Bioimpedance Parameters Research Articles

Effect of a mixture of botanicals extracts plus mannitol on hydration and bloating sensation. An open label study in women with high extra cellular water

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of of 4 and 8 week supplementation with highly standardized formula with Fraxinus ornus L., plus Ananas comosus L., concentrated juice, Betula pendula R., Equisetum arvense L., Urtica dioica L. and Pilosella officinarum L. Vail dry extract, on the state of hydration and bloating sensation in subjects with high and moderate extra cellular water (ECW). 19 women (mean age 35 yr and Body Mass Index 22.82 kg\\m2) with Extra Cellular Water over 45%completed the study and their data were analysed at baseline, at 30 and 60 days. Bio-impedance, SF36 and anthropometric parameters were assessed. The ECW decreased of −1.97% (at 30 days) and −2.30% (60 days) (p < 0.01). Also fat mass decreased of −1.58% (at 30 days) and −2.21% (60 days) (p = 0.057). An improvement of free fat mass was assessed (p < 0.05) but not on bloating sensation questionnaire at 60 days (p = 0.422).

Prognostic Significance of Anthropometric and Bioimpedance Parameters of Yakut Women for Birth of Newborns with High Body Weight

Prognostic Significance of Anthropometric and Bioimpedance Parameters of Yakut Women for Birth of Newborns with High Body Weight

The role of MC4R rs17782313 gene polymorphism, anthropometric and bioimpedance parameters in the etiology of pregnant woman's obesity

The role of MC4R rs17782313 gene polymorphism, anthropometric and bioimpedance parameters in the etiology of pregnant woman's obesity

Electrode Placement for Calf Bioimpedance Measurements During Hemodialysis.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a chronic medical condition that causes reduced exercise tolerance, shortness of breath, and fluid buildup in the lungs, legs, and abdomen. Monitoring patient fluid status using non-invasive techniques such as bioimpedance may help reduce CHF related read- mission rates. Bioimpedance measurements were performed in a controlled environment (hemodialysis) at two locations on the calf (side and back) to determine ideal electrode placement for monitoring changes in fluid status. Changes in calf bioimpedance were heterogeneous. Three out of seven patients had higher changes at the back of the calf compared with the side of the calf for the bioimpedance parameter $R_{0}$ (the resistance measured at low frequency that is related to extracellular water). These data suggest there are differences in resistivity within the calf. Simulations showed that the use of point electrodes weights tissue nearest the electrodes more heavily, but that this dependence can be eliminated through the use of ring electrodes, effectively averaging resistivity around the calf.

Anthropometric features as predictors of atherogenic dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk in a large population of school-aged children.

BackgroundAutopsy studies reveal that atherosclerosis lesions can be found as early as two years of age. To slow the development of this early pathology, obesity and dyslipidemia prevention should start from childhood making it urgent to explore new ways to evaluate dyslipidemia risk in children that can be applied widely, such as the non-invasive anthropometric evaluation.ObjectiveAssess the metabolic profile of a pediatric population at a specific age to describe the association between anthropometric and biochemical cardiovascular disease risk factors; and evaluate selected anthropometric variables as potential predictors for dyslipidemic cardiovascular risk.Design and methodsAnthropometric features, bioimpedance parameters and fasting clinical profile were assessed in Lisbon and the Tagus Valley region pre-pubertal nine-year-old children (n = 1.496) from 2009–2013 in a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Anthropometric variables predictive power was evaluated through regression analysis.ResultsAt least one abnormal lipid parameter was found in 65% of “normal weight”, 73% of “overweight” and 81% of “obese” children according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) standards. Dyslipidemia was present in 67.8% of children. Waist-hip ratio (WHR) explained 0.4% of total cholesterol (TC) variance. Waist circumference (WC) explained 2.8% of apolipoprotein (APO) A1 variance. Waist-circumference-to-height-ratio (WHtR) explained 2.7%, 2.8% and 1.9% of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), APO B, and N_HDL-c variance, respectively. Children with abnormally high WHR levels had an increase in risk of 4.49, 3.40 and 5.30 times, respectively, for developing cardiovascular disease risk factors measured as high-risk levels of TC, LDL-c and non-HDL-c (N_HDL-c) (p<0.05). Only 29.9% of “normal weight” children had no anthropometric, bioimpedance or biochemical parameters associated with CV risk.ConclusionA large proportion of school age children have at least one lipid profile abnormality. BMI, zBMI, calf circumference (CC), hip circumference (HC), WC, and WHR are directly associated with dyslipidemia, whereas HC and calf circumference (CC) adjusted to WC, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), are all inversely associated with dyslipidemia. Selected anthropometric variables are likely to help predict increased odds of having CV risk factors.

