Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Research Articles

Hospital Water Birth: Interim Results of a Pilot Randomized Control Trial [ID 2683557

INTRODUCTION: Water birth is a method of pain relief during labor associated with decreased pain and increased satisfaction. Randomized control trials (RCTs) about water birth and safety outcomes are needed. We conducted an RCT of hospital water birth versus land birth to compare maternal/neonatal outcomes, and differences in analgesia/anesthesia use. This is an updated interim analysis of our findings (Clinical trial: NCT05175599). METHODS: After IRB approval, low-risk pregnant adults were offered study participation between 25 and 34 weeks of gestation. Enrollment began January 2022 using a computer-generated 2:1 (water birth-to-land birth) allocation ratio. Participants in both arms were offered routine care and all available pain relief, with those in the water birth arm given the additional option of birth in the tub. Participants in both groups were excluded if they developed risk factors, including hypertension, preterm labor, or nonvertex presentation. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. RESULTS: Overall, n=182 have been enrolled and n=157 have given birth. Following exclusions, n=96 (n=67 water birth, n=29 land birth) remained eligible for the study. Significantly fewer participants had epidural or intravenous narcotic analgesia in the water birth group (37.3% versus 82.8% land birth; P<.0001). Ultimately in the water birth group, n=35 (52.2%) gave birth in water. Using the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator scale, water birth patients expressed a significantly higher level of satisfaction (Mdn=33.0 versus 29.0 land birth; P=.009). To date, no adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION: These preliminary findings suggest that when offered to low-risk laboring people, hospital water birth reduces pain and increases satisfaction without leading to adverse events.

Translation and validation of Vietnamese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R)

ABSTRACT Background The 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is a quick and easy survey instrument recommended by the International Consortium for Health Outcome Measures as the tool of choice for measuring women’s birth satisfaction. Aim To translate and validate a Vietnamese-language version of the BSS-R. Method A quantitative cross-sectional method was used to gather data post translation and back-translation of a Vietnamese version of the BSS-R (VN-BSS-R). Data collected were psychometrically evaluated using key indices of validity and reliability. Participants Vietnamese women who were within one month postpartum of birth (N = 383) took part in the study. Results Findings illustrate that a two-factor model offered excellent psychometric properties. With the two-factor VN-BSS-R, five items loaded onto a subscale ‘Positive birth experiences’ and the other five onto a second subscale ‘Negative birth experiences’. This two-factor model offered a fit to data (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.07, 90% confidence interval [CI] [0.05, 0.09], root square mean residual [RMSE] = 0.04 and comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.97). Mean scores for the exploratory factor analysis [EFA]-derived ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ sub-scales were 17.12 (SD 2.34) and 8.40 (SD 4.18) respectively. Conclusion The translated and validated VN-BSS-R is a psychometrically robust tool for measuring birth satisfaction in Vietnamese postpartum women. The VN-BSS-R is available for use to measure experiences and perceptions of intrapartum care received by Vietnamese women.

Translation and validation of the Hungarian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R)

BackgroundEvidence relating maternal birth experience to a range of maternal and neonatal outcomes is increasingly compelling. Consequently valid and reliable self-report of birth experience from the mothers perspective is critical. AimThe current study sought to translate and validate a Hungarian-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). MethodFollowing forward and backwards translation into Hungarian, the Hungarian BSS-R (HU-BSS-R) was administered to women in a major Transylvanian hospital maternity unit within 72 h postpartum. Key psychometric characteristics were then examined in relation to factor structure, divergent and convergent validity, internal consistency, and known-groups discriminant validity. ResultsTwo-hundred and thirty-two women completed the HU-BSS-R. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the HU-BSS-R to offer an excellent fit to data for the established tri-dimensional measurement model. The HU-BSS-R was also found to offer excellent convergent and divergent validity and known-groups discriminant validity. No significant differences were observed between internal consistency observations between the current study and the original UK validation study. ConclusionsThe HU-BSS-R is a valid and reliable translation of the original BSS-R, it has proved itself to have excellent psychometric properties and is suitable for use in the Hungarian maternity context.

