Biodiesel Fueled Diesel Engine Research Articles

Enhancing biodiesel engine performance and emission reduction using Fe and Zn coated zeolite catalytic converters

ABSTRACT This study evaluates the performance and emission characteristics of diesel, fish biodiesel (comprising 20% fish oil and 80% diesel), and fish biodiesel using Fe and Zn-coated zeolite catalytic converters. The research aims to mitigate environmental challenges associated with diesel engines by exploring the efficacy of metal-doped zeolite catalysts in reducing harmful emissions. Fish biodiesel was derived from fish waste via transesterification and tested in a single-cylinder diesel engine. Key performance metrics, including Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, Brake Thermal Efficiency, Exhaust Gas Temperature, cylinder pressure, Heat Release Rate, and ignition delay, were measured. Emission characteristics such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, and smoke opacity were also analyzed. Results showed diesel had the lowest Specific fuel consumption, ranging from 730 g/kWh at 25% load to 320 g/kWh at full load. Fish biodiesel exhibited higher Specific fuel consumption, from 770 g/kWh to 350 g/kWh. Regarding emissions, the NOx of the biodiesel increased significantly compared to diesel; the use of a catalytic converter has reduced the NOx emission to a maximum extent of 37.5% at full load for a Fe-coated converter. The Zn-coated converter also improved emissions by up to 33% for NO but was slightly less effective than the Fe-coated converter. The study concludes that Fe-coated zeolite catalytic converters significantly enhance biodiesel-fueled diesel engines’ performance and emission characteristics. Both catalytic converters reduced the smoke emission significantly. These findings highlight the potential for developing more efficient and eco-friendly emission control technologies and promoting using renewable transportation fuels.

Response surface methodology optimization of characteristics of biodiesel powered diesel engine and its effective integration to autonomous microgrid

An optimum diesel engine load condition with higher thermal efficiency and energy management has been the foremost challenge in the renewable energy research field. Modern trends involve nano additives for obtaining high performing biodiesel blends. Considering the above-mentioned factors, an experimental study along with statistical analysis has been performed with variation of compression ratio (16, 17.5 & 18), ZrO2 nano additive (50, 100 & 150 ppm) and load (50, 75 & 100 %). The optimization was accomplished by diminishing the BSFC, NOx, HC, CO, and increasing the BTE, CO2 using the approach of desirability. From the obtained results, the optimum operating conditions of the engine were found to be 75 % load, 18:1 compression ratio, and 150 ppm ZrO2 nano additive. The actual values at optimized conditions are obtained as BSFC (0.27 kg/kWh), BTE (33.37 %), CO (0.71 %), CO2 (8.69 %), NOx (1270 ppm), HC (62 %) and Smoke (25.20 %) with error less than 5 %. It has been observed that the BSFC of the proposed biodiesel-diesel blend is lower than that of pure diesel in all levels of power output. The biodiesel fuelled diesel engine is integrated as backup power in autonomous microgrid with main power as solar PV system operated at MPPT mode. A hybrid power system based on solar PV and biodiesel generator set up is the better alternative to emission-intensive fossil fuel and intermittent renewable.

Statistical analysis of Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel fueled diesel engine at variable injection timings using response surface methodology

The twin problems, fossil fuel crisis and the rise in pollution, have activated research in different sources of renewable energy. In this regard, Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel can be a solution which can be employed in diesel engines for power generation and transportation. Keeping this in view, Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel is used in a diesel engine in this investigation. The potential for improvement in performance with varying engine load settings and injection timings is presented in this paper. The statistical investigation was carried out using analysis of variance [ANOVA], response surface methodology [RSM], and desirability-based optimization. A research test engine with a maximum load capacity of 3.5 kW was used for experimentation. Five load settings of engine [20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, 100 %] and four injection timings [20° BTDC, 23° BTDC, 25° BTDC, 28° BTDC] were employed for the study. Observation of results exhibited that the retarded injection timing of 20° BTDC lowers the emissions and improves the conversion efficiency of fuel for diesel engines powered with Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel. The RSM-based modeling and optimization contributed to the identification of 23.45 % BTE, 49.75 PCP, 25.62 ppm CO, 1.38 % CO2, and 23.38 ppm HC at 20° BTDC FIT and 72.87 % engine load. The RSM-based model forecasted results were examined using a validation test, and the findings were well within 5 % of the model-predicted outcomes, suggesting a robust model.

Split injection strategy control map development through prediction-based calibration approach to improve the biodiesel-fuelled diesel engine characteristics.

