Biographical Material Research Articles

Łukasiewicz, Bocheński, and Feys: Their Impact on the Early Prior

We investigate how Arthur Prior became a tense-modal logician, and which moderns influenced him in his early thinking about modality. His unpublished manuscript The Craft of Formal Logic, written in the period 1949–51, is in effect a record of his rather isolated apprenticeship as he trained himself in formal logic, during the two years before the commencement of his torrent of publications on modality. We analyse sections of this rich record of his logical development, especially those dealing with modal logic, and we extract a detailed account of the pattern of influences exhibited in The Craft. The Craft reveals that Prior’s first encounters with modern symbolic modal logic were the pioneering explorations by Bocheński, Feys, and Lewis. Von Wright was also an early influence. It was through Bocheński’s writings that Prior learned of Łukasiewicz’s approach to modality, and Łukasiewicz’s work quickly became a beacon for Prior. The roles of Lewis and von Wright appear to have been smaller than those of Łukasiewicz, Bocheński, and Feys—hence our focus on these three figures. As well as biographical material on these three outstanding logicians, we include numerous previously unpublished passages from The Craft in order to establish the nature and extent of their impact on Prior.

How the first revolution affected the second: The setback of 1927 for the Chinese Communist Party Revolution in the 1920s

AbstractThe Bolsheviks’ world revolution encountered setbacks in the 1920s. Among the bloodiest of these was the massacre of 1927 when the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) entire central leadership was killed in the Chinese Nationalist Party’s (GMD) coup. Existing explanations highlight Moscow’s miscalculation, infighting within the Kremlin, Soviet advisers’ information dilemma, and the CCP leaders’ political inexperience. This article compares the opening stages of the Bolshevik (or Russian) and Chinese Communist Party revolutions to explain why the 1927 setback became a catastrophe. It argues that the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 caused fundamental changes, which thwarted any attempt to replicate the 1917 victory in the post-1917 world. The CCP in 1927 faced three disadvantages that the Bolshevik Revolution had engendered: a misleading myth about the October Revolution, a Bolshevized system of repression created by Soviet advisers to the GMD, and the ‘red scare’ in Japan and British Southeast Asia, which blocked members of the CCP from escaping overseas. This article draws on leaders’ biographical materials to compare the two parties’ learning from foreign revolutions, records in suffering repression, and experiences as overseas refugees. The comparison shows that the Bolsheviks did not face these three disadvantages before 1917.

Posthumous Popularity; Fathoming Vincent van Gogh through Select Biofictions

This paper studies a few fictional representations of Vincent van Gogh in contemporary biofiction. The objective of this research is to analyse the life of a genius artist and his posthumous popularity by using the transmedia storytelling technique. Vincent Willem van Gogh, a Dutch painter who lived between 1853 and 1890, is widely regarded as one of the best exponents of post-impressionism. His eccentric life has been a perpetual obsession for creators to fictionally recreate him periodically after his disastrous end in the past hundred years. The paper captures three fictionalised biographical texts in the form of a novel, an animated movie and a documentary that transgress genre boundaries and renegotiate the relationship between historical facts and fiction. Throughout the 21st century, biographical materials, whether they are based on fact or fiction, have made significant contributions to this legend. The sources of the study pivot on three of van Gogh`s biofictions within film and literature; the novel Leaving van Gogh (2011) by Carol Wallace, the documentary Van Gogh: Painted with Words (2010) directed by Andrew Hutton and Loving Vincent (2017), a movie directed by Dorota Kobiela. The creators have taken artistic liberties by altering the stories with more engaging narratives as a way of rewriting the portrayal of the artist through fiction. Biofiction is a category of life writing that includes fictitious biographies and is typically a metafictional narrative in which a biographical subject is the protagonist or plays a significant role in the plot. Transmedia storytelling is an approach to integrating contemporary digital technology to communicate a cohesive narrative across several platforms and mediums. By utilising intermediary allusions and formal imitative techniques, van Gogh`s art, as well as the fundamental principles of artistic creation and his ubiquitous presence in contemporary times are explored.