Measuring Women's Satisfaction with Childbirth: A Literature Review of Measurement Properties.

Patient satisfaction is an important indicator of the quality of care provided. Evaluating women's satisfaction with childbirth is essential to improving obstetric care and ensuring a positive experience for mothers and newborns. The tools used to measure women's satisfaction with childbirth are very heterogeneous and multidimensional. Assessment tools used in practice should be tested and meet characteristics that are consistently validated.The aim is to identify currently available instruments measuring women's satisfaction with childbirth and to evaluate their structure, content and psychometric properties. A systematic search for sources was carried out according to the criteria set. For the included studies, psychometric properties were assessed in accordance with the principles of the guideline for completing systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures, COSMIN. The review included 31 studies that reported the psychometric properties of six measurement instruments (questionnaires, scales). Content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, reliability and cross-cultural validity were assessed for the included studies. The Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ/CEQ2) and Birth Satisfaction Scale - Revised (BSS-R) were the most commonly used questionnaires in the studies. Thorough testing of tools measuring women's satisfaction with childbirth, and adapting them to cultural and social contexts, is still essential. It is crucial that valid and reliable questionnaires are available for midwives in practice, for use in research, to inform clinical practice and for the results to help develop the services offered.

Psychometric properties of a Saudi Arabian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R).

Maternal outcomes are closely associated with birth satisfaction, and the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R), a concise, multidimensional self-report measure, has undergone translation and validation internationally. However, research on birth satisfaction in Saudi Arabia is scarce. The absence of valid Arabic-language tools for the Saudi population may impede critical research on this topic, necessitating the translation and use of psychometrically sound instruments for measuring birth satisfaction in Saudi women. This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Saudi Arabian version of the BSS-R (SA-BSS-R). A total of 218 Saudi women participated in the study, and psychometric analysis of the translated SA-BSS-R involved confirmatory factor analysis, divergent validity analysis, and known-group discriminant validity assessment within a cross-sectional study design. The three-factor BSS-R measurement model displayed poor fit, and internal consistency fell below the threshold value. Additionally, it was observed that women undergoing an episiotomy had significantly lower overall SA-BSS-R scores. The SA-BSS-R manifested atypical measurement properties in this population. Despite insightful observations related to episiotomy, the identified measurement shortcomings highlight the need for a more robust and culturally sensitive translation to enhance measurement characteristics.

Risk factors associated with postpartum depression and PTSD after birth in a sample of Slovak women

BackgroundPregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period represent a unique experience in a woman's life that significantly changes their life. MethodsThe aim of the study is to analyse risk factors of postpartum depression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms after birth in a sample of women in Slovakia. Data from the INTERSECT project were collected, including 437 postpartum women (mean age 30.5 ± 4.8). Posttraumatic stress disorder was (PTSD) measured through the City BiTS questionnaire, postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms were detected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and birth satisfaction was measured by the Birth Satisfaction Scale- Revised (BSS-R). ResultsAn increased risk for the development of PPD (the EPDS score >12.5) was found in 11.4 % of respondents, PTSD after birth was identified among 2.8 % of respondents. In the linear regression models, birth satisfaction (95%CI: 0,56; −0,19), subjective perception of birth (95%CI: 0,82; 1,63), previous trauma (95%CI: 0,27; 3,74), respect during birth (95%CI: 5,08; −0,45), and health complications of both mother (95%CI: 0,12; 2,81) and child (95%CI: 1,53; 1,84) were found significantly associated with the posttraumatic stress symptoms after birth (total explained variance 37 %). Subjective perception of birth as traumatic (95%CI: 0,82; 1,63), previous trauma in the anamnesis (95%CI: 0,27; 3,74) and respect during birth (95%CI: 5,08; −0,45) were significantly associated with the depression symptoms (total explained variance 15 %). ConclusionSubjective perception of birth, birth satisfaction, previous trauma in anamnesis as well as lack of respect during birth were found as crucial risk factors for both PPD and postpartum PTSD.