Karanja oil blended with diesel acts as a good alternative for a CI engine due to its low emission and high oxygen content as compared to pure diesel which leads to the non-toxic and biodegradable nature of the fuel. The objective of this project is to enhance the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine that runs on biofuel by accurately calibrating its fuel injector control parameters. To achieve this goal, the project focuses on creating optimal split injector control maps using a novel global model-based calibration approach that considers the entire range of engine speed-load conditions. To develop the model, the experimentation was conducted using the I-optimal design of the experiment technique. To establish a relationship between the calibration parameters and engine performance parameters based on experimental data, the study employed response surface methodology (RSM). With the support of a developed model and multi-objective optimization approach under equivalent importance to performance and emissions, the optimum injector control points are derived. For the developed engine map for 20% KBD (Karanja bio-diesel)-blended fuel, the BTE (brake thermal efficiency) reaches up to 30% and lower BSFC (brake specific fuel consumption) of 0.37 kg/kW-hr. After optimization, the split injector control map showed significant improvements over the un-optimized map. At 19 Nm and 3000 rpm, the optimized map resulted in a 31.36% increase in BTE and a 29.31% decrease in BSFC. Moreover, the optimization successfully balanced the trade-off between reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions and smoke emissions. However, the optimized fuel map for 20% KBD-blended fuel shows slightly lower performance compared to diesel fuel. While the optimization process led to a decrease in smoke emissions about 22.3%, it also resulted in elevated NOx emissions about 9.83% when compared to diesel fuel. Furthermore, emissions of CO and HC are reduced by 12.8% and 19.2%, respectively, in an optimized control map of 20% KBD-blended fuel compared to un-optimized map.

Energy, exergy and emission [3E] analysis of Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel fueled diesel engine at variable injection timings

Biofuels can be used in diesel engine for power generation to address the twin problems: fossil fuel depletion and the rise of pollution. In this regard, the present work explores the possibility of enhancement of performance of Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel run diesel Engine through operation at different injection timings and load settings. The investigation is carried out through energy, exergy, and emission (3E) analysis. For experimentation, a research test engine of 3.5 kW is considered. Four injection timings (20° bTDC, 23° bTDC, 25° bTDC, 28° bTDC) and five load settings (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) were taken for the test. The results indicate that the retarded injection timing of 20° bTDC results in an improvement of fuel conversion efficiency, as well as a lowering of both exergy destruction and emissions for Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel, run a diesel engine. At injection timing of 20° bTDC for 100% load, the maximum brake thermal efficiencies and maximum exergetic efficiency were found to be 26.11% and 30.32%, respectively under biodiesel mode as compared to 27.76% and 30.74%, respectively for diesel mode. For the same injection timing, the average drop in CO, CO2, and HC emissions were found to be 46.22%, 1.62%, and 39.67%, respectively whereas the average increase of NOX emission was found to be 8.08% in comparison to diesel mode.

Effects of emission and performance characteristics study of rubber seed biodiesel fueled DI diesel engine fumigated with methanol

In response to growing fuel costs, rising demand for fossil fuels, concerns over tailpipe emissions, and research into locally produced renewable and alternative fuels, researchers are exploring for fuels that may be produced from renewable sources that burn efficiently. This article explains how to evaluate a compression ignition engine's performance and emissions using rubber seed oil and methanol fumigation. The viscosity of rubber seed oil is lower. Rubber seed biodiesel was produced using the transesterification process, and the characteristics of pure and blended Rubber seed biodiesel were examined. The emissions of neat diesel fuel are compared to those of B20 rubber seed biodiesel and its methanol fumigation. It has been discovered that as load increases, braking power tends to increase as well. The methanol fumigation decreases when the fuel consumption unique to brakes is taken into account. The brake thermal efficiency is increased by 2.75 %. when the methanol fumigation and in the investigation for CO emissions, B20 is found to be increased at an increase in loads. Thus the same is found while it is done with the methanol fumigation. The incomplete combustion has produced the CO. it is found that there is a few amounts of HC is increased in all loads. There is a drop in the NOX at all the loads when it is under the methanol fumigation which is 12.5 % lesser than the NOX compared with neat diesel. In the CO2 emission there is a reduction in emission in the methanol fumigation up to 4 %.