Dynamics of Bioimpedance Parameters on Three Frequencies During Ultrafiltration

Background/Aim. At present, methods based on the analysis of non-invasively measured parameters of electrical bioimpedance for the diagnosis of the patient's biohydrality are of interest. The purpose of this article is to investigate the dynamics of electrical impedance parameters (module, phase angle, active and reactive components) of the human body during ultrafiltration of programmed hemodialysis at three frequencies of 20 kHz, 100 kHz, 500 kHz. Equipment and Methods. For the research was used the hemodialysis system Fresenius Medical Care 5008C. This system provided the implementation of the ultrafiltration procedure profile. Also was used the hardware and software complex of monitoring bioimpedasometry TOR-M-1, adapted for hemodialysis procedure and conditions. Using these equipment the dependences of the modulus Z, the phase angle $ \varphi $, active R and the reactive X impedance components corrected to the body length of the patient H, the region of distribution of the bioimpedance vector relative to the tolerance ellipses and the dynamics of these parameters, depending on the volume of the ultrafiltrate and the profile of the ultrafiltration procedure were studied. Dynamics of bioimpedance parameters. It was found that during the ultrafiltration has a characteristic complex nonlinear behavior of the impedance parameters for each individual patient. The intensity of this nonlinearity increases with increasing frequency. It is expressively observed at higher frequencies of 100 kHz and 500 kHz. Interpretation of Impedance Dynamics with Tolerance Ellipses. The non-stationary oscillatory character of the parameter dynamics testifies to the complexity of the individual transient processes of redistribution of volumes of human water sectors in the process of hemodialysis and associated with changes in the ratio of intracellular, extracellular fluids and blood, the structural composition of the liquid. This causes fast flowing changes in active conductivity in the intercellular environment and reactive conductivity due to the action of polarization processes on the dielectric structures of biological tissues. Discussion and Conclusion. Measurements and cumulative analysis of the parameters of electrical impedance directly in the process of hemodialysis allows to objectively monitor the progress of the patient's functional state in real time with an assessment of the presence or absence of a `dry weight 'level, evaluate the nature of the processes of redistribution of intracellular and extracellular sectors of the body and blood, and the differences in the course of the process of ultrafiltration of patients. This can be the basis, if necessary, for promptly adjusting the ultrafiltration process. Widening of the impedance measurement bandwidth enhances the diagnostic capabilities of such monitoring and the timely correction of the ultrafiltration procedure.

Electrical bioimpedance in patients after ischemic stroke, a civilization disease.

Ischemic stroke is caused by artery blockage, resulting in damage to brain tissue. A significant factor in the further treatment of a patient is not only the time to reach a specialist centre, but also the state of hydration of the organism. Clinical situations involving the excess or deficiency of water can have extremely serious consequences for the functioning of the body and subsequent stroke-related disorders. One of the increasingly common methods of evaluating the composition of the human body is by electrical bioimpedance. The aim of the study was to assess the state of human body hydration measured by bioimpedance in patients with an early stage of ischemic stroke. The examination involved 81 patients with ischemic stroke in the Neurology Department, Subdivision of Stroke Treatment at the Province Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Poland, in 2015. Measurement of the composition and outer and intracellular space of the human body by the Whole Body Bioimpedance (WBIA) method was performed using the Body Composition Monitor (BCM) (Fresenius Medical Care GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany). A group of patients were been examined with the use of the BIA apparatus three times: on the first, seventh, and tenth day of hospital stay, to determine the level of body hydration. Comparative analysis of data showed that on the first day of hospitalization all the measurements of electrical bioimpedance parameters in the patients were significantly different from those of the control group. In the case of TBW, ECW, ICW, the patients' scores were significantly higher than those of the control group. Only with respect to the over-hydration index, the patients achieved a significantly lower score than the control group. Assessment of hydration status in patients with a diagnosed stroke indicates a slight dehydration in relation to the control group, but falling within the scope of normovolaemia, according to bioimpedance measurement standards.

