Biopsy-proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Research Articles

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Comprehensive Assessment of Prostate Volume, Morphology, and Composition Better Reflects the Correlation With International Prostate Symptom Score

To investigate the application of multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) for comprehensive evaluation of the correlation between the characteristics of the transitional zone and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We retrospectively recruited 210 patients with biopsy-proven BPH who underwent preoperative mp-MRI and were assigned an IPSS. The evaluation indicators included prostate volumetric parameters [total prostate volume (TPV), transition zone volume (TZV), and transition zone index (TZI, TZI=TZV/TPV)], prostate morphological parameters [intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP), and presumed circle area ratio (PCAR)] and prostate compositional parameters [apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and mean signal intensity of T2WI (mean-SI-T2WI)]. The Pearson (r) correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression analysis were used to build a regression model for evaluating the correlation between MRI-derived parameters and IPSS, IPSS-storage symptom (IPSS-ss), IPSS-voiding symptom (IPSS-vs). Significant correlations were found between IPSS, IPSS-ss, IPSS-vs and prostate MRI-derived parameters, including TPV (r=0.350; r=0.466; r=0.225, P<0.001), TZV (r=0.374; r=0.492; r=0.243, P<0.001), TZI (r=0.383; r=0.313; r=0.354, P<0.001), PCAR (r=0.481; r=0.356; r=0.469, P<0.001), ADC(r=-0.198; r=-0.053; r=-0.239, P<0.05) and mean-SI-T2WI (r=-0.626; r=-0.310; r=-0.687, P<0.001) respectively. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the impact of mean-SI-T2WI and TZI on total IPSS were statistically significant (P<0.05), and the regression equation established with the analysis [IPSS=39.224+8.469×TZI+(-0.09)×(mean-SI-T2WI)] was statistically significant (F=104.995, P<0.001). Mp-MRI could be used to evaluate the volume and morphology of BPH. In particular, mean-SI-T2WI and ADC could be used to describe the internal composition of the prostate. The imaging parameters were effective for evaluating BPH.

Relationship of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) and Prostate Volume in Patients with Biopsy Proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Abstract Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common benign tumors in men with prevalence ranging from 50% for men in their 60s to 90% for men in their 80s. The researcher sought to determine the relationship of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. This study was based on 33 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the Department of Urology, RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya that diagnosed by histopathology examination. Cases with malignancy, acute urinary retention and prostatitis were excluded. The variables of prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume were examined. The results of this study found that 33 men were enrolled with mean PSA 16,04 ng/ml and a mean prostate volume of 49,13 ml. Overall, 84,8% had PSA level &gt;4 ng/ml and 90,9% had prostate volume &gt;25 ml. Prostate-specific antigen has significant correlation with prostate volume (p=0,019; r=0,362). This study concluded that prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume showed a significant correlation. Keywords : benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate specific antigen, prostate volumeCorrespondence : anny_sr@fk.unair.ac.id

Does prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mass or free PSA mass improve the accuracy of predicting total prostate volume in relation to obesity in men with biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia?

We evaluated whether the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mass or free PSA (fPSA) mass (i.e., absolute amount of total circulating PSA or fPSA protein, respectively), versus serum PSA or fPSA concentration, improves the accuracy of predicting the total prostate volume (TPV) in relation to obesity. Among men whose multicore (≥12) transrectal prostate biopsy was negative, 586 who had a PSA of ≤10 ng ml−1 and underwent the fPSA test prior to biopsy were enrolled. The PSA mass or fPSA mass (μ g) was calculated by multiplying the serum level by plasma volume. At each TPV cut-off point (30 ml, 40 ml, and 50 ml), the areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUCs) of each variable were compared in obesity-based subgroups. AUCs of fPSA and fPSA mass for predicting TPV were significantly larger than those for PSA and PSA mass by 8.7%–12.1% at all cut-off points. Subgroup analyses based on obesity showed that, although PSA mass and fPSA mass enhanced accuracy by 4% (P = 0.031) and 1.8% (P = 0.003), respectively, for determining TPVs of ≥30 ml and ≥50 ml in obese and overweight men, they did not improve the accuracy in most other combinations of the degrees of obesity with TPV cut-off points. Thus, compared with serum PSA or fPSA, the absolute amount of PSA or fPSA protein mass improved the accuracy of predicting TPV in obese men very minimally and only for certain TPV cut-off points. Hence, these indicators may not provide clinically meaningful improvement in predicting TPV in obese men.