Из переписки Шарля Секретана с Феликсом Равессоном. Секретан – Равессону

The article is dedicated to an unexplored subject in the history of spiritualism in the 19th century and considers two of its prominent representatives – the famous French spiritualist Felix Ravaisson (1813–1900) and the Swiss thinker Charles Secrétan (1815–1895). The author uses not only biographical material, but also such unstudied documents as Secretan’s article on the philosophy of Ravaisson and his letter to him, accidentally discovered by Ch. Devivaise in Ch. Renouvier’s archive. The author shows that the dependence of both philosophers on Schelling was not so much the direct influence of the German philosopher on their thought as an internal relationship with his thought. The article shows that Ravaisson’s emphasis on the aesthetic component of understanding the world as the self-development of the spirit contrasts with the moral optics of Secrétan’s metaphysics. In addition, the philosophy of Ravaisson was formed on the basis of the Christianly rethought metaphysics of Aristotle, while the philosophy of Secrétan has as its starting point the moral and religious thought of Kant. However, the pathos of the universal striving for the best, the highest, the excellent on the path of sacrificial service and self-giving indissolubly unites these spiritualist philosophers. In the Appendix to the article, the author gives a translation of the mentioned letter of Secrétan to Ravaisson.

Саратовская церковная интеллигенция в годы гонений. Материалы к биографии А.А. Соловьёва

The article collects and systematizes biographical materials about the life of the most prominent representative of the Saratov church intelligentsia in 1920–1930, Alexander Aleksandrovich Solovyov, who played an important role in upholding OrthodoXy in Saratov. A. A. Solovyov, a lawyer by education, as a very young man led the lay resistance to the Renovationist turmoil of 1922. During the most difficult years for the Church in 1922–23, at the age of 25 he was one of the leaders of the Saratov church life, thanks to him the renovationists in the Saratov diocese achieved almost nothing. In the 1930s, during the campaign to close churches, the rectors and members of the parish councils of the churches of Saratov turned to Alexander Alexandrovich for legal assistance. Understanding perfectly well the danger to which he exposed himself, Alexander Alexandrovich again entered the struggle for the Church. For the first time, the article introduces into scientific circulation the materials of two archival and investigative cases from the Archive of the Federal Security Service of the Saratov Region.

The choice of a technical specialty by students of Russian universities: generational analysis

The article deals with the inheritance of technical professions for three generations of the family. The relevance of the study is due to the need of studying the influence of the family on the educational, professional, and cultural capital of students. The main issues of the project are the educational and professional paths of several generations of the family, family capital, motives for choosing a technical profession by students of Russian universities, dynasties of technical specialists, the collection of biographical works as a method of empirical sociology. The autobiographies written by the students of technical specialties of Russian higher educational institutions were analyzed. The educational experience of parents, grandparents of informants was studied. The author presents the classification of professions of the older generations of the family. The texts were processed using specialized computer programs. It is established that the technical profession is leading in the list of occupations of the older generations of the students' family. The second place is occupied by workers in the field of economics. In the dynasties of technical specialists, the main factor in choosing a profession is the inheritance of family professional, educational, cultural and social capital. In other families, the main motives for choosing a technical education and profession are the abilities and interests of the student, as well as the prospects of a high income. Inheritance of a profession closes the ranking of reasons for admission to technical faculties. A methodological analysis of the collection of biographical works was carried out. The approach minimizes the presence of the researcher at the field stage of the project implementation, allows the use of computer text processing, is relevant to the study of generational issues in sociology. Among the disadvantages of the method is the incompleteness of the primary information received. The results of the project can be used to solve the tasks of social policy in the fields of labor, education and family. The experience of generational analysis of biographical materials is important to sociology.

