Bioethanol Diesel Blend Research Articles

Effect of bioethanol–diesel blends, exhaust gas recirculation rate and injection timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a common rail diesel engine

ABSTRACTThis investigation is focused on the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection timing on the performance, combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fueled with bioethanol-blended diesel using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Simulation is carried out for various EGR rates (0, 10, 20 and 30%), two different injection timings, and two different bioethanol–diesel blends (10 and 20%) at injection pressure. The equivalence ratio is kept constant in all the cases of bioethanol–diesel blends. The results indicate that the mean CO formation and ignition delay increase, whereas mean NO formation and in-cylinder temperature decrease, with increase in the EGR rate. Further, with an increase in percentage of the bioethanol blends, CO and soot formation decrease as compared to neat diesel. A significant increase in in-cylinder pressure (15%) is found at 14° before top dead centre (BTDC) compared to 9° BTDC, which leads to an increase in indicated thermal efficiency of 4% for neat diesel at 30% EGR. In the present study, maximum indicated thermal efficiency is obtained in the case of 10 and 20% bioethanol–diesel blend, and remains constant for all EGR rates considered in the study. Obtained results are validated with the available literature data and indicate good agreement.

Early Injected PCCI Engine Fuelled with Bio Ethanol and Diesel Blends – An Experimental Investigation

Abstract In this paper the work deals with the Experimental analysis of the early direct injected PCCI. For this investigations, the neat diesel and bio ethanol - diesel blend (E20) fuels were used as fuel and the pressure, combustion and emission characteristics were studied in the equivalence ratio of 0.6 (ɸ = 0.6). The injection timing was advanced to 18° rather than the normal 23° before top dead centre (BTDC) as specified engine conditions. For the Experimental analysis the partial homogeneity of the charge was achieved by injecting the fuel in the pre chamber which consists of a heater unit. The fuel injection timing was controlled with respective to the crank angle timing with the help of an ECU unit. In the pre chamber the fuel was vaporised and the partial homogeneous charge was fed in to the engine during the suction stroke. The injection timing was advanced by removing shim from the cam shaft rocker arm mechanism of the engine. The results of the neat diesel and bio ethanol diesel (E20) blends were compared and oxides of Nitrogen were reduced to very lower levels when compared to neat diesel operations.

Comparison of the effects of animal and vegetable based biodiesel in the bioethanol-diesel blend on the combustion and emission characteristics of a common rail diesel engine

The usage of animal biodiesel (AB) was derived from waste fleshing oil, and vegetable biodiesel (VB) was produced from safflower-canola oil mixture in the bioethanol-diesel fuel blend have been investigated to find out the effects of biodiesel content and type on the combustion and emission parameters of a multi cylinder common rail diesel engine. The test fuels were determined as pure fossil diesel fuel (DF), bioethanol-diesel blend with 15% of bioethanol (E15) by mass and three bioethanol-diesel-biodiesel blends prepared for AB and VB that were mixed with different ratios. Biodiesel ratios varied at %5, %10 and %20 by mass in the bioethanol-diesel-biodiesel blends, while bioethanol-diesel concentration was maintained constant. Engine tests were conducted at constant engine speed and four different engine loads. The results of this study showed that maximum cylinder gas pressure (Pmax) of the DF were higher than those of test blends at low and medium engine loads, while Pmax and heat release rate (HRR) of the biodiesel-bioethanol-diesel blends were obtained higher than that of DF at high engine load. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the test blends were calculated higher than that of DF. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions of the both types of biodiesel blends were measured higher, while smoke and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions of these blends were measured lower when compared with DF.