PD56-07 COMPARISON WITH DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE BETWEEN ABERRANT GLYCOSYLATED S2,3PSA TEST AND CONVENTIONAL PSA TESTS

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Markers II1 Apr 2018PD56-07 COMPARISON WITH DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE BETWEEN ABERRANT GLYCOSYLATED S2,3PSA TEST AND CONVENTIONAL PSA TESTS Tohru Yoneyama, Tomokazu Ishikawa, Yuki Tobisawa, Shingo Hatakeyama, Mutsuhiro Date, Kenji Nakamura, Shintaro Narita, Koji Mitsuzuka, Wilhelmina Duivenvoorden, Jehonathan H. Pinthus, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Takuya Koie, Tomonori Habuchi, Yoichi Arai, and Chikara Ohyama Tohru YoneyamaTohru Yoneyama More articles by this author , Tomokazu IshikawaTomokazu Ishikawa More articles by this author , Yuki TobisawaYuki Tobisawa More articles by this author , Shingo HatakeyamaShingo Hatakeyama More articles by this author , Mutsuhiro DateMutsuhiro Date More articles by this author , Kenji NakamuraKenji Nakamura More articles by this author , Shintaro NaritaShintaro Narita More articles by this author , Koji MitsuzukaKoji Mitsuzuka More articles by this author , Wilhelmina DuivenvoordenWilhelmina Duivenvoorden More articles by this author , Jehonathan H. PinthusJehonathan H. Pinthus More articles by this author , Yasuhiro HashimotoYasuhiro Hashimoto More articles by this author , Takuya KoieTakuya Koie More articles by this author , Tomonori HabuchiTomonori Habuchi More articles by this author , Yoichi AraiYoichi Arai More articles by this author , and Chikara OhyamaChikara Ohyama More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.2639AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer (PCa) is a major issue worldwide. Maackia amurensis lectin (MAA) preferably binds to a2,3linked sialic acid glycans (S2,3-glycan), and its S2,3-glycan carrying prostate-specific antigen (S2,3PSA) is significantly increase in PCa. The aim of this study to compare the diagnostic performance between serum %S2,3PSA measured by automated micro-total immunoassay systems (μTAS system) and conventional PSA test. We also examined stability of serum S2,3PSA under various storage condition. METHODS Between 2008 and 2018, serum %S2,3PSA levels before prostate biopsy (Pbx) were measured in 175 biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and 90 PCa patients using μTAS based automated immunoassay. Diagnostic performance of serum S2,3PSA test was evaluated using area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS The AUC of serum %S2,3PSA (0.7923-0.8090) detecting PCa was much higher than those of PSA (0.5041-0.5481) and F/T ratio (0.7537-0.7321) in any PSA range and the specificity of %S2,3PSA (40.3-42.2%) at 90% sensitivity was much superior to total PSA (17.7-12.2%) and F/T ratio (35.5-36.7%) in any PSA range. The number patients with %S2,3PSA greater than 48% was significantly increased in patients with higher Gleason (more than 4+3) tumor. CONCLUSIONS Although the present results are preliminary, the newly developed μTAS platform for measuring %S2,3PSA can achieve the required assay performance specifications for use in the practical and clinical setting and may improve the accuracy of PCa diagnosis. Additional validation studies are warranted. © 2018FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 199Issue 4SApril 2018Page: e1064 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2018MetricsAuthor Information Tohru Yoneyama More articles by this author Tomokazu Ishikawa More articles by this author Yuki Tobisawa More articles by this author Shingo Hatakeyama More articles by this author Mutsuhiro Date More articles by this author Kenji Nakamura More articles by this author Shintaro Narita More articles by this author Koji Mitsuzuka More articles by this author Wilhelmina Duivenvoorden More articles by this author Jehonathan H. Pinthus More articles by this author Yasuhiro Hashimoto More articles by this author Takuya Koie More articles by this author Tomonori Habuchi More articles by this author Yoichi Arai More articles by this author Chikara Ohyama More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Wisteria floribunda Agglutinin and Its Reactive-Glycan-Carrying Prostate-Specific Antigen as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Prostate Cancer.

Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) preferably binds to LacdiNAc glycans, and its reactivity is associated with tumor progression. The aim of this study to examine whether the serum LacdiNAc carrying prostate-specific antigen–glycosylation isomer (PSA-Gi) and WFA-reactivity of tumor tissue can be applied as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of prostate cancer (PCa). Between 2007 and 2016, serum PSA-Gi levels before prostate biopsy (Pbx) were measured in 184 biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and 244 PCa patients using an automated lectin-antibody immunoassay. WFA-reactivity on tumor was analyzed in 260 radical prostatectomy (RP) patients. Diagnostic and prognostic performance of serum PSA-Gi was evaluated using area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC). Prognostic performance of WFA-reactivity on tumor was evaluated via Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and nomogram. The AUC of serum PSA-Gi detecting PCa and predicting Pbx Grade Group (GG) 3 and GG ≥ 3 after RP was much higher than those of conventional PSA. Multivariate analysis showed that WFA-reactivity on prostate tumor was an independent risk factor of PSA recurrence. The nomogram was a strong model for predicting PSA-free survival provability with a c-index ≥0.7. Serum PSA-Gi levels and WFA-reactivity on prostate tumor may be a novel diagnostic and pre- and post-operative prognostic biomarkers of PCa, respectively.

Pentraxin 3: a novel biomarker for predicting progression from prostatic inflammation to prostate cancer.

Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a member of the pentraxin family of innate immune regulators, which includes C-reactive protein (CRP). PTX3 has been implicated in angiogenesis, proliferation, and immune escape in cancer. In the present study, we evaluated PTX3 tissue expression and serum concentration as a biomarker to discriminate prostatic inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from prostate cancer, and to determine whether PTX3 status may predict progression from BPH to prostate cancer. We analyzed 40 patients with biopsy-proven BPH who underwent a second prostate biopsy 12 to 36 months later when they were diagnosed with prostate cancer or inflammation/BPH (n = 20 patients each group). Furthermore, we evaluated PTX3 serum concentrations in an independent set of patients with biopsy-proven inflammation/BPH (n = 61) and prostate cancer (n = 56). We found reduced PTX3 tissue expression in patients with prostatic inflammation/BPH compared with patients who developed prostate cancer. In the latter group, there was an increase in PTX3 tissue expression between the first and second prostate biopsy. PTX3 serum levels were also higher in patients with prostate cancer than in patients with inflammation/BPH. In contrast, there was no difference in serum PSA or CRP levels in these two groups. ROC curve analysis confirmed the reliability of PTX3 serum levels in predicting prostate cancer development, identifying a cutoff value of 3.25 ng/mL with a sensitivity and a specificity of 89.3% and 88.5%, respectively. In summary, our results encourage further evaluation of PTX3 as a tissue biopsy and blood-borne biomarker to discriminate BPH from prostate cancer.

A novel equation and nomogram including body weight for estimating prostate volumes in men with biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia

Anthropometric measurements, e.g., body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), as well as serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and percent-free PSA (%fPSA) have been shown to have positive correlations with total prostate volume (TPV). We developed an equation and nomogram for estimating TPV, incorporating these predictors in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A total of 1852 men, including 1113 at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Hospital as a training set and 739 at Cancer Institute Hospital (CIH) as a validation set, with PSA levels of up to 20 ng ml(-1), who underwent extended prostate biopsy and were proved to have BPH, were enrolled in this study. We developed an equation for continuously coded TPV and a logistic regression-based nomogram for estimating a TPV greater than 40 ml. Predictive accuracy and performance characteristics were assessed using an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and calibration plots. The final linear regression model indicated age, PSA, %fPSA and BW as independent predictors of continuously coded TPV. For predictions in the training set, the multiple correlation coefficient was increased from 0.38 for PSA alone to 0.60 in the final model. We developed a novel nomogram incorporating age, PSA, %fPSA and BW for estimating TPV greater than 40 ml. External validation confirmed its predictive accuracy, with AUC value of 0.764. Calibration plots showed good agreement between predicted probability and observed proportion. In conclusion, TPV can be easily estimated using these four independent predictors.

