Biosorbent For Methylene Blue Removal Research Articles

Banana Stem (Musa balbisiana Colla) as Potential Biosorbent to Remove Methylene Blue Dye in Wastewater: Isotherm, Kinetic, Thermodynamic Studies and Its Application

Textile industries discharge various waste including dye waste to the environment. Dye waste such as methylene blue taints both aquatic and land ecosystem. Thus, the recent study employs banana stem (Musa balbisiana Colla), as an economical and environmentally friendly biosorbent for methylene blue removal. The chemically activated banana stem indicates the significant methylene blue uptake at pH 5, initial concentration of 800 mg L-1, contact time of 60 min, temperature at 25 °C with adsorption capacity of 71.5470 mg g-1. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965) and pseudo order model which involve monolayer and chemical adsorption. The thermodynamic evaluation shows that the adsorption process occurs spontaneously and exothermic. The regeneration process indicates that the banana stem can remove methylene blue up to 90% after five times adsorption-desorption cycles.

Agricultural Pea Waste as a Low-Cost Pollutant Biosorbent for Methylene Blue Removal: Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherm And Thermodynamic Studies

Biosorbents are an alternative pollutant adsorbent, usually sourced from waste biomass and requiring little to no treatment. This makes them cheaper than conventional adsorbents. In this paper, green pea (Pisum sativum) haulm was used as a biosorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue dye. The potential application of pea haulm as a biosorbent has not been investigated before. Characterisation using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravitational analysis showed the surface to be coarse, detected functional groups important for adsorption and identified the composition of key biomass components. The effects of particle size, contact time, agitation, dosage, solution pH, temperature and initial dye concentration on the removal of MB by pea haulm were investigated. Using the data from these studies, the best fitting kinetic and isotherm models were found and the thermodynamic properties were identified. The maximum theoretical adsorption capacity was 167 mg/g, which was relatively high compared to other recent biosorbent studies. The pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were the best fitting models. The biosorption process was exothermic and spontaneous at low temperatures. It was concluded that pea haulm was an effective adsorbent of methylene blue and could perhaps find application in wastewater treatment.

Ipomoea carnea: a novel biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous dye solution: kinetic, equilibrium and statistical approach

The biosorption potential of cost-effective and agricultural residue, Ipomoea carnea wood (ICW) was examined by the removal of cationic dye, methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The surface morphology, structural and thermal properties of untreated ICW were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA), respectively. The effects of different parameters namely concentration of biosorbent, initial pH, initial MB composition and temperature on biosorption capacity and biosorption (%) were studied. The kinetic and equilibrium models were developed to fit the experimental data on MB biosorption. The maximum biosorption capacity of 39.38 mg g−1 was obtained at 40 °C using Langmuir model. The removal of MB was found to be significantly varying with temperature. Box–Behnken design was applied to optimize the biosorption parameters. The optimized condition for MB biosorption was evaluated as dosage of 3.1 g L−1, pH of 7.04, Temperature of 49.1 °C, MB concentration of 30.48 mg L−1 and maximum biosorption (%) of 83.87. The regeneration of ICW was investigated by five cycles using a suitable eluting agent. Hence, ICW without any pretreatment and chemical modification is a potential candidate for the removal of MB in terms of availability and economy of the process. Novelty statement Ipomoea carnea wood (ICW) without any pretreatment explored a potential biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) in terms of availability and economy of the process. The physico-chemical properties of ICW characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis showed ICW as a promising biosorbent for MB removal. Presence of heterogeneous with rugged morphological structure, cavities, irregular shape and size of large pores provide the better biosorption capability for MB molecules using ICW without any pretreatment or chemical modification. Analysis of kinetic and isotherm models was performed to examine the better fitness of experimental data with model. Thermodynamic parameters indicating feasible and endothermic MB biosorption. Statistical design of experiments is used to optimize the condition and corresponding maximum MB removal using Derringer’s desired function methodology. Untreated ICW is a potential reusable biosorbents, effectively employed in successive biosorption and desorption process for the removal of MB from aqueous solutions.

Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Pumpkin-Seed Residue

Objective : Present research discussed the utilization of pumpkin-seed residue (PSR) after oil extraction with methanol as an adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.Method : The experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of PSR adsorbent dose (7.5-25 g/L), initial MB concentration (25-200 mg/L), contact time (30-120 min), pH (3-11), and temperature (293-333 K). Adsorption isotherms were modeled with the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The kinetic data were analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models.Results and Discussion : A pseudo-equilibrium state was reached within 30 min of contact time at low initial MB concentration (25-50 mg/L) and 90 min at high concentration (100-200 mg/L). Increasing pH and temperature caused an increase in adsorption capacity. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous with Gibb’s free-energy values ranging between -15.78 to -13.87 kJ/mol and endothermic with an enthalpy value of 0.011 kJ/mol. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 20.33 mg/g. Tempkin isotherm model clarified that the heat of sorption process was 6.28 J/mol. The adsorption kinetics was found to follow the pseudo-second order kinetics model and its rate constant was 0.002-0.278 g/mg･min.Conclusions : Findings of the present study indicated that the PSR can be successfully used for removal of MB from aqueous solution. Therefore, the PSR was shown to have good potential as a biosorbent for MB removal.

