The aim of our study was to optimize the implementation of biofloc technology system (BFT) by proposing a polyculture that integrates sea cucumber (Holothuria inornata) into shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) culture. We evaluated the polyculture of P. vannamei and H. inornata (UR-SSC) in the same culture unit. In addition, both species were cultured in separate units with recirculation (R-S and R-SC) at a density of 500 shrimps/m3 and 12 kg/m3 of sea cucumbers in 100-L tanks. Cultures with recirculation were subsequently evaluated in 300-L tanks for P. vannamei (500 shrimps/m3) and in 100-L tanks for H. inornata (4.5 kg/m3). The results of the first experiment in the UR-SSC polyculture revealed a survival rate of 80% (FCR 0.6) for shrimp and 40% for sea cucumbers. Survival rate for these species submitted to recirculation was 92% (FCR 0.80) for shrimp and 75% for sea cucumbers. In the second experiment, the shrimp in R-S and R-SC revealed a survival rate of 98% (0.69 FCR) and 93% (0.71 FCR), while the sea cucumber exhibited 100% survival rate. The production yield for shrimp in R-S and R-SC was 98% (0.69 FCR) and 93% (0.71 FCR) of survival rate, and 100% for sea cucumbers. Our results indicate that P. vannamei presents a satisfactory productive yield when grown under a recirculating polyculture system with H. inornata. Additionally, the survival of sea cucumbers remains unaffected under this culture system.