Comparison of maternal outcomes in caring by Doula, trained lay companion and routine midwifery care

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in the care provided by Doula, trained lay companion, and routine midwifery care in the labor and obstetric units. In this study, only results related to maternal outcomes were presented.MethodThis is a quasi-experimental study, which was conducted on 150 women with low-risk pregnancies who had been selected for vaginal birth at private clinics and public hospitals of Arak, Iran. Participants were divided into three groups, two intervention groups, doula and trained lay companion, and one control group, midwife’s routine care. The intervention groups, in addition to receiving routine care from the labor and maternity units, also received support and training by doula or a trained lay companion, but 50 the control group received only routine midwifery care. In the control group and the trained companion, the samples were taken from 10 clinics of different parts of the city by random sampling method using the SIB center system. Then, among selected numbers, we randomly selected samples for each group. But in Doula group, because of limited number of samples, convenience sampling was used and all women enrolled in doula care were included in the study until the number reached 50. In each group, outcomes such as the duration of active phase and second stage of labor, as well as the severity of pain, anxiety and maternal satisfaction with birth were measured and compared with other groups. Data were collected by a researcher-made checklist, the Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Pain Visual Assessment Scale (VAS), and the Hollins Martin’s Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 statistical software using Kruskal Wallis, Chi-Square, ANOVA and Fisher’s exact tests.FindingsBased on the results, the mean duration of active phase between three groups was 234.68 ± 118.74, 256.66 ± 108.75 and 279 ± 94.37 min, respectively (p = 0.022). Also, the mean duration of second stage in three groups was 10 ± 5.61, 10.35 ± 5.1 and 22.30 ± 75.57 min, respectively (p < 0.001). The difference between mean pain scores in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth hours was not statistically significant. The average difference in anxiety score in the two stages of labor was higher in the lay companion group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001); however, the level of satisfaction in doula group was higher compared to the lay companion and control groups (p < 0.00 1).ConclusionAccording to present study, doula care has a greater effect on reducing the duration of labor than other care models. Based on the study, there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups in terms of variables such as the severity of labor pain. However, the level of anxiety of pregnant mothers in the group supported by lay companion was lower than the other two groups, which indicates the positive effect of mothers’ training on increasing maternal comfort and satisfaction. It is suggested that further research investigate the severity of labor pain in groups supported by different care models and also we recommend the use of lay companion’ support during childbearing of mothers who could not afford doula.Trail registrationThis article has been registered in Iran’s Clinical Trial Center with the code: IRCT20230620058548N1. 2023/08/29.

Translation and validation of the Japanese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised.

This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised and evaluate its reliability and validity. After translating the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised into Japanese, we conducted an Internet-based cross-sectional study with 445 Japanese-speaking women within 2 months of childbirth. Of these, 98 participated in the retest 1 month later. Data were analyzed using the COSMIN study design checklist for patient-reported outcome measurement instruments. Content validity was evaluated through cognitive debriefing during the translation process into Japanese. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify structural and cross-cultural validities. For hypothesis testing, we tested correlations with existing measures for convergent and divergent validities, and for known-group discriminant validity, we made comparisons between types of childbirth. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's α, and test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. For the Japanese-Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised, the established three-factor model fit poorly, whereas the four-factor model fit better. Full metric invariance was observed in both the nulliparous and multiparous groups. Good convergent, divergent, and known-group discriminant validities and test-retest reliability were established. Internal consistency observations were suboptimal; however for vaginal childbirth, the Cronbach's α of the total score was .71. The Japanese-Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised is a valid and reliable scale, with the exception of internal consistency that requires further investigation. If limited to vaginal childbirth, research, clinical applications, and international comparisons can be drawn.

The importance of communication and involvement in decision-making: A study in Ireland exploring birth satisfaction using the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R).