“Each One, Teach One”

Septima Poinsette Clark (1898-1987) is one of the masterminds behind the Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968). Clark frequently employed proverbs, and proverbial expressions as she worked diligently behind the scenes teaching literacy to the poor and disenfranchised so that they would be able to register themselves to vote and take part in political decision-making processes that impacted their lives daily. Clark’s autobiographies, interviews, and other biographical materials largely illustrate that proverbial language helped Clark to connect to people. Proverbial language also helped Clark to communicate important values, beliefs, and pedagogical philosophy. The adult literacy programs that Clark developed fueled the voting registration drives of several important organizations including: Highlander Folk School, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). This essay highlights some of the proverbial language that Clark used as she helped to shape the Civil Rights Movement.

Інтермедіальна поетика біографічної кіноповісті І. Драча та І. Миколайчука «Київська фантазія на тему дикої троянди-шипшини»

The trend of syncretization of arts in the modern world is spreading and this causes interest in the method of intermedia analysis in literary studies. Today we can observe a kind of “intermedia boom” (H. Levchenko); studies on the problems of synthesis and interaction of arts have become relevant, an intermedia code is actively offered for understanding problems, architecture, artistic means, narrative strategies, images of a literary work. Intermediality is relevant to the methodology of modern literary studies and also offers a new perspective on those artistic texts that are on the periphery of theoretical interests due to the uncertainty regarding their inter-artistic identification. A film story about a composer is an interesting phenomenon of intermedial synthesis, since different channels of intermedial communication, such as literature, cinema and music, are simultaneously involved. The intermedial poetics of Ivan Drach and Ivan Mykolaichuk’s film story “Kyiv Fantasy on the Theme of a Wild Rose-hip” (1984), which is about the founder of Ukrainian classical music, public figure, musician-virtuoso and outstanding scientist-ethnographer Mykola Lysenko, is analyzed. Perfectly combining the private and creative beginnings, the successful tandem of I. Drach and I. Mikolaichuk is managed to present a rich and difficult life of a talented person and a brilliant composer from early childhood to his death. Using a two-level composition of the unfolding of events, the reader/spectator is presented with the journey of Mykola Lysenko in adulthood, where memories are retrospectively used: first childhood, then youth, and then student years, etc. The artists also tried to find out the complicated relationship of the composer with his wife Olga O’Connor and the mother of his children – Olha Lypska. In addition to this, the film story presents the image of the artist in the discourse of contemporary historical events, social processes, in the discourse of events that had significant cultural value, thus presenting the composer as a citizen-patriot, and as a public figure, and as an important cultural figure. The image of a rose-hip stands out as a symbol and a metaphor that combines saturated biographical material into a single whole – a symbol of the “people’s soul, song”.

Portrait Gallery of an Era: on the Pages of Bibliotekovedenie Journal (1952—2021)

The article is devoted to the study of the publications of biographical direction of the “Bibliotekovedenie” — Russian Journal of Library Science in 1952—2021. The most attention is paid to the analysis of the materials published in the 20th century. It reconstructs the history of the development of biographical materials on the pages of the periodical edition, defines the stages and characteristic features of each of them, presents the forms of biographical publications, reveals the circle of persons engaged in studying biographies of outstanding librarians, as well as the persons who became the objects of the authors’ and editors’ attention. The scientific discipline of humanitarian cycle, biography, is discussed. The authors cite the opinions of scholars (Yu.N. Stolyarov, V.S. Kreydenko, A.N. Vaneev, I.L. Belenkiy, G.G. Silnitskii, etc.) which emphasizes the necessity and significance of studying history through biographical studies. In the 21st century the library and book community has entered with a very developed direction of historical research on biography. While before 1970 there were sporadic publications on people of the library profession, by the end of the 20th century the number of biographical materials had increased significantly. Books and monographs dedicated to librarians appeared, name conferences began to be organized, autobiographical genre began to form, memoirs “in the first person” were published. Various factual and biographical materials have been collected in the journal.During the 15-year period of publication of the collection (bulletin) “Libraries of the USSR. Work Experience” (1952—1966) it published four articles of biographical genre: on the bibliographer A.P. Sokolov; on V.I. Lenin’s elder brother A.I. Ulyanov; the writer V.G. Korolenko and his library; the librarian A.A. Pokrovsky. During the six years (1967—1972), when the collection was published under the title “Libraries of the USSR”, nine articles dedicated to individual outstanding people were published in it. In 1973 the collection was transformed into the scientific and practical journal “Soviet Bibliotekovedenie” (Soviet Library Science). During the twenty years between 1973 and 1992, 128 biographical materials were published, and 96 persons were the subject of attention. Since 1993 the journal has been published under the title “Bibliotekovedenie” (Russian Journal of Library Science). From 1993 to 2000, 59 biographical materials were published in it. Articles of autobiographical genre appeared. For the first time, the interview genre was used. Between 2001 and 2021, 298 biographical materials were published in the journal, and more than 200 persons received attention. Of these, material on 165 persons appeared for the first time.Between 1952 and 2021, a total of over 280 authors published articles of biographical genre. The librarians about whom the greatest number of materials has been published: O.S. Chubarian, N.I. Tyulina, Yu.V. Grigoriev, N.S. Kartashov, K.I. Abramov, A.A. Pokrovsky, M.Ya. Dvorkina, N.A. Rubakin, Yu.N. Stolyarov, L.B. Khavkina, etc.The materials presented in the journal may serve as a basis for further research. The article may be useful for library professionals to intensify research activities in the field of library history through the study of biographies of prominent people.