Sugarcane Bagasse as an Efficient Biosorbent for Methylene Blue Removal: Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamics.

Adsorption in biomass has proven to be a cost-effective option for treatment of wastewater containing dyes and other pollutants, as it is a simple and low cost technique and does not require high initial investments. The present work aimed to study the adsorption of methylene blue dye (MB) using sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The biomass was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption studies were conducted batchwise. Kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamics were studied. The results showed that SCB presented a maximum adsorption capacity of 9.41 mg g−1 at 45 °C after 24 h of contact time. Adsorption kinetics data better fitted the pseudo-second order model, indicating a chemical process was involved. The Sips’s three-parameter isotherm model was better for adjusting the data obtained for the adsorption isotherms, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption process. The process showed to be endothermic, spontaneous, and feasible. Therefore, it was concluded that SCB presented as a potential biosorbent material for the treatment of MB-contaminated waters.

Valorisation of Waste Wood Biomass as Biosorbent for the Removal of Synthetic Dye Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions

Background and Purpose: Wood and wood processing industries are generators of a substantial amount of waste wood biomass, such as wood chips, shavings and sawdust. Such waste is often unused and its disposal can be a serious environmental problem. Different lignocellulosic waste materials have been successfully used as low-cost adsorbents (biosorbents) for the removal of synthetic dyes, as well as other contaminants, from wastewater. The aim of this study was to valorise the waste wood biomass of ten tree species, out of which seven are the most represented species of the Croatian growing stock, as biosorbents for the removal of synthetic dye methylene blue (MB) from model solutions. Materials and Methods: The waste wood biomasses (shavings or sawdust) of ten tree species, namely common beech, pedunculate oak, sessile oak, common hornbeam, narrow-leafed ash, poplar, European silver fir, Norway spruce, European larch and Douglas fir, were dried and milled prior to characterisation and adsorption experiments. Characterisation of the biosorbents was performed by chemical analysis and Fourier transform Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Upon characterisation, batch adsorption experiments were conducted in order to survey waste wood biomass as potential adsorbents for the removal of synthetic dye MB. The colour removal was monitored spectrophotometrically at predetermined time intervals. Further adsorption experiments were performed using poplar sawdust. The effects of contact time, biosorbent concentration, initial dye concentration, and pH on the adsorption process were investigated. The experimental data obtained by batch adsorption experiments were analysed using adsorption isotherm models (Freundlich and Langmuir). Results: All the tested biosorbents were found to be very effective for the removal of MB from model dye solution, achieving high removal percentages ranging from 93.25 to 98.50%. Poplar sawdust proved to be the most effective. It was shown that MB adsorption process onto poplar sawdust could be interpreted in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggest that waste wood biomass has the potential to be used as a low-cost biosorbent for MB removal from aqueous solutions.

Microwave-Hydrothermal Treated Grape Peel as an Efficient Biosorbent for Methylene Blue Removal.

Biosorption using agricultural wastes has been proven as a low cost and efficient way for wastewater treatment. Herein, grape peel treated by microwave- and conventional-hydrothermal processes was used as low cost biosorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption parameters including the initial pH value, dosage of biosorbents, contact time, and initial MB concentration were investigated to find the optimum adsorption conditions. The biosorbent obtained by microwave-hydrothermal treatment only for 3 min at 180 °C (microwave-hydrothermal treated grape peel, MGP) showed faster kinetics and higher adsorption capability than that produced by a conventional-hydrothermal process (hydrothermal treated grape peel, HGP) with a duration time of 16 h. The maximum adsorption capability of MGP under the optimum conditions (pH = 11, a dosage of 2.50 g/L) as determined with the Langmuir model reached 215.7 mg/g, which was among the best values achieved so far on biosorbents. These results demonstrated that the grape peel treated by a quick microwave-hydrothermal process can be a very promising low cost and efficient biosorbent for organic dye removal from aqueous solutions.

BIOSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE BY WASTE APRICOT SHELLS FROM FOOD INDUSTRY

In this paper, the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution by biosorption ontoapricot shellshas been investigated through batch experiments. Apricot shells were chosen as alocally available and abundant waste from fruit juice industry. Methylene blue is common pollutantof waste waters from textile industry.The influence of initial MB concentration on biosorption process has been studied. Theexperimental data have been analysed using Langmuir and Freundlichisotherm models. TheLangmuir model better fits to experimental data, which explain monolayer adsorption. Maximumbiosorption capacity is 24,31 mg/g. A comparison of the biosorption capacity of waste apricot shellswith biosorption capacities of similar adsorbents previously investigated indicates that apricotshells could be a promising biosorbent for removal of MB from aqueous solution.

Lotus seedpod as a low-cost biomass for potential methylene blue adsorption.