Small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion—bioimpedance measurements

Objective: Trans-intestinal bioimpedance measurements have previously been used to investigate changes in electrical parameters during 6 h of ischemia in the small intestine. Knowledge is lacking regarding the time course of trans-intestinal bioimpedance parameters during reperfusion. As reperfusion is an important part in the clinical treatment of intestinal ischemia, we need to know how it affects the bioimpedance measurements. Approach: We performed bioimpedance measurements, using a two-electrode setup on selected segments of the jejunum in 15 pigs. A controlled voltage signal was applied while measuring the resulting current. In each pig, five or six 30 cm segments of the jejunum were made ischemic by clamping the mesenteric arteries and veins creating segments with ischemia from 1–16 h duration. Reperfusion was initiated at selected time intervals of ischemia, and measured for 5–15 h afterwards. Main results: The tan δ parameter (loss tangent) was different (p < 0.016) comparing ischemic and control tissue for the duration of the experiment (16 h). Comparing the control tissue 30 cm from the ischemic area with the control tissue 60 cm from the ischemic tissue, we found that the mean tan δ amplitude in the frequency range (3900–6300 Hz) was significantly higher (p < 0.036) in the proximal control after 10 h of experiment duration. After reperfusion, the time development of tanδm (loss tangent maximum over a frequency range) amplitude and frequency overlapped and periodically increased above the tanδm in the ischemic intestine. Dependent on the ischemic duration pre-reperfusion, the initial increase in tan δ stabilizes or increases drastically over time, compared to the tan δ amplitude of the ischemic tissue. Significance: As during ischemia, the electrical parameters during reperfusion also follow a characteristic time-course, depending on the ischemic exposure before pre-reperfusion. The temporal changes in electrical parameters during small intestinal ischemia followed by reperfusion provides important information for assessment of tissue injury.

Transcranial Bioimpedance Measurement as a Non-invasive Estimate of Intracranial Pressure.

We have previously demonstrated a relationship between transcranial bioimpedance (TCB) measurements and intracranial pressure (ICP) in an animal model of raised ICP. The primary objective of this study was to explore the relationship between non-invasive bioelectrical impedance measurements of the brain and skull and ICP in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Included patients were adults admitted to the Neurological Intensive Care Unit with TBI and undergoing invasive ICP monitoring as part of their routine clinical care. Multi-frequency TCB measurements were performed hourly through bi-temporal electrodes. The bioimpedance parameters of Z c (impedance at the characteristic frequency) and R 0 (resistance to a direct current) were then modelled against ICP using unadjusted and adjusted linear models. One hundred and sixty-eight TCB measurements were available from ten study participants. Using an unadjusted linear modelling approach, there was no significant relationship between measured ICP and Zc or R0. The most significant relationship between ICP and TCB parameters was found by adjusting for multiple patient specific variables and using Zc and R0 normalised per patient (p < 0.0001, r 2 = 0.32). These pilot results confirm some degree of relationship between TCB parameters and invasively measured ICP. The magnitude of this relationship is small and, on the basis of the current study, TCB is unlikely to provide a clinically useful estimate of ICP in patients admitted with TBI.

