging from 1000 ppm to 10 %. The I–V characterization of the sensor devices under 1 % H2 exhibited typical Schottky-type behavior. Remarkably, the Pt/Bi2O3@TiO2/Ti structure demonstrated a sensor response 1 × 107 times higher than that of in a dry air environment when the same voltage was applied under up to 1 % H2 conditions. The uniform dispersion of Bi2O3 nanoparticles throughout the structure contributed to the enhanced sensor response in the presence of H2.

In-situ construction of S-scheme (BiO)2CO3/TiO2 heterojunctions with enriched oxygen vacancies and enhanced photocatalytic performance

Solar energy is a sustainable, green, and clean energy source among all the energy sources. Photocatalytic degradation with the aid of solar energy has been the theme of wastewater treatment. In this work, (BiO)2CO3 (BOC) was synthesized on the surface of TiO2 in alkaline environment (pH = 10.0) using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate as the bismuth source and urea as the carbon source, thus S-scheme BOC/TiO2 heterojunctions were successfully in-situ constructed. The experimental consequences demonstrate that formation of BOC/TiO2 heterojunctions can induce rich surface OVs and generate a strong interfacial electric field between BOC and TiO2, which leads to the directional movement of photoinduced e−/h+ pairs. The effective segregation of photoexcited e−/h+ pairs can be attained by the collaborative action of surface OVs and the spatial electric field. After irradiation by a Xenon lamp for 60 min, the BOC/TiO2-3 sample accomplishes a decontamination efficiency of 98% and 97.5% for rhodamine B (RhB) and ciprofloxacin (CIP), respectively. Furthermore, the disintegration rate constant of RhB and CIP on the catalyst is 3.6-fold and 0.9-fold higher than that on the reference TiO2, respectively. According to the observations, segregation and migration of the carriers follows a S-scheme mechanism.

Effect of Small Change in Reaction Conditions on the Size of Monoclinic BiVO4 Nanoparticles and their Photocatalytic Abilities

AbstractBiVO4 is an effective material and highly used in different applications. Here, we have synthesized BiVO4 using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and ammonium metavanadate by simple reflux condensation method without addition of any surfactant. To check the effect on the structure and activity of BiVO4 different ratios of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to ammonium metavanadate e. g. 1 : 1, 1 : 2 and 2 : 1 were used. Obtained BiVO4 nanomaterial was successfully analysed using various analytical techniques such X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The nanoparticles were shown spherical morphology, high porosity and monoclinic scheelite (m) crystalline phase. It was observed that BiVO4 nanoparticles prepared using 1 : 1 ratio have very small size as compared to those prepared using other ratios. Further, the photocatalytic activity of the BiVO4 nanoparticles was assessed by photodegradation of crystal violet dye (CV) under visible light irradiation and found that the particles prepared with 1 : 1 ratio were showing high efficiency of degradation. In addition, prepared nanoparticles have shown good antibacterial properties.

A novel tertiary magnetic ZnFe2O4/BiOBr/rGO nanocomposite catalyst for photodegrading organic contaminants by visible light

A novel tertiary magnetic ZnFe2O4/BiOBr/rGO visible light-driven photocatalytic system was successfully synthesized from graphite, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, iron (III) nitrate, and zinc nitrate precursors. The produced materials were characterized regarding micro-structure, chemical composition and functional groups, surface charge properties, photocatalytic characteristics such as band gap energy (Eg), recombination rate of charge carriers, and magnetic properties. ZnFe2O4/BiOBr/rGO heterojunction photocatalyst exhibited a saturation magnetization of 7.5 emu/g, and a visible light response (Eg = 2.08 eV). Thus, under visible light, these materials could generate effective charge carriers responsible for forming free hydroxyl radicals (HO•) for degrading organic pollutants. ZnFe2O4/BiOBr/rGO also exhibited the lowest charge carriers recombination rate compared to all individual components. The construction of ZnFe2O4/BiOBr/rGO system resulted in 1.35 to 2.55 times higher in photocatalytic degradation of DB 71 compared to individual components. At the optimal conditions (0.5 g/L catalyst load and pH 7.0), the ZnFe2O4/BiOBr/rGO system could completely degrade 30 mg/L DB 71 after 100 min. DB 71 degradation process was best described by the pseudo-first-order model, with the coefficient of determination within the range of 0.9043–0.9946 for all conditions. HO• radicals were mainly responsible for degrading the pollutant. The photocatalytic system could be effortlessly regenerated, very stable, which showed an efficiency of >80.0 % after 5 repetitive runs regarding the DB 71 photodegradation. The photocatalyst was easily recovered by a magnet. This research provides a novel approach for producing an effective and practical photocatalyst that can be applied in real organic pollutants-containing waste water treatment systems.

Experimental investigation of the structural features of polycarbonate (PC) filled with bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (BNP) composite films in terms of free volume defects probed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy

The effect of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (BNP) on the properties and microstructural features of polycarbonate (PC) has been investigated using PALT, XRD, SEM, EDX, TG, ATR-FTIR and tensile mechanical measurements. Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy reveals that the ortho-positronium lifetime and its corresponding intensity significantly decrease as the filler level of BNP in PC (in the composite) increases from 0.3 wt% up to 5.0 wt%. This is due to the increasing fraction of positrons that annihilate with the filler particles and also in the interfacial layers of the filler and the host polymer. Fourier Transform Infrared spectra show that there is no significant shift in the IR bands of the composite when compared to those of pure PC, and so there is little molecular level interaction between PC and BNP. The micrographs of SEM revealed a random distribution of filler particles in the composite, and there is the formation of agglomerates of BNP at higher filler levels. There is an increase in the degree of crystallinity of the composite films due to the addition of the crystalline filler, which was confirmed by XRD analysis. Tensile mechanical tests confirmed the improved tensile strength of prepared composites at lower and moderate filler levels, from 0.0 wt % up to 2.5 wt%. The free volume properties of the composite films are correlated with its tensile mechanical properties.

