Biomedical Research Articles

Optimization of Hyaff Membranes Morphology Produced by Supercritical Phase Separation for Biomedical Applications

Optimization of Hyaff Membranes Morphology Produced by Supercritical Phase Separation for Biomedical Applications

A need for better data sharing policies: a review of data sharing policies in biomedical journals

A need for better data sharing policies: a review of data sharing policies in biomedical journals

Competition: Biomedical recruits

Competition: Biomedical recruits

Management of biomedical research at the university of cambridge: Implications for China

In China, the Chinese scientist TU Youyou, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and her findings of artemisinin discovered during the 1970s triggered a lot of discussion on developing a biomedical research management strategy in the new era. Traditional management has faced many challenges in the era of Big Science. The University of Cambridge has remarkable achievements in biomedical research and set up an effective management system. Based on the introduction and observations from Cambridge, this article proposes strategies for advancing research management in Chinese universities in our own context. Key words: University of Cambridge; Biomedicine; Research management

2) Application of the Bio-medical Engineering for the Internal Medicine in the Only One Graduate School of Bio Medical Engineering

2) Application of the Bio-medical Engineering for the Internal Medicine in the Only One Graduate School of Bio Medical Engineering

The effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with lung injury: a Meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC) on lung injury induced by many kinds of fators. Methods The literatures were selected according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria from the following databases including PubMed, Embase, Medline, CNKI, VIP Journal Network Publishing Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Medical Citation Index. The primary evaluation indicators (postoperative ICU stay time and mechanical ventilation time) and the secondary indicators[serum IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8 levels at 24 h, alveolar-arterial oxygen tension gradient(A-aDO2), PaO2/FiO2, respiratory index(RI) at 24 h after operation] were analyzed. Software RevMan 5.3 and STATA 12.0 were utilized to perform Meta analysis. Results Our search yielded 8 studies including 476 patients. 237 patients of all were allocated into the RIPC group, the others into the control group. Compared with the control group, the ICU stay time and mechanical ventilation time were reduced in RIPC group(P<0.05), and TNF-α level at 24 h after operation was lower in RIPC group (P<0.05). Furtherly, the standard mean difference(SMD) and 95%CI of them were respectively-0.03(-0.41,-0.05),-0.2(-0.39,-0.01),-0.85(-1.35, 0.34). Conclusions Remote ischemic preconditioning could decrease ICU stay time and mechanical ventilation time, improving the clinical outcomes of patients with lung injury. Key words: Remote ischemic preconditioning; Lung injury; Meta-analysis

Retrieving biomedical literature: an open source search engine based on open access resources

Retrieving biomedical literature: an open source search engine based on open access resources

Current advances and future prospects of genome editing technology in the field of biomedicine.

Genome editing technology can alter the genomic sequence at will, contributing the creation of cellular and animal models of human diseases including hereditary disorders and cancers, and the generation of the mutation-corrected human induced pluripotent stem cells for ex vivo regenerative medicine. In addition, novel approaches such as drug development using genome-wide CRISPR screening and cancer suppression using epigenome editing technology, which can change the epigenetic modifications in a site-specific manner, have also been conducted. In this article, I summarize the current advances and future prospects of genome editing technology in the field of biomedicine.

Effect of hyaluronic acid initial concentration on cross-linking efficiency of hyaluronic acid - based hydrogels used in biomedical and cosmetic applications.

This work was aimed to explore the potential effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) initial concentration (7.0 - 14.0 % w/v) on cross-linking efficiency of HA hydrogels cross-linked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). The results revealed that the hydrogel prepared at 10.0 % HA concentration exhibited a slower degradation rate, a lower swelling ability and more regular porosity than those prepared at either lower or higher HA concentration. After four days incubating with hyaluronidase, the content of NAG (N-acetyl glucosamine) remaining in the 10.0 HA hydrogel was 25.1±1.9 % with respect to the total NAG content found in the original mass. In contrast, the hydrogels prepared at 7.0 % and 14.0 % HA concentration showed a less remaining content of NAG equaled to approximately 15.9±5.4 % and 19.5±2.6 % respectively. On the other hand, the swelling ability of tested hydrogels was steadily decreased with the increase of HA initial concentration until the 10.0 % HA hydrogel and then showed an opposite trend. Based on this finding, the 10.0 % HA hydrogel exhibited the lowest swelling ratio which was observed at 129±3.2 g/g in distilled water and at 116±2.4 g/g in phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The SEM images showed various morphologies within the entire range of tested hydrogels. However, the hydrogel prepared at 10.0 % HA concentration was more homogenous and appeared with narrower pore-size distribution ranged in diameter from less than 50 μm to approximately 300 μm. Finally, the effect of HA initial concentration was investigated by FTIR which confirmed that the 10.0 % HA hydrogel was subject to a greater loss of (- OH) at 3343 cm-1 than other hydrogels except the 11.0 % HA hydrogel. This phenomenon was probably attributed to the formation of pendants that allowed the 11.0 % HA hydrogel to appear with a lower peak intensity than the 10.0 % HA hydrogel in the FTIR spectra. In conclusion, the HA initial concentration plays a crucial role in determining the cross-linking efficiency of HA hydrogels cross-linked with BDDE.

Michael Sailor: Nanomaterials for biomedical and chemical sensing applications

Michael Sailor: Nanomaterials for biomedical and chemical sensing applications

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Biomedicines in 2016

The editors of Biomedicines would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.[...]

