Biographical Method Research Articles

"No Profit Needed, Glory Would be Good": the Family of Kursk Merchants Gnuchevs in the 18th – early 20th

Relevance. During the Soviet period, the activities of the merchant class were criticized for ideological reasons. Meanwhile, it was the entrepreneurial abilities of Russian merchants that were the most important factor in the development of the economy of the economy of the Russian state. Today, the state is making significant efforts to develop entrepreneurship. It is of interest to study the experience of developing entrepreneurship in the pre-revolutionary period.The Purpose. The study of the formation and development of the Kursk merchant dynasty of the Gnuchevs.Objectives. Within the framework of the article, the following tasks are solved: to trace the origin of the Gnuchev merchant dynasty, to identify the contribution of the Gnuchev merchants to the economy of the city of Kursk, to study the social activities of representatives of the Gnuchev merchant dynasty.Methodology. The article carried out a comprehensive analysis of archival sources and publications, used the methods of statistics and data comparison, analysis, synthesis, personal biographical method. Results. In the 18th - the first half of the 19th century, the Gnuchev dynasty of merchants developed. By the middle of the 19th century, the role of the Gnuchev merchants in the economic life of Kursk reached its maximum. In the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. there was a decrease in the importance of trade and production activities of representatives of the dynasty.Conclusion. The success of the Gnuchev merchant dynasty was ensured by the determination and hard work of several of its key representatives who managed to achieve success in the entrepreneurial field. In the Gnuchev family, they include the ancestor - Ivan, who, thanks to his own efforts, was able to move from a seedy family of service people to the merchant class, Foma Afanasyevich, who decided to move from the small town of Oboyan to the center of the Kursk province, and Afanasy Fomich, who managed to concentrate in their hands control over a number of important commercial and industrial enterprises of Kursk. None of the merchant dynasty of the Gnuchevs disgraced the honest name of the family. None of them were held accountable for misconduct related to entrepreneurial activities. And today the descendants of the Gnuchev merchant dynasty live in Kursk.

Алькей Маргулан: сюжет интеллектуальной биографии

В статье рассмотрен ранее неизвестный сюжет научной интеллектуальной биографииА.Х. Маргулана, известного в мире науки как археолога, создателя научной биографии и собрания сочинений Ч. Валиханова, а также как собирателя и исследователя фольклора казахов. Авторами проанализирована история участия Алькея Маргулана в обсуждении первого фундаментального исследования по национальной истории республики «История Казахской ССР с древнейших времен до наших дней». Приведены отрывки из выступления А.Х. Маргулана на заседании Ученого совета Института истории АН СССР, в котором он аргументированно отстаивал концепцию книги. Применение историко-биографического метода в исследовании позволило использовать литературно-художественные приемы изложения материала, придать сюжету интеллектуальной биографии эмоциональность и сформировать авторскую позицию в оценке личности А.Х. Маргулана. Исследования Алькея Маргулана по древней, средневековой и новой истории казахов позволили представить мир казахского героического эпоса современникам, доказать преемственность истории казахов на протяжении нескольких тысячелетий. Статья основана на привлечении новых выявленных архивных источников и материалов периодической печати.

К вопросу об исследовании социально-психологических особенностей современных монашествующих

Monasticism as a socio-psychological phenomenon has passed a long evolutionary path. For several centuries, certain elements of monastic life and the organizational structure have undergone changes, but the basic essence of monastic service has remained unchanged. The study of the socio-psychological portrait of modern Orthodox monasticism in the context of radical changes in socio-political, cultural and spiritual life in our country is relevant in the context of the social and pedagogical ministry of Orthodox monasteries in Russia, the dynamics of their development in accordance with the ongoing changes in the life of society, its social needs. Currently, there are several works devoted to modern monasticism as a historical, cultural and socio-cultural phenomenon, but none of the researchers focused on the socio-psychological features of the perception of monastic ministry by the monastics themselves. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to highlight the results of the study of modern Orthodox monasticism in the light of socio-psychological processes and public relations to monastic asceticism. Psychodiagnostic methods, biographical method and included observation were used as research methods. The results obtained allow us to judge the motivational features of monastic tonsure, some personal characteristics of representatives of modern monasticism, gender differences in the evaluation of their ministry among those who ascribe in male and female monasteries.