Bioimpedance parameters in adolescent athletes in relation to bone maturity and biochemical zinc indices

Phase angle (PA) is derived from resistance and reactance determined by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and it appears to relate to cellular stability and integrity. Interpretation of PA values could be complemented by bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), which relates to body hydration and structure. Body composition, age, sex, and nutrients are known to stabilize cell membranes, such as zinc, have been related to PA although information is scarce in adolescent athletes. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of body composition, skeletal maturity and zinc biochemical indices with phase angle and bioelectrical impedance parameters, in forty male adolescent soccer athletes (13.4 ± 0.6 years). BIA was performed with a single-frequency tetrapolar analyzer. PA and BIVA were determined using resistance and reactance BIA data. Plasma and erythrocyte zinc concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bone age by hand X-ray measurements. PA was higher in adolescents classified by bone age as “Early” (6.8 ± 0.9°) compared to “Late” (5.7 ± 0.5°) (p < 0.05). PA correlated with bone age (r = 0.562), BMI (r = 0.382), fat-free mass (r = 0.468), and erythrocyte zinc (r = 0.379) (p < 0.05). BIVA confidence ellipses were sensitive to skeletal maturity status. Phase angle was higher in adolescents with erythrocyte zinc concentration above the median (>0.66 μmol.g hemoglobin-1) compared to those below the median. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that bone age (B = 0.254, p = 0.001) and erythrocyte zinc concentration (B = 1.168, p = 0.047) were significantly related to PA in this group, and accounted for 34% of its variability. Our results indicate that bone age and zinc erythrocyte contribute to PA values in the young male soccer athletes and that BIVA is influenced by skeletal maturity status in this group.

Screening for pre-eclampsia in the first trimester: role of maternal hemodynamics and bioimpedance in non-obese patients.

To test if maternal hemodynamics and bioimpedance, assessed at the time of combined screening for PE, are able to identify in the first trimester of gestation normotensive non-obese patients at risk for pre-eclampsia (PE) and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). One hundred and fifty healthy nulliparous non-obese women (body mass index < 30 kg/m2 ) in the first trimester of pregnancy underwent assessment by UltraSonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM) to detect hemodynamic parameters, bioimpedance analysis to characterize body composition, and combined screening for PE (assessment of maternal history, biophysical and maternal biochemical markers). Patients were followed until term, noting the appearance of PE and/or IUGR. One hundred and thirty-eight patients had an uneventful pregnancy (controls), while 12 (8%) developed complications (cases). USCOM showed, in cases compared with controls, lower cardiac output (5.6 ± 0.3 vs 6.7 ± 1.1 L/min, P < 0.001), lower inotropy index (1.54 ± 0.38 vs 1.91 ± 0.32 W/m2 , P < 0.001) and higher total vascular resistance (1279.8 ± 166.4 vs 1061.4 ± 179.5 dynes × s/cm5 , P < 0.001). Bioimpedance analysis showed, in cases compared with controls, lower total body water (53.7 ± 3.3% vs 57.2 ± 5.6%, P = 0.037). Combined screening was positive for PE in 8% of the controls and in 50% of the cases (P < 0.001). After identification of cut-off values for USCOM and bioimpedance parameters, forward multivariate logistic regression analysis identified as independent predictors of complications in pregnancy the inotropy index (derived by USCOM), fat mass (derived from bioimpedance analysis) and combined screening. Combined screening for PE and assessment of bioimpedance and maternal hemodynamics can be used to identify early markers of impaired cardiovascular adaptation and body composition that may lead to complications in the third trimester of pregnancy. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

MON-P127:Anthropometric and Bioimpedance Parameters and their Association with Osteoporosis. A Case Control Study

MON-P127:Anthropometric and Bioimpedance Parameters and their Association with Osteoporosis. A Case Control Study

