Biomimetic Synthesis Of Silver Nanoparticles Research Articles

Metallo‐Surfactant Complex‐Assisted Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Exploring Relativistic Effects in Catalytic and Sensing Applications

AbstractA biological reduction method for silver nanoparticles was employed using Cassia alata extract from plant leaves, which functions as a reducing agent and the metallo‐surfactant [Co(dqn)2(C12H27N)2]3+ (dqn = dipyrido[3,2‐f:2′,3′‐h]‐quinoxaline; C12H27N)2 = dodecylamine) acting as both stabilizing and capping agent. The ratio of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) formation was adjusted to be equal to the amount of AgNO3, along with variations in the amount of plant leaf extract, the metallo‐surfactant, pH, surrounding temperature, and the length of interaction periods. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX) were used to confirm the formation of AgNPs. The infrared results indicate the presence of hydroxyl, amine, and carboxylate groups in the extract plays a crucial role in the reduction process. Additionally, the metallo‐surfactant acts as a capping agent for the silver nanoparticles, preventing agglomeration. By adjusting the acidity of the solution and the quantity of the additive metallo‐surface active agent utilized, the size of AgNPs can be precisely regulated. The relativistic effects observed in this metallo‐surfactant‐assisted silver nanoparticle demonstrate excellent reduction capabilities for nitro compounds, effective dye degradation, and mercury sensing applications.

Endophytic fungi-assisted biomass synthesis of eco-friendly formulated silver nanoparticles for enhanced antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities

Fungi-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles is one of the promising nanomanufacturing processes. Using endophytic fungi isolated from potential medicinal plants has emerged as a novel approach for producing several metal oxide nanoparticles in a green and cost-effective manner. The present study validates the biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles of endophytic fungus (Phyllosticta capitalensis Henn.) (Phyllo-AgNPs) isolated from the leaves of Annona muricata and the effect of process variables, i.e., reductant concentration, ratio of AgNO3 to reductant concentration, reaction time and reaction pH to achieve maximum efficiency using the factorial design approach. The nanoparticle formation was confirmed by absorption peaks between 400 nm and 500 nm, followed by their characterization by UV–visible spectroscopy, TEM, SEM-EDX, XRD, particle size, and zeta potential analysis. The in-vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic and antimicrobial potential (agar well dfiffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration) of Phyllo-AgNPs at various concentrations were assessed. The Phyllo-AgNPs scavenged the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes at an IC50 of 31.75 ± 0.70, 39.32 ± 1.12 and 28.56 ± 1.08 μg/mL, respectively. The antimicrobial potential was determined against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and, Salmonella typhimurium. The study revealed the therapeutic potential of Phyllo-AgNPs against pathogenic microorganisms. Additionally, the in-vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities showed improved results compared to the standard (ascorbic acid and acarbose). By taking note of this, Phyllo-AgNPs can be further studied for pre-clinical trials, which would be beneficial in developing novel medicines with no adverse effects for the benefit of mankind.

EVALUATING THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF SIX (6) COMBRETUM SPECIES IN THE BIOMIMETIC SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES

Existing research has shown that plants are best suited for the ecofriendly green synthesis of nanoparticles. This study reported novel findings on the biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the aqueous leaf extract of six medicinal plant species in the genus, Combretum (C. paniculatum, C. dolichopetalum, C. platypterum, C racemosum, C. bauchiense, and C. demeusei). It was concerned with the characterization, phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and cytological evaluation of the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The novelty of this study lies in the creation of a nanoparticle production index (NPPI) of the species based on their crystalline sizes (in nm) and yield (in mg/l) of AgNPs. This NPPI can be defined as a measure of the quantity of particles produced with respect to the experimental species. The study also investigated whether these species would produce similar results since they belong to the same genus. It was observed that the smaller the size of the nanoparticles, the higher the production index. The highest production index was observed in C. paniculatum (18.75 nm, 144. 6 mg/l), and the least in C. demeusei (0 nm, 6.3 mg/l). The AgNPs were characterized using various standard analytical techniques. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the species showed 2 theta values in the 40° range, all corresponding to miller indices of (200). The synthesized AgNPs showed varying but significant antimicrobial activities. Also, majority of the species showed a high NPPI. The study heralds a system, “phytonanotaxonomy”, the classification of plants of the same taxa based on their NPPI.

Exploring the Biomedical Applications of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Perilla frutescens Flavonoid Extract: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cell Toxicity Properties against Colon Cancer Cells.