Experiencing Passion as an “essentia vitae” of Educational Biographies of Eminent Musicians From Cracow

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper was to discuss a function of passion in professional personal lives of eminent Cracow musicians.
 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The paper raises the problem of the role of passion in the process of shaping musical eminence, answers the question of the scope of experiencing it as well as it manifesting in activities of outstanding individuals. In conducted research and interpretations, the qualitative perspective and biographical method were applied. The leading technique was problem-concentrated qualitative interview, partially structured, carried out with ten eminent instrumentalists.
 THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The theoretical basis for this reading of the experience of educational biographies was provided by the Model of Authentic Vocation of J. Weller and the Dualistic Model of Passion of A. Bonneville-Roussy, G. Lavigne and R. Vallerand. The interpretations of the research material described the topography of experiencing passion.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: The article describes autonomous passion associated with musical mastery, instrumental motivation to practice, as well as distinguishes important factors that determine the experience of passion, persistence or burnout (tenacity, ambition, community transfer, conflict of motives, work overload), and concretizes the qualities of musical passion of outstanding musicians: professionalization, love of music, integrity, creativity, strength and determination in pursuit of goals, as well as humility in the face of challenges.
 CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Deciphering the senses and meanings that prominent Cracow musicians attributed to passion suggests that it was autonomous, harmonious and instrumental, motivated by the pursuit of mastery, and that the trajectories of the musicians’ professional biographies were a manifestation of a “professionalization of passion,” which formed the core of their educational experience and constituted and defined their life creed.

Социально-психологические слагаемые личного влияния педагога в контексте установления доверительных отношений с обучающимися в образовательной системе МВД России

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of innovative scientific concepts of psychology of personal influence of a teacher in the context of establishing cooperation relations with students.
 The relevance of the topic is concentrated around the consideration of the psychological essence of the phenomenon of personal influence in the conditions of pedagogical activity. The authors propose current scientific approaches to understanding the essence of a teacher’s personal influence in the educational process of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. The stated problem takes place in the intersectoral field of sciences, therefore, general scientific methods were used in the process of scientific research: historical, sociological, systemic, as well as special psychological (conversation and survey, observation, experiment, etc.). The scientific novelty of the study consists in detailing the essential-content part and identifying factors-indicators of the communicative and personal potential of the teacher’s influence in the educational system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as well as identifying criteria for determining the psychological essence of leadership.
 Methodology. In addition to methodological approaches, methods of reconstruction and interpretation of pedagogical ideas were used during the study, while self-observation, psychological testing, biographical method, etc. were used to study the psychological manifestations of the teacher’s personal influence, combinations of these methods were used, which, in general, allowed to formulate the concept of the teacher’s personal influence in the educational process.
 Results. The main attention in the article is focused on the analysis of the content of socio-psychological factors in the process of authority formation, leadership in the framework of pedagogical activity, various theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of leadership are proposed.
 Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the authors present a brief objective psychological portrait of a teacher-leader, providing an effective influence on the student.

The Merit of Stefan Chaprashikov for Carrying the Olympic Flame in 1936

The purpose of the present research is aimed at presenting new information related to the activities of Stefan Chaprashikov and his role in conducting the first Olympic torch relay for the Olympic Games in Berlin in 1936. Several areas for gathering information are covered: research of foreign literature, review of all publications of Bulgarian researchers in the field of the Olympic movement in Bulgaria, which present information on the subject. In terms of methodology, all information found in scientific and popular sources is systematized and processed on the basis of the biographical method, content analysis, comparative and critical analysis. This publication presents newly discovered information, in three articles from periodicals and in two official BOK documents, which present information that the idea of holding the first torch relay was Stefan Chaprashikov’s. These findings will shed light on the history of the Olympic movement in Bulgaria and will form a new perspective in discussions on the topic discussed by other contemporary researchers of the Olympic movement.