Towards a Better Understanding of Tarajem: Creating Topological Networks for Arabic biographical Dictionaries

Biographical writing is one of the earliest and most extensive forms of Arabic literature. Some scholars tend to assume that classical Arabic biographies, widely known as Tarāǧim, arose in conjunction with the study of the reliability of the Hadith transmitters (the reciters of the Prophet Mohammad's sayings) which lead to a proliferation of biographical material collected and used to assess the transmitter's trustworthiness . However, a scrutiny of the well-known classical Arabic biographical dictionaries such as Siyaru 'A`lāmi an-Nubalā' `The Lives of the Noble Figures' for Adh-Dhahabī shows that they extend their entries to other classes of persons important to the development of particular fields such as Islamic jurisprudents, rulers, poets, philosophers or physicians. The main contribution of Arabic biographical dictionaries is the cumulative value of the thousands of life histories which construct a picture of the Islamic society in different eras. An Arabic biographical dictionary, therefore, is predominantly used by scholars to look up an eminent person's achievements and historical background. In this project, however, we explore Arabic biographies as a prosopography, rather than a biography in the strict sense. We introduce a novel method for a better understanding of Arabic biographical dictionaries by creating a network of relations among different persons. We utilise Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools to create a topological network from the unstructured data of 45,500 biographical entries collected from different dictionaries. We aim to illustrate how network analysis leveraged by NLP tools can provide scholars with innovative methods for discovering complex constellation of relations between prominent and non-prominent figures spanning over several eras and from different fields of knowledge. We also use graph visualisation as a means to effectively communicate and explore such complex constellations. Each network visualisation is purposefully designed to be as simple and robust as possible to offer scholars a way to move relatively fluidly between the large scale of biographical entries and to easily interpret the minute ties between persons of different walks of life. We make both our data and code publicly available for researchers to replicate the experiment. It can be found at:https://github.com/sadanyh/Relational-Network-for-Arabic-Tarajem

Interpretational Circle as the Key Principle of the Philological Investigations of William Shakespeare’s Non-Dramatic Texts

Scholars of Shakespearean studies often encounter the challenge of limited information regarding the biography of the renowned playwright, the textual history of his works, and the intended meaning of some of his texts. However, this study asserts that Shakespeare’s non-dramatic works offer valuable material for biographical interpretation, thereby enhancing readers’ understanding of the texts. The article shows that by adopting an interpretational circle approach, scholars can extract biographically and historically relevant information from these works after gathering initial information and acknowledging the limitations of a biographical approach. The author’s analysis suggests that Shakespeare’s sonnets provide rich biographical material, while the interpretation of “The Phoenix and the Turtle” requires a broader understanding of the historical and cultural context. Shakespeare’s narrative poems, “Venus and Adonis” and “The Rape of Lucrece,” fall somewhere in between these two extremes. This study demonstrates the importance of critical thinking, research skills, and the ability to navigate complex literary texts for scholars of Shakespearean studies, highlighting the professional competencies required for success in this field.

