Biographical Feature Research Articles

What Matters: Agreement between U.S. Courts of Appeals Judges

Federal courts are a mainstay of the justice system in the United States. In this study, we analyze 387,898 cases from U.S. Courts of Appeals, where judges are randomly assigned to panels of three. We predict which judge dissents against co-panelists and analyze the dominant features that predict such dissent with a particular attention to the biographical features that judges share. Random forest, a method developed in Breiman (2001), achieves the best classification. Dissent is predominantly driven by case features, though personal features also predict agreement.

Biographical Feature: Patrick R. Murray, Ph.D.

Like a bottle of fine wine that has been allowed to age, the 40-year career in clinical microbiology of Patrick R. Murray, Ph.D., has yielded a unique and sublime blend of contributions to our discipline. From clinical laboratory director to editor extraordinaire to innovator and discoverer of

Proposal for Direction of Textbook Activity Using of Self - biographical Narration －On the Basis of Self - biographical Features that are Coexisting in ‘The Wings’ and ‘An Isolated Room’－

Proposal for Direction of Textbook Activity Using of Self - biographical Narration －On the Basis of Self - biographical Features that are Coexisting in ‘The Wings’ and ‘An Isolated Room’－

Biographical Feature: Alexander C. Sonnenwirth, Ph.D

It was the spring of 1971, and I was at the Monsanto Company headquarters in St. Louis, MO, for a meeting of the regional ASM group when I first met Dr. Alex C. Sonnenwirth. I was a 2nd-year graduate student at the University of Missouri in Columbia and had traveled to St. Louis with other graduate

Entre el miedo y el derecho al delirio: un decir desde los ninguneados de Eduardo Galeano

<p>Este artículo presenta una reflexión desde un recorrido lector y escritural de la obra del escritor uruguayo Eduardo Galeano (1940-2015), en la cual los <em>ninguneados </em>como personajes de creación literaria son la fuente que anuncia las condiciones de la vida moderna con sus signos de desigualdad y miedo. Pero también, en condición sensible de posibilidad, <em>el derecho al delirio </em>como abandono y resistencia a las marcas infligidas por los discursos y actos omniabarcantes y totalitarios, resultado de la crisis de civilización a la que asistimos. El artículo dice de Eduardo Galeano, como hombre de letras y palabras, que subvierte las maneras inefables del poder, para hacer y pronunciar desde ellas las resistencias a sus fuerzas homogeneizantes. Este autor delira y construye las figuras del <em>ninguneado</em>, los <em>nadies</em>, los <em>ningunos</em>, como cuerpos de la periferia, excluidos por las maneras biopolíticas de controlar el mundo. Figuras que se presentan como sarcasmos poéticos para pensar el desarrollo, la explotación bárbara de la vida humana y no humana, el desgarramiento de una tierra ya no habitada sino dominada y el sufrimiento humano como efecto devastador de sus designios. El ensayo contiene rasgos biográficos en cuanto vida y obra del escritor uruguayo, apuntes etimológicos y secciones narrativas en torno a la condición de los <em>nadies </em>como cuerpos del exilio en la morada habitada; así mismo, de manera crítica, el desarrollo como promesa sobre el temor de los <em>ninguneados</em>, y finaliza con un fragmento del <em>derecho al delirio</em>: sentida muestra de su pensamiento.</p>

What Matters: Agreement between U.S. Courts of Appeals Judges

Federal courts are a mainstay of the justice system in the United States. In this study, we analyze 387,898 cases from U.S. Courts of Appeals, where judges are randomly assigned to panels of three. We predict which judge dissents against co-panelists and analyze the dominant features that predict such dissent with a particular attention to the biographical features that judges share. Random forest, a method developed in Breiman (2001), achieves the best classification. Dissent is predominantly driven by case features, though personal features also predict agreement.

Biographical Feature: Clyde Thornsberry, Ph.D.

