Comparison of the effects of animal and vegetable based biodiesel in the bioethanol-diesel blend on the combustion and emission characteristics of a common rail diesel engine

Abstract

The usage of animal biodiesel (AB) was derived from waste fleshing oil, and vegetable biodiesel (VB) was produced from safflower-canola oil mixture in the bioethanol-diesel fuel blend have been investigated to find out the effects of biodiesel content and type on the combustion and emission parameters of a multi cylinder common rail diesel engine. The test fuels were determined as pure fossil diesel fuel (DF), bioethanol-diesel blend with 15% of bioethanol (E15) by mass and three bioethanol-diesel-biodiesel blends prepared for AB and VB that were mixed with different ratios. Biodiesel ratios varied at %5, %10 and %20 by mass in the bioethanol-diesel-biodiesel blends, while bioethanol-diesel concentration was maintained constant. Engine tests were conducted at constant engine speed and four different engine loads. The results of this study showed that maximum cylinder gas pressure (Pmax) of the DF were higher than those of test blends at low and medium engine loads, while Pmax and heat release rate (HRR) of the biodiesel-bioethanol-diesel blends were obtained higher than that of DF at high engine load. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the test blends were calculated higher than that of DF. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions of the both types of biodiesel blends were measured higher, while smoke and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions of these blends were measured lower when compared with DF.