Performance evaluation of artificial neural networks for a fish oil biodiesel fueled diesel engine: Paying a pathway to sustainable energy in environmental progress

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a neural networks model to predict the performance monitoring of the compression ignition engine at various injection timings (21°, 24°, 27°bTDC) using fish oil biodiesel thereby increasing the sustainability of the biodiesel and leading to greener environment. The influence of the injection timing on the engine performance, emission, and combustion are observed in a four‐stroke single cylinder, constant speed, direct injection with a rated output of 4.4 kW using fish oil biodiesel blended with diesel. Feed forward back propagation, Elman feed forward, and Cascade back propagation neural networks‐based models are created to predict the parameters like ignition delay, maximum rate of pressure rise, combustion duration, smoke, hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, and exhaust gas temperature. Scaled conjugate gradient and Levenberg–Marquardt have been used as training functions. The predictive capability of the models is compared with each other. It is observed that Elman feed forward with trainlm is the best model with the correlation coefficient is 0.9–1 and low root mean square error. The developed artificial neural network (ANN) predicts the engine parameters with the acceptable correlation limits and proves the efficiency and precision of the model which significantly reduces the time consumption and cost incurred in real time application. Hence by using limited experimental investigations the more accurate engine performance and emissions can be determined for wider engine operating conditions using Elman feed forward ANN.

A machine learning framework for evaluating the biodiesel properties for accurate modeling of spray and combustion processes

The environment-friendly nature of biodiesel coupled with its inherent compression ignition fuel characteristics like better ignition quality, and fuel bound oxygen may reduce sooting combustion, and attract wide attention. The variation of thermophysical properties with temperature is essential for accurately modeling the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Hence, the current paper attempts to predict the thermo-physical properties such as density, viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, latent heat of vaporization, vapor pressure, mass diffusivity etc., and their variation with respect to the temperature following a machine learning approach for biodiesel fuels. Twenty feedstock samples are chosen for predicting the biodiesel thermo-physical properties and are validated with the available experimental data within a maximum error of 14 %. To evaluate the thermo-physical properties of a variety of feedstock, the predicted data are used for training an artificial neural network (ANN) and the developed ANN function is used for generating the various thermophysical properties of biodiesel fuels based on their composition and temperature. A good agreement is observed between the predicted and ANN results with a maximum mean absolute percentage error of 10 %. Hence in the current work, a collective mathematical modeling approach is proposed to accurately determine the spray and combustion-related fuel properties. The proposed model provides the various liquid and vapor properties and their variation with temperature which could be effectively employed for detailed spray and biodiesel-combustion modeling. An exhaustive data generation of eleven major liquid and vapour properties of twenty biodiesel fuels within the actual temperature range from 300 K to their respective critical temperature is presented.

Thermal and chemical exhaust gas recirculation potential of punnai oil biodiesel-fuelled diesel engine for environmental sustainability.

Major energy production all over the world depends on fossil fuels. Recent research on alternative energy sources has raised major concerns about environmental impacts, future availability, and cost. Pollution from diesel engines also affects the environment negatively. As a result, there is a worldwide concern about reducing the pollutants emitted by diesel engines. In comparison to diesel fuel, biodiesel combustion produces reduced carbon monoxide (CO2) and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions but higher nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. The current study aims to investigate the thermal and chemical effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the features of a diesel engine for environmental sustainability. The punnai oil was produced from kernels of punnai seeds and transesterified in two phases using alcohol with the existence of a catalyst. The higher viscosity of punnai oil biodiesel is diluted by mixing it with diesel fuel. Our previous investigation indicated that neat punnai oil biodiesel is a potential fuel; however, the findings showed that the addition of diesel is necessary to obtain acceptable engine performance. In this study, punnai oil biodiesel was mixed at a rate of 20% with diesel (B20) and run in a diesel engine with varied EGR rates under five different engine loads. This combined impact enhanced the maximum heat release rate (HRR) and maximum combustion pressure, according to the findings. The premixed burning fractions were commonly higher at all engine loads, whereas the diffusion combustion fractions were lower. When the centre of the HRR changed toward the top dead centre (TDC), combustion durations remained rather constant. The experimental results revealed the B20 blend at a 10% EGR flow rate produced 6.57% lower BTE, 37.04% higher BSEC, 2.47% higher EGT, 5.13% lower CO, 31.11% higher CO2, 3.13% higher UHC, 8.36% lower NOx, and 4% higher smoke opacity when compared with diesel in a standard diesel engine.