> Weep no more, my lady, > > Oh! Weep no more today! > > We will sing one song > > For the old Kentucky home, > > For the old Kentucky home, far away. > > —Stephen Collins Foster, “My Old Kentucky Home, Good Night” As this writer set out to draft the biographical feature on Dr. Clyde

Gender differences in patterns of authorship do not affect peer review outcomes at an ecology journal

Summary There is a widespread perception in the academic community that peer review is subject to many biases and can be influenced by the identity and biographic features (such as gender) of manuscript authors. We examined how patterns of authorship differ between men and women, and whether author gender influences editorial and peer review outcomes and/or the peer review process for papers submitted to the journal Functional Ecology between 2010 and 2014. Women represented approximately a third of all authors on papers submitted to Functional Ecology. Relative to overall frequency of authorship, women were underrepresented as solo authors (26% were women). On multi‐authored papers, women were also underrepresented as last/senior authors (25% were women) but overrepresented as first authors (43% were women). Women first authors were less likely than men first authors to serve as corresponding and submitting author of their papers; this difference was not influenced by the gender of the last author. Women were more likely to be authors on papers if the last author was female. Papers with female authors (i) were equally likely to be sent for peer review, (ii) obtained equivalent peer review scores and (iii) were equally likely to be accepted for publication, compared to papers with male authors. There was no evidence that male editors or male reviewers treated papers authored by women differently than did female editors and reviewers, and no evidence that more senior editors reached different decisions than younger editors after review, or cumulative through the entire process, for papers authored by men vs. women. Papers authored by women were more likely to be reviewed by women. This is primarily because women were more likely to be invited to review if the authors on a paper were female than if the authors were male. Patterns of authorship, and the role undertaken as author (e.g., submitting and serving as corresponding author), differ notably between men and women for papers submitted to Functional Ecology. However, consistent with a growing body of literature indicating that peer review underlying the scholarly publishing process is largely gender‐neutral, outcomes of editorial and peer review at Functional Ecology were not influenced by author gender.

Entre fato e ficção: personagens compostos e fictícios ou fraude em jornalismo?

Placed between Literature and Journalism by amalgamating fact checking to the narrative aesthetics of fiction, Literary Journalism faces the challenge of producing works of ambiguous character. One of the factors in this dispute is the use of composite characters, created by combining biographic features of a number of sources in a single person. In this paper we discuss the borders between fact and fiction in this kind of narrative in two instances. The first is a historical one, with a focus on the profiles about Hugh Griffin Flood by American reporter Joseph Mitchell (1908-1996) published in the New Yorker magazine in the 1940s. The second one puts an emphasis on the separation between real and fake characters, treated as fraud in the press from the 1980s due to cases such as those of The Washington Post reporter Janet Cooke and The New York Times reporter Jason Blair, in 2003.

Biographical Feature: Gary V. Doern, Ph.D.

Mention the name “Gary Doern” to clinical microbiologists, and the following terms are woven through their comments: “mentor,” “role model,” “colleague,” “inspirational,” “friend,” “family man,” “leader,” and “recognized and respected authority in the field.” Gary

Biographical Feature: James Jorgensen, Ph.D.

In the words of Gary Doern, Ph.D., a colleague, collaborator, and friend, “Few people have made more significant and lasting contributions to the field of clinical microbiology than has Jim Jorgensen, not only as a dedicated practitioner but also as an extremely productive researcher, an

Inquiry about Possibility of Writing Education Using ‘Jolgi’s Description Method - As the Center with Biographical Features of Jolgi -

Inquiry about Possibility of Writing Education Using ‘Jolgi’s Description Method - As the Center with Biographical Features of Jolgi -

Biographical Feature: Raymond C. Bartlett, M.D

As I began reviewing biographical information about Dr. Raymond C. Bartlett in preparation for writing this brief biographical feature, it suddenly occurred to me that this was a rare opportunity to think about the trajectory of my own career path and the influence that some of the visionary