EP04.21: Tetralogy of Fallot: a series of cases – associations and evolution

Tetralogy of Fallot has many forms and is frequently associated with other fetal malformations. The evaluation of this pathology's variants, the structural anomalies associations and the fetal or neonatal evolution are observed on a series of cases. A series of 18 fetuses were diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot, through a period of 7 years, in a tertiary centre from Romania. The gestational age at the time of the echocardiography ranged between 21 and 38 weeks. An amniocentesis was performed in 7 fetuses, out of which one had Down syndrome, two had DiGeorge syndrome, while the remaining four fetuses had a normal karyotype. In three of the fetuses, the tetralogy of Fallot had an extreme variant: one case had a pulmonary valve atresia with severe hypoplasia of the pulmonary branches and MAPCA's, the other was diagnosed with severe pulmonary valve stenosis and pulmonary branch hypoplasia (DiGeorge syndrome) and one fetus had an absent pulmonary valve. Other structural anomalies associations were described in 8 fetuses: bilateral pyelectasis in two of the cases (one with Down, the other with an absent inferior vena cava), hypoplastic thymus in two of the fetuses (with Down and DiGeorge syndrome), unique kidney in one fetus (absence of the pulmonary valve), one fetus with early IUGR and unique umbilical artery (normal karyotype), one case with polycystic bilateral kidney and 2 cases with LPSVC (one of them with MAPCA's). Out of the 18 fetuses, four underwent an TOP (the cases with Down, early IUGR, bilateral polycystic kidney and absence of the pulmonary valve). A number of 7 pregnancies came back to our clinic, and the 7 newborns underwent a cardiac evaluation, followed by surgical interventions which included a systemic-pulmonary shunt. An additional MAPCA's was diagnosed after birth. In conclusion the associations between tetralogy of Fallot and other structural anomalies are frequent, and the MAPCA's diagnosis can't always be intrauterinally established. This research was partially supported by the Collective Research Grants of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Romania (“The role of mother's genetic determinism in child's obesity correlated with bioimpedance and anthropometric parameters” no.275/4/11.01.2017).

Biochemical and anthropometric correlates of bio-electrical impedance parameters in severely malnourished children: A cross-sectional study

Despite expanding use of bio-impedance (BI), little is known about its pathophysiologic significance and biological correlates OBJECTIVE: Determine correlations of BI parameters with anthropometry and biomarkers of electrolyte homeostasis, inflammation and liver function in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). We studied Ethiopian children with SAM (mid-arm circumference <11·0cm or weight-for-height <70% of the NCHS growth reference median and/or nutritional oedema) at hospitalization. Impedance (Z, Ohm), resistance (R, Ohm), reactance (Xc, Ohm) and phase angle (PA, degree) were measured at 50kHz. R and Xc were height-indexed. Anthropometric Z-scores were calculated. Serum phosphate, Ca, Na, K, Mg, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, α1-acid glycoprotein, albumin and haemoglobin were measured. Healthy children were used for BI comparison. Correlates of BI were established using forward selection after comparing models using likelihood ratio test. The sample comprised 55 children with SAM (age 36±24 months; 60% males; 72.7% oedematous) and 80 healthy control children (age 28±15 months; 47.5% males). Oedematous children had the lowest BI parameters compared with reference and non-oedematous children. Similarly, they had lower serum albumin, K and alkaline phosphatase levels than non-oedematous children. Oedema was independent negative correlate of R, Xc and PA. Serum albumin level and weight-for-height Z-score were positive correlates of R, whereas serum calcium and Cl levels were positive correlates of Xc. MUAC correlated positively with PA. Nutritional oedema explained the divergence of BI parameters from normality. Soft tissue mass, serum albumin, Ca and Cl accounted for variability of BI parameters in children with SAM.

Bio-impedance identification of fingertip skin for enhancement of electro-tactile-based preference

Research in rehabilitation engineering has shown that electrodes can produce tactile sensations with appropriate electrical signals to stimulate the multiple tactile receptors located under the fingertip skin. Numerous equivalent skin–electrode interfaces have been modeled to characterize the electrical properties of the skin; however, the values of these circuit models are continually changing, due both to the nonlinearity associated with human fingertip skin and to individual user differences. As a result, electrical stimulation that is suitable in terms of current or voltage level for tactile sensations cannot be guaranteed for every user. An identification method is then necessary for characterizing the parameters of the skin–electrode interface circuit model so as to improve rendering consistency and comfort for every user regardless of skin condition. In this paper, we introduce a custom-built electro-tactile display terminal, and then using this display terminal for data collection, we present an online identification scheme for determining the bio-impedance parameters of the well-known Cole–Cole circuit model for the skin–electrode interface. For this, a modified Kalman least squares iterative approach is used that relies on measuring only one-port square wave stimulation voltages. The repeatability and reliability of the identification scheme are tested by identifying the resistor–capacitor (RC) load bio-impedance networks of different users with both a dry and slightly damp index fingertip over multiple identification trials. Additionally, because of the inevitable variation in the parameters over multiple measurements, the repeatability of multiple calculated RC models (dry and wet) is further evaluated. The significance of our work is that it greatly improves the tactile rendering performance of electrical stimulation (electro-tactile) systems and will benefit the development of electro-tactile-based rehabilitative robotic devices and human–robot interfaces.