Jagellonian Tradition in Poland and Its Projection in the Structure of the University of Poznan (1922-2023)

The purpose of the article is to analyse the activities of the Department of Musicology of the University of Poznań in the line of the Jagiellonian tradition of Poland in the original refraction of the foundations of European academic musical education from its foundation (1922) to the beginning of the twenty-first century. The research methodology consists in the application of the biographical method (studying the life path of famous representatives of the Poznań school of musicology); the source study method (studying scientific works on the above-mentioned issues); and the musicological and analytical method to study a separate stylistic typology and historiographical achievements. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the identification of the cultural phenomenon of Jagiellonianism in connection with the peculiarities of the foundation and functioning of the Department of Musicology at the University of Poznań. Conclusions. The study helped to trace the path of formation of musicology as a science and academic discipline in Poznań in the line with the Jagiellonian tradition of Poland in the original refraction of the foundations of European academic musical education from its foundation (1922) to the beginning of the twenty-first century. The Department of Musicology headed by L. Kamienski was the only academic unit in Poland where research in the field of ethnomusicology was conducted. This department was the first in the country to launch musicological activities aimed to systematise the collection and process Polish folk music based on live material. A regional phonographic archive was founded at the department. The activities of L. Kamienski and A. Cybinski led to the emergence of a galaxy of Polish musicologists and music historians who were brought up on the principles of the educational and scientific methodology of European academic education. This was a generation of musicologists who received a thorough professional education of the European standard in their homeland.
 Key words: Jagiellonian cultural tradition, Institute of Musicology of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, musicological education.

The Memoirs of Peasants, or the First Polish Folk Epic

In the 1930s, Ludwik Krzywicki, one of the founding fathers of Polish sociology and a continuator of scientific research based on the biographical method, led to the organization of three groundbreaking memoir competitions. These were competitions for memoirs aimed at the unemployed, emigrants and peasants. The last one, announced in 1933, was so popular among the peasant communities that it was decided to publish the memoirs in two volumes in 1935 and 1936. A year after the publication, the jury of the editorial office of Wiadomości Literackie decided to recognize it as a book of the year. This article aims to analyze the memoirs published in the collection as examples of the first emancipation statement of the peasant class made on such a large scale. Memoirs of Peasants are the only testimonials written down from the heart of the peasant class experience by the generation born in the second half of the 19th century, who often remembered the times of serfdom, years of partitions, fought on the fronts of World War I and suffered from the economic collapse of the Great Depression. The article demonstrates that the popularity of this competition contributed to the development of the phenomenon of Polish competition memoirs, which are estimated today at as many as 1500 organized competitions and about a million submitted memoirs.

Subjective effects of racism and care: lives and memories of black women.

Understanding racism as an integral part of Brazilian reality, constituting a social determinant of the health-disease process, this article seeks to reflect on the impacts of racism on subjectivity and contemplate the health care offered to black women. The reflections derive from a qualitative study using the biographical method, in which black women provided a narrative of their lives and experiences with racism. The narratives give visibility to the negative effects of living systematically under structural racism in the self-images of the interviewed women, as well as the lack of and/or poor effectiveness of public policies of integral health care to transform the status quo.

Potebnya and his Followers in Roman Jakobson’s Lectures at the Masaryk University in Brno (1935)