Microwave-synthesized Bismuth oxide-graphene oxide composite as an electrode for supercapacitors

Bismuth oxide-graphene oxide (Bi2O3-GO) nanocomposite was synthesized from Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, and reduced graphene oxide by microwave combustion. The crystal structure, morphology, and the nanocomposite of Bi2O3-GO were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Its supercapacitors performance was studied as electrode materials on the electrochemical workstation. An electrochemical test of the sample at 800 W 120 s shows that the capacitance of Bi2O3-GO nanocomposite was 1029 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1 and excellent capacity retention of 80 % for 3000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance should be due to the abundant active sites provided by graphene oxide and the massive loading of Bi2O3 materials.

Effect of substrate temperature on the properties of Bi2O3 thin films grown by sol-gel spray coating

Bi2O3 thin films have been successfully deposited on glass substrate by sol-gel spray coating technique at different temperatures between 150 °C and 550 °C using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate as raw material. Thin films were then annealed at a temperature of 350 °C. This study aims to analyze the effect of substrate temperature on the structural, morphological, topological, and optical properties by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and UV–Vis Spectroscopy. The diffraction peak position of XRD showed that the as-obtained Bi2O3 thin films were crystalline and different substrate temperatures played a key role in the phase transition β→δ-Bi2O3. The morphology and topology of Bi2O3 show different results which are highly influenced by substrate temperatures whereas Bi2O3 thin film at 450 °C has the highest value of surface roughness. The skewness and kurtosis were also investigated. The optical study showed the band gap energy values of the as-obtained Bi2O3 thin film varied at different substrate temperatures between 2.35 eV and 2.78 eV.

Synthesis and characterization of bismuth oxide/commercial activated carbon composite for battery anode

Abstract Bismuth oxide has been considered as a promising electrode material due to the high theoretical capacity, low cost, and non-toxic nature. However, its application has been limited by the low electrical conductivity. In this work, bismuth oxide/commercial activated carbon composite were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate with concentrations of 8, 24, and 32 mmol were mixed with Na2SO4, NaOH, and commercial activated carbon. The mixture was then put into a hydrothermal reactor and heated at 110°C for 5 h. These composite materials can have a 102–105 higher electrical conductivity, depending on the bismuth oxide ratio, compared to both bismuth oxide and commercial AC separately.

Starch-Assisted Synthesis of Bi2S3 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Dielectric and Antibacterial Applications.

Starch [(C6H10O5) n ]-stabilized bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized in a single-pot reaction using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) and sodium sulfide (Na2S) as precursors. Bi2S3 NPs were stable over time and a wide band gap of 2.86 eV was observed. The capping of starch on the Bi2S3 NPs prevents them from agglomeration and provides regular uniform shapes. The synthesized Bi2S3 NPs were quasispherical, and the measured average particle size was ∼11 nm. The NPs are crystalline with an orthorhombic structure as determined by powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The existence and interaction of starch on the NP's surface were analyzed using circular dichroism. Impedance spectroscopy was used to measure the electronic behavior of Bi2S3 NPs at various temperatures and frequencies. The dielectric measurements on the NPs show high dielectric polarizations. Furthermore, it was observed that the synthesized Bi2S3 NPs inhibited bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) and demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity.

Preparation of BiOCl Photocatalyst and Its Finishing on Plasma Treated Polyester Fabric

Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium chloride were used as raw materials to prepare BiOCl photocatalyst at different pH values by a hydrothermal method. Polyester fabric was treated by plasma and then finished by BiOCl at different concentrations. BiOCl and BiOCl finished polyester fabric were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and DRS. The photocatalytic property of BiOCl and the self-cleaning activity of polyester fabric were tested. The degradation rate of rhodamine B in the presence of BiOCl prepared under acidic condition was as high as 98.3%. The self-cleaning effect and UV resistance of BiOCl finished polyester fabrics were significantly better than those of polyester fabric, and increased with the increase of BiOCl concentration. The tensile property did not change significantly.

Docking Investigation on Bis (Nitro Indazolyl) Methanes; Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity Towards Breast Cancer Applications

: Bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate (BN) was found to be a mild and efficient catalyst for the electrophilic condensation of 5-nitroindazole with a wide range of aldehydes to obtain Bis (5-nitro indazolyl) methanes 3 (a-h) at ambient temperature. This was structurally confirmed from FTIR, NMR, and HR-MS technique. Molecular docking studies of all compounds was carried out using breast cancer-causing human estrogen receptor (ER) from Molegro Virtual Docker software. Hydroxy Bis (nitro indazolyl) methanes (3b) were shown better binding affinities and the score obtained was -150.146 Kcal/mol compared with Tamoxifen drug. The major H-bond interactions were observed with the compound 3f and the value was -5.679. The antimicrobial activity results revealed that compounds 3b and 3d showed promising activity against bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and maximum inhibition against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Methoxy derivatives of Bis (nitro indazolyl methanes) (3e) have shown better antioxidant activity and low MIC (6.25 µg/ml) observed for the compounds 3a and 3b. The synthesized compounds have a very promising starting point for the development and improvement of anti-breast cancer drugs.