A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) for biological tissue impedance analysis and equivalent circuit modelling

Abstract Under an alternating electrical signal, biological tissues produce a complex electrical bioimpedance that is a function of tissue composition and applied signal frequencies. By studying the bioimpedance spectra of biological tissues over a wide range of frequencies, we can noninvasively probe the physiological properties of these tissues to detect possible pathological conditions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can provide the spectra that are needed to calculate impedance parameters within a wide range of frequencies. Before impedance parameters can be calculated and tissue information extracted, impedance spectra should be processed and analyzed by a dedicated software program. National Instruments (NI) Inc. offers LabVIEW, a fast, portable, robust, user-friendly platform for designing data-analyzing software. We developed a LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) to analyze the electrical impedance spectra for tissue characterization in medical, biomedical and biological applications. Here, we test, calibrate and evaluate the performance of LEBISDI on the impedance data obtained from simulation studies as well as the practical EIS experimentations conducted on electronic circuit element combinations and the biological tissue samples. We analyze the Nyquist plots obtained from the EIS measurements and compare the equivalent circuit parameters calculated by LEBISDI with the corresponding original circuit parameters to assess the accuracy of the program developed. Calibration studies show that LEBISDI not only interpreted the simulated and circuit-element data accurately, but also successfully interpreted tissues impedance data and estimated the capacitive and resistive components produced by the compositions biological cells. Finally, LEBISDI efficiently calculated and analyzed variation in bioimpedance parameters of different tissue compositions, health and temperatures. LEBISDI can also be used for human tissue impedance analysis for electrical impedance-based tissue characterization, health analysis and disease diagnosis.

Phase Angle and Impedance Ratio: Reference Cut-Points From the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 From Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Data.

Raw bioimpedance parameters (eg, 50-kHz phase angle [PA] and 200-kHz/5-kHz impedance ratio [IR]) have been investigated as predictors of nutrition status and/or clinical outcomes. However, their validity as prognostic measures depends on the availability of appropriate reference data. Using a large and ethnically diverse data set, we aimed to determine if ethnicity influences these measures and provide expanded bioimpedance reference data for the U.S. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is an ongoing compilation of studies conducted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention designed to monitor nutrition status of the U.S. The NHANES data sets analyzed were from the years 1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004. Multivariate analysis showed that PA and IR differed by body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and ethnicity (n = 6237; R2 = 41.2%, P < .0001). Suggested reference cut-points for PA stratified by age decade, ethnicity, and sex are provided. Ethnicity is an important variable that should be accounted for when determining population reference values for PA and IR. We have provided sex-, ethnicity-, and age decade-specific reference values from PA for use by future studies in U.S. Interdevice differences are likely to be important contributors to variability across published population-specific reference data and, where possible, should be evaluated in future research. Ultimately, further validation with physiologically relevant reference measures (eg, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) is necessary to determine if PA/IR are appropriate bedside tools for the assessment of nutrition status in a clinical population.