In 1935 Roman Jakobson gave a series of lectures in Czech titled “The Formalist School and Contemporary Russian linguistics”. It was only seventy years later that the Czech original was discovered and published, followed by a not always accurate Russian translation. This work by a prominent member of the Formalist School has until now not been analyzed by Ukrainian scholars. Its importance lies in the fact that in it a link is demonstrated between this school and the Kharkov Philological School. The purpose of this article is to place this work by Jakobson among the group of sources of the current discussion about Potebnya and his followers. By contrasting Potebnya’s teachings with the fundamental ideas of the so-called psychological school of literary study (a name sometimes assumed to be a synonym of the Kharkov Philological School), in his lectures Jakobson himself occasionally, following Viktor Shklovsky’s example, polemicizes not with Potebnya himself, but with that view of his teachings that suited the Formalists themselves in order to in turn construct their own polemic (that poetry is not “thinking in images”, etc.). Apart from the method of comparative analysis of scholarly texts (Jakobson’s lectures [1935); Shklovsky’s article “Potebnya” [1919]; Potebnya’s late works; the works of the followers of Potebnya D. Ovsyanniko-Kulikovsky, V. Khartsiev, А. Gornfeld, T. Raynov) the author of this article uses the biographical method a lá T. Raynov. This means taking into account the historical context of the scholarly work, the psychological state of the scholar while creating it etc. The basic result of such a combined approach to Jakobson’s polemic with Potebnya and his followers is a certain reassessment of the development of the doctrine regarding “poetic language” when viewed in its sources.

Psycho-Behavioral Characteristics Perceived as Facilitators by Brazilian Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in a Public Health Service.

Type 1 diabetes imposes a complex and challenging routine on patients and caregivers. Therefore, considering individual experiences and personal facilitators to promote assertive interventions is crucial. However, no studies have addressed these perspectives in the Brazilian adult population. We aimed to identify psycho-behavioral characteristics perceived as facilitators for coping with the condition. We used a biographical method to conduct semi-structured, face-to-face, in-depth interviews for each participant. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Participants (n = 22) were aged 18-57 years (mean: 30.2; standard deviation (SD): 8.7), and the duration since diagnosis was approximately 20.6 years (SD: 4.6). A total of 12 (54.4%) were women, 13 (59.1%) used insulin pumps, 14 (63.6%) had at least a college degree, and 13 (59.1%) had HbA1C (glycated hemoglobin) levels above 58 mmol/mol (7.5%). Five major themes emerged: (1) peer learning, (2) ownership, (3) welcoming experiences, (4) equity, and (5) reframing the path (P.O.W.E.R.). All themes appeared in the lived experiences shared by participants with HbA1C levels below 58 mmol/mol (7.5%). Improved glycemic control can be achieved, and the challenges encountered in diabetes care within similar socioeconomic contexts can be addressed by an interdisciplinary care team that takes P.O.W.E.R. into consideration when providing person-centered care strategies.

Military training of Ukrainian “sichovi striltsi” at the military training as a relevant component in the the new Ukrainian army formation

The article describes the process of creation and military training of the USS Legion at the military training (vyshkil) of the “sichovi striltsi” (Sich archers). The importance and professionalism of training instructors, who taught the basics of military affairs in a short time and formed actuall qualities in recruits that saved lives and taught them to win victories in future combat operations, were characterized in proposed article. Research methods. General scientific and special historical research methods were used in the article. Among general scientific are such as analysis and synthesis. These methods made it possible to conduct a productive evaluation of the studied historical sources and literature. And such methods as chronological and historical-analytical made it possible to present the material in a clear sequence and logical completeness, to highlight certain aspects of the. The use of the biographical method made realises considering the contribution of specific individuals to the preparation of the University as a necessary component in the Ukrainian struggle for independence. Scientific novelty and practical significance of the obtained results. The topic of the Ukrainian “sichovi striltsi” is relevant today, as the Sich Riflemen made a great contribution to the formation and formation of our country. With the help of their hard work, the independent Western Ukrainian People's Republic was established. The Ukrainian “sichovi striltsi” were the first, who tried to organize a Ukrainian national army that could defend Ukraine from invaders. Therefore, it is important to know exactly how it have been explored the training at the university of Ukrainian “sichovi striltsi”. Questions related to the research of the role of USS attracted and continue to attract the attention of many scientists and historians. Features of the Vyshkil USS were described by M. Lazarovych, M. Lytvyn, O. Boyko, K. Naumenko, Yu. Tereshchenko, S. Ripetskyi and B. Hnatevych. Conclusions. In the study was analyzed the reason of the creation, history of formation and development of the Ukrainian “sichovi striltsi”. It was concluded, that from the beginning of its functioning the USS legion became the first unprofessional and untrained military formation of Ukrainians, but as a result of the activities of the Vyshkil, they became a well-trained forces, the basic formation of the future Ukrainian army. At the end of the battles for Mount Lysonya, the training camp of the USS legion was located in Rozvadov and Verin, where the rest of the Army of USS and sergeants moved. The legion mainly consisted of young pupils of the sports and social organization “Sokil”, the fire brigade – “Sich”, and the student and school organization – “Plast”. Ukrainian “sichovi striltsi” use to be the essence of its era, its ideas corresponded to the revolutionary period in which it grew up and developed. And it should be considered and evaluated today on the basis of an historical descussion’s objective.