Effect of duration of subcutaneous injection on the extent of bruising at injection sites among patients receiving low-molecular weight heparin: a Meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the effect of duration of subcutaneous injection on the extent of bruising at injection sites among patients receiving low-molecular weight heparin. Methods Randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental within-subject design that assessed the effect of subcutaneous duration on the bruising of injection sites were selected in Cochrane library, JBI evidence-based practice medical and nursing database, PubMed biomedical information retrieval platform, Medline general medical literature retrieval database. RevMan5.3 software was used to analyze the data after quality assessment, and data extraction were made for eligible trials. Results A total of 9 trials were included. The results of Meta-analysis supported the 30 s duration injection technique on reducing the rate of bruising of injection sites than 10 s duration injection technique (odds ratio was 0.34,95% confidence interval 0.25-0.47, P 0.05). Conclusions Increasing the length of low-molecular weight heparin subcutaneous injection can reduce the rate of bruising. While it could not effectively reduce the area. Key words: Heparin, low-molecular-weight; Injections, subcutaneous; Hemorrhage; Meta-analysis

In Vitro Generated Hepatocyte-Like Cells: A Novel Tool in Regenerative Medicine and Drug Discovery.

Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) are generated from either various human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) including induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), or direct cell conversion, mesenchymal stem cells as well as other stem cells like gestational tissues. They provide potential cell sources for biomedical applications. Liver transplantation is the gold standard treatment for the patients with end stage liver disease, but there are many obstacles limiting this process, like insufficient number of donated healthy livers. Meanwhile, the number of patients receiving a liver organ transplant for a better life is increasing. In this regard, HLCs may provide an adequate cell source to overcome these shortages. New molecular engineering approaches such as CRISPR/ Cas system applying in iPSCs technology provide the basic principles of gene correction for monogenic inherited metabolic liver diseases, as another application of HLCs. It has been shown that HLCs could replace primary human hepatocytes in drug discovery and hepatotoxicity tests. However, generation of fully functional HLCs is still a big challenge; several research groups have been trying to improve current differentiation protocols to achieve better HLCs according to morphology and function of cells. Large-scale generation of functional HLCs in bioreactors could make a new opportunity in producing enough hepatocytes for treating end-stage liver patients as well as other biomedical applications such as drug studies. In this review, regarding the biomedical value of HLCs, we focus on the current and efficient approaches for generating hepatocyte-like cells in vitro and discuss about their applications in regenerative medicine and drug discovery.

Suggesting Missing Relations in Biomedical Ontologies Based on Lexical Regularities.

The number of biomedical ontologies has increased significantly in recent years. Many of such ontologies are the result of efforts of communities of domain experts and ontology engineers. The development and application of quality assurance (QA) methods should help these communities to develop useful ontologies for both humans and machines. According to previous studies, biomedical ontologies are rich in natural language content, but most of them are not so rich in axiomatic terms. Here, we are interested in studying the relation between content in natural language and content in axiomatic form. The analysis of the labels of the classes permits to identify lexical regularities (LRs), which are sets of words that are shared by labels of different classes. Our assumption is that the classes exhibiting an LR should be logically related through axioms, which is used to propose an algorithm to detect missing relations in the ontology. Here, we analyse a lexical regularity of SNOMED CT, congenital stenosis, which is reported as problematic by the SNOMED CT maintenance team.

The Pluripotent Rendering of Clinical Data for Precision Medicine.

Health care and biomedical research are awash in data. Traditional data warehouse methodologies do not scale to this challenge; nor do their schema match the variety of analytic use cases. An alternative model, which shreds data into well-formed constituent data elements, conformant with the emerging CIMI-FHIR standards and stored together with the complete, raw, source data using modern and scalable data utilities such as Hadoop and its derivatives, affords the creation of pluripotent data repositories. Such repositories can be leveraged to generate any number of data marts, registries, and analytic data sets, each of which "just in time" binds an appropriate use-case specific data model. We call this notion PiCaRD: Pluripotent Clinical Repository of Data. We believe such nimble biomedical data management strategies are crucial for Precision Medicine discovery and application.

50th Anniversary International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) History Working Group and Its Projects.

The IMIA History Working Group has as its first goal the editing of a volume of contributions from pioneers and leaders in the field of biomedical and health informatics (BMHI) to commemorate the 50th anniversary of IMIA's predecessor IFIP-TC4. This paper describes how the IMIA History WG evolved from an earlier Taskforce, and has focused on producing the edited book of original contributions. We describe its proposed outline of objectives for the personal stories, and national and regional society narratives, together with some comments on the evolution of Medinfo meeting contributions over the years, to provide a reference source for the early motivations of the scientific, clinical, educational, and professional changes that have influenced the historical course of our field.

Consciouess of Biomedical Ethics in Dental Hygiene Students and Non-Dental Hygiene Students

Consciouess of Biomedical Ethics in Dental Hygiene Students and Non-Dental Hygiene Students

A Comparative Study on Deep Learning Topology for Event Extraction from Biomedical Literature

A Comparative Study on Deep Learning Topology for Event Extraction from Biomedical Literature

Ethics of translational medical research.

Translational research is the science of application of basic research knowledge to develop novel methods of improving public health outcome. This review briefly discusses the various phases involved and the hurdles faced in the translational pathway, how translational science originated, and the infrastructures consigned for translational research. Translational research also faces numerous diverse ethical issues similar to those observed in biomedical research. The various types of ethical issues faced whereas conducting translational research are discussed briefly in this review to help researchers identify and prevent unethical practices while conducting or regulating translational research.

Patent in Biomedicine

Patent in Biomedicine