Changes in Prostate Specific Antigen in Hypogonadal Men After 12 Months of Testosterone Replacement Therapy: Support for the Prostate Saturation Theory

We measured prostate specific antigen after 12 months of testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men. Data were collected from the TRiUS (Testim® Registry in the United States), an observational registry of hypogonadal men on testosterone replacement therapy (849). Participants were Testim naïve, had no prostate cancer and received 5 to 10 gm Testim 1% (testosterone gel) daily. A total of 451 patients with prostate specific antigen and total testosterone values were divided into group A (197 with total testosterone less than 250 ng/dl) and group B (254 with total testosterone 250 ng/dl or greater). The groups differed significantly in free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin, but not in age or prostate specific antigen. In group A but not group B prostate specific antigen correlated significantly with total testosterone (r=0.20, p=0.005), free testosterone (r=0.22, p=0.03) and sex hormone-binding globulin (r=0.59, p=0.002) at baseline. After 12 months of testosterone replacement therapy, increase in total testosterone (mean±SD) was statistically significant in group A (+326±295 ng/dl, p<0.001; final total testosterone 516±28 ng/dl) and group B (+154±217 ng/dl, p<0.001; final total testosterone 513±20 ng/dl). After 12 months of testosterone replacement therapy, increase in prostate specific antigen was statistically significant in group A (+0.19±0.61 ng/ml, p=0.02; final prostate specific antigen 1.26±0.96 ng/ml) but not in group B (+0.28±1.18 ng/ml, p=0.06; final prostate specific antigen 1.55±1.72 ng/ml). The average percent prostate specific antigen increase from baseline was higher in group A (21.9%) than in group B (14.1%). Overall the greatest prostate specific antigen was observed after 1 month of treatment and decreased thereafter. Patients with baseline total testosterone less than 250 ng/dl were more likely to have an increased prostate specific antigen after testosterone replacement therapy than those with baseline total testosterone 250 ng/dl or greater, supporting the prostate saturation hypothesis. Clinicians should be aware that severely hypogonadal patients may experience increased prostate specific antigen after testosterone replacement therapy.

Correlation between Serum Prostate Specific Antigen and Prostate Volume in Nigerian Men with Biopsy Proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: (A prospective study)

Objectives: We studied the correlation between serum prostate specific antigen and the volume of prostate in Nigerian men with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasiaPatients/Material and Methods: A total of 120 men with biopsy proven stromoglandular hyperplasia were included in the study. We analyzed PSA and total prostate volume (TV) measured by transabdominal ultrasound. We used Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression model to describe the relationship between variables. RESULTS: The mean age of patients recruited for the study was 65.6years. The mean total prostate volume recorded in the study was 72.79mls ±44.38mls and mean PSA was 12.44±15.49ng/ml. Serum PSA level significantly correlated with TV (P<0.05). The Pearson correlation between PSA and TV was 0.3365 while that between age and PSA was 0.026. Conclusions: In Nigerian men with biopsy proven BPH the volume of the prostate significantly correlated with serum PSA. There was no significant correlation between age and PSA.

Relationships between total/free prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume in Chinese men with biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia

This study investigated relationships between total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA), and prostate volume (PV) in Chinese men with biopsy-proven BPH, and analyzed whether fPSA performed better than tPSA at estimating thresholds of PV. From 2003 to 2008, a total of 286 patients with a PSA less than 10 ng/ml and biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia were included in this study. The relationships between age, PV, tPSA, and fPSA were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate and compare the ability of serum tPSA and fPSA to estimate thresholds of PV in men with biopsy-proven BPH. Among relationships between tPSA, fPSA, age, and PV, the highest correlation was found between fPSA and PV (r = 0.456, P < 0.001); the correlation coefficient was much lower between tPSA and PV (r = 0.278, P < 0.001). The ROC curves revealed that the performance of fPSA at predicting threshold prostate sizes (30, 40, and 50 ml) showed areas under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.72 to 0.75, denoting better discrimination of PV than that achieved by use of tPSA. Although tPSA significantly correlated with PV in Chinese men with biopsy-proven BPH, the correlation between fPSA and PV was much stronger, and fPSA performed significantly better than tPSA at predicting thresholds of PV. fPSA may be used to estimate PV and could be a useful tool in making therapeutic decisions in Chinese men with BPH.