Literary reception of the poetics of S. Vorobkevych's poetic works through the prism of Osip Makovey's research

Literary reception of the poetics of S. Vorobkevych's poetic works through the prism of Osip Makovey's research. Goal. In the segment of the study of the literary reception of the poetics of S. Vorobkevich's poetic works, analyze the literary and critical materials of O. Makovey (“Literary heritage according to Izidor Vorobkevich”, “Izidor Vorobkevich”, “General notes on the poetry of Izidor Vorobkevich”), published in the first few decades after the writer's death. Research methods are predetermined by the purpose and tasks of the work, the object of research and are complex. The hermeneutic method and the method of slow reading (the method of receptive poetics) were practiced, aimed to reveal S. Vorobkevych artistic means, interpret his works. Comparative and comparative historical methods are used to reveal the influence of other authors on the poetics of Bukovynian writer. Biographical method makes it possible to find out the dependence of S. Vorobkevych’s views on poetics on the life basis. Scientific novelty. The peculiarities of the development of poetics of poetry of S. Vorobkevych on the basis of certain its elements (generic, metaology, poetic syntax, phonics, versification) in the diachronic aspect were determined for the first time in Ukrainian literary studies in the given thesis. For this purpose, the scientific literature related to the study of elements of poetics of poetry works by S. Vorobkevych has been analyzed. The author’s approach on the form of poetic text is studied. The role of extraneous influences on poetry of S. Vorobkevych in the aspect of poetics is determined. Conclusions. The study of publications related to the topic of the study showed that the most valuable of them are the materials of O. Makovey, V. Lesyn and O. Romanets, P. Nykonenko, M. Bondar, P. Nykonenko. The results obtained are an important material for expressing our knowledge of the poetics of S. Vorobkevych's poetic works; they are the material for comparison with the similar material on the artistic nature of Y. Fedkovych’s poetic works. On the basis of revealing common features, taking into account the data of other Ukrainian poets of the region of this period it becomes possible to get a general picture of the poetics of domestic poetry works in Bukovyna in the second half of the nineteenth century.

Humanistic Sociology of Migrations – 100 Years Later

This research examines migration processes and refugee issues from the perspective of interpretive sociology. It aims to modernize Florian Znaniecki's classic paradigm in light of current migration events. Specifically, the focus is on the sociological monograph titled "The Polish Peasant in Europe and America," both empirically and theoretically. The main thesis asserts the need for a comprehensive theoretical and methodological framework for the study of migration and its associated problems. Given the extensive scope of these phenomena and their direct impact on various social spheres, the research argues for incorporating the "humanistic coefficient" proposed by Florian Znaniecki into the theoretical framework. In this context, the "humanistic coefficient" is applied to refugee problems and contemporary research materials using the biographic method. The research was presented at the Annual Scientific Conference of the Bulgarian Sociological Association in 2022.

Using the basics of Les Kurbas’s directing skills in the training of future specialists in higher education

