Biometric Aspects Research Articles

Биометрические технологии: отношение населения и преодоление рисков

The article is devoted to biometric identification systems. Currently, biometric identification systems are used in various services, replacing systems that use a person's username and password as identifiers. The authors of the work address the social and technological aspects of biometrics in the framework of the article. The article describes the main types of biometric systems using both static and dynamic methods. The authors also identify the main reasons for skepticism on the part of users among the Russian population, which include citizens' distrust of the reliability of storing personal information, which can lead to data leakage. The article discusses the current problems of using biometric identification systems and their solutions.

Seed biometry, growth, and seedling development of Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. in substrates

The desert rose (Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult.) is a plant that has been widely used for garden ornamentation, holding significant importance in the landscaping and gardening market. Thus, establishing a way to perform biometric analysis and a seedling production system that offers significant utilization of water and available materials for substrate composition in each region is crucial for propagation and the quality of these plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate biometric aspects and investigate the influence of different substrates on the physiological potential of seeds and the initial growth of desert rose seedlings. This study was conducted at the Vitrine do Verde plant store located on Rodovia Dr. Ib Gatto Marinho Falcão, AL 101 south - Barra Nova, Marechal Deodoro – AL (9°43'31.2"S 35°49'46.6"W), with A. obesum seedlings produced from seeds. This study identified crucial points for seedling growth and development, providing information that allowed optimizing the production system with reduced costs. It was observed that among the substrates used, the use of treatment T3 composed of decomposed rice husk (55%) + carbonized rice husk (15%) + topsoil (15%) + peanut shell (15%) is preferable, as it proved to be efficient in the analyzed parameters. However, it is worth noting that further studies are necessary to increase knowledge and facilitate the cultivation of this highly appreciated crop.

Biometric aspects of fruits and seeds and determination of the absorption curve of Hymenaea martiana Hayne seeds.

The biometric differences between fruits and seeds are useful characteristics that can provide important data for the investigation and preservation of the species and may be linked to environmental and genetic influences. In this sense, considering the importance of this species and the need for conservation, the objective was to carry out physical characterization of the fruits and seeds of Hymenaea martiana as well as to determine the seed imbibition curve. The experiment was conducted at the Seed Analysis Laboratory at the Agricultural Sciences Center at the Federal University of Paraíba in Areia, PB. The evaluations carried out were as follows: biometry of fruits and seeds, number of seeds per fruit, colorimetry of fruits and seeds, percentage of damaged seeds, weight of a thousand seeds, seed water content, mass and imbibition curve. The biometric data were subjected to descriptive analysis to determine the minimum, maximum, average value, standard deviation, asymmetry, and kurtosis of the fruits and seeds. In terms of the biometric characteristics of the fruits and seeds of H. martiana, there was a marked variation, with average fruit lengths of 90.28 mm, widths of 46.83 mm, thicknesses of 34.69 mm, weights of 65.86 g and four seeds per fruit. The average length, width, thickness and weight of the seeds were 23.75 mm, 18.34 mm, 12.71 g and 4.13 g, respectively. The fruits were darker than the seeds, and both the fruits and seeds had red tones. Compared with nonscarified seeds, scarified seeds absorb a greater amount of water.

Biometric and biochemical characteristics of glass eels (Anguilla spp.) collected from Cimandiri Estuary, Sukabumi Regency

Glass eel viability determines the success of cultivation and governs the recruitment variability, as seeds in aquaculture and its wild population, respectively. This study aims to examine the quality of glass eel using biometric measurements coupled proximate contents. Glass eel collection was made montly by using lift-net like fishing gear in Cimandiry Estuary during December 2020 - April 2021. Biometric aspects were examined on length, weight, eye diameter, heart, and liver, whereas proximate was run on proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and ash. The results showed that length and weight steadily increased between month, though the condition factor was indifferent. Eye diameter and mouth opening confirm the vision of diurnal predatory fish. Heart and liver have demonstrated the metabolism capability and fast swimming fish favors to migratory catadromous fish. Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and ash fluctuated between month, though insignificant between month comparison. No clear confirmation of proximate analysis on biometric characters. However, the glass eels with largest size in April might be best for aquaculture.