Evaluation in healthcare services has become a priority, globally1. The Government of Ireland has highlighted the importance of stakeholder engagement to identify the needs of women in the design and delivery of high-quality health services, driven by necessity rather than financial ability2. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R), an internationally validated tool, and recommended for measuring childbirth satisfaction by the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM)3; however, it has yet to be considered in the Irish context. The aim of the study was to explore birth satisfaction with a sample of new mothers in Ireland. A mixed-methods study was conducted including a survey that involved collection of data from the BSS-R 10-item questionnaire from 307 mothers over an 8-week period in 2019, in one urban maternity hospital in Ireland. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Qualitative data from the free-text comments of the survey questions were analyzed using content analysis. Overall, women reported positive relationships with their care providers and were satisfied with the communication and support they received, as well as high levels of control and choice. Postnatal care, however, was highlighted as being less satisfactory with staffing levels described as inadequate. Understanding women's birth experiences and what is important to them could facilitate midwives and other health professionals to improve the quality of their care and develop guidelines and policies that focus on women and their families' needs. The vast majority of women rated their birthing experience as extremely positive. The main elements of care that contributed to a positive birthing experience for women were quality relationships with clinicians, choice and control, and emotional safety.

Risk factors for a negative birth experience using the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised.

To evaluate the risk factors for a negative birth experience using the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) questionnaire. A cross-sectional study including women who gave birth at a single tertiary hospital between February 2021 and January 1, 2022. Birth satisfaction was measured using the BSS-R questionnaire. Maternal, pregnancy, and delivery characteristics were collected. Negative birth experience was defined as a BSS-R score lower than the median. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine the association between birth characteristics and negative birth experience. A total of 1495 women answered the questionnaire and were included in the analysis; 779 women comprised the positive birth experience group and 716 women comprised the negative birth experience group. Prior deliveries, prior abortions, and smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.52 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41-0.66]; aOR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.62-0.99]; aOR, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.27-0.99], respectively) were independently associated with lower risk of negative birth experience. Immigration, answering the questionnaires in person, and cesarean delivery were independently associated with increased negative birth experience risk (aOR, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.01-1.86]; aOR 1.37 [95% CI, 1.04-1.79]; aOR, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.52-2.41], respectively). Parity, prior abortions, and smoking were associated with a lower risk of negative birth experience, while immigration, answering questionnaires in person, and cesarean delivery were associated with a higher risk of negative birth experience.

Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R)

BackgroundOptimizing women's childbirth experience is essential for development of quality mother infant relationships. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) can be used to measure birth satisfaction. AimThe current investigation sought to translate and validate a Swedish version of the BSS-R. MethodFollowing translation, a comprehensive psychometric validation of the Swedish-BSS-R (SW-BSS-R) was carried out using a multi-model, cross-sectional, between- and within-subjects design. ParticipantsA total of 619 Swedish-speaking women participated, from which 591 completed SW-BSS-R and were eligible for analysis. Data analysisDiscriminant, convergent, divergent and predictive validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor structure were evaluated. ResultsThe SW-BSS-R was found to have excellent psychometric properties and hence is a valid translation of the original UK(English)-BSS-R. Important insights into relationships between mode of birth, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and postnatal depression (PND) were observed. Conclusions and implications for practiceThe SW-BSS-R is a psychometrically valid translation of the original BSS-R and is suitable for use in a Swedish-speaking population of women. The study has also highlighted important dynamics between birth satisfaction and areas of significant clinical concern (i.e., mode of birth, PTSD and PND) in Sweden.

Role of mode of induction and delivery and women’s satisfaction after induction of labour at term: An observational study

This cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating the impact of different modalities of induction of labour (IOL) and delivery on levels of woman’ satisfaction. All women aged 18 years or older, who underwent IOL for at-term pregnancy (≥41 weeks of gestation) in randomly selected days during the study period in 6 participating centres were eligible for the study. The questionnaire investigated women’s opinion regarding information about induction, pain control, length of induction, their experience about induction, labour and delivery and their attitude towards induction in a subsequent pregnancy. Women were also asked to fill in the Italian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R).A total of 300 women entered the study. The answer to the question about a “positive attitude towards induction in a subsequent pregnancy was “absolutely yes” or “yes” respectively in the 77.8%, 52.8% and 48.6% of women who were induced with oral drugs, vaginal drugs and Cook balloon (heterogeneity chi-square p = 0.05). The corresponding values for women who delivered vaginally or by caesarean section (CS) were 63.3% and 36.4% (chi-square p = 0.0009). The mean BSS-R total score was higher among women who underwent IOL with oral drugs than with vaginal drugs (p < 0.0001) or Cook Balloon (p < 0.0001), and among women who delivered vaginally than in those who delivered by CS (p < 0.0001). Women were asked “What do you think is important for a method of induction?”: 47.3% (95% CI 41.7%-53.0%) of women answered that “should make the induction as painless as possible”, 47.0% (95% CI 41.4%-52.7%) “should induce labour quickly”, 44.3% (95% CI 38.8%-50.0%) “should be safe for baby”.This study showed that vaginal delivery was associated with a higher rate of satisfaction among induced women. Considering mode of induction, oral drugs were associated with a higher level of satisfaction. Control of pain and quick induction were the most appreciated characteristics.

Effectiveness of an Early Skin-to-Skin Contact Program for Pregnant Women with Cesarean Section: A Quasi-Experimental Trial.

This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness of early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) after a cesarean section (CS) program. An "early SSC after CS" program was implemented at a tertiary care hospital in Tanzania. A non-equivalent group design was used. A questionnaire was used to collect data on exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding intention, Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator (BSS-RI) score, perioperative pain with a visual analogue scale, and infant hospitalization for infectious diseases and diarrhea at 2-3 days postpartum. Follow-up surveys were conducted until 4 months postpartum regarding exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding intention, and hospitalization of the infants. This study involved 172 parturient women who underwent CS, with 86 in the intervention group and 86 in the control group. The exclusive breastfeeding rates at 4 months postpartum were 57 (76.0%) in the intervention group and 58 (76.3%) in the control group, with no significant difference. The BSS-RI score was higher in the intervention group (7.91, range 4-12, SD 2.42) than in the control group (7.18, range 3-12, SD 2.02) (p = 0.007) for women who underwent emergency CS. The survival probability for infants hospitalized owing to infectious diseases, and diarrhea was significantly higher in the intervention group (98.5%) than in the control group (88.3%) (χ2 = 5.231, p = 0.022) for multiparas. The early SSC after CS program showed a positive effect on the birth satisfaction of women undergoing emergency CS. It also reduced the incidence of infants hospitalized owing to infectious diseases and diarrhea for multiparas.

Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Birth Satisfaction Scale–Revised in Portuguese postpartum women

ABSTRACT Objective This study aims to develop a Portuguese-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) for clinical and research use in Portugal (PT-BSS-R). The factor structure, its invariance across depression levels, and the internal consistency of the PT-BSS-R were analysed. Method A sample of 1373 Portuguese-speaking postpartum women completed a sociodemographic and clinical form, the PT-BSS-R, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale through an online survey tool. Four competing models were tested through confirmatory factor analyses and bifactor model-based psychometric indices were calculated. The internal consistency and the divergent/convergent validity are analysed. Results The psychometric properties of PT-BSS-R were found to be generally excellent. Both the original correlated three-factor model and the bifactor model exhibited a good fit to the data. Results from the bifactor model support the use of both the BSS-R total score and the subscale scores. Exemplary invariance findings were observed between groups stratified on the basis of depression screening. PT-BSS-R has demonstrated both divergent and convergent validity as well as internal consistency. Conclusion PT-BSS-R is a psychometrically robust measure of birth satisfaction appropriate for clinical and research use in Portugal.

Translation and validation of the Hindi-Indian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised.