ASTHMATIC CHILDREN

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices among caregiversof asthmatic children and to describe their clinical and biographic features. Material andmethods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in asthma clinic and medicalwards of children hospital P.I.M.S.100 diagnosed asthmatic children and their caregivers wereenrolled. Two questionnaire one comprising clinical aspects and other regarding knowledgeattitude and practices among caregivers were administered. Results: 100 asthmatic childrenand their caregivers participated. Among children, 77% were breastfed, 95% were immunized,only 13% were receiving controller medications and 62% were having >5 acute exacerbationsper year. Diagnosis of asthma was accepted by 76% of caregivers, of which 67% recognizedcorrect etiology. Multiple food items were blamed for acute exacerbations, while respiratoryinfections were most commonly recognized triggering factor. 50% of study population wasignorant of aerosol therapy and only 26% prefer it. Cough suppressants are most popular homemedications. Conclusions: Asthma awareness is inadequate. Controller medications andaerosol therapy is underused and unnecessarily blamed. Asthmatic children are deprived ofnutritious food considering them as triggering factors. Awareness raising strategies are neededin community.

A Comparative Analysis of Staff Organizational Behavior Foundations (A Case Study of Shiraz University)

This study was carried out to analyse comparatively, the foundations of organizational behaviour among the staff of Shiraz University. In this regard, based on the subject's theoretical and research background, the foundations of organizational behaviour were formed of three dimensions (individual, group and organizational) and 23 related factors, and according of which research tool (questionnaire) was formulated and reliability and validity of it were confirmed. The questionnaires were completed by 250 participants who were selected among 1100 university staff, using stratified random sampling method. The results of one sample T- test showed that the mean of individual dimension effect on staff behaviour was high (X− > Q3) and the means of group and organizational dimensions effects on staff behaviour were medium (Q3> X− > Q2). Also, the results of ANOVA suggested that among the individual factors, ability had the highest effect and biographic characteristics had the lowest effect on staff behaviour. Among group factors, leadership had the highest effect and organizational politics had the least effect on their behaviour. And among organizational factors, job analysis had the highest effect and the environment had the lowest effect on their behaviour. Furthermore, organizational behaviour dimensions in order of their influence on the behaviour of the staff include; individual, organizational and group dimensions. Also, factors influencing staff behaviour include ability, personality, intelligence, leadership, learning, job analysis, organizational culture, organizational climate, group characteristics, motivation, attitude, belief system, technology, strategy, perception, power, structure, biographic features, communication, environment, social capital, organizational conflict and politics.

Biographical feature: Henry D. Isenberg, Ph.D.

The year was 1975; the first issue of Journal of Clinical Microbiology (JCM) was published. The advertisers included Microbiological Associates, Clinical Sciences, Inc., and General Diagnostics. Fifty U.S. dollars bought a 1-year subscription. The subjects of the published articles included Proteus

Biographical feature: Josephine Morello, Ph.D.

She was “a true pioneer in the profession and field of clinical microbiology” and “an incredible mentor for so many from young professionals in the field to medical students to nursing students—the list could go on and on.” These statements were only a few of the phrases that came to

Biographical feature: John Matsen, M.D.

There are mentors, and then there are individuals who catapult the careers of others. There are ideologues, and then there are the rare few who shape their visions into something spectacularly innovative. Finally, there are teachers, researchers, and clinical microbiologists among us, but John

Ilustración y educación: Baltasar de los Reyes Marrero y la cátedra de Filosofía Moderna en la Universidad de Caracas, 1788

En la historia de la Universidad colonial venezolana, representada por la Real y Pontiicia Universidad deCaracas, erigida por Real Cédula del 22 de diciembre de 1721, la recepción de las ideas de la Ilustración puede abordarse desde la perspectiva de los educadores que asumieron desde la cátedra la modernización de sus estudios y la reforma de sus estructuras académicas.Tal es el caso de la labor desempeñada por el clérigo Dr. Baltasar de los Reyes Marrero (1752-1809) a quien se le reconoce como el fundador de la cátedra de Filosofía Moderna en la Real y Pontiicia Universidad de Caracas. El propósito de este ensayo es presentar los rasgos biográicos generales, la formación intelectual y la labor pedagógica desempeñada en el seno de la universidad venezolana por este destacado educador.

Biographical Feature: Silas G. Farmer, Ph.D

In 1969, Silas G. Farmer, then the director of clinical microbiology at the Milwaukee County Medical Complex (MCMC) and an assistant professor in the Department of Pathology at the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), petitioned the American Board of Medical Microbiology (ABMM) for certification via