The present study reports the biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a simple, cost effective and eco-friendly method. In this method, the flavonoid extract of Perilla frutescens (PFFE) was used as a bioreduction agent for the reduction of metallic silver into nanosilver, called P. frutescens flavonoid extract silver nanoparticles (PFFE-AgNPs). The Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak at 440 nm that confirmed the synthesis of PFFE-AgNPs. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis of the PFFE-AgNPs revealed that flavonoids are involved in the bioreduction and capping processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure of PFFE-AgNPs. A transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis indicated that the synthesized PFFE-AgNPs are 20 to 70 nm in size with spherical morphology and without any aggregation. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies showed that the average hydrodynamic size was 44 nm. A polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.321 denotes the monodispersed nature of PFFE-AgNPs. Further, a highly negative surface charge or zeta potential value (-30 mV) indicates the repulsion, non-aggregation, and stability of PFFE-AgNPs. PFFE-AgNPs showed cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines, including human colon carcinoma (COLO205) and mouse melanoma (B16F10), with IC50 concentrations of 59.57 and 69.33 μg/mL, respectively. PFFE-AgNPs showed a significant inhibition of both Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogens and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi and Acinetobacter baumannii) bacteria pathogens. PFFE-AgNPs exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity by quenching 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals with IC50 values of 72.81 and 92.48 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, we also explained the plausible mechanisms of the biosynthesis, anticancer, and antibacterial effects of PFFE-AgNPs. Overall, these findings suggest that PFFE-AgNPs have potential as a multi-functional nanomaterial for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy and infection control. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these nanoparticles in vivo, as well as to explore their potential in other areas of medicine.

Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using New Aquatic Species of Bacillus, Alcaligenes, and Paenibacillus and their Potential Antibiofilm Activity against Biofilm-Forming Escherichia coli

The current study aimed to assess the beneficial inhibitory effect of silver nanoparticles on biofilm formation by E. coli ATCC11922; eighteen Egyptian bacterial isolates obtained from Al-Bahr El-Pherony, Menoufyia Governorate were screened for silver nanoparticles biosynthesis (AgNPs). Three of the best extracellular AgNPs producing isolates have been identified using biochemical and molecular techniques. Characterization of AgNPs was performed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Next, the antibiofilm restriction of AgNPs was evaluated using the micro broth dilution method. A total of eleven bacterial isolates were positive for the AgNPs biosynthesis. Amongst, three AgNPs with tribute effects have the greatest anti-biofilm activity and have been identified as new species belonging to the genera Bacillus, Alcaligenes, and Paenibacillus. Plasmon surface resonance of the formed AgNPs had feature peaks at ~420 nm. FTIR confirmed the character of the capping/reducing agents of Ag+. X-ray diffraction and TEM investigation confirmed the purity, spherical shape, and size of 3.01-16.47 nm. Besides, biosynthetic AgNPs reduced biofilm growth, biomass, and density by 80-90% on a dose basis. Therefore, biosynthetic AgNPs are green antibiofilm against pathogenic microbes. This fact promotes its use as a convincing disinfectant for soiling water and depleting pollution.

Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ethyl Acetate Extract of Urtica diocia Leaves; Characterizations and Emerging Antimicrobial Activity.

The current work reports the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the antimicrobial activities of ethyl acetate extract of Urtica diocia (UD) leaves as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized UD-AgNPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The UD-AgNPs were evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and their size, shape, and distribution were recorded. The average size of an NP was 19.401 nm. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) for 75 µL of UD-AgNPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was 21 ± 0.4 mm more than that of the control drug Ciprofloxacin (16 ± 10 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was the lowest against Escherichia coli (E. coli) (36 ± 3 µg/mL) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) (38 ± 3 µg/mL). Moreover, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was the lowest against E. coli (75 ± 00 µg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis (83 ± 16 µg/mL). Thus, the UD-AgNPs synthesized using the ethyl acetate extract of UD can be used as a new antimicrobial drug.

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii fruit extract and their characterizations, anticancer potential and apoptosis studies against Pa-1 (Human ovarian teratocarcinoma) cell line via flow cytometry

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii fruit extract and their characterizations, anticancer potential and apoptosis studies against Pa-1 (Human ovarian teratocarcinoma) cell line via flow cytometry

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles for treatment of N-Nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatotoxicity.

The development of bioengineered nanoparticles has attracted considerable universal attention in the fieldof medical science and disease treatment. Current studies were executed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Their characterization was performed by UV-Visible analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Zeta analyses. In in vivo studies, albino rats (180 ± 10 g) were persuaded with model hepatic toxicant N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and subsequently cotreated with Morus multicaulis at 100 mg/kg and AgNPs at 100 µg/kg dose. NDEA administration elevates the levels of liver function test biomarkers, which were reinstated to normal by cotreatment of test drugs. The oxidative stress and concentration of drug-metabolizing enzyme increase after induction of toxicant (NDEA), these markers are restored toward normal after cotreatment of nano-drug. Treatments of M. multicaulis extract did not show such significant protection. The NDEA-treated groups showed a significant rise in the level of cytokines (interleukin[IL-6] and IL-10) and reached normal with subsequent treatment with AgNPs. Histopathological studies also exhibited the curative effect of AgNPs in the same manner. Thus current results strongly suggest that biomimetic AgNPs could be used as an effective drug against hepatic alteration.

Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aqueous Extract of Saraca indica and its Profound Antibacterial Activity

The present findings were focused on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles through an aqueous extract of Saraca indica. The stability of the nanoparticle was achieved through the optimization of physico-chemical parameters. The sharp UV-visible absorption maximum at 400 was observed for biological synthesized silver nanoparticles. The spectroscopic analysis was thus used to assess the formation of silver nanoparticles. The AFM analysis did analyze the morphology of the nanocomposite, which was further confirmed through TEM micrograph. The electron micrograph image discloses that silver nanoparticles were polydispersed and dominantly as spherical with size ranges from 40nm to 100nm. The average size distribution was 49nm. The chemical reductions of Ag+ ions were further confirmed through FTIR. The biogenic silver nanoparticle and their drug formulation showed profound antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The flavonoids rich binding of silver nanoparticle showed great medicinal potential and can be used for the treatment of several harmful infectious diseases. Hence, plant-based metal nanoparticles meet the demand for less toxic formulation during drug development and its delivery.

Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Bhimkol (Musa balbisiana) Peel Extract as Biological Waste: Its Antibacterial Activity and Role of Ripen Stage of the Peel

Background: Utilization of plant extracts and agricultural waste has a great impact for the synthesis of AgNPs. Banana peels are such important agro waste which attracted us to use for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The biochemicals present in it have attracted us to use such banana peels. Methods: Thus, we report herein a cost-effective and environment-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Bhimkal (Musa balbisiana) peel aqueous extract as biological waste. About 5 g of freshly dried peels taken in 100 mL of water were shaken and heated at 80°C for 1 hour. The filtrate from the resultant solution was stored at 4°C and used as reducing as well as stabilizing agent for the preparation of AgNPs from AgNO3. We monitored the formation of silver nanoparticles by various spectroscopic techniques. Results: All the particles are almost spherical in morphology and the diameter of the mostly monodispersed AgNPs is in the range of 30-70 nm with an average size of 44.24 nm. Among the three stages of development (unripe, ripe, and blacken), we have found the ripening stage as most efficient in the highest yielding of AgNPs because of maximum presence of phenol containing biological macromolecules. The synthesized AgNPs showed moderate antibacterial activity against both gram negative bacteria as well as gram positive bacteria. Conclusion: The advantage of our biomimetic route to silver nanoparticles lies in the fact that we utilize peels as biological waste material both for the generation and stabilization of silver nanoparticles.

Bio-mimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles have their demand in various fields of science and technology and their applications extend even in medical and pharmaceutical arenas. They have been used as preservatives, diagnosing aids and potent antibacterial agents. But their production is a serious matter of concern when it comes to cost, efficacy and toxicity issues. Overcoming these limitations green synthesis has taken its advantage for their commercial and large scale synthesis. This research concentrates on the preparation of silver nano particles by using purified leaf extract of Lannea coromandelica and evaluation of the same using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, FTIR, EDXS, SEM and particle size analysis. The produced nanoparticles exhibited surface plasmon resonance at 420nm in UV spectroscopy. EDS Spectrum showed the presence of metallic silver in the solution. They are roughly cubic in shape, smooth surfaced and measure about 10-20nm in diameter which is evident from the particle size analysis. FTIR studies revealed the presence of O-H groups indicating polyphenols and also confirms capping of proteins over the nanoparticles. The results proved the eco-friendly synthesized silver nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles have been analyzed using sophisticated analytical instruments. The results confirm the formation of silver nanoparticles. The bio-mimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles is relatively safer and cost effective. The potency and effect of silver nanoparticles was determined yet the toxicity was to be considered for establishing it as a therapeutic agent.