Effect of Di-Tertiary Butyl Peroxide on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of ethanol blended cotton seed methyl ester fuelled automotive diesel engine

An experimental study is carried out to examine and analyze the influence of Di-Tertiary Butyl Peroxide in bioethanol diesel blends on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics in a single cylinder, 4-stroke, naturally aspirated, automotive diesel engine for variable speed at full load conditions. Esterified cotton seed oil of 5% by volume is emulsified with 95% pure diesel to get the base fuel (BE0) for the experiments. Bioethanol diesel blends are produced from base fuel by adding 5% and 10% pure ethanol on a volumetric basis to obtain BE5 and BE10 respectively. The bioethanol fuels are low in Cetane number and hence Di-Tertiary Butyl Peroxide a Cetane enhancer is added by 0.4% by volume to produce BE5CN0.4% and BE10CN0.4% emulsions respectively. It is found from the experiments carried out, that an inverse trend exists between brake thermal efficiency and percentage of ethanol in base fuel. This is due to the lower calorific value of ethanol and an improvement in brake thermal efficiency is observed with ignition improver added blends. The presence of Cetane improver significantly reduced oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydro carbon emissions for overall engine speed and carbon monoxide emissions for low to medium speed range.

Computational Analysis of an Early Direct Injected HCCI Engine with Turbocharger Using Bio Ethanol and Diesel Blends

In this paper the work deals with the computational analysis of early direct injected HCCI engine with turbocharger using the CHEMKIN-PRO software. The computational analysis was carried out in the base of auto ignition chemistry by means of reduced chemical kinetics. For this study the neat diesel and Bio ethanol diesel blend (E20) were used as fuel. The inlet pressure was increased to 1.2 bar to simulate the turbocharged engine operation. The injection time was advanced to 18° before top dead centre (BTDC) i.e., 5° BTDC than normal injection time of 23° BTDC. The equivalence ratio was kept at 0.6 (ɸ=0.6) and the combustion, emission characteristics and chemical kinetics of the combustion reaction were studied. Since pressure and temperature profiles plays a very important role in reaction path at certain operating conditions, an attempt had been made here to present a complete reaction path investigation on the formation/destruction of chemical species at peak temperature and pressure conditions. The result showed that main draw backs of HCCI combustion like higher levels of unburned hydrocarbon emissions and carbon monoxide emissions are reduced in the turbocharged operation of the HCCI engine when compared to normal HCCI engine operation without turbocharger.

Optimization of Combustion Performance of Bioethanol (Water Hyacinth) Diesel Blends on Diesel Engine Using Response Surface Methodology

In the current study, an attempt has been made to use water hyacinth plant (Eichhornia crassipes) as a raw material for production of bioethanol which is then blended with diesel to obtain biodiesel. To investigate the combustion performance, combustion simulation model was developed and compared with experimental results. Further, the combustion performance of bioethanol–diesel blends in diesel engine was evaluated using response surface methodology technique. Bioethanol extracted from water hyacinth is blended with commercial diesel fuel (BED) in different proportions (volume by volume (v/v)), i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25BED. This study illustrates the investigation of various compression ratio, loads and fuel injection pressures with different proportion of diesel bioethanol blends. The results show that single-cylinder diesel engine is capable to run up to 25 % bioethanol mixed with diesel by volume. The in-cylinder combustion pressure (Pmax) reduces while increasing bioethanol–diesel ratio. At higher engine loads, compression ratio and fuel injection pressure, bioethanol blends produce higher combustion pressure in comparison with pure diesel fuel. At lower load, compression ratio and fuel injection pressure, ignition delay increases and Pmax reduces. The 5BED (5 % bioethanol + 95 % diesel) and 10BED (10 % bioethanol + 90 % diesel) gave better combustion performance among all the bioethanol–diesel blends.

Environmental and health impact assessment from a heavy-duty diesel engine under different injection strategies fueled with a bioethanol–diesel blend

Abstract Different injection strategies have been widely studied in both multi- and single-cylinder diesel engines, testing different fuels. However, studies including hydrocarbons speciation are scarce or even inexistent. In the present work, carbonyl compounds (CCs) and particulate-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions, from a heavy-duty single-cylinder diesel engine, have been analyzed under different operating conditions, testing a commercial diesel fuel and a bioethanol–diesel blend. The engine was coupled to a dynamometer and fully equipped with the different apparatus needed to characterize the engine performance and emissions. For CCs and PAHs analyses, a high performance liquid chromatography system was used. Results showed a general increase in both regulated and non-regulated emissions when the bioethanol–diesel blend was used. Regarding the different parametric studies, trends showed a decrease in CCs emissions when λ and injection pressure increased and multiple injections were used. Results also showed a maximum with the variation of the start of injection and an increase with the EGR rate. As for PAH, results presented a reduction with λ and an increase with the EGR rate, whereas the rest of parametric studies did not show any clear trend. With respect to reactivity and toxicity assessments, specific emission levels showed great relevance in final results.