The training of specialists in artistic higher education institutions should be conducted using modern methods, technologies, and developments and be oriented towards a modern audience, but at the same time, training should be based on established principles and views that have been tested by time. Les Kurbas is a personality whose views and principles of acting and directing can be a guide for contemporary artists, and therefore they should be used in the professional training of students of theatre and film education. The purpose of this paper was to cover the aspects of training future specialists in higher education institutions based on Les Kurbas’s directing craft. To fulfil this purpose, the following research methods were used: biographical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, method of comparison, method of abstraction, method of analogy, methods of deduction and induction. The paper covered the foundations of Les Kurbas’s directing craft and its influence on the development of modern theatre and directing, compared his principles and views with those of contemporary artists. The paper revealed the role of Les Kurbas and his work in preserving the identity of Ukrainian theatre and cinema and in the development of Ukrainian culture. A parallel was drawn between modern approaches to training future specialists and the foundations of Les Kurbas’s directing craft. The conclusion was made on the expediency of using the basics of Les Kurbas’s directing craft in the educational process of higher educational institutions. The paper described the specific features of using the basics of Les Kurbas’s directing craft in the preparation of future specialists for professional activity and provided recommendations for their implementation in the educational process. The results of this paper can be used by teachers of artistic higher education institutions when developing lecture materials and special courses, as well as by students for self-improvement and work on themselves and their professional skills, which underlies the successful development of Ukrainian theatre and cinema.

Biography of the Artist as an Artistic and Aesthetic Category

The study of the problem of a creative personality and an artistic hero allows us to find a solution to a number of poetic issues, such as a work of art, the history of its creation, an aesthetic ideal, a hero, an image. In the first case, attention was paid to this concept from the point of view of sociality, and in a later period it is observed that the mental state and spiritual vibrations of a human personality are illuminated on the basis of literary sources (creativity, literary text, its roots). The main principles of the biographical method in the world literature are studied in many theoretical sources in general, during this period in the West, the synthesis of a work of art with the character, talent and psychological states of its author, an individual approach to the creative process, became a form of tradition. Since the identity of the creator is full of mysteries, it is difficult to organize his biography according to strict rules. That is why in Russian literary criticism the writer's biography was called "a genre that does not obey the rules" In a biographical work, one of the main issues of the biographical method is the integration and study of different aspects of a person's life.

ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-АВТОРСКАЯ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ ПРИКАСПИЙСКОГО РЕГИОНА В ТРУДАХ ТАРАСА ШЕВЧЕНКО

Abstract. This article is devoted to identifying the common characteristics of the "supertext" that has developed in the Kazakh and Russian national literatures, in the space of which the border territories of Kazakhstan and Russia – the Mangistau and Astrakhan regions - were connected. The object of the study was the biography and diaries of T.G. Shevchenko from the period of exile to the Mangyshlak peninsula and return to St. Petersburg via Astrakhan. The authors made an attempt to trace the process of Taras Shevchenko's self-identification during the exile period and the Astrakhan stage, based primarily on his individual diary entries. Through the prism of the identity of the personality and biography of T.G. Shevchenko, the discourse of his diary fragments from the period of reference to Mangyshlak, analyzed in the aspect of the synthesis of the biographical approach and "cognitive hermeneutics" based on the interpretation of the symbolic level and geopoetic meanings, Russian-Kazakh literary connections in the original "intertextual space" of the adjacent regions – Mangystau and Astrakhan regions are quite multifaceted and meaningful. The analysis allowed us to identify the individual author's interpretation of the Caspian region, with which T.G. Shevchenko was biographically associated. The systematized facts gave grounds to consider T.G. Shevchenko a "lacunary actor" in the literary history of the two regions. The present study is carried out in the aspect of the synthesis of the biographical method and "cognitive hermeneutics" based on the interpretation of the symbolic level and geopoetic meanings. The authors have identified the key images, parameters and basic artistic techniques for the formation of symbolic geopoetics of the interregional "supertext", relevant for the representation of Mangystau and Astrakhan in other literary works. Keywords: Kazakh literature, Russian literature, T.G. Shevchenko, Mangyshlak, Mangystau, Astrakhan, biographical method, cognitive approach, hermeneutics, symbolism, passionate personality, geopoetics, overtext, literary connections, concept.