Contrast-Enhanced Transrectal Ultrasound for Assessing Vascularization of Hypoechoic BPH Nodules in the Transition and Peripheral Zones: Comparison with Pathological Examination

The purpose of this study was to investigate the vascularization of zonal location of hypoechoic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) nodules and to evaluate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CETRUS) for assessing vascularity of hypoechoic BPH nodules. Sixty-two patients with hypoechoic biopsy-proven BPH nodules in transition zone (TZ) (32 patients) or peripheral zone (PZ) (30 patients) of the prostate gland underwent CETRUS examination between January 2006 and September 2006. The enhancement characteristics of hypoechoic BPH nodules were observed and time to enhancement (AT), time to peak intensity (TTP) and peak intensity (PI) were measured with ACQ time-intensity curve analysis software. In addition, microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunoreactivity were determined in the biopsy specimens. Microvessels were identified by immunohistochemical staining of endothelial cells for CD34. Findings were compared between hypoechoic BPH nodules located in PZ and TZ. The most common enhancement characteristic of hypoechoic BPH nodules in PZ was nonenhanced area inside (21/30), while most of hypoechoic BPH nodules in TZ appeared homogeneous enhancement (28/32). The average AT and TTP were significantly longer, the average PI was significantly lower in hypoechoic BPH nodules located in PZ than TZ ( p < 0.01). The VEGF expression and MVD were significantly higher in hypoechoic BPH nodules located in TZ than PZ ( p < 0.01). PI was found to be an important parameter strongly correlated with degree of vascularity of hypoechoic BPH nodules. Hypoechoic BPH nodules located in PZ and TZ showed significant difference in vascularization, which indirectly verified our finding that BPH nodule could occur in the peripheral zone. CETRUS could afford information on the vascularity of hypoechoic BPH nodules in a noninvasive manner and this could be used to improve selection of nodules for biopsy. (E-mail: yjc301301@163.com)

Relationship of Prostate-Specific Antigen and Prostate Volume in Korean Men with Biopsy-Proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

To investigate the relationship between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume in a histologically defined subset of Korean men confirmed to have benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) only from multicore biopsy of prostate. A total of 707 Korean men with a PSA level of 10 ng/mL or lower who were shown to have stromoglandular hyperplasia only from transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided multicore biopsy of prostate were included in the study. We analyzed PSA and total prostate volume (TV) measured through TRUS by stratified age cohorts. We used Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and linear regression model to describe the relationship between variables. Serum PSA level significantly correlated with TV in all stratified age cohorts, with r ranging from 0.29 to 0.47 (all P <0.001). Meanwhile, the degree of correlation appeared to increase with age. The slope of linear regression showing an association of PSA and TV was 3.68. The PSA increase per unit prostate volume decreased with the advancing cohort of age when we excluded subjects 70 years or older. Although PSA was significantly correlated with TV, the exact nature of the relationship between PSA and TV in Korean men with biopsy-proven BPH may be different from that in other races. Further basic research on the pathophysiology of BPH is needed to explain such a racial difference.

Correlation Between Serum Prostate Specific Antigen and Prostate Volume in Taiwanese Men With Biopsy Proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

We studied the correlation between serum prostate specific antigen and the volume of different zones of the prostate in Taiwanese men with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia. A total of 233 patients with a mean age of 71.4 years (range 42 to 89), serum prostate specific antigen less than 10 ng/ml and pathologically confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia were enrolled in this study. Total prostate and transitional zone volumes were measured with transrectal ultrasonography. Peripheral zone volume was determined by subtracting transitional zone volume from total prostate volume. Correlations between patient age, total serum prostate specific antigen and the volume of each prostate zone were analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. A linear regression model was used to determine the relationship between prostate specific antigen and prostate volume. The prostate specific antigen-prostate volume relationship in our patients was compared with published data on white and Japanese men. Age did not significantly correlate with serum prostate specific antigen and prostate volume. Serum prostate specific antigen significantly correlated with the volume of each prostate zone. After log transformation the Pearson correlation coefficient between total prostate specific antigen and the volume of the whole prostate gland, the transitional zone and the peripheral zone were 0.369, 0.377 and 0.272, respectively (p <0.001). Taiwanese men had lower prostate volume per unit prostate specific antigen comparing with white men, while the prostate specific antigen-total prostate volume relationship between Taiwanese and Japanese men was similar. In Taiwanese men with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia the volume of each prostate zone has significantly correlates with serum prostate specific antigen. The prostate specific antigen-total prostate volume relationship in Taiwanese men is different from that in white men. However, the prostate specific antigen-total prostate volume relationship between Taiwanese and Japanese men is similar.