The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) by low cost biomass lotus seedpod (LSP) was optimized by a central composite design combined with response surface methodology in aqueous solution. Solution pH, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied as independent variables at five levels each, respectively. Analysis of variance suggested the validity of the regression model. LSP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The kinetics revealed that the adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-second-order model. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to evaluate the adsorption, and the experimental data were better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the LSP was 157.98 mg g-1 at 30 °C for MB adsorption. In addition, 0.2 M HCl solution could be used for reusability of LSP via desorption tests. LSP was proven to be an available and effective biosorbent for MB removal from aqueous solution.

Valorization of the Spent Biomass of Pleurotus mutilus Immobilized as Calcium Alginate Biobeads for Methylene Blue Biosorption

The production of antibiotics in Algeria generates large amounts of residual biomass that should be considered a valuable biosorbent rather than waste. The aim of this work was to assess the use of antibiotic by-product biomass as a biosorbent for methylene blue removal from wastewater. Therefore, the biosorption of the cationic dye methylene blue by spent biomass of Pleurotus mutilus immobilized as calcium alginate biobeads (CAB) was studied in batch and column modes. The maximum uptake capacity was found to be 23 mg/g at a pH value of 10. Methylene blue biosorption by CAB was found to be spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption capacity of the used biobeads was regenerated in continuous mode by washing the CAB with HCl (0.5 M) solution. Globally, this work showed the high potential of CAB made with spent biomass of P. mutilus as a biosorbent for the treatment of water contaminated with methylene blue.

Methylene Blue Adsorption onto NaOH Treated <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> Leaf Power

The potential of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) modified Petai Belalang (Leucaenaleucocephala) leaf powder as a biosorbent for methylene blue removal from aqueous solutions was investigated. Adsorption parameters studied include initial dye concentration, pH, dosage, kinetics and isotherms. The pHzpc of chemically treated Leucaenaleucocephala leaf powder was 7.50 and adsorption equilibrium time was achieved after 60 min. The kinetic data was best represented by the pseudo-second order model. The maximum adsorption capacity predicted from Langmuir model was 208.33 mg g-1. This work indicated that NaOH treated Leucaenaleucocephala leaf powder can be an attractive biosorbent for MB removal from diluted industrial wastewater.

Potential biosorbent derived from Calligonum polygonoides for removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution.

The ash of C. polygonoides (locally called balanza) was collected from Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, and was utilized as biosorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution. The ash was used as biosorbent without any physical or chemical treatment. The biosorbent was characterized by using various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particle size and surface area were measured using particle size analyzer and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation (BET), respectively. The SEM and BET results expressed that the adsorbent has porous nature. Effects of various conditions such as initial concentration of methylene blue (MB), initial pH, contact time, dosage of biosorbent, and stirring rate were also investigated for the adsorption process. The rate of the adsorption of MB on biomass sample was fast, and equilibrium has been achieved within 1 hour. The kinetics of MB adsorption on biosorbent was studied by pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the pseudo-second-order has better mathematical fit with correlation coefficient value (R 2) of 0.999. The study revealed that C. polygonoides ash proved to be an effective, alternative, inexpensive, and environmentally benign biosorbent for MB removal from aqueous solution.

Coconut husk as a biosorbent for methylene blue removal and its kinetics study

Biosorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was studied with respect to the point of zero charge of coconut husk, dye concentration, particle size, pH, temperature, as well as adsorbent and NaCl concentration using coconut husk biomass. Amongst Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms studied, Langmuir adsorption isotherm showed better agreement. Pseudo second order kinetics model was found to be more suitable for data presentation as compared to pseudo first order kinetics model. Also, involvement of diffusion process was studied using intraparticle diffusion, external mass transfer and Boyd kinetic model. Involvement of intraparticle diffusion model was found to be more relevant (prominent) as compared to external mass transfer (in) for methylene blue biosorption by the coconut husk. Moreover, thermodynamic properties of MB biosorption by coconut husk were studied. Desorption of methylene blue from biomass was studied with different desorbing agents, and the highest desorption achieved was as low as 7.18% with acetone, which indicate stable immobilization. Under the experimental conditions MB sorption was not significantly affected by pH, temperature and adsorbent concentration but low sorption was observed at higher NaCl concentrations.

Biosorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions by a waste biomaterial: hen feathers

Biosorption potential of hen feathers (HFs) to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions was investigated. Batch experiments were carried out as function of different process parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration, biosorbent dose and temperature. The optimum conditions for removal of MB were found to be pH 7.0, biosorbent dose = 1.0 g, and initial dye concentration = 50 mg L−1. The temperature had a strong influence on the biosorption process. Experimental biosorption data were modeled by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherms with the Langmuir isotherm showing the best fit at all temperatures studied. The maximum monolayer sorption capacity was determined as 134.76 mg g−1 at 303 K. According to the mean free energy values of sorption (E) calculated using the D–R isotherm model, biosorption of MB onto HFs was chemisorption. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption of MB followed pseudo second-order kinetics. The activation energy (Ea) determined using the Arrhenius equation confirmed that the biosorption involved chemical ion-exchange. Thermodynamic studies showed that the biosorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. To conclude, HFs is a promising biosorbent for MB removal from aqueous solutions.