Islamic Historiography as Polemic Literature: Deconstructing Biographies of Medieval Jewish Converts

Abstract This article considers biographical material on Jewish converts authored by Muslim historians, primarily in Mamluk Egypt and Syria from the 13th to 15th centuries, enumerating and analyzing its recurring themes. Among its key findings is that the motifs found in this material are consonant with Islamic theological perceptions of other faith-based groups, especially the Jews. These themes also reflect their writers’ notion of exemplary history. Beyond this, I suggest that the main objective behind the texts under review is the affirmation of basic principles espoused in the Qurʾān, ḥadīth, and the sīrah for the purpose of demonstrating the veracity and superiority of the Muslim faith.

Derrida hat Nietzsches Regenschirm verloren. Zu Philipp Felschs Buch Wie Nietzsche aus der Kälte kam

Abstract Derrida Has Lost Nietzsche's Umbrella: On Philipp Felsch's Book Wie Nietzsche aus der Kälte kam. This essay discusses the story of the critical edition of Nietzsche’s complete works by Giorgio Colli and Mazzino Montinari as presented in Philipp Felsch’s book Wie Nietzsche aus der Kälte kam. The book, which is based on biographical material of the two editors, takes up an important episode in European intellectual history in its political, cultural historical context. However, it often presents a questionable use of these sources. A closer examination of that the same source material would situate the history of the edition and its editors in a different context. Likewise, Felsch’s account of the history of Nietzsche’s reception in France, and his reception in the neighboring countries, lacks nuance and reveals some remarkable examples of misreading. Like in other genres of history, scholars of discourse history and intellectual history need to read sources closely and critically. When we talk of dealing with primary sources, the work that editors have done in commentaries and editions should be taken into account. Finally, I argue that we should not dismiss recent innovations in editing methods as confusing or “vulcano-like,” but we would do well to appreciate the opportunities offered by the digital humanities, both for a professional readership and a wider audience.

Power Struggle in August Strindberg’s The Father: A Foucauldian Analysis

The bulk of critical works on August Strindberg’s The Father use biographical material and Strindberg’s misogyny to assert the struggle between the sexes in The Captain’s tragic victimization by his domineering wife, Laura, while a few other works have presented the play as a dramaturgy of struggle for power between an aristocratic man and his bourgeoisie wife. Following Foucault’s approach on power, this paper argues that although both Laura and The Captain actively participate in exercising power using discourses and knowledge, it is ultimately Laura’s manipulation of these two strategies along with allegation of insanity that give her the upper hand and guarantee her ascension to sovereignty in the household.

Танец и личность

The article is devoted to the problem of personal involvement in dance activity. The author applies an interdisciplinary research methodology: on the one hand, a semiotic analysis of the dance language is carried out and the features of the dance sign are considered, on the other hand, a psychological description of the dancer’s personality is given, a psychological portrait is created. According to the methodology of the cultural-historical approach, the sign is taken in its instrumental function and orientation. The author puts forward a hypothesis about the dual orientation of the dance movement as an expressive language: orientation on the viewer as a visual component of the sign and on the dancer himself through the kinesthetic component. The material of dance as a type of artistic activity is the body of the dancer, which undergoes reinterpretation and symbolization. Not only the body, but also the whole personality can become the material of dance, it can be included and transformed in the course of the dance activity. The bi-directionality of the dance sign can lead to a discrepancy, a rupture of the function of the dance movement, which is expressed in an object relation to one’s own body, in strict control of movements and the non-involvement of the emotional and sensual sphere of the individual in the dance activity. Stage forms of dance contribute more to this discrepancy, developing mainly motor technique in isolation from the semantic side of movement and focusing on the visual expressiveness of dance. On the other hand, ceremonial, sacred, ritual dances, many forms of modern free dance contribute to the integral inclusion of a person in the dance and are aimed at transforming the personality in plastic action. On the basis of biographical material, the destinies of outstanding dancers and dance teachers are analyzed. It is shown how an object attitude to one’s own body and one’s own personality can lead to an internal split and loss of subjectivity. A contradiction may arise between a person’s experience in dance and her/his behavior in real life. It is removed under the condition that a person carries out a transformative activity – work on himself/herself.