Bioinspired design of AgNPs embedded silk sericin-based sponges for efficiently combating bacteria and promoting wound healing

A wound dressing with excellent hydrophilicity, high porosity, good mechanical property, and antimicrobial activities holds great potential for wound healing. Sericin, a natural protein from silkworm cocoon, is particularly attractive for the development of skin-repairing materials because it is biocompatible and biodegradable. Here, we reported a green strategy for in situ biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) within sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel. AgNPs were in situ synthesized by the redox property of tyrosine residues in sericin without additional chemicals, similar to a biomineralization process. AgNPs-sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) dressing was demonstrated to bear desired high porosity, good wettability, hygroscopicity, and mechanical properties. The evaluation of cytocompatibility and immunotoxicity of the composite with NIH/3T3, HEK-293, and RAW264.7 cells further demonstrated its excellent biocompatibility. The composite also showed an effective antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and could inhibit biofilm formation caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, the animal experiment suggested that the composite dressing could facilitate re-epithelialization and collagen deposition to promote wound healing. Our work shows that the composite dressing has great potential as a competitive alternative for traditional wound dressings.

Investigative evaluation of Cassia absus for antibacterial capacity and biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles.

Cassia absus is used for medicinal purposes for a long time all over the world. In this study, the authors report the antimicrobial potential of C. absus extracts obtained with different solvents. The extract(s) obtained with ethyl acetate yielded the best antibacterial effects because of a rich supply of oxalates and alkaloids in it. The same extract was also exploited for reducing Ag+ ions (to metallic Ag0) for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Electron microscopy revealed that the silver nanoparticles were ∼18-25 nm in diameter. The Fourier-transform infrared evaluation pointed towards the fact that flavonoids present in the plant extract were acting as reductants while amino groups were the bound stabilisation agents to the synthesised nanoparticles limiting the diameter to a certain threshold and avoiding aggregation naturally. A comparative antibacterial assay of C. absus versus Ag nanoparticles showed that the nanoparticles as well as organic (ethyl acetate) extract of the plant checked the growth of selected (MDR) superbugs. However, the biosynthesised Ag nanoparticles returned better antibacterial efficacies than ethyl acetate extract.

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Matricaria chamomilla extract and their potential anticancer activity against human lung cancer cells

Herbs having various natural substances can be utilized for the biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and act as a stable, reliable and biocompatible alternative instead of the current physical and chemical approaches. It has been reported that Matricaria chamomilla possesses unique properties, especially anti-cancerous effects. The objective of the current work was to assess the chemical characteristics and anticancer effects of biosynthesized AgNPs applying aqueous extracts of M. chamomilla against A549 lung cancer cells. UV–visible spectrum showed the maximum absorption of the biosynthesized AgNPs at 430 nm. The crystalline structure of biosynthesized AgNPs in optimal conditions was confirmed by XRD. Moreover, the presence of Ag as the ingredient element was exhibited via EDX analysis. FT-IR results also verified the AgNPs synthesis using a plant extract. The spherical shapes of the AgNPs with an average diameter size around 45.12 nm and a zeta potential value of −34 mV were characterized using DLS, and confirmed through FE-SEM and TEM. In vitro cytotoxicity assay using MTT revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited a dose- and time- dependent cytotoxic effect against A549 lung cancer cells. Moreover, the apoptotic effects of the AgNPs were demonstrated using DAPI staining, real-time PCR and flow cytometry. According to these findings, using M. chamomilla in combination with AgNPs via green-synthesis approach may be an efficient strategy for effective treatment of lung cancer.

Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Preparing Preservative Solutions for Mandarins (Citrus DeliciosaTenore)

Mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Tenore) is one of the most important fruit crops grown in the Hue province, Vietnam, and has immense economic, health and cultural significance. However, mandarins are highly perishable and more susceptible to diseases compared to other citrus fruits. In the present study, biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for preparing preservative solutions for mandarins was investigated. Spherical and nanometer-sized AgNPs that were prepared with the help of ultrasound wave induced a reaction between silver nitrate solution (AgNO30.02[Formula: see text]M) and the leaf extract of Centella asiatica. Spherical AgNPs were formed easily in the extract at an ambient temperature and their average size ranged from 3[Formula: see text]nm to 30[Formula: see text]nm. These AgNPs exhibited potent antifungal activity against Macrophoma theicola B1 fungi, which were isolated from mandarin peels collected from agricultural lands of rural villages of Thua Thien-Hue province in Vietnam. Thus, we are successful in preparing an AgNPs-containing preservative solution as a mandarin fruit-coating material to inhibit the growth of M. theicola B1 fungi. The coating of mandarin fruits with this preservative solution prolonged the storage life of the fruits from 9 to 35 days. On the 35th day, the preserved fruits maintained their natural color and ripening, whereas the control sample decayed with white fungus covering its skin after 9 days of storage. Thus, coating mandarins with this solution can be proposed as an additional treatment for increasing their postharvest quality. Additionally, it can be a solution for protection against fungal infection and physiological damage and controlling the decay of mandarins, thereby prolonging their shelf life.