428Correlation between serum prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume in Taiwanese men with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia

428Correlation between serum prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume in Taiwanese men with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia

Relationship of prostate‐specific antigen and prostate volume in patients with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia

BACKGROUND Emerging data suggest a direct correlation between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and clinical evidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We attempt to confirm that a similar correlation exists between PSA and prostate volume in patients with biopsy-proven BPH. METHODS Over a 5 year period, 2,270 patients were confirmed to have BPH as the only histological diagnosis after evaluation with serum PSA, trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy, and prostate volume measurement. PSA and prostate volume were statistically analyzed by age-stratified cohorts, including multiple regression analysis and assessment of correlation using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS Mean PSA and prostate volume increased with each advancing cohort of age, and the correlation of PSA and prostate volume was determined to be statistically significant (P < 0.001) in each cohort with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.33 to 0.41. CONCLUSIONS We confirm that the relationship between PSA and prostate volume in a large series of patients with biopsy-proven BPH provides a comparable correlation to data for patients with LUTS and clinical BPH. As such, PSA represents a valuable approximation of prostate volume, and may prove to be clinically useful in the management of patients with BPH. Prostate 45:315–319, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Relationship of prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume in patients with biopsy proven benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Emerging data suggest a direct correlation between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and clinical evidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We attempt to confirm that a similar correlation exists between PSA and prostate volume in patients with biopsy-proven BPH. Over a 5 year period, 2,270 patients were confirmed to have BPH as the only histological diagnosis after evaluation with serum PSA, trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy, and prostate volume measurement. PSA and prostate volume were statistically analyzed by age-stratified cohorts, including multiple regression analysis and assessment of correlation using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Mean PSA and prostate volume increased with each advancing cohort of age, and the correlation of PSA and prostate volume was determined to be statistically significant (P < 0.001) in each cohort with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.33 to 0.41. We confirm that the relationship between PSA and prostate volume in a large series of patients with biopsy-proven BPH provides a comparable correlation to data for patients with LUTS and clinical BPH. As such, PSA represents a valuable approximation of prostate volume, and may prove to be clinically useful in the management of patients with BPH.

Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Is Useless for the Detection of Local Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy

Objective: After radical retropubic prostatectomy a rise of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) indicates a local recurrent or metastatic disease. If the bone scan shows no apparent bone metastasis, morphological imaging methods like x-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or transrectal ultrasound often cannot distinguish between postoperative scar and local recurrence. Therefore we investigated the feasibility of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG PET) for metabolic characterization of prostatic cancer, especially for differentiation of scar or recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. Methods: Dynamic PET with 370 MBq F-18 deoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) up to 60 min p.i. was performed in 2 patients with biopsy-proven benign prostatic hyperplasia, in 11 patients with a histologically proven prostate cancer prior to radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) and 7 patients with suspected local recurrence (with negative bone scan) after RRP prior to biopsy of anastomosis (3 local recurrence, 4 postoperative scar). Results: Prostate cancer showed a very low F-18 FDG uptake. The placement of regions of interest was only possible by the use of other imaging methods. There was not difference between the F-18 FDG uptake of benign prostate hyperplasia, prostate carcinoma, postoperative scar or local recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Conclusion: F-18 FDG seems not to be useful to distinguish between postoperative scar and local recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Prostate Specific Antigen as a Surrogate for Prostate Volume in Patients with Biopsy Proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Prostate Specific Antigen as a Surrogate for Prostate Volume in Patients with Biopsy Proven Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia