Biomass Charcoal Research Articles

Advanced visualisation of biomass charcoal combustion dynamics using MWIR hyperspectral and LWIR thermal imaging under varied airflow conditions

Biomass charcoal combustion is a complex process, significantly influenced by various operating parameters. Among these parameters, air supply emerges as a critical factor affecting combustion efficiency, gas emissions, and thermal dynamics. In this study, we explored these complex interdependencies using a novel combination of mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) hyperspectral imaging and long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) thermal imaging, under different airflow rates. Our findings demonstrated that while increased airflow accelerated the overall combustion rate, it simultaneously decreased combustion efficiency. Specifically, the thermal profiles showed an increased surface temperature at a low flowrate (0.5 L/min) while decreasing in temperature with higher flowrates. The decreased system temperature led to a lower combustion efficiency because of the reduced conversion rate from combustible gases (CH4 and CO) into CO2 and H2O. Additionally, the results also demonstrated that cooling effects of the high flowrates primarily impeded the solid-phase combustion stage. This is further corroborated by the temporal and spatial variation in the emissions of key gas species (H2O vapor, CH4, CO, and CO2) observed through hyperspectral imaging. The emission evolution of these gases displayed the different stages of the gas-phase and solid-phase combustion. The spatial distribution of the trace gases showed a decreased distribution radius due to the enhanced diffusion to the fuel surface when the airflow increases, aligning well with the two-film model established in the literature. Furthermore, we utilised spectral radiance ratios (CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, H2O/CO2) to gain additional insights into the combustion dynamics. These ratios evidenced the decrease in combustion efficiency at high airflow rates. Finally, the increased H2O/CO2 ratio further demonstrated the impeded char combustion and a shift towards pyrolysis at higher airflow rates because of the decreased thermal equilibrium of the system. The findings from this study provide critical insights into the dynamics of biomass charcoal combustion and illuminates the path for optimising energy efficiency and assessing the environmental implications from burning biomass fuels.

Industrial waste and biomass charcoal composite fuel for iron ore sintering: harmless disposal of waste and carbon reduction

Industrial waste and biomass charcoal composite fuel for iron ore sintering: harmless disposal of waste and carbon reduction

Analisa Kualitas Briket Arang dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Dengan Rasio Perekat Amylum dan Ukuran Partikel Terhadap Parameter Produk Briket

One solution to reduce kerosene consumption is by utilizing waste from palm kernel processing to create biochar briquettes. These biochar briquettes are made from palm kernel shells and serve as a dense alternative energy source. Additionally, biomass charcoal can also be used as an alternative fuel. Biomass charcoal has a high calorific value and produces minimal smoke and emissions when burned. Various biomass materials, including palm kernel shells, wood, and coconut husks, can be used. The study aims to determine the burnable surface area of briquettes within a specific time frame. Particle size and adhesive percentage affect the charcoal density on the briquette surface, which, in turn, influences combustion speed. The results indicate that the burnable surface area of the samples is quite small. Furthermore, the study measures the ignition time required for briquettes to burn completely. On average, the samples burn for 90 to 114 minutes. Although there is no significant difference in burn time between mesh sizes 40, 50, and 60, the reference sample burns for up to 3.5 hours.

A novel strategy for preparing high-performance, low-cost biomass charcoal for dye adsorption using aquatic agricultural waste lotus stem fibers

In this study, lotus stem (LS), a natural, abundant, and underutilized aquatic agricultural waste, was used to prepare biochar (BC) as a potential adsorbent for sewage treatment. A two-step process for the production of LS based nitrogen-doped BC (NLBC) has been developed, involving low-temperature pyrolysis of LS and urea mixture, followed by high-temperature pyrolysis of the pre-carbonized BC via NaOH immersion technique. The two-step activation treatment not only can effectively maintain the structural integrity of LS, but contribute to exposing more active sites for effective adsorption of methylene blue (MB). The obtained NLBC possesses a large pore volume (0.997 cm3 g−1) and great specific surface area of 1478.93 m2 g−1, contributing to its maximum adsorption capacity of 2320.81 mg g−1 for MB. The behavior of MB adsorbed onto NLBC conforms to pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir–Freundlich models. The adsorption capacity remains stable across a range of pH, varying salt concentrations, and cyclic repetitions. The adsorption mechanism was ascribed to the synergetic effects of pore filling, H-bonding, and electrostatic interaction through comparative analysis before and after adsorption. The results indicate that NLBC is an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and efficient for dye-containing wastewater treatment.

Preparation of biochar materials and their research progress in supercapacitors

With the depletion of fossil fuels causing a series of energy and environmental problems, accelerating the development of green and clean energy is urgent. Supercapacitors are favored by researchers due to their excellent performance such as high specific energy and good stability. Biochar is obtained from biomass materials after pre-carbonization and activation treatment, with developed pore size, high active specific surface area, and abundant resources. It has good application prospects as a supercapacitor material. This article provides a brief introduction to biomass charcoal materials and introduces the preparation methods of biomass charcoal and its research progress in the field of supercapacitors. Finally, it looks forward to the development trend of biomass charcoal materials, providing a reference for further improving the research application of biomass charcoal materials in the field of supercapacitors in the future.

Biochar from de-oiled Chlorella vulgaris and its adsorption on antibiotics

Abstract High-performance biochar was prepared using de-oiled Chlorella vulgaris biomass as the raw material and KOH as the modifying activator. The properties of the biochar as an adsorbent for the removal of tetracycline (TC) and enrofloxacin (ENR) were investigated under different conditions by varying the amount of the Chlorella vulgaris de-oiled biomass (DB) input. The surface structure and physicochemical properties of different Chlorella vulgaris biomass charcoal (CBC) samples were studied and compared, and the best adsorption performance of the biomass charcoal was obtained when DB = 7. Through orthogonal analysis, it was determined that the optimal adsorption condition of CBC 7 on TC was 0.004 g (pH 3), which resulted in a removal rate of 96.45% and a maximum adsorption capacity of 241.1363 mg g−1, and on ENR was 0.004 g (pH 7), which resulted in a removal rate of 100% and a maximum adsorption capacity of 256.3326 mg g−1. The results of the kinetic fitting show that the adsorption of TC and ENR by CBC 7 was consistent with the pseudo-secondary kinetic equation. The maximum adsorption capacities can reach 299.8974 and 352.6736 mg g−1. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium of TC and ENR by CBC 7. The results show that the adsorption of TC and ENR are in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm.

High adsorption to methylene blue based on Fe3O4-N-banana-peel biomass charcoal.

This research focused on utilizing banana peel as the primary material for producing mesoporous biomass charcoal through one-step potassium hydroxide activation. Subsequently, the biomass charcoal underwent high-temperature calcination with varying impregnation ratios of KOH : BC for different durations in tubular furnaces set at different temperatures. The resultant biomass charcoal was then subjected to hydrothermal treatment with FeCl3·6H2O to produce biochar/iron oxide composites. The adsorption capabilities of these composites towards methylene blue (MB) were examined under various conditions, including pH (ranging from 3 to 12), temperature variations, and initial MB concentrations (ranging from 50 to 400 mg L-1). The adsorption behavior aligned with the Langmuir model and demonstrated quasi-secondary kinetics. After five adsorption cycles, the capacity decreased from 618.64 mg g-1 to 497.18 mg g-1, indicating considerable stability. Notably, Fe3O4-N-BC exhibited exceptional MB adsorption performance.

Study on the effect of biomass charcoal-biogas application technology on soil carbon and nitrogen fractions and soil microbiological properties based on biomass charcoal-biogas application technology

Abstract The application of biogas and biomass charcoal to terrestrial crops and vegetables can promote their growth. The effects of the combined application of the two on soil carbon and nitrogen fractions and soil microbiological properties are not well-studied. Therefore, in this experiment, the red and yellow soil of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, was used as the research object, and two factors, biomass charcoal and biogas, were set up to investigate the soil changes under the conditions of biomass charcoal-biogas application. One-way ANOVA and correlation analysis examined the differences in soil and crop radish under biomass charcoal-biogas application technology. The experimental results showed that the 2% application of hog manure charcoal at 350°C and 100% N amount of replacement of biosolids dosing treatments were the most effective, which could increase the content of organic matter, soluble organic carbon, etc., as well as the content of nitrogen in the soil, and improve the activity of soil enzymes. The enhancement of radish yield was greater with the application of swine manure charcoal with biogas than with the single application of both, and the maximum radish yield was achieved with the 100% N amount substitution of biogas with the application of swine manure charcoal at 2%-350°C treatment. The heavy metal contents in radish were below the limit values after 9 months of application of both biogas and biomass charcoal, which did not affect the edible safety of radish.

The mechanism of NOx removal in the sintering process based on source reduction of carbon emissions.

This study systematically investigates the mechanism of NOx emissions during the sintering process, with a focus on the utilization of biochar as an auxiliary fuel to replace a portion of the coke traditionally used in iron ore sintering. The research involved the simulation of sintering raw material ratios using iron ore, biochar, and coke powder. Substitution levels of biochar for coke were set at 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. NOx emissions during the sintering process were monitored using a sintering flue gas detection system. Simultaneously, a comprehensive analysis of the sintered ore was conducted with the aim of producing samples that meet sintered ore requirements while reducing NOx emissions. Experimental results revealed that when biomass charcoal substitution for coke reached 50%, the lowest NO emissions were observed during the sintering process, with a reduction of over 90% in accumulated NO emissions in the exhaust gas. In this process, due to the participation of biochar, CO2 emissions were reduced by approximately 50% compared to traditional sintering processes. The study also analyzed the physicochemical properties of the sintered ore using methods such as XRD, Raman, FTIR, and Vickers hardness testing. The results indicated that the hardness fluctuated within the range of 610 to 710N for sintered products with different levels of biochar substitution, and there were minimal changes in Fe element content and crystal phase transformations.

Integration of power to gas and biomass charcoal in oxygen blast furnace ironmaking

The paper introduces a novel approach for mitigating CO2 emissions in blast furnaces by integrating top gas recycling, an oxy-fuel regime, power to gas, and biomass pyrolysis. Various case studies were conducted, involving the adjustment of pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C, 500 °C, 700 °C, and 900 °C) and varying the quantity of blast furnace gas directed to methanation for carbon recycling. Pinus radiata, abundant and cost-effective in Chile and Spain, was chosen as the biomass source. The integration was modeled using the extended operating line methodology and evaluated through 12 key performance indicators, such as flame temperature, coke consumption, CO2 emissions, and specific primary energy consumption per unit of CO2 avoided. Optimal performance was observed with pyrolysis at 700 °C and no blast furnace gas recycled through methanation. This configuration achieved a 58 % reduction in CO2 emissions, with an energy consumption of 9.8 MJ/kgCO2, and obviated the need for geological storage. Comparing this innovative proposal with other oxygen blast furnace approaches from the literature revealed a 13 percentage point improvement in CO2 reduction over the second-best alternative. Additionally, the required electrolysis capacity, influencing capital expenditure, was 57 % lower, and energy consumption was reduced by 44 %.

Characteristics Biobriquettes from Mushroom Baglog Waste Carbonization Production

Bio briquette is a briquette based on agricultural waste because it is deliberately made from biomass charcoal. The utilization of agricultural waste such as mushroom planting media to be processed as bio briquette requires a very cheap cost. Bio briquettes that are processed properly and correctly, will produce high-quality briquettes. The purpose of this study was to produce a biobriquette from baglog mushroom waste and to determine the characteristics of the biobriquette. The research material used consisted of 400 grams of mushroom baglog waste and 40 grams of starch as adhesive. The briquette dough is then printed cylindrical. The printed briquettes are then heated at 80°C for 5 hours to reduce the moisture content. The result of smoke test is the smoke will stop in 17 seconds with the color of the smoke is white. The Combustion of speed test, the results obtained are 0,0019 gram/second with an initial sample weight of 2, 4 grams and burning for 20 minutes 35 seconds with a final sample weight of 0,387 grams. The result of ash content is 0.16%. This result is in accordance with the SNI issued by our government. SNI of ash content is max 8 %.

Research on the Preparation of Biochar from Waste and Its Application in Environmental Remediation

Biochar is a carbon-rich material that can be composed of a variety of raw materials. From the perspective of resource reuse, it is quite feasible to use waste as a raw material for the preparation of biochar. This paper provides an overview of the types of waste that can be used to prepare biochar and their specific substances, and also summarises methods to enhance or improve the performance of biochar, including physical, chemical, biological and other methods. The feedstock for biochar includes four categories: agricultural and forestry waste, industrial by-products, municipal solid waste and other non-traditional materials. This paper also summarises and classifies the role played by biochar in environmental applications, which can be classified according to its role as an adsorbent, catalyst and soil conditioner, and other applications. In addition to being widely used as an adsorbent, catalyst and activator, biomass charcoal also has good application prospects as a soil remediation agent, amendment agent and supercapacitor, and in soil carbon sequestration. Finally, some ideas and suggestions are detailed for the present research and experiments, offering new perspectives for future development.

Effective Removal of Dyes from Wastewater by Osmanthus Fragrans Biomass Charcoal.

The exploration of low-cost, high-performance adsorbents is a popular research issue. In this work, a straightforward method that combined hydrothermal with tube firing was used to produce Osmanthus fragrans biomass charcoal (OBC) from low-cost osmanthus for dye adsorption in water. The study examined the parameters of starting concentration, pH, and duration, which impacted the process of adsorption of different dyes by OBC. The analysis showed that the adsorption capacities of OBC for six dyes: malachite green (MG, C0 = 800 mg/L, pH = 7), Congo red (CR, C0 = 1000 mg/L, pH = 8), rhodamine B (RhB, C0 = 500 mg/L, pH = 6), methyl orange (MO, C0 = 1000 mg/L, pH = 7), methylene blue (MB, C0 = 700 mg/L, pH = 8), and crystalline violet (CV, C0 = 500 mg/L, pH = 7) were 6501.09, 2870.30, 554.93, 6277.72, 626.50, and 3539.34 mg/g, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm model were compatible with the experimental findings, which suggested the dominance of ion exchange and chemisorption. The materials were characterized by using XRD, SEM, FTIR, BET, and XPS, and the results showed that OBC had an outstanding specific surface area (2063 m2·g-1), with potential adsorption mechanisms that included electrostatic mechanisms, hydrogen bonding, and π-π adsorption. The fact that the adsorption capacity did not drastically decrease after five cycles of adsorption and desorption suggests that OBC has the potential to be a dye adsorbent.

Combustion inhibition of biomass charcoal using slaked lime and dolime slurries

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) are promising fire suppressors because of their characteristics of nontoxic, cost-effective, and high fire suppression ability. In this work, a comprehensive study of fire inhibition of slaked lime and dolime slurries, containing different ratios of Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2, was implemented for the first time. A synchronised imaging system was developed for the visualisation of the droplet evolution temporally. The chemical components were analysed by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. A single droplet test and a variable volume test were performed to measure the charcoal surface temperature under different conditions. The results demonstrated that the Ca(OH)2 slurry better inhibits combustion in comparison to water, which could significantly decrease the risk of fuel re-ignition. The main mechanism was found as the effective inhibition of the exchange of the oxygen and fuel by the thermally stable residues. Additionally, either adding the mixture of Mg(OH)2 or increasing the solid content of the Ca(OH)2 could further improve their effectiveness. Three stages of the fire suppression were identified in this work and a conceptual model was built accordingly to demonstrate the fire inhibition mechanisms. The results from this work could provide important guidance for the research into alternative methods of fire extinguishment.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MODIFIED BIOMASS CHARCOAL PRODUCTION KILN

This research was focused on the design and development of a modified biomass charcoal production kiln. Society uses an ancient and rudimentary method of charcoal production that has received little investigation and analysis. The conventional charcoal production process has several drawbacks and disadvantages in terms of rate of carbonization, quality, yield, pollution, labor, and land costs. This study aimed to design and develop a charcoal production carbonization kiln that would alleviate the mentioned problems. The following results found the moisture content as (2,0.89) %, the volatile matter (8.84,3.02) %, the fixed carbon content (81.09,91.42)%, the heating value (29.982,32.762)MJ/kg, bulk density (342.53,434.5)kg/m3, shatter resistance(88.8,91.12)%, water penetration resistance (26.34,17.99)%, ash content (8.06,4.660)%, efficiency(16,31)%, and production time per cycle(3,5) days for conventional earth mound kiln and improved carbonization kiln respectively. From the result, the maximum shatter resistance shows well in mechanical strength, and high-water penetration resistance shows that the charcoal has better water absorption and a good heating value. The higher density shows that the volume is reduced due to the escape of volatile components and high fixed carbon content. Finally, the modified carbonization kiln yield was improved by 48.38%. Keywords: Biomass, Carbonization charcoal, Design, kiln, Molecular weight

