The imperative in transitioning to a low-carbon economy involves capturing and utilizing CO2 emissions from industrial sources. Within this framework, microalgae are widely acknowledged for their capacity to sequester CO2 and biologically convert it into high-energy-content biomass. This biomass subsequently finds applications in the production of biofuels and chemical compounds. Within the biorefinery framework, microalgae biomass undergoes pyrolysis with appropriate catalysts, producing renewable hydrocarbons. This process is significant for developing biofuels intended for aviation and maritime transport. To bolster the technological advancement of microalgae biomass conversion into renewable hydrocarbons, a bibliometric analysis of articles on catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae published in the Scopus search platform was conducted. This analysis identified the first article published in 1990, with publications continuing to the present. Utilizing bibliometric and content analyses, this study emphasized key topics in research and development, evaluating the current state of research on the catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae. A total of 178 articles were identified on the Scopus search platform, with 68 % of these scientific contributions published in the last 5 years. This underscores a recent surge in interest and acknowledgment of emerging technologies centered around decarbonization and biofuel generation directly tied to the catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae. As per bibliometric analysis, the leading three countries in terms of scientific contributions in this field were, sequentially, China, the United States, and Brazil. The journal Bioresource Technology offered the most extensive coverage of catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae. The principal challenges impeding the advancement of catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae from laboratory to industrial scale encompass the substantial energy consumption for thorough microalgae biomass drying, a limited comprehension of kinetic reactions and associated mechanisms, and a need for more results from pilot-scale experiments. Future research directions encompass the development of cost-effective and efficient catalysts for application in pyrolysis.