Gallus gallus at the Late Antiquity site of El Castillón (Santa Eulalia de Tábara, Zamora, Spain)

A large number of zooarchaeological remains have been documented at El Castillón archaeological site (Province of Zamora, north-western Spain) and dated to Late Antiquity, in the 5th and 6th centuries cal AD. While most of them belong to domestic mammals, and a few to wild ones, remains of other vertebrates have been reported, among them birds. This article details the archaeofaunistic investigation of the galliform remains documented at the site. It focuses on the anatomic analysis of age profiles and taphonomic and biometric aspects. Through this research, we may conclude that the village practised poultry livestock and that domestic chicken was part of the inhabitants’ diet.

Genetic variability of Tachigali vulgaris trees based on seed morphophysiological traits

Tachigali vulgaris is a tree with high potential for energy purposes in Brazil. However, there is little information about genetic variability that can be applied to plant breeding. Here, we quantified genetic variability based on biometric and emergence traits of T. vulgaris seeds from the native population of the Brazilian Amazon. The biometric aspects, moisture content, emergence, emergence speed index, and average emergence time of the seeds were evaluated. Genotypic values and genetic parameters were analysed using the mixed model methodology in a completely randomised design with 12 genotypes and four replications of 25 seeds. All biometric and emergence traits of seeds showed phenotypic and genetic variabilities. Heritability was high for all traits evaluated (0.66 to 0.97), and genetic accuracy showed high experimental precision and reliable results (≥ 0.90). Grouping by the Tocher, unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean and principal component analysis methods based on genetic traits returned four groups: Group 1 by Genotypes 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12; Group 2 by Genotype 3; Group 3 by Genotype 2; and Group 4 by Genotype 11. In addition, Genotypes 1, 3–10 and 12 displayed seeds with superior physical and physiological traits and a high probability of genetic gain. Our findings can be used in the selection and marking of trees with a broad genetic base for seed production and plant breeding of this species.

SAS-HRM: Secure Authentication System for Human Resource Management

To guarantee data confidentiality and information sensitivity, human resource management requires secure systems. In the field of authorization and dependability in recognizing and identifying persons, facial recognition has grown in importance. In this research, a secure authentication system is proposed based on biometric aspects of the user's face and identifying it using the CNN classification model is provided to give access to human resource management and update data. The system is divided into four major stages: First, set up the system environment, beginning with smart cards, card readers, Arduino, and so on. Second, after undergoing pre-treatment steps, the facial characteristics are extracted using LDA. Third, create a high-accuracy CNN model to recognize and classify the user's face among the system's users. Finally, the user is allowed to enter the system and update his information. When compared to the accuracy of classification using machine learning techniques with a CNN proposed model, the accuracy of the model with LDA was up to 100%. K-NN has 91%, while TD has 94%.

Composition, distribution and biometric aspects of sea grasses beds along the Sudanese red sea coast

Composition, distribution and biometric aspects of sea grasses beds along the Sudanese red sea coast

Periocular biometrics and its relevance to partially masked faces: A survey

Periocular is one of the promising biometric traits for human recognition. It encompasses a surrounding area of eyes that includes eyebrows, eyelids, eyelashes, eye-folds, eyebrows, eye shape, and skin texture. Its relevance is more emphasize during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the masked faces. So, this article presents a detailed review of periocular biometrics to understand its current state. The paper first discusses the various face and periocular techniques, specially designed to recognize humans wearing a face mask. Then, different aspects of periocular biometrics are reviewed: (a) the anatomical cues present in the periocular region useful for recognition, (b) the various feature extraction and matching techniques developed, (c) recognition across different spectra, (d) fusion with other biometric modalities (face or iris), (e) recognition on mobile devices, (f) its usefulness in other applications, (g) periocular datasets, and (h) competitions organized for evaluating the efficacy of this biometric modality. Finally, various challenges and future directions in the field of periocular biometrics are presented.

New approach for fingerprint recognition based on stylometric features with blockchain and cancellable biometric aspects

New approach for fingerprint recognition based on stylometric features with blockchain and cancellable biometric aspects

Effects of depth in semi-controlled artificial incubation on egg hatching success of <em>Crocodylus acutus</em> (Cuvier, 1807) and hatchlings biometry

Semi-controlled artificial incubation methods of crocodile eggs use low technology devices where one or more parameters cannot be controlled, but with the advantage that they are less expensive and logistically more feasible. This study evaluated the effect of different artificial incubation depths on the hatching success of eggs of Crocodylus acutus, under semi-controlled conditions, and analyzed biometric data of the hatchlings. The crocodile nests were collected from sandbanks of the two rivers (Río Negro and Río Santa Rosa), both located at Machiques de Perijá, Zulia state, Venezuela. The results showed a significant and positive effect on hatching success when the eggs were buried at 2 cm depth, compared to those at 10 cm and 20 cm. The hatching success at 2 cm depth was 82.43%. Also, we found that the size and weight of the hatchlings, as well as the relationships between these biometric variables, depend on the place of origin of the nests. The highest hatching percentage obtained at 2 cm was probably due to the effect of optimal incubation temperatures at this depth. The isolation and controlled heating system of the incubation room would prevent extreme fluctuations in temperature, favoring greater hatching at 2 cm depth. Differences in the biometric aspects of the hatchlings could be associated with differences in the size and the physiological status of the females from both sites.