Letters, Poems, Flowers, and Bluestocking Friendship: Mary Hamilton’s Collage–Biography of Mary Delany

Abstract This article explores a friendship between two major figures in the Bluestocking network: the courtier and diarist Mary Hamilton (1756–1816) and the artist Mary Delany (1700–1788). Drawing on the Mary Hamilton Papers and the Dickenson Family Papers, it sheds new light on the ways in which their relationship ensured continuity of female experience, solidarity, knowledge channelling, and skills transfer across generations. The article investigates these women’s collaborative activities and discusses Hamilton’s engagement with Delany’s famous paper flower collages. It also explores Hamilton’s volume of excerpts from Delany’s letters and transcriptions of poems penned by and dedicated to Delany. When read together, Hamilton’s various biographical materials related to Delany form the first contemporary collage–biography of her brilliant precursor.

ВИДАННЯ НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНОГО ІНСТИТУТУ ПРЕСОЗНАВСТВА ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛО ДО СЛОВНИКА ПСЕВДОНІМІВ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ АВТОРІВ ХІХ–ХХІ ст.

The publications of the Research Institute for Press Studies were examined for the presence in them of information about the pseudonyms of Ukrainian journalists, editors, publishers, publicists and biographical information about the creators and authors of Ukrainian periodicals; the quantitative parameters of these data are established. It is emphasized that the largest array of biographical information, as well as data on the used pseudonyms, is contained in the materials for the encyclopedic dictionary «Ukrainska zhurnalistyka v imenakh». It is noted that the professional yearbook is also an extremely important source of pseudonymous signatures «Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva», reports and announcements of twelve scientific and practical conferences «Ukrainska periodyka: istoriia i suchasnist», historical and bibliographic studies «Ukrainska presa v Ukraini ta sviti XIX–XX st.» and «Ukrainski chasopysy Lvova 1848–1939», materials for the bibliography of «Periodyka Zakhidnoi Ukrainy 20–30-kh rr. XX st.», as well as numerous monographs and press research works carried out at the Research Institute for Press Studies. It was established that, in general, biographical information about more than 5,500 people involved in the creation of Ukrainian periodicals of the 19th–21st centuries, and about 9,000 of their pseudonyms, is recorded on the pages of these press studies publications. It is emphasized that this significant array of data, systematized and analyzed, served as the basis for the creation of the «Slovnyk psevdonimiv ukrainskykh avtoriv XIX – XXI st.», which is extremely important not only for the history of Ukrainian periodicals and press studies in general, but also for literary studies, history, biography and prosopography. Keywords: publications of the Research Institute for Press Studies, pseudonyms of Ukrainian authors, biographical materials, historical and bibliographical research, Ukrainian periodicals, dictionary of pseudonyms.

КіноСковорода: кінематографічна актуалізація біографії

The article concerns the relevance of the issue of genre heredity between literature and cinema. The cinematography actively turned to the genre of biography even in the first decades of its development, in the era of the silents. It did not disappear from the view of cinematographers throughout the 20th century. Recently, this genre has been activated both in cinema and on television, which increased the interest of researchers. Hence, the receptive problematics of the Ukrainian philosopher, theologian, poet and teacher Hryhorii Skovoroda’s biography (1722–1794) is analysed in the cinematographic discourse. It was noticed that the figure of the outstanding philosopher did not attract the proper attention of cinematographers either in Soviet period (only one feature film and one documentary film were shot) or in the time of Ukraine’s Independence. However, even those few films only partially represent the “Ukrainian Socrates” to the viewer. It is stated that documentary production, in contrast to the feature films, is represented by a number of films about Hryhorii Skovoroda, which, of course, differ in their quality and creative potential. However, having an aesthetic and cognitive value, they all present a certain way of processing biographical material (letters, memories, stories of contemporaries), his writings and creative works (philosophical, literary, musical works) and perform an important function of popularizing this outstanding personality and his creative heritage. It is concluded that the cinematographic actualization of the philosopher’s biography and works in recent decades is due to the new historical situation, to the desire to perceive his legacy in a new light, to debunk the existing biographical myths. Skovoroda’s philosophical ideas not only remain relevant in the 21st century, but also appear as markers of Ukrainian identity in the modern reality.