Combined influence of compression ratio and exhaust gas recirculation on the diverse characteristics of the diesel engine fueled with novel palmyra biodiesel blend

The current study investigates the influence of compression ratio and EGR on the various characteristics of diesel engine operated with 20% Palmyra oil methyl ester (POME 20) blend at different load conditions. Transesterification process is used to produce the palmyra oil methyl ester from the palmyra crude oil, which is extracted from the palmyra seeds by the application of mechanical pressing operation. ASTM standards have been used to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of palmyra oil methyl ester and these properties are close competing with the diesel fuel. Preliminary tests are conducted with blends of palmyra oil methyl ester (POME 10, POME 20 and POME 30) on diesel engine working at standard conditions and it is found improved engine performance and reduced emissions for POME20. One of the viable techniques to enhance the engine characteristics is to change the operating parameters. In this context, the present work focuses on the influences of distinct compression ratios (16:1, 18:1 and 20:1) on the diverse characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with POME 20 blend. The experimental test findings indicate that the brake thermal efficiency is enhanced by 6.91% and BSFC is lowered by 10.2%; and considerable decreases in carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and smoke opacity emissions by 13.33%, 8.82% and 8.2% respectively found at compression ratio 20:1 when compared to POME 20 operated at compression ratio 16:1. However, the NO x emissions are found to be higher. EGR is the simplest, cheapest and most effective technique used for reduction of NO x emissions for diesel and biodiesel fuelled diesel engine. In this, EGR is added 5% and 10% rates to the POME 20 operated at 20:1 compression ratio. The test results revealed that the addition of 10% EGR to the POME 20 is found 23% reduction of NO X emissions when compared to POME 20 operated at standard operating conditions.

Impact of additives on Combustion, performance and exhaust emission of biodiesel fueled direct injection diesel engine

The world is facing serious problem due to growing demand of fossil fuel and. The continuously rise in the price of crude oil and its features of producing harmful emissions results severe air pollution. The use of alternative fuels specially fuel derived through biomass would help to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). Biodiesel has emerged one of the potential alternative fuels to diesel. Biodiesel has several advantages, but few challenges such as high viscosity, low heating value, high level of nitric oxides emissions etc. The effect of using additives with biodiesel has a significant effect on its behaviour. There are wide range of additives such as metal-based additives, antioxidants, cetane improvers, and oxygenated additives etc. are used to improve the different characteristics of biodiesel. To minimise the pollutants and enhance the combustion and performance characteristics of the engine many efforts have been done. The current work discusses about application of additives in biodiesel to enhance its behaviour. The current study concluded that use of additives in biodiesel can be a vital solution to improve combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of engine.

Evaluation of a new low-cost CO2 trapper material for the biodiesel fuelled diesel engine

The main greenhouse gases which confer global warming and green house effects to the Earth are Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane, Nitrous Oxide (NOx) and Water Vapor. In these greenhouse gases CO2 content is vast in the atmosphere. CO2 emissions are caused due to the burning of fossil fuels like petrol, diesel, natural gas, etc. for electrical power supply, mobility and industrial applications. Hence it has become a requisite to avoid further add of CO2 emissions on to atmosphere and to control global warming and green house effects. The most important cause for natural disasters and changes in climatic conditions is because of CO2 emissions. There are many sources that emit CO2 but most comes from automobiles which is about 65 % while comparing it with other sources. To diminish and manage the control of CO2 emission to the atmosphere from automobiles, theoretical approach and practical experiments of adsorption of CO2 were conducted and analyzed. Charcoal is one among the best adsorption materials because of its huge porous value and capture capacity. This new cost-efficient CO2 absorber has been tested under various load conditions on 5.2 kW diesel engine fueled with Jatropha Biodiesel (BD) Blend. CO2 emissions were adsorbed up to 70 % for the CCS3 material for full load condition.

Effect of three and five holes nozzle on thermal efficiency and emission characters of DI-CI diesel engine with lemongrass biodiesel as alternate fuel

The performance and emissions characters of Diesel engine behavior depend largely on several criteria, fuel injection nozzle plays a vital role in the proper combustion of Diesel engines. This research analyzes the impact of a nozzle hole configuration on the features of a biodiesel-fuelled Diesel engine. Therefore, the causes are dependent on the modification that the nozzle hole was selected from three-hole and five-hole nozzles, while the engine characteristics of the lemongrass biodiesel blend with diesel were examined. Lemongrass biodiesel with 20% blend, LGB B20, has been investigated experimentally with different engine loads with respect to brake power, three-hole, and five-hole nozzles. The experimental investigation showed an improvement in peak i.e. highest heat release rate of 12.5% for three- and five-hole nozzle and brake specific fuel consumption of 15% is increased in single hole nozzle and it is observed it?s diminished in three- and five-holed nozzle. Further, the brake thermal efficiency is increased in the five-hole nozzle in comparison to the three-hole nozzle at full load condition. Furthermore emission characteristics like HC, CO, and smoke are de-creased with an increase in the number of nozzles, at the penalty of increase in NOx emissions has been observed.