Study on Behavior of Some Perennial Flowering Species Used in Vertical Systems for Green Facades in Eastern European Climate

The negative effects of urbanization such as urban overheating, pollution, high population density and so on are being experienced by city inhabitants more than ever, thus motivating a high number of researchers to find viable solutions to mitigate these effects. The present paper aims to identify an assortment of ornamental plants appropriate to be successfully used in various facade covering systems for buildings located in Eastern European countries. For this purpose, throughout a vegetation season, the project’s team thoroughly monitored the percentage of survival, the coverage degree, and the behavior (biometric aspects and visual quality) of ten flowering species planted vertically and being oriented towards all four cardinal points. At the same time, the team conducted a thorough monitoring of some parameters of the soil (pH, humidity, and temperature) and of the outside environment (light intensity and temperature). Two experimental structures were built, insulated on the inside and covered at the top with thermal insulating panels, to simulate the same conditions of an insulated and unheated construction. The monitoring results showed that Heuchera x hybrida ‘Fire Alarm’, Heuchera x hybrida ‘Marmalade’ and Festuca galuca had a healthy appearance throughout the year, regardless of the cardinal orientation while providing a good coverage of the vertical surface.

Biometric aspects and phenological stages of winter barley crop formation under the influence of fertilizer and nitrification inhibitor

Biometric aspects and phenological stages of winter barley crop formation under the influence of fertilizer and nitrification inhibitor

Biometric similarity Test of The Population of T. (Zaria) bantamensis tjicumpaensis with T. (Zaria) javana as a Form of Phylogeny And Evolutionary Proximity

Biometric aspects in the Turritellidae family need to be studied as an important identification parameter. Zaria, which is one of the sub genera in the Turritellidae family, deserves to be tested in order to determine the feasibility of the biometric aspect as an identification parameter. This paper aims to provide an overview of the benefits of the biometric aspect as an identification parameter. The method used to re-identify the biometric and morphological aspects of the T. (Zaria) bantamensis tjicumpaensis population with T. (Zaria) javana. The results of the identification were carried out by a T-Test on the biometric aspect to see the similarity of the biometric aspects of the two populations. Based on the results of the T-Test on the parameters of the Wsut: Wang and Wsut: L ratio, it shows that the two Zaria species are the same. Meanwhile, from the morphological aspect, there is a slight difference in the early growth peripherals.

Cotton aphid feeding preference and the development of watermelon plants treated with silicon

The cotton aphid is one of the main watermelon crop pests and may cause a reduction in productivity due to the suction of sap, the transmission of viruses, and decreased photosynthetic capacity. The objective of this research was to evaluate the feeding preference of the aphid Aphis gossypii and the biometric aspects of watermelon cultivar plants submitted to silicon application. The experiment was conducted at the Institute of Education, Agriculture, and Environment of the Federal University of Amazonas, in Humaitá, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was used for testing preference with choice and a completely randomized design to study the biometric parameters of the plants. The treatments were distributed in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme (with and without silicon and considering cultivars Crimson Sweet, Fairfax, and Charleston). Silicic acid was applied at a 1% concentration directly on the substrate around the plants (equivalent to 1 t SiO2 ha-1), 25 days after sowing. The aphids in the breeding were kept in cucumber plants of cultivar Caipira. The treatments were evaluated through the preference test on watermelon cultivars and biometric studies of plant growth and development. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance, and the means were compared using the F and Scott-Knott tests at the 5% probability level. Silicon does not affect the preference of Aphis gossypii in different watermelon cultivars and negatively affects plant growth and development.