Performance Analysis of Diesel Engine Using Bio Ethanol (Water Hyacinth) by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

In current years, many researches have been worked to find new sources of alternative fuels. In this situation, the water hyacinth will be a new source for bioethanol. In this study, bioethanol extracted from water hyacinth is blended with diesel (5-BED, 5% bioethanol and 95% diesel v/v) and has been used to experimentally investigate the diesel engine performance and emission. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique with three engine operating variables like (i) Load, (ii) Compression ratio (CR) and (iii) Fuel Injection pressure (FIP) has been implemented to evaluate diesel engine performance using bioethanol diesel blend. The equations were obtained for Brake power (BP), Brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), Brake thermal efficiency (BTHE), and NO emission by using quadratic polynomial

Determination of the effects of bioethanol-diesel fuel blends containing Beraid ED10 additive on engine performance and emissions in a diesel engine with a pump injection system

In the present study, the effects of bioethanol-diesel fuel- Beraid ED10 additive blends on engine performance and emissions were investigated on a four-stroke, three-cylinder, water-cooled, turbocharged diesel engine with a pump injection fuel system. Low-sulphur Eurodiesel fuel, BE5 (5% bioethanol – 93% euro diesel – 2% Beraid ED10), BE10 and BE15 fuels were used in the experiments. The changes that occurred in engine performance and emission values with the use of these fuels were examined. The results of the experiments showed that the highest engine torque was measured as 121 Nm with the use of Eurodiesel fuel (E0). The comparison of the engine effective power values did not reveal a significant difference among the fuels. The lowest specific fuel consumption (SFC) was measured as 178 g/kWh with the use of E0 fuel, while the highest SFC value was obtained with the use of BE15 fuel. The use of bioethanol-diesel fuel blends caused a decrease of approximately 50% in percent carbon monoxide (CO) value. Carbon dioxide (CO2) values showed an increase of 50% and HC values increased at rates up to 300%. As the result of this study, it was found out that bioethanol-diesel fuel-Beraid ED10 blends can be used up to the ratio of BE15 without performing any changes in the diesel engine. Key words: Bioethanol-diesel blend, E-diesel, Beraid ED10, engine performance, engine emissions.

The effect of biodiesel and bioethanol blended diesel fuel on nanoparticles and exhaust emissions from CRDI diesel engine

Biofuel (biodiesel, bioethanol) is considered one of the most promising alternative fuels to petrol fuels. The objective of the work is to study the characteristics of the particle size distribution, the reaction characteristics of nanoparticles on the catalyst, and the exhaust emission characteristics when a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine is run on biofuel-blended diesel fuels. In this study, the engine performance, emission characteristics, and particle size distribution of a CRDI diesel engine that was equipped with a warm-up catalytic converters (WCC) or a catalyzed particulate filter (CPF) were examined in an ECE (Economic Commission Europe) R49 test and a European stationary cycle (ESC) test. The engine performance under a biofuel-blended diesel fuel was similar to that under D100 fuel, and the high fuel consumption was due to the lowered calorific value that ensued from mixing with biofuels. The use of a biodiesel–diesel blend fuel reduced the total hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions but increased nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions due to the increased oxygen content in the fuel. The smoke emission was reduced by 50% with the use of the bioethanol–diesel blend. Emission conversion efficiencies in the WCC and CPF under biofuel-blended diesel fuels were similar to those under D100 fuel. The use of biofuel-blended diesel fuel reduced the total number of particles emitted from the engine; however, the use of biodiesel–diesel blends resulted in more emissions of particles that were smaller than 50 nm, when compared with the use of D100. The use of a mixed fuel of biodiesel and bioethanol (BD15E5) was much more effective for the reduction of the particle number and particle mass, when compared to the use of BD20 fuel.