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using flower extract of Bauhinia purpurea and its antibacterial activity against clinical pathogens.

In the present study, we have reported an eco-friendly, rapid, and simple method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Bauhinia purpurea flower extract as non-toxic bioreducing agent. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized AgNPs were spherical in shape with an average size of 20nm. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities of the synthesized AgNPs (2-10mM) against clinical pathogens, Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., were evaluated under in vitro conditions.

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their catalytic activity towards degradation of methyl orange

This paper described the significant effect of process variables like reductant concentrations, substrate concentration, reaction pH and reaction temperature on the size, morphology and yield of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of a medicinal plant Momordica charantia (Bitter guard). By means of UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD analysis, TEM analysis and Fluorescence analysis, it is observed that the reaction solution containing 10−3 M of AgNO3 of pH 5.3 + 10 ml of aqueous leaf extract at normal room temperature, was optimum for synthesis of stable, polydisperse, predominantly spherical AgNPs with average size of 12.15 nm. FT-IR and TEM studies confirmed the stability of AgNPs was due to the capping of phytoconstituents present in the leaf extract. The aqueous solution of leaf extract containing AgNPs showed remarkable catalytic activity towards degradation of methyl orange (MO) in aqueous medium.

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Streptomyces atrovirens and their potential anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been undeniable for its antimicrobial activity while its antitumour potential is still limited. Therefore, the present study focused on determining cytotoxic effects of AgNPs on Michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and its corresponding mechanism of cell death. Herein, the authors developed a bio-reduction method for AgNPs synthesis using actinomycetes isolated from marine soil sample. The isolated strain was identified by 16s ribotyping method and it was found to be Streptomyces atrovirens. Furthermore, the synthesised AgNPs were characterised by various bio-analytical techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the results of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay reveals 44.51 µg of AgNPs to have profound inhibition of cancer cell growth; furthermore, the inhibition of MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was found to be dose dependent on treatment with AgNPs. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide double staining methods were performed for cell morphological analysis. The present results showed that biosynthesised AgNPs might be emerging alternative biomaterials for human breast cancer therapy.

Efficient Removal of Toxic Textile Dyes using Silver Nanocomposites

In the present study biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Solanum nigrum and Cannabis sativa were explored. The biosynthesized silver nanocomposites were characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy, DLS, TEM, FTIR and XRD. The characteristic surface plasmon resonance of Solanum nigrum and Cannabis sativa were recorded at 430 and 445 nm respectively. The average diameter of silver nanocomposites were 34.13 ± 3.10 and 70.93 ± 3.57 nm for Solanum nigrum and Cannabis sativa leaf extract respectively. The release of textile dyes into our surrounding water bodies has toxic effect on human health and marine life therefore removal of these dyes is necessary to protect environment. The nanotechnology has provided a new platform for waste water treatment. Hence the biosynthesized nanocomposites were employed for dye removal from wastewater. The effects of various parameters, such as time of incubation, concentration, pH, and temperature, were studied. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles are most effective in dye removal at alkaline pH 9 and at 60oC. The textile industry effluents have high pH and temperature which makes these nanoparticles more appropriate in treatment of these industry effluents. To elucidate the reusability, the decolorizing efficiency of biosynthesized silver nanocomposites were investigated upto 3 cycles.

Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using microalgal secretory carbohydrates as a novel anticancer and antimicrobial

Secreted carbohydrates by Chlorella vulgaris cells were used for reducing and capping Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Oxygen-bearing functional groups on the carbohydrates found to be the main biochemical groups responsible for anchoring the metal nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs showed that isotropic small particles with mean particles size of 7 nm were synthesized. Comparing the TEM results with DLS analysis revealed that the thickness of carbohydrate capping was about 2 nm. A zeta potential of +26 mV made the particles colloidally stable and desirable for anticancer and antimicrobial applications. The MIC against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) were determined to be 37.5 μg ml−1 and 9.4 μg ml−1, respectively. Treatment of Hep-G2 cells with 4.7 μg ml−1 AgNPs for 24 h reduced the cell viability to 61%. This concentration was also reduced the cell viability to 37% after 48 h of exposure.