Critical to maternal outcome and development of a healthy and relationship between mother and baby, is the woman's perception of her birth experience. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) has been demonstrated to be psychometrically robust, easily administered, and scored self-report measure of birth experience. Aim of the study was to translate the UK-BSS-R into Hindi, collect data, and psychometrically validate an Indian (Hindi)-BSS-R. Psychometric assessment of the Indian (Hindi)-BSS-R was undertaken following translation using a cross-sectional design. Evaluation of known-groups validity was undertaken using an embedded between-subjects component. Data were collected from (n= 312) postnatal Hindi speaking women in India. Measurement characteristics were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, divergent validity and internal consistency analysis. The measurement properties of the Indian (Hindi)-BSS-R were observed to be equivocal, with the established tri-dimensional measurement model not achieving best fit to data. Instead, an alternative two-factor model offered an excellent fit to data. Significant differences were observed between Indian (Hindi)-BSS-R scores and family type and gestation term status, which highlights the relevance of these contextual aspects to the Indian birth experience. Internal consistency was observed to be low on some sub-scales, indicating the potential need for future revision. The Indian (Hindi)-BSS-R is a measure of birth experience, which accepting some measurement caveats, is acceptable for use with Hindi speaking women in India. Further research is required to determine if modification of some of the items is required to improve internal consistency.

Adaptation of Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised to Turkish Society

Objective: The aim of this study was to adapt the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) to Turkish and test its reliability and validity.Methods: The methodological study was conducted in maternity ward of Iğdır State Hospital between the dates of 15.06.2016-15.09.2016. All of the women in the maternity ward that had given birth formed the population of the study. The study was completed by interviewing 219 volunteer women that are suitable for the criteria before making a sampling choice. Validity and reliability analysis, language and content validity, and explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis were tested by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.Results: The language validity of the BSS-R was provided by the translation-retranslation method, later its content validity was provided by making necessary changes in the direction of opinions of specialists. The scale in its final form was applied to women in the sample group after making pre-application. The factor analysis of scale was evaluated by explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis. It was obtained that factor load distribution of scale changes between 0.593-0.899 and keeps the three-dimensional structure it’s in original form. Factor load distribution of BSS-R of scale changes between 0.593-0.899 and keeps three-dimensional structure as its original form. Fit index values were found as x2/SD value 2.06, RMSEA 0.070, CFI 0.95, SRMR 0.078, GFI 0.93, AGFI 0.89 and NFI 0.92. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the 10-item BSS-R was 0.72, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficients of its sub-dimensions were between 0.70 and 0.78.Conclusion: It was obtained that BSS-R which was adapted to Turkish is a reliable, valid and suitable measurement instrument means for Turkish culture.

The impact of effective communication-based care on the childbirth experience and satisfaction among primiparous women: an experimental study

BackgroundThere is insufficient scientific evidence on the effect of communication skills of childbirth care providers on maternal childbirth experience and satisfaction. The present study aimed to determine the effect of communication-based care on the childbirth experience and satisfaction among primiparous women.MethodsA total of 80 primiparous women participated in this experimental study who were randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) care model, the intervention group received effective communication-based care, and the control group received the routine care. Data were collected using demographic and obstetric questionnaires, Labor Agentry Scale (LAS) and Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R), and Support and Control in Birth (SCIB) scale applied 12 to 24 h after the intervention.ResultsAfter controlling the effect of confounding variables, the mean scores of childbirth experience (51.23(1.54) and satisfaction (26.03(0.81) in the intervention group were significantly higher than that in the control group (45.33 (1.54) and 22.66 (0.81) respectively; [adjusted mean difference (AMD) = 5.90, CI = 95%: 1.17 to 10.62, P = 0.01] versus AMD =3.37, CI: 95%: 0.87 to 5.87, P = 0.001].ConclusionEeffective communication-based care improved childbirth experience and satisfaction of primiparous women. Therefore, it is recommended that health-care providers should be trained on the communication skills in the delivery room especially during a vital threatened crises such as the Covid pandemic.

Comparison of pregnant women’s anxiety, depression and birth satisfaction based, on their traumatic childbirth perceptions

This study was conducted to identify and compare pregnant women’s anxiety, depression, and birth satisfaction levels based on their traumatic childbirth perceptions. This study used a cross-sectional design. The data were collected at two stages, namely, the prenatal and postpartum stages. First, the Traumatic Childbirth Perception Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory were applied to the pregnant women. Next, in the postpartum period, the Childbirth Information Form and the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised were applied. It was found that the participants with high levels of traumatic childbirth perception had higher mean anxiety and depressive symptom scores (26.13 ± 11.30 and 16.16 ± 9.02, respectively), whereas the participants with low levels of traumatic childbirth perception had a higher mean birth satisfaction score (17.50 ± 4.91). The findings indicated that high levels of traumatic childbirth perception may lead to have anxiety and depression, while low levels of traumatic childbirth perception may enhance their birth satisfaction. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? In the literature, it is stated that the perception of a traumatic birth can lead to permanent or long-term negative consequences in women's lives, negatively affecting their future health, subsequent birth experiences, and family relationships. What do the results of this study add? In this study, 37.7% of the participants were found to have high levels of traumatic childbirth perception. It was determined that the anxiety and depression levels of the participants with high levels of perception of traumatic birth were higher, and the levels of birth satisfaction were higher in the pregnant women with low levels of perception of traumatic birth. The results indicated that severe depressive symptoms, severe anxiety, and low levels of birth satisfaction were likely to raise traumatic childbirth perception levels in pregnant women. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The care to be given under the leadership of midwifery professionals is important in terms of reducing pregnant women’s perceptions of a traumatic birth, anxiety, and depression levels and increasing their levels of birth satisfaction.

The ICHOM Standard Set for Pregnancy and Childbirth - Translation and Linguistic Adaptation for Germany.

Introduction The gathering of health and quality-of-life issues that matter most to patients over so-called patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is a key aspect of patient-centered healthcare. In obstetrics, this approach has the potential to expand the current understanding of what quality entails by including patient perspectives. The International Consortium for Health Outcome Measures (ICHOM), founded in 2012, is a global organization which aims to standardise the collection of PROs and make the results comparable worldwide. A PRO Set for obstetrics, “Pregnancy and Childbirth”, was published in 2018. The aim of our work was to translate the instruments of this set that are not yet available in German into German. Methods The instruments were translated from English into German using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) translation method. The translated instruments consisted of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form (BSES-SF), the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS), and the Birth Satisfaction Scale – Revised (BSS-R) as well as a number of individual questions (items). Results The final version of the German translations were found to be easily comprehensible by the target group. During the cognitive debriefing, it became clear that pregnant women and women who had just given birth often used a number of medically incorrect terms to refer to their symptoms or complaints. In the translations great care was taken to ensure that the wording was as close as possible to the general usage of the language while at the same time the terminology was medically correct. To achieve a precise but comprehensible translation, the response structure of the BSES-SF also had to be adapted. Conclusions The instruments of the ICHOM Standard Set “Pregnancy and Childbirth”, which were not previously available in German, were successfully translated into German. This meant dealing with a few challenges such as adapting questions or response structures. The cultural and linguistic comprehensibility of the German translations were confirmed during the subsequent cognitive debriefing. The translations offer the possibility of implementing the complete ICHOM Set for Pregnancy and Childbirth. This would provide an opportunity to expand the existing understanding of quality by including the subjective experience of women during and after childbirth and, in future, to compare outcomes with those of other hospitals across the world.

Translation and validation of the Czech Republic version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R)

ABSTRACT Background Satisfaction with the birth experience has been established to be critical for the wellbeing of the mother. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is a brief and psychometrically robust multi-dimensional self-report tool designed to assess birth experience. The current investigation sought to translate and validate a Czech Republic version of the BSS-R (CZ-BSS-R). Methods Following translation psychometric assessment of the CZ-BSS-R was undertaken using a cross-sectional design. A between-subjects design was incorporated in order to evaluate known-groups validity evaluation of the translated measure. Four hundred and sixty-five Czech-speaking women within the Czech Republic took part in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken and divergent and convergent validity and internal consistency characteristics also evaluated. Results The CZ-BSS-R was observed to have excellent psychometric properties and conceptually and measurement faithful to the original English-language measure. Consistent with previous investigations using the BSS-R significant differences were found in scores as a function of delivery type. Conclusions The CZ-BSS-R is a valid, robust and reliable measure of birth experience and suitable for use with Czech-speaking women in the Czech Republic. The study highlighted that instrument and emergency Caesarean section were associated with a lower level of birth satisfaction compared to vaginal delivery.