Ukrainian National Biographical Archive as a Tool and Material in Ethno-Psychological Research

The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the possibilities of using the electronic "Ukrainian National Biographical Archive" (UNBA) in the field of humanitarian knowledge based on a specific applied historical and psychological study. The research methodology is a combination of general scientific methods of analysis of theoretical material and statistical and comparative methods of analysis of specific empirical data, their systematisation and generalisation. The scientific novelty of the research is characterised by the use of information technologies, large volumes of data, and methods of statistical processing in the traditionally humanitarian field of research, which is characterised by a predominantly descriptive approach. Conclusions. On the example of the proposed study, an approach is presented that will allow to significantly expand the possibilities of both specific biographical investigations and studies of socio-historical, ethnological, and historical-psychological directions. Large-scale volumes and detailed structuring of the biographical archive (UNBA) according to its thematic, chronological, and gender distribution allows presenting the system itself as the core of the scientific activity of the virtual historical and biographical laboratory. Analogues of this approach do not exist in Ukraine today due to the uniqueness of the biographical archive (UNBA) itself, which combines the widest possible coverage of national biographical material with its detailed structuring. As a perspective of further research in the presented direction, we see the study of the dynamics of changing the archetypal features of the generalised image of Ukrainians in the temporal perspective. This includes answers to the question: how were the spheres of social activity of men and women correlated in different periods, the scaling of which is possible from centuries to one generation, i.e. 20-30 years? How statistically significant are these changes? We consider another interesting direction to be the identification of archetypal characteristics of Ukrainians depending on the places of social activity, birth, etc. – the so-called geographical rubrics. Keywords: Ukrainian National Biographical Archive, personalities, archetypes, thematic headings, domains, statistics.

Non- obviousness of biography as a research subject of a pedagogue

The aim I set for myself is to reveal what connects the main areas of biography research - literary and social - and to show what importance for upbringing, as well as for biographical research carried out in the field of pedagogy, are attempts to combine them. Problem and research methods: The main problem was formulated as the question: What makes a biography non-obvious? Another problems: What analytical categories relating to biography best capture this non-obviousness? What is the specificity of studying biography by educators and how do such analyzes differ from sociological or literary studies? The main method is to analyze the concepts that make up the research field and the relationships between them. In the first part of the article, I outline the relationship between biography and the construction of narrative identity, in order to show the way of understanding key concepts, such as narrative or story, as they constitute a specific basis for an attempt to grasp the meanings and dimensions of the title non-obviousness of a biography. Then I analyze the phenomena essential for the construction of identity: secrets, existential crises, trajectories or epiphanies. The next step is the analysis of categories such as the internal structure of life, as well as the image of life, ready biography, biography in interaction and autonomous biography. In the second part of the article, based on the concept of biography by Duccio Demetrio, I consider the specificity of pedagogical studies on the phenomenon of biography. The article concludes with conclusions on the specificity of pedagogical research on biographies and their relationship with therapeutic activities. As a result of the analysis, I come to the conclusion that the non-obviousness of the biography comes from the individual way of experiencing it. It is a set of features, a result of specific events, choices made, and at the same time a consequence of answering important existential questions. The aforementioned phenomena that are crucial for the construction of identity-occurrences are of particular use in its analysis. The pedagogical study of biography is different from sociological or literary analyzes, it turns out to be work with the collected biographical materials as well as with another human being and has, apart from cognitive values, a therapeutic dimension