Combustion, Performance, and Emission Behaviors of Biodiesel Fueled Diesel Engine with the Impact of Alumina Nanoparticle as an Additive

The objective of this research work is to evaluate the performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions of a variable compression ratio diesel engine utilizing diesel 25% rubber seed biodiesel mixture (B25) blended with 25 ppm and 50 ppm of alumina nanoparticle running with different operating conditions. An ultrasonicator was used to make uniform dispersion of alumina (Al) nanoparticles in the diesel–biodiesel mixture. Biodiesel mixture blended with nanoparticles has physicochemical characteristics that are comparable to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) D6751 limitations. The results revealed that the B25 exhibited a lower cylinder peak pressure and lower HRR (heat release rate) than diesel at maximum power. BTE (brake thermal efficiency) of B25 is 2.2% lower than diesel, whereas BSFC of B25 is increased by 6% in contrast to diesel. Emissions of HC (hydrocarbon), CO (carbon monoxide), and smoke for B25 were diminished, while emissions of NOx (nitrogen oxide) were higher at maximum power. Further, the combustion and performance of diesel engine were improved with the inclusion of alumina nanoparticles to biodiesel blends. In comparison to B25, BTE of B25 with 50% alumina nanoparticles (B25Al50) mixture was enhanced by 4.8%, and the BSFC was diminished by 8.5%, while HC, CO, and smoke were also diminished by 36%, 20%, and 44%, respectively. At peak load, the maximum cylinder pressure and HRR of B25 were improved by 4.2% and 6.7%, respectively, with the presence of 50% alumina nanoparticles in a biodiesel blend (B25Al50).

Numerical and Experimental Study on the Impact of Mild Cold Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Exhaust Emissions in a Biodiesel-Fueled Diesel Engine

Abstract This work evaluated the effect of cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from a diesel engine fueled with B8 (a blend of biodiesel and no. diesel 8:92% by volume), experimentally and numerically. Experiments were carried out on a diesel power generator with varying loads from 5 kW to 35 kW and 10% of cold EGR ratio. Exhaust emissions (e.g., total hydrocarbons (THCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), etc.) were measured and evaluated. The results showed mild EGR and low biodiesel content have minor impact of engine-specific fuel consumption, fuel conversion efficiency, and in-cylinder pressure. Meanwhile, the combination of EGR and biodiesel reduced THC and NOx up to 52% and 59%, which shows promising effect on overcoming the particulate matter–NOx tradeoff from diesel engine. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics engine model incorporated with detailed biodiesel combustion kinetics and NOx formation kinetics was validated against measured in-cylinder pressure, temperature, and engine-out nitric oxide emission from diesel engine. This valid model was then employed to investigate the in-cylinder temperature and equivalence ratio distribution that predominate NOx formation. The critical results showed that the reduction of NOx emission by EGR and biodiesel is obtained by a little reduction of the local in-cylinder temperature and, mainly, by creating comparatively rich combusting mixture, which makes the combustion path pass through lower NOx zone in the ϕ–T diagram.

A relative assessment of emulsification and water injection methods to mitigate higher oxides of nitrogen emissions from biodiesel fueled light-duty diesel engine