A techno-economic assessment of the reutilisation of municipal solid waste incineration ash for CO2 capture from incineration flue gases by calcium looping

Waste-to-Energy (WtE) through municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration is a key waste management strategy to reduce the mass and volume of landfilled wastes, especially for land-constrained areas such as urban centres. However, this process releases large amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere and the ash that remains after burning, which contains a variety of metals and minerals, is often sent to the landfill after some metal recovery. In this study, the CaO containing ash is used to derive sorbents for the calcium looping (CaL) process for post-combustion CO2 capture and storage (CCS), and a techno-economic assessment was performed to preliminarily probe the feasibility of retrofitting a CaL plant using ash-derived sorbents to capture CO2 from a 200MWth WtE plant, as a possible means to decarbonise WtE plants. The analysis was performed through process modelling of the CaL plant using 4 different supplementary fuels in the calciner, namely, biomass charcoal (BC), solid recovered fuel (SRF), coal, and natural gas (NG). At the base purge ratio of 5%, all the cases show increases in the levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) over the base WtE, ranging from 184 (NG) to 246 (BC) USD/MWhe. The sale of additional electricity generated from the heat recovery steam cycle could slightly mitigates the capital intensiveness of the process, resulting in a levelised cost of carbon abatement (LCCA) range of USD 89 (SRF) to 184 (coal)/tCO2, which is competitive with other bioenergy with CO2 capture and storage (BECCS) technologies. The biogenic fuels also result in lower specific primary energy consumption per CO2 avoided (SPECCA) of 5.6 (BC) and 6.8 (SRF) MJLHV/tCO2, which are comparable to values from other CCS technologies and CaL implementation studies. Sensitivity analysis of 14 economic and process parameters reveals that further improvements can be achieved through optimisation of the energy intensive sub-processes, such as cryogenic air separation and CO2 compression and purification. Tighter solid heat integration (SHI) concepts were also modelled and are shown to effectively reduce fuel and O2 requirements by up to 22.2%, thereby lowering annualised costs by up to 11.9%. In addition, this paper highlights the importance of regulatory support through favourable policies such as higher carbon pricing and CO2 credit trading to push the development and adoption of negative emission technologies to meet global decarbonisation targets.

Effects of Corn Straw and Biochar Returning to Fields Every Other Year on the Structure of Soil Humic Acid

Returning straw and biochar to the fields can change the structure of humic acid in soil and affect the content of soil organic matter. However, returning straw and biochar to the fields in successive years also increases the insect pests of crops and causes nitrogen competition, thus increasing the soil burden. Therefore, to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the time effect of returning fields, three treatments were set in this paper to study the effects of straw and biochar returning every other year on the soil organic matter and humic acid (HA) structure. Elements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric spectroscopy (TG), three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, and solid state 13C-NMR spectroscopy were used to comprehensively investigate the structural characteristics of humic acid in soil. The results showed that after straw and biomass charcoal are returned to the field every other year, compared with 2018, after planting in 2020, the average content of soil organic carbon will increase by 29.49% and 36.14%, respectively. HA showed a phenomenon of increased aliphatic property and decreased aromaticity; aromatic carbon of HA decreased, while alkyl carbon and alkoxy carbon increased; the molecular structure of HA developed toward simplification. In the short term, the effect of biomass charcoal returning was more significant. This study can be used as a reference for the research on the time effect of returning straw and biomass carbon to the fields, and can also provide a basis for the research on the composition of humus after returning organic materials to the fields.