Rediscovering Identity: Autobiographical Memory and Media Discourses of Russian-Germans in Germany and Russia

This paper compares the processes of rediscovering identity in autobiographical memory and media discourses of Russian-Germans living in Germany and in Russia. According to R. Brubaker, the Russian-Germans are viewed as a transnational group with a specific “hybrid identity”, whose identification varies depending on the cultural project, which they are involved in. In Germany and Russia, the boundaries of this identification are the politics of memory of the host society and the dominant narratives regarding this group as repatriates (Germany) and as a diaspora with its own culture (Russia). Our analysis, which was based on the methodology of the critical discourse analysis by S. Jäger, revealed that such a dominant narrative in Germany is the “narrative of return”. In Russia, however, there are two discursive threads: the image of Russian-Germans as a repressed group and the narrative about the outstanding role of Russian-Germans in the history of Russia. The curves of autobiographical and family narratives of the three generations of Russian-Germans in Russia and Germany were analyzed and compared according to the biographical method of F. Schütze. People aged 30–50 were the most open to the influence of collective “standardized” narratives both in Germany and in Russia. Despite the fact of living in Russia, those respondents who were preparing to repatriate to Germany actively reproduced the “return narrative” and used international mnemonic frameworks to structure their autobiographical and family story. Our study showed that the influence of the discursive media environment on the autobiographical and family memory of Russian-Germans living in Germany and Russia depends on the respondent’s individual life experience (the curve of their biography), age, and some peculiarities of their family history.

Towards the Communicative Strategies of Russian Modernism: the Poetic Correspondence of V. Bryusov and A. Bely

The object of this article is the poetic correspondence of Valery Bryusov and Andrei Bely in the 1900s. The analysis allowed us to draw a number of conclusions about the communicative strategies of Russian modernism. Firstly, in the structure of the correspondence, the dominant genre setting for dialogue with the addressee is identified, which allows identifying these poems as messages. This, on the one hand, makes it possible to fit the messages of Bryusov and Bely into the all-symbolist poetological and communicative context of the early twentieth century, when this genre was a kind of mainstream. On the other hand, the analysis of genre dominants allows us to identify their genre renewal associated with the formation of an original metastructural cycle resembling a "novel in letters", the heroes of which are Bryusov and Bely, simultaneously combining the roles of author and addressee. Secondly, in the titles of the poems under consideration ("Balder Loki", "Balder II", "Ancient Enemy", "Magician"), mythological codes are revealed, genetic links are established with Christian apocrypha and Scandinavian legends, in which the author's "I" and "you" of the addressee are associated with images of light and dark forces rooted in religious and pagan traditions. Thirdly, with the help of the biographical method, the parallels of the lyrical plots of the poems with the life and creative relationships of the poets are established. As a result, the poetic correspondence of the masters of symbolism is interpreted as a philosophical duel implicitly realizing dramatic situations of personal and "workshop" relationships, with a clear separation of aesthetic and ethical roles, these roles structure the plot of an epistolary "novel", the vicissitudes of which are reduced to binary oppositions of "light" and "darkness", heavenly and earthly, divine and demonic principles. However, at the same time, this exchange of messages appears as a dialogue about the poet's role in symbolist discourse, a dialogue reflecting different vectors of creative aspirations of symbolists and, consequently, the ambivalent tendencies of the current towards both consolidation and separation.

Corporeality Affected by the Loss of a Loved One – Manifestations of the Body in the Experiences of Former Wards of Social Rehabilitation Centers

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the bodily dimension of the loss of a loved one and ways of dealing with such an experience manifested in action.
 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The main research problem was formulated as a question: How do former wards of social rehabilitation centers experience and what meaning do they assign to the death of a loved one? The study used the biographical method, while the autobiographical narrative interview was used for data acquisition.
 THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The theoretical framework of this study on the boundary situation of the death of a loved one is Karl Jasper’s approach as well as Edith Stein’s theory of empathy, from which analytical codes were derived was discussed.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: The death of a loved one experienced as a loss generates feelings that manifest in bodily forms of expression. The suffering resulting from the loss led to the development of new patterns of action: escapist and developmental-escapist.
 CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The basic conclusion is that the loss of a love one as a boundary situation, when one is not looked after and lives alone leads to abnormal social functioning. Thus, such experiences should arouse a great deal of attention from people caring for children and youth.