G2. Low pregestational fat mass and subsequent maternal cardiovascular maladaptation in early pregnancy. The missing link for preeclampsia

Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated the correlation between maternal obesity and pregnancy complications. Obese women seem to be at higher risk to develop late preeclampsia, which shows a more favorable perinatal outcome compared to the early form. The assessment of total vascular resistance (TVR) could play an additional role in the detection of these patients.Targets: To identify patients at higher risk of hypertensive complications through the assessment of pre-pregnancy maternal fat mass (FM) and TVR.Results: Patients were divided into two groups in the first trimester: group A with low TVR and group B with high TVR. Cardiac output, stroke volume and TVR were statistically different at preconceptional visit and during the first trimester. FM was the only bioimpedance parameter to be found significantly different, higher in group A (Table 1).In group A, it is possible to identify a subgroup with higher FM that could be at high risk of late preeclampsia difficultly recognizable throughout TVR and BMI (Figure 1).Figure 1. Correlation between FM/TVR.On the other side, a too low FM might negatively influence maternal adaptation to pregnancy.Conclusions: FM could represent a better marker of body composition and a target to monitor the effectiveness of dietary changes improving maternal and neonatal outcome.

Detection of questionable occlusal carious lesions using an electrical bioimpedance method with fractional electrical model.

This in vitro study evaluated the diagnostic performance of an alternative electric bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS-STEP) detect questionable occlusal carious lesions. Six specialists carried out the visual (V), radiography (R), and combined (VR) exams of 57 sound or non-cavitated occlusal carious lesion teeth classifying the occlusal surfaces in sound surface (H), enamel caries (EC), and dentinal caries (DC). Measurements were based on the current response to a step voltage excitation (BIS-STEP). A fractional electrical model was used to predict the current response in the time domain and to estimate the model parameters: Rs and Rp (resistive parameters), and C and α (fractional parameters). Histological analysis showed caries prevalence of 33.3% being 15.8% hidden caries. Combined examination obtained the best traditional diagnostic results with specificity = 59.0%, sensitivity = 70.9%, and accuracy = 60.8%. There were statistically significant differences in bioimpedance parameters between the H and EC groups (p = 0.016) and between the H and DC groups (Rs, p = 0.006; Rp, p = 0.022, and α, p = 0.041). Using a suitable threshold for the Rs, we obtained specificity = 60.7%, sensitivity = 77.9%, accuracy = 73.2%, and 100% of detection for deep lesions. It can be concluded that BIS-STEP method could be an important tool to improve the detection and management of occlusal non-cavitated primary caries and pigmented sites.

The role of TGF-β1 869 T > C and PPAR γ2 34 C > G polymorphisms, fat mass, and anthropometric characteristics in predicting childhood obesity at birth: A cross-sectional study according the parental characteristics and newborn's risk for child obesity (the newborns obesity's risk) NOR study.

This study proposed to establish a correlation between the risk score for child obesity and anthropometric, genetic, and bioimpedance characteristics in mothers and newborns, and to assess the discriminant ability for anthropometric parameters to classify over-fatness (defined by bioimpedance body fatness %) in pregnant women.We performed a cross-sectional study on 388 couples (mother and father) and their newborns admitted in a Tertiary Hospital from Romania. The measured parameters for mothers and their newborns were risk percentage for child obesity, anthropometric characteristics (mid-upper arm circumference [MUAC], tricipital skinfold thickness [TST] of mother and newborn), genetic polymorphisms (human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ [PPARγ2] 34 C > G and transforming growth factor-beta 1 [TGF-β1] 869 T > C gene polymorphisms in both mothers and newborns), and mother's bioimpedance characteristics (fat mass [FM] %).The obesity risk score according to standard predictable Northern Finland Birth Cohort equation was in our study 4.07%. We found a monotone positive significant correlation between the newborn's risk of childhood obesity and the mother's TST (P = 0.01), as well as a tendency toward statistical significance concerning correlation with mother's MUAC (P = 0.053), without any correlations with the mothers’ bioimpedance parameters and also a positive correlation between the newborn's risk of childhood obesity and the newborn's anthropometrical characteristics like body mass index (BMI), MUAC, and TST (P < 0.001). We observed that the calculated newborn's risk percentage for child obesity was greater for the variant allele of the TGF-β1 869 T > C polymorphism and also for the wild-type C allele of the PPARγ2 34 C > G gene polymorphism. Our study indicated that the best predictors for over-fatness are BMI and MUAC (P = 0.01 < 0.02 and P = 0.019 < 0.02, respectively).