A fancy hydrangea shape bimetallic Ni-Mo oxide of remarkable catalytic effect for hydrogen storage of MgH2

The design of catalysts with excellent catalytic activity plays an important role in the field of solid-state hydrogen storage of new energy sources. Herein, a novel hydrangea-like NiO@NiMoO4 composite catalyst was prepared through a facile hydrothermal reaction. Subsequently, NiO@NiMoO4 was doped into MgH2 by ball milling to solve the problems of high dehydrogenation temperature and slow desorption kinetics of MgH2. It can be seen from the experimental results that the MgH2 + 10 wt% NiO@NiMoO4 composite starts to dehydrogenate at about 190 °C, which is about 170 °C lower than that of pure MgH2. Meanwhile, after complete dehydrogenation, the composites can start to absorb hydrogen below 40 °C. Compared with pure MgH2, the activation energy of hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation of the composite decreased by 47.6 kJ/mol and 46.5 kJ/mol, respectively. In 10th cycle tests, the MgH2 + 10 wt% NiO@NiMoO4 composite still has good cycle stability. After adding a small amount of biomass charcoal, the hydrogen storage capacity can even be maintained above 97%. Furthermore, the characterization results show that the in situ generated new species Mo and Mg2Ni/Mg2NiH4 synergistically promote the adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen. This new synergistic mechanism provides new comprehensive insights for improving reversible hydrogen storage in MgH2.

Pyroligneous acids from biomass charcoal by-product as a potential non-selective bioherbicide for organic farming: its chemical components, greenhouse phytotoxicity and field efficacy.

Effective and environmentally friendly herbicides are urgently needed to meet consumer demand for organic products. To evaluate the weed control effect of four pyroligneous acid (PAs) mixtures, the byproducts of bamboo/wood/straw vinegar, two herbicide discovery tests were done: (1) the greenhouse tests by using four indicative plants: wheat (Triticum sativa), radish (Raphanus sativus), cucumber (Cucumus sativus), and Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv; (2) Field trials with four weeds: E. crusgalli, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb, and Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. Greenhouse tests showed that the efficacy of PAs and acetic acid (AA) to control four test plants increased with the increasing of PAs concentration. The inhibition rates of four tested PAs (FBV (0.6-9.2% AA + (0.3-5.0% tar), HWV (0.2-1.8% AA + 0.3-4.3% tar), ASV (0.5-8.7% AA + 0.4-7.0% tar), and CWV (0.7-5.3% AA + 0.5-7.5% tar) gave inhibition rates of 56 ± 4-97 ± 2%, 21 ± 2-90 ± 6%, 29 ± 3-98 ± 5%, and 44 ± 6-86 ± 2%, respectively, and the field effects of PAs against four weeds were enhanced with the increasing of concentrations and time after spraying (1 to 14days). Their control effects against E. crusgalli, E. indica, A. philoxeroides, and C. canadensis were 4 ± 1-93 ± 4%, 7 ± 3-90 ± 3%, 32 ± 2-95 ± 3%, and 31 ± 5-96 ± 4%, respectively. The mixed effect of the four PAs was higher than the same dose of AA. These results will help to determine the potential of PAs to be developed as non-selective herbicides to control weeds in organic farming.

Effect of Replacing Coke with Biomass Fuel on Sinter Properties and Pollutant Emissions

In the iron-ore-sintering process, the use of biomass charcoal instead of coke breeze can reduce the emission of flue gas pollutants and alleviate the energy crisis of fossil fuels. However, the direct application of biomass charcoal to iron ore sintering is bound to affect the sinter properties. The effects of biomass charcoal addition on the sintering ore properties and flue gas pollutants emission were studied through sintering cup and related performance test experiments. Meanwhile, the influence mechanism of biomass charcoal instead of coke breeze on iron ore sintering was expounded. The experimental results show that with an increase in biomass charcoal, the vertical sintering rate increased, the internal pore structure developed rapidly, and the pollutant emission decreased gradually. When the biomass charcoal content was less than 40%, the sinter strength and yield were stable and slightly improved with the increase in biomass charcoal. When the biomass charcoal content was higher than 40%, the metallurgical properties of sinter degraded sharply, making it difficult to meet the production requirements. The comprehensive effect of biomass charcoal on the sinter suggests that the suitable biomass charcoal addition was 40%; under this condition, the reduction in SO2 and NOx was 28.2% and 25.7%, respectively.