In-cylinder emission control strategies based on fuel modifications have gained considerable interest in diesel engine applications because of the potential to simultaneously reduce the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and soot emissions. There is a renewed interest to replace diesel with carbon-neutral biodiesel to mitigate global warming potential from the transport sector. Further, the bi-directional NOx-soot trade-off problem in conventional diesel combustion has been reduced to a unidirectional higher NOx problem with biodiesel. The efficacy of utilizing emulsification and water injection methods to mitigate the higher NOx emissions with biodiesel is investigated in the present work. The water to biodiesel ratio for the emulsion and injection methods was kept similar at 3%, 6%, and 9% by mass of fuel. Experiments were conducted in a light-duty diesel engine at rated speed, varying load conditions with neat biodiesel, biodiesel-water emulsion, and biodiesel water injection. Biodiesel-water emulsions prepared using a combination of non-ionic surfactants, Span 80 and Tween 80, were stable for over four months. The average droplet size measured using the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique was 305 nm, 334 nm and 443 nm with 3%, 6% and 9% emulsion, respectively. The intake manifold was modified to include a low-pressure port fuel injector (PFI) to enable water injection. The pulse width of the PFI injector was controlled using a National Instruments PFI module to vary the injected water mass per cycle. The results obtained with biodiesel-water emulsion and biodiesel water injection were compared with neat biodiesel as a reference fuel. The ignition delay time increased, and the peak pressure was reduced with biodiesel-water emulsion. The combustion duration was reduced with emulsion indicating faster burning characteristics. The engine brake thermal efficiency increased with emulsion with a maximum increase of 6%, and there was a 10% reduction in the brake-specific fuel consumption. Both emulsion and water injection result in a simultaneous decrease in NOx and smoke emissions. The drop is significant with emulsion, with a maximum reduction of 40% and 34% in the NOx and smoke emissions, respectively. Overall, the present study shows that biodiesel-water emulsion has a higher potential to achieve a simultaneous reduction in NOx and smoke emissions with better engine performance.

Performance of Coconut Biodiesel Fueled Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Emission Analysis

Biodiesel fuel is biodegradable, Sulphur free, non-toxic and environmentally friendly. Current research focuses on coconut biodiesel production using crude coconut oil. Both one and two step transesterification methods were utilized to analyze the effect of free fatty acid on the transesterification process while the two-step transesterification reported highest yield biodiesel percentage of 84% compared to the one step i.e. 72%. The fuel properties found compatible with standards. The biodiesel blends fueled diesel engine performance tests were performed on diesel engine Water-cooled, four stroke, single cylinder, Direct Injection System (Kubota - RK95-1-NB-RDK). The biofuel blend with 10% of coconut biodiesel and 90% Petro-diesel shown the highest brake horsepower of 8.809KW, engine power of 1.685KW and mechanical efficiency of 15.24%. While in exhaust gas emission analysis, the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide decrease with the increasing biodiesel blend whereas the nitrogen oxides increased.

Investigation on the Performance Enhancement and Emission Reduction of a Biodiesel Fueled Diesel Engine Based on an Improved Entire Diesel Engine Simulation Model

In order to improve the efficiency of the diesel engine and reduce emissions, an improved heat transfer model was developed in an AVL-BOOST environment which is a powerful and user-friendly software for engine steady-state and transient performance analysis. The improved heat transfer model considers the advantages of the Woschni1978 heat transfer model and Honhenberg heat transfer model. In addition, a five-component biodiesel skeletal mechanism containing 475 reactions and 134 species was developed to simulate the fuel spray process and combustion process since it contained methyl linolenate, methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, methyl stearate, and methyl palmitate, which are a majority component in most biodiesel. Finally, the propulsion and load characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel fuel were investigated by the improved heat transfer model in term of power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), soot and NOx emissions. Similarly, the effects of the fuel injection rate on the diesel engine’s characteristic fueled with biodiesel was studied. The result showed that the errors between experiment and simulation were less than 2%. Thus, the simulation model could predict the propulsion and load characteristics of the diesel engine. The nozzle diameter, injection pressure, and injection advance angle are significant to the injection system. Thus, it is very important to choose the injection rate reasonably.

Effect of diethyl-ether on emission and exergy analysis of neem-oil-based biodiesel fuelled diesel engine

Effect of diethyl-ether on emission and exergy analysis of neem-oil-based biodiesel fuelled diesel engine

Effect of diethyl-ether on emission and exergy analysis of neem-oil-based biodiesel fuelled diesel engine

This investigation presents the impact of 'diethyl-ether (DEE)' on exergy parameters, and emission concentrations for NEEM45 fuelled small DI diesel engine. Diethyl-ether has been used as an oxygenated improver. DEE is mixed in NEEM45 (neem biodiesel 45% + 55% diesel) in proportions of 5%, 10%, and 15% by vol% basis. The impact of DEE on exergy analysis of diesel engine has been carried out in this investigation. Engine out emissions, namely NOx, CO, HC, and smoke opacity, are measured. Experimental results indicate a significant decline in NOx, CO and improved exergetic efficiency. The exergetic efficiency is increased by 6.8%, which indicates the lower exergy destruction. NOx emission is significantly reduced by 56% as compared to that of NEEM45 without DEE. The experimental results show that exergy parameters and emission characteristics improved with 15% DEE addition.