A survey on dorsal hand vein biometrics

Biometrics technology is one of the most important and effective solutions for personal authentication. In recent years, as one of the emerging biometrics technologies, dorsal hand vein (DHV) biometrics has received a lot of attention. In fact, DHV biometrics has been studied for more than 30 years, during which different problems related to DHV recognition have been addressed. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey on the state-of-the-art in DHV biometrics. Nearly all important aspects of DHV biometrics have been summarized, including the developmental history, data acquisition, databases, preprocessing algorithms, feature extraction and matching algorithms, information fusion schemes and commercial products. We also discuss the challenges and future directions in DHV biometrics research.

The Middle Ear of Ruminants: An Anatomical and Bio-Metrical Comparison between the Lori Sheep and the Native Cow in Shahrekord District

The ossicles consist of three small bones known as the smallest bones in the body that play an important role in transmitting sound to the inner ear. In order to study the details of middle ear ossicles in Lori sheep and native cattle, bio-anatomical parameters of malleus, incus and stapes ossicles were measured. The age factor is not considered and all animals were adult. Investigations showed that there was no significant difference in the levels of the middle ear bone between the two sexes. In this study, the ossicles were carefully described by the appropriate devices and after separation, the ossicles were measured using caliper and digital scales. Bio-anatomical changes were evaluated under stereomicroscope magnification. The results showed that all three bones structure is similar to other animals. Biometric aspects indicated that most of the changes belonged to malleus and incus bone. After examining the two species under study, the least significant change was observed between the two animals in the stapes. In conclusion, this study was able to compare middle ear ossicles between sheep and native cattle in Shahrekord district. Anyway, it is conceivable that the biometric sizes of the middle ear bones may be affected by animal species.

CASIA-Face-Africa: A Large-Scale African Face Image Database

Face recognition is a popular and well-studied area with wide applications in our society. However, racial bias had been proven to be inherent in most State Of The Art (SOTA) face recognition systems. Many investigative studies on face recognition algorithms have reported higher false positive rates of African subjects cohorts than the other cohorts. Lack of large-scale African face image databases in public domain is one of the main restrictions in studying the racial bias problem of face recognition. To this end, we collect a face image database namely CASIA-Face-Africa which contains 38,546 images of 1,183 African subjects. Multi-spectral cameras are utilized to capture the face images under various illumination settings. Demographic attributes and facial expressions of the subjects are also carefully recorded. For landmark detection, each face image in the database is manually labeled with 68 facial keypoints. A group of evaluation protocols are constructed according to different applications, tasks, partitions and scenarios. The performances of SOTA face recognition algorithms without re-training are reported as baselines. The proposed database along with its face landmark annotations, evaluation protocols and preliminary results form a good benchmark to study the essential aspects of face biometrics for African subjects, especially face image preprocessing, face feature analysis and matching, facial expression recognition, sex/age estimation, ethnic classification, face image generation, etc. The database can be downloaded from our website.

Biometry of Pityrocarpa moniliformis seeds using digital imaging: implications for studies of genetic divergence

Pityrocarpa moniliformis is a tree species with socioeconomic potential in semiarid regions. The objective of this work was to perform the biometry of P. moniliformis seeds with digital processing of images as subsidies for studies of genetic divergence. For this, we executed the biometric analysis of the seeds from 33 adult trees using digital image processing. Subsequently, descriptive and correlation analyses were performed between the biometric variables, as well as the multivariate analysis of principal components and the Euclidean distance. Digital image processing is efficient in assessing biometric differences among adult trees which vary in the morphological and biometric aspects. The biometric variables quantified employing digital images are efficient in the distinction of the adult trees. For this reason, they are important morphological markers that can aid in the differentiation of genotypes of P. moniliformis and contribute to studies of genetic divergence.

Amazon freshwater crab Dilocarcinus pagei (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae): a view about burrow construction behavior

Crabs use burrows to prevent predation, environmental interference and shelter. The present study investigated the excavation behavior of the trichodactylid crab Dilocarcinus pagei, considering the biometric aspects of the burrows, the excavation time, the amount of bioturbation and the excavation behavior of the two sexes. The burrows of males had a mean diameter larger than the females, although the depth was similar for both sexes. Females had higher bioturbation than males, and showed enlargement in a camera format at the bottom, even closing the entrance of the burrows with a "plug" after their construction. Both the camera and the presence of the "plug" in the burrows of the females may be associated with reproduction. The presence of pellets observed at the entrance of burrows is associated with the cleaning of the pereiopods by crabs after the excavation. The sequence of behaviors for the construction of the burrows is described in detail, contributing to the knowledge about the biology and ecology of freshwater crabs of the Amazon.